Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Motivated Breast Cancer Screening Behavior And Its Cultural Antecedents, Patricia M. Flynn

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Discrepancies in breast cancer screening behavior exist among various ethnic groups in the United States (Jacobs & Lauderdale, 2001), with Latino American women reporting particularly low screening rates in comparison to Anglo American women (ACS, 2002). Research indicates that behavior is in part influenced by aspects of culture and relevant psychological processes (Betancourt & Lopez, 1993; Betancourt & Fuentes, 2001). This study was designed to investigate the relations among cultural values, attributions regarding the causes for not screening, related emotions, expectancy that screening leads to early detection and value incentive of early detection as determinants of breast cancer screening intention …

Cbct Panoramic Images Vs. Traditional Panoramic Radiographs, Sunny Young Hutchinson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this research was to compare the accuracy of angular measurements of the panoramic image of the Newtom 9000™ Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) with the Sirona™ Orthophos panoramic unit. The study was separated into three parts: phantom study, patient study, and archform study. The phantom study used fabricated phantom typodonts to compare angular measurements between the Newtom 9000™ panoramic image and the Sirona™ panoramic radiograph. Accuracies of the measurements were then determined by comparing the values to the actual phantom typodont. No marked differences in angular measurements were recorded for the phantom typodont using either of the …

Cultural Value Orientations, Attributions, And Breast Cancer Screening Behaviors, Patricia M. Flynn

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Discrepancies in breast cancer screening behavior exist among various ethnic groups in the United States (Jacobs & Lauderdale, 2001), with Latino American women reporting particularly low screening rates in comparison to Anglo American women (ACS, 2002). Research indicates that behavior is in part influenced by aspects of culture and relevant psychological processes (Betancourt & Lopez, 1993; Betancourt & Fuentes, 2001). This study was designed to investigate the relations among cultural values, attributional processes, and breast cancer screening behavior among Anglo and Latino women. This study also investigated the influence of acculturation among Latino women in relation to the other study …

Prevalence Of Degenerative Joint Disease In A Pre-Orthodontic Adolescent Sample, Marie Mansour

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this research was to determine a prevalence of degenerative joint disease in our pre-orthodontic adolescent patients age ten through seventeen. The prevalence was assessed according to gender. Severity of DJD was established for each patient and a "red flag" for diagnosis was identified. The purpose was also to establish norms for joint space for patients with and without degenerative joint disease. Correlations to distal condyle position and angle classification were described. 123 consecutive patients, 77 female and 46 male T1 NewTom records were reviewed. Severity of DJD was classified according to none, mild, moderate, and severe. Sagittal …

Cone Beam Ct And Digital Radiography. A Comparative Study Of P/A Cephalometrics., Michael John Erickson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine if Rickett's posterio-anterior (P/A) cephalogram measurements could be obtained from Cone Beam Computerized Tomographic (CBCT) images taken on the NewTom QR-DVT 9000™.

Fifteen frontal cephalometric radiographs were chosen for good image quality, with no regard for patient age or gender. Each cephalogram was traced three times by the same operator using ZeroBase™ software. Landmarks were located and measured according to the Rickett's frontal analysis technique. Methods were devised for obtaining analogous measurements using CBCT images on the same group of patients.

Measurements obtained using CBCT correlated well with those obtained using the …

Effect Of Anti-Tgfß1 And Pycnogenol® On Scar Formation In Rats, Pilseong Kim

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Wound healing is a complex biologic process that involves chemotaxis and division of cells, neovascularization, synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins, and remodeling of the repaired tissues. Of equal importance is the restoration of normal tissue structure and function without scar formation. The aim of this study was to find out the clinical effects of anti-TGFß1 and Pycnogenol® on scarless wound healing on rat skin.

