Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Effects Of Exercise On Inflammation, Circulating Tumor Cells, And Circulating Tumor Dna In Colorectal Cancer, Justin C. Brown, Stephanie L. Compton, Andrew Kang, Anjana Jayaraman, L Anne Gilmore, Brian J. Kirby, Frank L. Greenway, Shengping Yang, Guillaume Spielmann

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The biological mechanisms by which postdiagnosis physical activity improves disease-free survival in colorectal cancer survivors remain incompletely understood. This trial tested the hypothesis that 12 wk of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, when compared with a control group, would change inflammation, CTCs, and ctDNA in a manner consistent with an improved cancer prognosis. METHODS: This trial randomized Stages I-III colorectal cancer survivors to 12 wk of home-based moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or a waitlist control group. The co-primary endpoints were high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), secondary endpoints were soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 2 (sTNFαR2) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs), …

Female Patients Report Comparable Results To Males After The Implantation Of An Aragonite-Based Scaffold For The Treatment Of Knee Chondral And Osteochondral Defects: A Gender-Based Analysis Of A Rct At 4 Years' Follow-Up., Elizaveta Kon, Francesca De Caro, Vinod Dasa, Jason M Scopp, Berardo Di Matteo, David Flanigan, Nogah Shabshin, Sabrina Strickland, Nir Altschuler

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

High Rate Of Complications With Exchange Nailing For Femoral Nonunions, Benjamin Averkamp, Ziqing Yu, Julia C. Mastracci, Matthew J. Braswell, Andrew T. Chen, Luke A. Lopas, Ishani Sharma, Hassan Farooq, Hassan Mir, Jessica Rivera, Rachel B. Seymour, Joseph R. Hsu, Evidence-Based Musculoskeletal Injury & Trauma Collaborative, Robert D. Zura, Marc Schatz, Et Al

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objectives: To evaluate rates of nonunion repair, osseous healing, and outcomes in femoral nonunions with contemporary healing. Design: Retrospective review. Setting: Five academic level 1 trauma centers. Patients/Participants: This study includes adult patients (age older than 18) seen at one of the participating institutions between 2012 and 2019 who sustained a femur fracture (OTA/AO 31, 32, 33) initially treated with intramedullary fixation that developed nonunion and were treated with exchange nailing for the index nonunion surgery. Seventy-nine patients with femoral nonunion met inclusion criteria. Intervention: Exchange nailing for treatment of femoral nonunion. Main Outcome Measurements: The primary outcome measure was …

The Impact Of Testosterone Therapy On The Vaginal Microbiota Of Transgender Men And Non-Binary People: A Prospective Study, Olivia T. Van Gerwen, Kristal J. Aaron, Emma Sophia Kay, Krishmita Siwakoti, Angela Pontius, Saralyn Richter, Z Alex Sherman, Keonte J. Graves, Ashutosh Tamhane, Jacob H. Elnaggar, Meng Luo, Evelyn Toh, David E. Nelson, Nicholas J. Van Wagoner, Christopher M. Taylor, Christina A. Muzny

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Understanding the impact of testosterone on the vaginal microbiota of transgender men (TGM) and non-binary people assigned female sex at birth over time is imperative as vaginal dysbiosis and incident bacterial vaginosis (iBV) may cause bothersome genital symptoms and increase HIV/STI acquisition risk. We investigated shifts in the composition of the vaginal microbiota over time in TGM initiating testosterone for gender-affirming hormone therapy, including development of vaginal dysbiosis and iBV.

METHODS: Participants ages ≥18 years, assigned female sex at birth and reporting TGM or non-binary identity, interested in starting injectable testosterone, demonstrating optimal vaginal microbiota, with no current STI(s) …

Going Green In Dermatology, Rahib K. Islam, Victoria T. Tong, Shari R. Lipner

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Reducing Medical Waste, George M. Jeha, Stanislav N. Tolkachjov

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Association Of Knee Osteoarthritis Treatment Types, Patient Characteristics, And Medical History With Subsequent Risk For Total Knee Arthroplasty: Data From A New Real-World Registry, Andrew L. Concoff, Jennifer H. Lin, Andrew I. Spitzer, Vinod Dasa, Adam Rivadeneyra, David Rogenmoser, Mitchell K. Ng, Mary Digiorgi, Stan Dysart, Joshua Urban, William M. Mihalko, Michael A. Mont

