Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Perioperative Management Of Pheochromocytoma: Anaesthetic Implications, Aliya Ahmed

Department of Anaesthesia

Pheochromocytoma is a catecholamine producing tumour that can cause severe hypertension and other systemic disturbances. The perioperative management of pheochromocytoma remains a complicated anaesthesia challenge requiring intensive preoperative preparation and vigilant intraoperative and postoperative care. In this article the perioperative management of pheochromocytoma is reviewed by first summarizing its pathophysiology, clinical aspects and diagnosis, then highlighting the preoperative optimization of the patient and finally describing the intraoperative and postoperative anaesthetic management in the light of the current information.

High Dietary Fat Intake Is Not Associated With High Levels Of Circulating Lipoproteins Or Total Cholesterol, C. Jayne Brahler, C. Wilson, Janine Baer

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to determine the association between dietary intake of fats, waist to hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), and blood lipoproteins and total cholesterol (TC) using food frequency data in one group of apparently healthy, urban African American women and their daughters (n = 110). Subjects were fasted when blood was drawn, waist and hip circumferences and body weight and height were measured, and WHR and BMI were calculated.

Average daily total fat intakes were 91.46 g and 77.83 g for mothers and daughters, respectively, but average LDL levels of 104.4 g/L and 103.1 …

Anesthetic Deaths In A Developing Country, Mueenullah Khan, Fauzia A. Khan

Department of Anaesthesia

It is important to ascertain the contribution of anesthesia to perioperative mortality in order to enable improvement in the safety and quality of care. Scanty literature regarding anesthetic mortality from developing countries is available. We present data regarding anesthesia related mortality in a university hospital in a developing country. We reviewed all patient deaths occurring between 1992-2003 occurring within 24 hours of anesthesia, as part of departmental quality assurance activity. The aim of study was to identify any contributing factors associated with mortality, and to compare our data with similar studies from developed and developing countries. 111,289 cases were handled …

Tramadol Versus Nalbuphine In Total Intravenous Anaesthesia For Dilatation And Evacuation, Khalid Maudood Siddiqui, Ursula Chohan

Department of Anaesthesia

Objective: To compare the results of Tramadol with Nalbuphine for dilatation and evacuation with total intravenous anaesthesia technique.Methods: A total of 70 patients (35 in each group) were included in this prospective, double blind randomized study. Intravenous tramadol 1.5 mg/kg and nalbuphine 0.1 mg/kg were compared in total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) using a propofol infusion in patients undergoing dilatation and evacuation (D and E). Changes in haemodynamic variables greater than 20% from the base line values were noted.Results: There was no difference found in haemodynamic parameters. There was statistically significant difference found (p < 0.05) in postoperative recovery between the two groups.CONCLUSION: Quality of analgesia was better in nalbuphine group but both drugs provide suitable analgesic supplementation to TIVA.

Development Of A Blood Test For The Detection Of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma, Rebecca Slattery

Theses : Honours

Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma is a highly aggressive form of skin cancer that has a tendency to metastasise. In its early stages, the 5-year survival rate of patients is greater than 90% following surgical excision of an in situ tumour. However, following metastasis of the tumour, the 5-year survival rate declines to 5-35%. Due to the correlation between metastasis and declining survival, studies have attempted to identify potential metastasis as early as possible. Molecular markers of melanoma cells in the peripheral blood of CMM patients have been investigated, as the invasion of tumour cells into the blood is one of the …

Using Pareto Fronts To Evaluate Polyp Detection Algorithms For Ct Colonography, Adam Huang, Jiang Li, Ronald M. Summers, Nicholas Petrick, Amy K. Hara

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

We evaluate and improve an existing curvature-based region growing algorithm for colonic polyp detection for our CT colonography (CTC) computer-aided detection (CAD) system by using Pareto fronts. The performance of a polyp detection algorithm involves two conflicting objectives, minimizing both false negative (FN) and false positive (FP) detection rates. This problem does not produce a single optimal solution but a set of solutions known as a Pareto front. Any solution in a Pareto front can only outperform other solutions in one of the two competing objectives. Using evolutionary algorithms to find the Pareto fronts for multi-objective optimization problems has been …

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease And Fundoplication In Infants And Children, Shawn D. St Peter, G W. Holcomb Iii

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can be one of the most distressing conditions developing at different ages in infants and children. The disease itself is a complex process along with ongoing dynamic anatomic and physiologic changes occurring during normal development. Therefore among referring physicians, considerations regarding the role of surgery for GERD in children varies widely depending on individual experiences in managing these patients. These varied opinions result in discrepancies in the operative experience with fundoplication among pediatric surgeons. It is unclear how much of the current opinions stem from published evidence, particularly with regard to the safety and efficacy of …