An acute incision wound model was used with 20 healthy rats. Four incisions were made on each rat's skin and 4 different variables were applied by local infiltration. The four variables were anti-TGFß1, Pycnogenol®, PBS, and …

Detection Of Bacteria To Dental Tissue By Low-Light Imaging, G-Hong Robert Hsu

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Bacteria have been shown to play an important role in the development of pulp and periradicular disease. The source of the infective bacteria is most often the oral cavity. Previous studies have detected bacteria in teeth that are structurally intact that seemingly have no communication intraorally. Anachoresis has been proposed as a mechanism for localizing circulating bacteria to such teeth. In several previous bacteriologic anachoresis studies, bacteria have been found to localize in inflamed dental tissues. The criticism most commonly associated with these investigations has been the potential contribution of contaminant bacteria resulting in false positive findings.

Low-light image analysis …

Measured Effects Of Rapid Palatal Expansion On Nasal Cavity Volume Utilizing Cbct, Jon Neal Robinson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and predict the expected changes that occur in the nasal cavity volume following rapid palatal expansion. Eighteen subjects (11 female, 7 male), ages 9 to 18, requiring rapid palatal expansion in conjunction with comprehensive orthodontic treatment, were selected for the study. Rapid palatal expansion was accomplished using the standard, banded hyrax appliance. Three-dimensional cone beam computed tomograms using the NewTom 9000™ were acquired before and after expansion. Serial coronal slices of the nasal cavity were made using the QV9000™ software program. The resultant serial images were imported into 3-D Doctor™ for analysis …

Comparison Of Bracket Bond Strength By Total, Self-Etch And Laser Treatment, Kyo Sung Shawn Kim

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Laser etching of enamel surfaces alters the physical and chemical characteristics of the enamel. These changes in characteristics enhance the bonding to enamel. The purpose of this study was to compare the shear and tensile bond strength of Er,Cr:YSGG hydrokinetic laser system (Biolase) with 37% phosphoric acid and self etching primer 30 minutes and 72 hours after bonding. Four different laser power output setting was observed: 1.5W, 2.0W, 2.5W, and 3.0W. Two hundred forty bovine teeth free of defect, caries, and dentin exposure were mounted in acrylic resin and divided into 24 groups of 10 teeth. Sixteen groups of 10 …

The Radiopacity Of 29 Resin Restorative Materials Compared To Enamel, Peter Lubisich Iv

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The radiodensity of a composite resin can greatly influence a clinician's ability to analyze a restoration for failure. The purpose of this study was to determine the relative radiopacities of 29 resin restorative materials compared to enamel, and to verify the comparable radiopacity between shades of 23 of the restorative composite resin materials. Composite resin discs measuring >5mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness were made and polymerized. Radiographs were taken of the composite resin discs, which included an aluminum step wedge for calibration and a densitometer was used to measure the radiodensity of the composite resin samples. The …

Synovial Fluid Hydrostatic Pressure In The Tmj After Mandibular Advancement In Sus Scrofa, Samuel A. Demirdji

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Mandibular advancement is performed in patients routinely by traditional bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) or less commonly by distraction osteogenesis (DO). The influence of mandibular advancement on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is well recognized but not fully explored. This study involved the direct measurement of synovial fluid hydrostatic pressure (SFHP) in the TMJ after mandibular advancement by either BSSO or DO in two male mature minipigs, Sus scrofa. Titanium pressure transducers were inserted into the right superior temporomandibular joint spaces of the minipigs and the measurements were displayed on an AC/DC amplifier. The first minipig underwent BSSO, which involved immediate …

Effects Of Mtad On Some Physical Properties Of Enamel And Dentin, Tanya Kristina Machnick

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Recently, a Mixture of Tetracycline, an Acid, and a Detergent (MTAD) has been advocated to remove smear layer and disinfect canals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of MTAD the flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of dentin as well as its effect on the bond strength to enamel and dentin. In Part I, dentin bars were randomly assigned to eight groups treated either with various concentrations of NaOCl (5.25%, 2.65%, 1.31%, 0.66%), 17% EDTA, MTAD, saline, or according to a clinical protocol with 1.3% NaOCl and then 5 min of MTAD. …