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: This article examines predictors of subsequent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) within 6 months of nonoperative intervention based on (1) patient demographics; (2) knee osteoarthritis (OA) severity; and (3) various nonoperative treatments (cryoneurolysis with superficial or deep genicular nerve block, intra-articular [IA] hyaluronic acid injections, nonsteroidal inflammatory drug injections, IA-corticosteroids injections, or IA-triamcinolone extended-release [IA-TA-ER] injections). METHODS: Patients who had unilateral knee OA and received nonoperative intervention were identified in the Innovations in Genicular Outcomes Research registry between September 2021 and February 2024, identifying 505 patients. Baseline patient demographics were tabulated by knee OA severity as graded by Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) …

Summary From The Nci Clinical Trials Planning Meeting On Next Generation Of Clinical Trials In Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer, Andrea Apolo, Brian C. Baumann, Hikmat Al-Ahmadie, Leslie Ballas, Rick Bangs, Kenneth Brothers, Stephanie Cooper Greenberg, Scott Delacroix, James J. Dignam, Jason A. Efstathiou, Adam S. Feldman, Jared C. Foster, Noah M. Hahn, Emma Hall, Donna E. Hansel, Jean Hoffman-Censits, Ashish M. Kamat, Sophia C. Kamran, Francesca Khani, Seth P. Lerner, Robert Lipman, Bhupinder Mann, David Mcconkey, James Mckiernan, Tracy L. Rose, Angela B. Smith, Catherine Tangen, Abdul Tawab Amiri, Chana Weinstock, Et Al

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The National Cancer Institute organized a virtual Clinical Trials Planning Meeting (CTPM) on 'Defining the next generation of clinical trials with combination therapies in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC)' led by the Bladder Cancer Task Force of the NCI Genitourinary Cancers Steering Committee. The purpose of this meeting was to accelerate advances in clinical trials for patients with high-risk NMIBC. The meeting delivered a multidisciplinary expert consensus on optimal strategies for next-generation clinical trial designs in NMIBC with prioritization of combination therapies. Two clinical trial concepts were developed for potential implementation within the National Clinical Trials Network.

Effect Of Steroids On The Progression Of Alzheimer's Dementia: A Retrospective Chart Review., Julijana Zoran Conic, Alexandra Chetty, Lily Chen, Audrey Marsh, Sean Barry, Rodney Pattabhi, Thomas Reske, Erwin Aguilar, Lobna Ali

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent age‐related neurodegenerative disease that affects millions of individuals in the United States. Neuroinflammation is a driver of the neurodegenerative changes that characterize AD, prompting interest in how inflammation can be modulated for treatment and prevention. Methods: ICD‐10 codes were quarried from electronic medical records to identify patients diagnosed with AD from 2012 to 2020. The patients were then divided into those who used systemic steroids and those who did not before the progression of their disease. Data on medication prescribed was used to measure the disease's progression. Clinical findings and laboratory results were …

The First International Experience With Histotripsy: A Safety Analysis Of 230 Cases, Chase J. Wehrle, Kevin Burns, Evan Ong, Allison Couillard, Neehar D. Parikh, Elaine Caoili, Jaekeun Kim, Federico Aucejo, Andrea Schlegel, Emily Knott, Paul Laeseke, J Philip Boudreaux, Philipp Von Breitenbuch, Mikhail Silk, Mohamed Alassas, Andrew Guzowski, Brian Fuller, Erica Knavel Koepsel, Brock Hewitt, Mishal Mendiratta-Lala, David C. Kwon

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Histotripsy is a novel, noninvasive, nonionizing, and nonthermal approach that uses focused ultrasound waves to treat liver tumors. This technology received a de novo Food and Drug Administration grant in late 2023. This study aimed to provide the first report on post-trial real-world clinical safety data. METHODS: Safety outcomes within 30 days of histotripsy were collected after obtaining Food and Drug Administration clearance (December 22, 2023 to July 26, 2024). All centers that performed histotripsy were invited to participate in this study. Complications requiring treatment were graded using the Clavien-Dindo classification and Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI). RESULTS: A total …

Longitudinal Changes In Positive Airway Pressure Device Use After Metabolic Surgery: A 3-Year Matched Cohort Study Of National Claims Data, Michael Kachmar, Elizabeth Wall-Wieler, Yuki Liu, Feibi Zheng, Prachi Singh, Vance L. Albaugh