Anaesthesia For Interventional Neuroradiology, Aliya Ahmed

Department of Anaesthesia

There have been rapid and significant advances in diagnostic and interventional radiology, including interventional neuroradiology, in recent years. Many intracranial vascular pathologies are being successfully managed by endovascular interventional neuroradiology techniques. These techniques include procedures like embolization of vascular tumours and arterio-venous malformations, coiling of cerebral aneurysms. etc. The support of anaesthesia team is requested for these therapeutic endovascular neuroradiological procedures. The main aims of the anaesthesiologist during any interventional neuroradiology procedure are provision of a physiologically stable and immobile patient, alteration of arterial blood pressure as necessary, and appropriate and timely management of complications. Provision of anaesthesia in remote …

Pancreatic Operations In Children, An Institutional Experience And Review Of Literature, Varun Puri, Lisa Martin, Shawn D. St Peter, G W. Holcomb Iii, Daniel J. Ostlie

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Pancreatic operations are not commonly performed in the pediatric age group. Tumors, chronic pancreatitis, trauma and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia are the main diseases leading to pancreatic resections in children. Excluding patients with acute pancreatitis and pseudocysts, over the last 5 years we have performed operations in 11 children for pancreaticoduodenal pathology. The diagnoses encountered were tumors or tumor like conditions (four), angiodysplasia (one), chronic pancreatitis (one), traumatic pancreatic transection (three), traumatic pseudocyst, and neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (one). Operations performed were: pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) in three patients, subtotal or distal pancreatectomy in six patients, distal pancreaticojejunostomy with oversewing of the proximal pancreatic duct …

Validating Pareto Optimal Operation Parameters Of Polyp Detection Algorithms For Ct Colonography, Jiang Li, Adam Huang, Nicholas Petrick, Jianhua Yao, Ronald M. Summers, Maryellen L. Giger (Ed.), Nico Karssemeijer (Ed.)

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

We evaluated a Pareto front-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for optimizing our CT colonography (CTC) computer-aided detection (CAD) system. The system identifies colonic polyps based on curvature and volumetric based features, where a set of thresholds for these features was optimized by the evolutionary algorithm. We utilized a two-fold cross-validation (CV) method to test if the optimized thresholds can be generalized to new data sets. We performed the CV method on 133 patients; each patient had a prone and a supine scan. There were 103 colonoscopically confirmed polyps resulting in 188 positive detections in CTC reading from either the prone or …

Adenoviral Mediated Gene Transfer Into The Dog Brain In Vivo, Marianela Candolfi, Kurt Kroeger, Elizabeth Pluhar, Chunyan Liu, Carlos Barcia, Josee Bergeron, Mariana Puntel, James Curtin, Elizabeth Mcniel, Andrew Freese, John Ohlfest, Peter Moore, William Kuoy, Pedro Lowenstein, Maria Castro

Articles

OBJECTIVE: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a devastating brain tumor for which there is no cure. Adenoviral-mediated transfer of conditional cytotoxic (herpes simplex virus [HSV] 1-derived thymidine kinase [TK]) and immunostimulatory (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand [Flt3L]) transgenes elicited immune-mediated long-term survival in a syngeneic intracranial GBM model in rodents. However, the lack of a large GBM animal model makes it difficult to predict the outcome of therapies in humans. Dogs develop spontaneous GBM that closely resemble the human disease; therefore, they constitute an excellent large animal model. We assayed the transduction efficiency of adenoviral vectors (Ads) encoding beta-galactosidase (betaGal), TK, …

Recruiting And Retaining Gps And Patients In Intervention Studies: The Deps-Gp Project As A Case Study, M Williamson, J Pirkis, J Pfaff, O Tyson, Moira Sim, N Kerse, N Lautenschlager, N Stocks, O Almeida

Research outputs pre 2011

Background: Recruiting and retaining GPs for research can prove difficult, and may result in sub-optimal patient participation where GPs are required to recruit patients. Low participation rates may affect the validity of research. This paper describes a multi-faceted approach to maximise participation of GPs and their patients in intervention studies, using an Australian randomised controlled trial of a depression/suicidality management intervention as a case study. The paper aims to outline experiences that may be of interest to others considering engaging GPs and/or their patients in primary care studies. Methods: A case study approach is used to describe strategies for: (a) …

Outcomes Of Peginterferon Alfa-2a And Ribavirin Combination Therapy In A Resident-Initiated, Multidisciplinary, Hepatitis C Clinic, Nicole M. Agostino Do, Erini Vasiliadis Do, K Nadeem Ahmed Md, Suzanne J. Templer Do, Edward R. Norris Md, Fapa, Fapm, Charles M. Brooks Md, Eric J. Gertner Md, Mph, Joseph L. Yozviak Do, Facp

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.