Bond Strengths Of Three Orthodontic Adhesives For Direct And Indirect Bonding, Aaron Rondon

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The technique of bonding orthodontic brackets utilizing a transfer tray, otherwise known as indirect bonding, is a dichotomous subject. It allows for more accurate bracket placement and reduced chair time for the patient and doctor, yet its technique sensitivity can yield bracket failures at the time of tray removal. With the recent development of 3M's Sondhi Rapid Set, an adhesive specifically designed for orthodontic bonding, the purpose of this study was to compare this fairly new indirect adhesive with 3M's Transbond XT and Reliance's Rely-A-Bond.

Two hundred and seventy freshly extracted bovine teeth were mounted in acrylic resin and divided …

Linder-Aronson S Analysis Using Rhinomanometry And Newtom, Noel Moser

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Investigations into the effects of airway patency on craniofacial development are essential to ensure that interceptive orthodontic treatment provides the maximum benefit to the patient. The aims of this study were to (1) compare the size of the nasopharyngeal airway space on lateral cephalometric and 3D volumetric radiographs to determine if volumetric scans can be of greater diagnostic value than a lateral cephalometric film in determining the degree of airway blockage or patency and (2) to examine the correlation between functional airway resistance, as evaluated by rhinomanometry, and radiographic constriction due to nasal turbinate and adenoid size.

Twenty-eight subjects from …

Comparative Methods Of Measurement To Evaluate Onplant Assisted Anchorage, Marc Reid Larson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to compare the two-dimensional cephalometric and the three-dimensional tomographic radiographic methods in their ability to assess anatomic measurements while using the Onplant anchoring device in anterior retraction cases.

The Onplant was surgically placed beneath the periosteum of the hard palate. After osseointegration the Onplant was then uncovered and attached to the first molars by means of a transpalatal bar. Conventional orthodontic treatment was then used to retract the anterior teeth after 1^st premolars were extracted.

To evaluate the movement of the Onplant, a three-dimensional measuring tool was needed. Seven different measurements were made …

Patient Satisfaction And Effectiveness Of A New Resin Used To Bumper Orthodontic Brackets, Timothy B. Elison

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Fear of pain is a key factor in discouraging patients from seeking orthodontic treatment, with many patients discontinuing treatment due to pain experienced in the early stages of treatment. Patients often complain of traumatized lips and buccal mucosa, which is usually caused by the brackets. Orthodontists try to minimize this pain and discomfort by using bumpering materials. Although wax is the most commonly used product, there are many bracket bumpering materials available.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and patient comfort/satisfaction of a new flowable resin, Ortho Shield, designed to protect the lips and …

Fracture Properties Of Different Orthodontic Bonding Materials, Daryl Lynden Proctor

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Spontaneous debonding has proven a constant problem since the introduction of bonded orthodontic brackets in the early 1960's by Newman¹.

Components in classic bond strength testing are the bracket, the adhesive, the adhesive curing method, the type of teeth used, and the test method. These tests lead to extensive and compounding variables that make it difficult to evaluate the performance of any of the components individually.

The purpose of this study was to compare several contemporary orthodontic bonding adhesives by testing the physical and mechanical characteristics of the adhesives alone. Material properties compared were sonic and tensile measurements …

Optimum Bonding Time Of Four Different Curing Lights, Nathan Don Cotten

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

With the development of new high-intensity curing lights, the time required to bond orthodontic brackets is steadily decreasing. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum curing time for bonding orthodontic brackets using four different visible curing lights (Standard Optilux 501, High Intensity Optilux 501 with Turbo Tip, Virtuoso Plasma Arc, and ESPE LED light). This study also tested the new generation of light emitting diode (LED) lights to determine if they can be used for bonding orthodontic brackets. Three hundred freshly extracted bovine teeth were mounted in acrylic resin and divided into 20 groups of 15 teeth …

Disinfection Of Dentin By Intracanal Laser Irradiation: An In Vitro Model, Silvia Cristina Mafra Cecchini