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Metabolic surgery (MS) is the most durable treatment of obesity and can treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OBJECTIVES: To compare trajectories of positive airway pressure (PAP) device use between individuals who had MS and similar individuals who did not have MS (non-MS). SETTING: Merative MarketScan Research Databases - a US-based commercial claims database. METHODS: Those who underwent MS were matched 1:1 with nonoperative controls on baseline demographic and health characteristics. PAP use trajectories were examined in the 3years after the index dates and stratified by baseline PAP use. RESULTS: A total of 8772 adults who had MS were matched …

Trichosporon Asahii And Candida Guilliermondii As A Source Of Orbital Infection In An Immunocompromised Individual, David Morcos, Kevin Hardy, Anthony Makovec, Morgan Schill, John Foxworth

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

A 47-year-old male with a history of immunosuppression and recent intensive care unit admission presented with progressive orbital swelling and pain. Blood cultures grew Trichosporon asahii and Candida guilliermondii, with matching positive cultures from peripheral and central venous samples. Given his fungemia and worsening orbital involvement, induction therapy with amphotericin B and isavuconazole was initiated. Within weeks, clinical improvement was noted, prompting a transition to long-term consolidation therapy with oral posaconazole and isavuconazole. At follow-up, the patient demonstrated sustained clinical stability with no recurrence of infection. Orbital involvement from fungemia due to T. asahii and C. guilliermondii is rare, and …

Editorial: Review Of Hyperbaric Therapy & Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy In The Treatment Of Neurological Disorders According To Dose Of Pressure And Hyperoxia, Paul G. Harch, George Mychaskiw, John H. Zhang, Dominic P. D'Agostino, Keith Van Meter, Enrico M. Camporesi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Exploring Mental Health In Veterinary Students: Common Stressors And Effective Coping Strategies: A Narrative Review, Rahib K. Islam, Emily K. Cobb, Hannah K. Mccowan, Kylie Watson, Kaustuv Bhattacharya, Anjali Chandra, Warda Mohiuddin, Karen Gruszynski, Amanda H. Wilkerson, John J. Dascanio, Robert E. Davis, Vinayak K. Nahar

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Veterinary students face significant challenges impacting their mental health and wellbeing. The rigorous academic curriculum, high expectations, and demanding clinical training create an environment of intense pressure and constant stress. This review explores the demographic and psychosocial variables influencing mental health outcomes, highlighting common stressors and coping strategies. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, CAB Abstracts, and Google Scholar. Studies published up to 2021 involving veterinary students were included. Twenty-one peer-reviewed studies met the inclusion criteria. Demographic data, stressors, mental health measures, and coping strategies were extracted and analyzed. Studies focused on various mental health aspects, …

Trends Of Opioid Use Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion: A 10-Year Longitudinal Study Of The Veterans Health Administration, Andrew M. Gabig, Paymon G. Rezaii, Sean C. Clark, Bela P. Delvadia, Olivia C. Lee, William F. Sherman, Mathew Cyriac

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The United States Veteran Health Administration (VHA) cares for a substantial group of patients who are at higher risk of substance abuse in comparison to the general population. The purpose of this study was to (1) examine opioid consumption in the veteran population both pre- and postoperatively to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and (2) understand the risk factors that are associated with sustained postoperative opioid use. METHODS: A retrospective database study was conducted using the Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure database. Patients who underwent ACDF between 2010 and 2020 were identified and stratified into 3 groups …

Rectus Abdominis Repair Compared To Posterior Wall Mesh Reinforcement In Athletes With Sportsman's Hernia: A Systematic Review, Jonathan Mckeeman, Benjamin Johnson, Jessica C. Rivera

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Athletic pubalgia is a relatively uncommon injury that is not fully understood. There are few high-level studies comparing treatments of athletic pubalgia, and this investigation seeks to utilize original articles to compare two common techniques for treatment of athletic pubalgia. The purpose of this study is to compare two prominent procedures, i.e., rectus abdominus repair and posterior wall reinforcement, through a systematic review. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were identified and then applied to search strategies in PubMed and MEDLINE. Two reviewers screened articles based on the agreed-upon criteria in a primary screen of titles and abstracts and a secondary screen of full-text …

Celebrating World Cancer Day: Innovative Biological Approaches To Cancer And Their Alignment With Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs), Hamed Kioumarsi, Bolin Liu

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Guide To Diagnosis And Management Of Hypertrichosis, Rahib K. Islam, Victoria T. Tong, Shari R. Lipner

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Hypertrichosis is a phenotype characterized by excessive hair growth in areas not typically prone to dense hair coverage. It may be congenital or acquired, and has significant clinical and psychosocial implications, often leading to psychological distress and social stigmatization. Diagnostic approaches emphasize the importance of thorough clinical evaluation and differentiation from hirsutism. Treatment options include topical and systemic treatments, as well as mechanical methods and laser therapies. Special considerations are given to pediatric patients regarding the psychosocial aspects of the phenotype. This review aims to provide physicians and researchers with a thorough understanding of hypertrichosis to facilitate better diagnosis, treatment, …

Management Of Hip Fracture Patients On Direct Oral Anticoagulants: A Survey Of Orthopaedic Trauma Surgeons, Systematic Review, And Meta-Analysis, Clay Spitler, Robert Rutz, Nigel Blackwood, Meghan Wally, Joseph Johnson, Peter Krause, Jaimo Ahn, Zuhair Mohammed, Mark Mcclure, Rebecca Billings, Ziqing Yu, Matthew Yeager

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: This systematic review examined the literature regarding management of fracture patients who take direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) medications, with a focus on delay in surgical treatment, and need for transfusions. In addition, a survey of orthopaedic trauma surgeons was conducted to gain insight on current practices. DATA SOURCES: A review of PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Scopus databases was performed from inception through March 2024, including English language publications. STUDY SELECTION: Studies were included if they reported time to surgery and transfusion rates among fracture patents who were taking DOAC medications. Additional data points were collected on an "if-reported" basis, …

Clinical Outcomes In Patients With Cystic Fibrosis Receiving Cftr Modulators: A Comparison Of Childhood Versus Adolescent Initiation, Eman A. Toraih, Hassan A. Malik, Rahib K. Islam, Humza A. Pirzadah, Ahmed Abdelmaksoud, Rami M. Elshazli, Paul Antwi Boasiako, Shehab Ahmed Alenazi, Angelique Dabel, Jessan A. Jishu, Bandar T. Alenezi, Hani Aiash, Manal S. Fawzy

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting genetic disorder affecting multiple organ systems. This study compared clinical outcomes, hospitalization rates, and survival between children and adolescents with CF who received CFTR modulator therapies (ivacaftor, lumacaftor, tezacaftor, and elexacaftor). METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the TriNetX global collaborative network. Patients with CF aged 2-12 years (children) and 13-18 years (adolescents) who received CFTR modulator therapies were included. The propensity score matching balanced baseline characteristics between the two age groups. RESULTS: After propensity score matching, 946 patients per group were analyzed. The incidence of respiratory failure (3.81% …

Beyond Checkpoint Inhibitors: The Three Generations Of Immunotherapy, John Schaub, Shou-Ching Tang

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Anti-tumor immunotherapy was rediscovered and rejuvenated in the last two decades with the discovery of CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 and the roles in inhibiting immune function and tumor evasion of anti-tumor immune response. Following the approval of the first checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab against CTLA-4 in melanoma in 2011, there has been a rapid development of tumor immunotherapy. Furthermore, additional positive and negative molecules among the T-cell regulatory systems have been identified that that function to fine tune the stimulatory or inhibitory immune cells and modulate their functions (checkpoint modulators). Many strategies are being explored to target macrophages, NK-cells, cytotoxic T-cells, …

A Non-Toxic Analgesic Elicits Cell-Specific Genomic And Epigenomic Modulation By Targeting The Pag Brain Region, Hernan A. Bazan, Brian L. Giles, Surjyadipta Bhattacharjee, Scott Edwards, Nicolas G. Bazan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Acetaminophen (ApAP) is widely used for pain management, but overuse or overdose leads to hepatotoxicity, making it the leading cause of acute liver failure globally. There is an urgent need for safer pain medications, as other non-opioid analgesics like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are nephrotoxic. We have identified SRP-001 as a safer, non-hepatotoxic, novel analgesic that overcomes ApAP's limitations by avoiding NAPQI formation and preserving hepatic tight junctions. Using coupled RNA and ATAC sequencing, from the periaqueductal gray (PAG) midbrain region, we compared the genetic and epigenetic signatures of SRP-001 and ApAP treatments following complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain …