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A possible cause for root canal failure is the persistence of bacteria that have colonized dentinal tubules. To reduce this risk and, if possible, to also shorten the time consuming endodontic therapy, new equipment and materials are constantly being introduced. The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of disinfection of dentinal tubules by intracanal laser irradiation using an in vitro model. The groups irradiated by various lasers were compared with calcium hydroxide, a material frequently used as intracanal medication between appointments. Freshly extracted, intact bovine incisors were used. The root cementum was removed and the teeth …

An Evaluation Of The Short And Long Term Effects Of Quad Helix Expansion, Sonja F. Finnie

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study was conducted to examine, retrospectively, orthodontic and orthopedic changes resulting from quad helix expansion therapy in mixed and permanent dentition stages. Twenty-one subjects with an average age of 10.2 years who experienced an expansion of at least 3 mm with the quad helix appliance were selected for this study. The subjects were evaluated according to facial type and age for both short and long-term stability. Plaster dental casts and posteroanterior (frontal) radiographs were evaluated at the beginning of treatment (T1), at the completion of Phase 1 or full treatment (T2), and approximately two years following the completion of …

Failure Mode Of An Orthodontic Resin Alone And With Bonded Brackets, Marc Cody Dunn

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Since the introduction of bonded orthodontic brackets in the early 1960's spontaneous debonding has been a constant nemesis. Most attempts to avoid this problem by orthodontic manufactures have focused on "bond strength" issue. Whether they chose to address the materials, the bracket base or both, the common method used to evaluate improvements entailed the use of just one testing apparatus: a static universal testing machine such as the Instron.

Metal, ceramic and plastic bonded brackets were tested with the traditional shear/peel method as well as a new high strain rate impact test. The resin itself was also evaluated for physical …

Clinical Debonding Simulation Study Of One Metal And Two Ceramic Brackets, Hyunsup Shim

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study is to compare two mechanical debonding methods on ceramic brackets (TP MXi and 3M Clarity) and a metal bracket (GAC OmniArch) with four different bonding materials (light-cured, one-step chemical-cured, two-step chemical-cured, and Fuji GIC) in clinical simulation, where the diametral force was applied on the handle of the pliers. The effectiveness of mechanical debonding technique was determined by evaluating the following variables: the amount of force required to debond the bracket, the amount of residual adhesive remaining on the enamel surface, the frequency of unexpected bracket failure, and the prevalence of visible enamel damage. The …

Establishing Norms For A Mexican Group Using Ricketts, Steiner And Arnett Analyses, Mauricio Gonzalez Balut

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Most existing cephalometric analyses are based on norms for the Caucasian population. Therefore, they cannot be properly applied for Mexican or Hispanic patients. Ethnic variations in the normal positions of the maxilla and mandible influence and alter the diagnosis and treatment plan for each of the different type of malocclusions. Previous studies have addressed the difference between the Caucasian norms and the Hispanic norms, this indicates the variety of their skeletal, dental and facial features.

It is the purpose of this study to establish specific cephalometric standards for the native Mexican group, using the Steiner and Ricketts analyses along with …

A Cephalometric Study Of The Class Ii Correction Effects Of The Eureka Spring, Ernest L. Stromeyer

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The effect of the Eureka Spring appliance, was investigated on 37 consecutively treated, non compliant, bilateral Class II malocclusions, requiring at least 3 mm or more of additional molar correction. The mean pretreatment age of this sample was 13.9 years. All patients were treated by a single clinician utilizing the Eureka Spring. Lateral cephalographs were taken at start of orthodontic treatment (T1), at insertion of Eureka Springs (T2), and at removal of the Eureka Springs (T3). The average treatment interval between T2 and T3 was 4 months. Class II correction occurred almost entirely by dentoalveolar movement, 33% in the maxilla …

A Pilot Study On The Short Term Effects Of The Herbst Appliance On The Glenoid Fossa, David A. Bennion