Multi-Modal Neo-Adjuvant Anti-Obesity Medications May Be More Effective Than Medically Supervised Weight Loss Or Glp-1 Therapy Alone In Preparing Bmi ≥ 70 Patients For Metabolic Surgery, Michael Kachmar, Florina Corpodean, Iryna Popiv, Kyle B. Lapenna, Denise M. Danos, Michael W. Cook, Brian A. Saunders, Jean J. Domercant, Vance L. Albaugh, Philip R. Schauer

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background/objectives: Optimizing patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 70 kg/m² for metabolic surgery (MS) is challenging. However, pre-operative weight loss may be important for improving the safety of MS for these high-risk patients. Multi-modal anti-obesity medications (mmAOM) may enhance preoperative weight loss compared to non-pharmacologic medically supervised weight loss (NP-MSWL) or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist monotherapy (Mono-GLP-1) alone. Subjects/methods: This retrospective study analyzed 113 patients with BMI ≥ 70 kg/m² at a single metabolic disease treatment institute. Interventions/methods: Patients were categorized into NP-MSWL (n = 13), Mono-GLP-1 (n = 54), and mmAOM (n = 46) groups. The primary …

Alcohol-Induced Gut Microbial Reorganization And Associated Overproduction Of Phenylacetylglutamine Promotes Cardiovascular Disease, Zhen Li, Min Gu, Aline Zaparte, Xiaoming Fu, Kala Mahen, Marko Mrdjen, Xinmin S. Li, Zhihong Yang, Jing Ma, Themis Thoudam, Kristina Chandler, Maggie Hesler, Laura Heathers, Kiersten Gorse, Thanh Trung Van, David Wong, Aaron M. Gibson, Zeneng Wang, Christopher M. Taylor, Pearl Quijada, Catherine A. Makarewich, Stanley L. Hazen, Suthat Liangpunsakul, J Mark Brown, David J. Lefer, David A. Welsh, Thomas E. Sharp

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The mechanism(s) underlying gut microbial metabolite (GMM) contribution towards alcohol-mediated cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unknown. Herein we observe elevation in circulating phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln), a known CVD-associated GMM, in individuals living with alcohol use disorder. In a male murine binge-on-chronic alcohol model, we confirm gut microbial reorganization, elevation in PAGln levels, and the presence of cardiovascular pathophysiology. Fecal microbiota transplantation from pair-/alcohol-fed mice into naïve male mice demonstrates the transmissibility of PAGln production and the CVD phenotype. Independent of alcohol exposure, pharmacological-mediated increases in PAGln elicits direct cardiac and vascular dysfunction. PAGln induced hypercontractility and altered calcium cycling in isolated cardiomyocytes …

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cutaneous Adverse Events: Mechanisms Of Occurrence, Abdulaziz M. Eshaq, Thomas W. Flanagan, Abdulqader A. Ba Abbad, Zain Alabden A. Makarem, Mohammed S. Bokir, Ahmed K. Alasheq, Sara A. Al Asheikh, Abdullah M. Almashhor, Faroq Binyamani, Waleed A. Al-Amoudi, Abdulaziz S. Bawzir, Youssef Haikel, Mossad Megahed, Mohamed Hassan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Immunotherapy, particularly that based on blocking checkpoint proteins in many tumors, including melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), triple-negative breast (TNB cancer), renal cancer, and gastrointestinal and endometrial neoplasms, is a therapeutic alternative to chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapies have the potential to target different pathways leading to the destruction of cancer cells. Although ICIs are an effective treatment strategy for patients with highly immune-infiltrated cancers, the development of different adverse effects including cutaneous adverse effects during and after the treatment with ICIs is common. ICI-associated cutaneous adverse effects include mostly inflammatory and bullous dermatoses, as …

Microbubble-Protected Oncolytic Virotherapy Targeted By Sonoporation Induces Tumor Necrosis And T-Lymphocyte Infiltration In Humanized Mice Bearing Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Juliana Sitta, Flavia De Carlo, Imani Kirven, John H. Tackett, Patrice Penfornis, George Clement Dobbins, Mallory Barbier, Luis Del Valle, Clayton T. Larsen, Ernest G. Schutt, Rhodemann Li, Candace M. Howard, Pier Paolo Claudio

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Oncolytic virotherapy has shown great promise in mediating targeted tumor destruction through tumor-selective replication and induction of anti-tumor immunity; however, obstacles remain for virus candidates to reach the clinic. These include avoiding neutralizing antibodies, preventing stimulation of the adaptive immune response during intravenous administration, and inducing sufficient apoptosis and immune activation so that the body's defense can work to eradicate systemic disease. We have developed a co-formulation of oncolytic viruses (OVs) with Imagent lipid-encapsulated, perfluorocarbon microbubbles (MBs) to protect the OVs from the innate and adaptive immune system. Once inside the MB, the viral particles become acoustically active such that …

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Mediated Weight Loss And Diabetes Mellitus Benefits: A Narrative Review, Alan D. Kaye, Nathan Lien, Christopher Vuong, Matthew H. Schmitt, Yusra Soorya, Bushirat A. Abubakar, Luke Muiznieks, Noah Embry, Harish Siddaiah, Adam M. Kaye, Sahar Shekoohi, Giustino Varrassi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are chronic diseases with increasing prevalence, underscoring the urgent need for effective treatment and management strategies. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have emerged as an essential class of drugs for managing both obesity and T2DM, offering additional benefits for cardiovascular and kidney health. GLP-1 RAs work by targeting GLP-1 receptors, mimicking the effects of the natural hormone GLP-1 to regulate blood glucose levels, promote weight loss, and provide potential benefits for cardiovascular health. This narrative review evaluates the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and broader roles of GLP-1 RAs in promoting weight …

The Percentage Of Sacroiliac Fusions Done In The U.S. By Non-Surgical Specialties Has Increased, Mathew Cyriac, Bela P. Delvadia, Julianna E. Winter, Jacob S. Budin, Olivia C. Lee, William F. Sherman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Surgical fusion of the sacroiliac (SI) joint is often performed to manage chronic lower back or buttock pain. When Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes were introduced, SI joint fusion procedures were done primarily by orthopaedic surgeons and neurosurgeons. The purpose of this study was to examine the utilization of SI joint fusion CPT codes by physician specialty over time. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the PearlDiver database. The database was queried using CPT codes to identify patients who underwent SI joint fusion via percutaneous, open, or trauma codes. Specialties queried included surgical specialties (orthopaedic surgery and …

Pancreaticoduodenectomy In Trauma Patients With Grade Iv-V Duodenal Or Pancreatic Injuries: A Post Hoc Analysis Of An East Multicenter Trial, Rachel Leah Choron, Charoo Piplani, Julia Kuzinar, Amanda L. Teichman, Christopher Bargoud, Jason D. Sciarretta, Randi N. Smith, Dustin Hanos, Iman N. Afif, Jessica H. Beard, Navpreet Kaur Dhillon, Ashling Zhang, Mira Ghneim, Rebekah Devasahayam, Oliver Gunter, Alison A. Smith, Brandi Sun, Chloe S. Cao, Jessica K. Reynolds, Lauren A. Hilt, Daniel N. Holena, Grace Chang, Meghan Jonikas, Karla Echeverria-Rosario, Nathaniel S. Fung, Aaron Anderson, Caitlin A. Fitzgerald, Ryan Peter Dumas, Jeremy H. Levin, Et Al

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: The utility of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for high-grade traumatic injuries remains unclear and data surrounding its use are limited. We hypothesized that PD does not result in improved outcomes when compared with non-PD surgical management of grade IV-V pancreaticoduodenal injuries. METHODS: This is a retrospective, multicenter analysis from 35 level 1 trauma centers from January 2010 to December 2020. Included patients were ≥ 15 years of age with the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grade IV-V duodenal and/or pancreatic injuries. The study compared operative repair strategy: PD versus non-PD. RESULTS: The sample (n=95) was young (26 years), male …

Maresin-Like 1 Ameliorates Neuropathology Of Alzheimer's Disease In Brains Of A Transgenic Mouse Model, Pallavi Shrivastava, Yan Lu, Shanchun Su, Yuichi Kobayashi, Yuhai Zhao, Nathan Lien, Abdul-Razak Masoud, Walter J. Lukiw, Song Hong

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

(1) Background: Impeded resolution of inflammation contributes substantially to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD); consequently, resolving inflammation is pivotal to the amelioration of AD pathology. This can potentially be achieved by the treatment with specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), which should resolve neuroinflammation in brains. (2) Methods: Here, we report the histological effects of long-term treatment with an SPM, maresin-like 1 (MarL1), on AD pathogenesis in a transgenic 5xFAD mouse model. (3) Results: MarL1 treatment reduced Aβ overload, curbed the loss of neurons in brains especially cholinergic neurons associated with cleaved-caspase-3-associated apoptotic degeneration, reduced microgliosis and the pro-inflammatory M1 …