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the initial effects of the Herbst appliance and determine through the use of common cephalometric radiographs that were optically enhanced and then digitally reproduced, if fossa migration is taking place. Fourteen, (6 male, 8 female), growing patients were treated by the same clinician for the correction of a Class II malocclusion using a modified Herbst appliance. Pretreatment (T₁) standard lateral cephalometric radiographs and post Herbst treatment (T_H) optically enhanced lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken. All radiographs were digitally captured and reproduced so 6 linear and 1 area …

An Animal Model For Development Of Pulpal Inflammation, John W. Masters

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Several animal models have been proposed to develop pulpal inflammation. Procedures recommended in these models have many variables and have not produced consistent results. The purpose of this study was to create pulpal inflammation using the Nd:YAG laser.

Forty-five cuspids of 12-18 month old beagle dogs were lased at 5, 7.5, and 10 watts (W) for 20 seconds with a 600 micron contact probe. Five cuspids were not lased but were used as controls. Following laser application, the teeth were extracted at intervals of 3, 7, and 30 days. They were then fixed in 10% formalin, decalcified, sectioned, and stained …

Treatment Effects Of The Edgewise Bioprogressive Herbst Appliance, Bernard C. Chang

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The effect of the Edgewise Bioprogressive Herbst appliance, as described by Dr. Terry Dischinger, was investigated on 24 Class II, Division 1 malocclusions. Mean pretreatment age of this sample was 11.2 months. All patients were treated by Dischinger with a Bioprogressive Herbst appliance. Lateral cephalographs taken before, after Herbst appliance therapy, and after edgewise treatment were traced, then digitized into Quick Ceph™. Measurements were computed by the computer software. The following results were found: 1) Average treatment time was 9 months. 2) An overcorrected Class I relationship was achieved. 3) Class II malocclusion was corrected by 4.5 mm skeletal alteration …

The Accuracy Of Computer Video Imaging Prediction : Just Prior To Surgical Mandibular Advancement/Genioplasty Orthognathic Cases, Jason T. Chiakowsky

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The accuracy of the computer video imaging treatment prediction was investigated using Quick Ceph Image.™ Thirty one surgical mandibular advancement/genioplasty orthognathic cases were examined to determine if the soft tissue profile prediction was representative of the actual result. All patients were over the age of 18. Lateral cephalographs and slides were taken immediately pre-surgically, and six months post-surgically. The slides were duplicated into 4X6 photographs. The cephalographs were digitized and the photographs captured by video on the Quick Ceph Image software program. A line drawing and computer video image treatment prediction were generated using the actual surgical change that had …

Mutagenecity Of Formocresol, Glutaraldehyde, Ferric Sulfate And Aluminum Chloride : Materials Used In Therapeutic Pulpotomies, Adolfo Barrera

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Ferric sulfate (Astringedent) and aluminum chloride (Hemodent) have been proposed as possible medicaments for use in primary teeth for therapeutic pulpotomies.

There is little information in the literature about the biologic properties of these medicaments.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mutagenic response of the ferric sulfate and aluminum chloride and compare them with glutaraldehyde (1.5%, 1% and 0.5% concentration) and formocresol (2%, 0.75%, 0.01% and 0.005% concentration). TA98 and TA1535 strain were used in the Ames test to assess mutagenecity. Neither ferric sulfate nor aluminum chloride exhibited mutagenic potential, in comparison with glutaraldehyde and formocresol, which …

Mandibular Asymmetry In Unilateral Class Ii Malocclusion : A Cephalometric Study, Raed Z. Moussa

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study is to evaluate skeletal and dental asymmetry in unilateral class II malocclusion. A study group of 25 unilateral subdivision patients was compared to 25 class I malocclusion patients serving as the control group. Submento-vertical and frontal radiographs were used for the evaluation. Symmetry was evaluated by comparing measurements between right and left sides for both groups and matching the middle points with the midsagittal axis. Statistical paired and simple t-test were used to evaluate the difference between the two sides for both groups. The measurements showed no significant skeletal and dental asymmetries except for three …