Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Electrical Stimulation And Localized Heat After Dry Needling Treatment To Reduce Low Back Pain, Morgan M. Mersola, Amanda Hawkes, Adam Mendenhall

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Context: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a musculoskeletal condition that often leads to reduced quality of life, prompting the need for effective conservative interventions such as dry needling (DN). A randomized controlled pilot study involving 12 participants was conducted at a physical therapy clinic.

Methods: The final subject pool consisted of a convenience sample of adults with CLBP lasting > 3 months. Participants were randomly assigned to either a dry needling-only group (DNO) or a dry needling plus modalities group (DN+M). The DNO group received a single dry needling treatment located at various sites along the multifidus by a physical …

Cost Effectiveness Analysis Of Psychopharmaca Therapy Combination Compared With Psychopharmaca Therapy And Ect Combination In Schizoaffective Inpatients At The Rsj Provinsi Jawa Barat, Yasmin Fadillah, Sani Asmi Ramdani Lestari, Ardilla Kemala Dewi

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Mental disorders constitute an economic burden on health, estimated at USD 2.5 trillion in 2010 and expected to increase to USD 6 trillion by 2030. Treatment of schizoaffective disorder involves a combination of medication and psychotherapy. Pharmacoeconomics is an important consideration in drug selection. This study aims to determine the cost-effectiveness of psychopharmaca therapy combination compared with psychopharmaca therapy and ECT combination in schizoaffective inpatients at the RSJ Provinsi Jawa Barat. Data collection was conducted retrospectively from patient medical records for the period December 2023–December 2024. Total costs, based on a health perspective, include psychopharmaca drug costs, inpatient care costs, …

Evaluation Of Antibiotic Use Using The Gyssens Method On Clinical Outcomes In Ischemic Stroke Patients, Juniarto Mende, Graciano A. Maturbongs, Yohana K. A. Mbulang

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Ischemic stroke is a health problem that causes death and neurovascular disability worldwide. The inflammatory response due to infection can increase ischemic stroke and increase brain damage through changes in blood pressure, coagulation, immune response, and endothelial function. This study aims to evaluate the rationality of antibiotic use on clinical outcomes in ischemic stroke patients. This study used a cross-sectional design. Retrospective data were taken from the medical records of Jayapura Regional Hospital for the period January 1, 2023, to May 31, 2025. The study subjects were all patients who suffered ischemic stroke and received antibiotics. Evaluation of the rationality …

Retrospective Analysis Of Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns In Gram-Positive And Gram-Negative Blood Isolates, Helman Kurniadi, Timbul Partogi Haposan Simorangkir, Ros Sumarny, Fitria Heldiana

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Bloodstream infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality, while antimicrobial resistance limits treatment options. This retrospective study evaluated bacterial distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility in blood cultures at RSPAD Gatot Soebroto, Jakarta, using microbiology and medical record data from January-December 2019. Clinically significant isolates were included, while duplicates and contaminants were excluded. Identification and susceptibility testing followed standard procedures and CLSI 2019 guidelines. Data were analyzed descriptively. Among 482 isolates, 246 (51.0%) were Gram-positive and 236 (49.0%) were Gram-negative. The Gram-positive isolates were mainly coagulase-negative staphylococci, including Staphylococcus epidermidis (62, 25.2%), S. hominis (61, 24.8%), and S. haemolyticus (50, …

Analysis Of Pharmacotherapy And Non-Pharmacotherapy Burden From The Ina-Cbgs Package For Cesarean Section Surgery At The Regional General Hospital Dr. Soedarso In 2023, Ananda Rizky Awwaliyah, Nurmainah Nurmainah, Ridha Ulfah

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

The prevalence of cesarean sections has been increasing each year. Previous studies show that the cost of medications and medical supplies for cesarean patients accounts for one-third of the total care costs. In the era of National Health Insurance (NHI), medications and medical supplies are considered operational expenses for hospitals rather than sources of income. This condition requires proper medication management and the use of medical supplies. This study aims to analyze the percentage of pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacotherapy, including the types and quantities of medications as well as disposable medical supplies used on patients undergoing cesarean section procedures at the …

Alexithymia In Substance Use Disorders: A Scoping Review Of Therapeutic Approaches, Pratami Diah Herliani, Shelly Iskandar, Angela Vera Herman Efendi

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Alexithymia, defined as the inability to recognize and express emotions, has a high prevalence (40–50%) among individuals with substance use disorders (SUD), particularly alcohol use disorder, and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Despite this, comprehensive mapping of psychotherapeutic interventions targeting this condition within the SUD population remains limited. This study aimed to systematically map the therapeutic approaches investigated to address alexithymia among individuals with substance use disorders and to summarize the reported outcomes. A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines using systematic literature searches in the PubMed and Scopus databases. Relevant studies were screened based …

“When I’M Not Heard, I Feel Like I Don’T Matter”: Advancing Equity In Disability Policy Through Critical Participatory Action Research With People With Intellectual Disability, Cris Marchionne

Student Theses

People with intellectual disability deserve a system that offers flexible, timely, and person-centered support — one that is innovative, sustainable, and holistic in enabling them to live fulfilling lives. This qualitative study, grounded in Critical Participatory Action Research (CPAR), examines how people with intellectual disability experience participation in decision-making within New York State's disability service system. By centering lived experience, the study identifies factors that facilitate or hinder participation in decision-making and examines structural, social, and policy-related barriers that limit agency. Through six focus groups and a Photovoice project with self-advocates receiving OPWDD services, participants described systemic barriers that limited …

Variation In Meningioma Recurrence Risk Estimates Across Observational Cohorts: The Influence Of Calendar Time, Who Classifications, Geographical Settings, And Healthcare Systems, Christian Mirian, Lasse Rehné Jensen, Adam Gorm Hoffmann, Tareq A Juratli, Anders Broechner, Sverre H Torp, Helen A Shih, Ramin A Morshed, Jacob S Young, Stephen T Magill, Luca Bertero, Walter Stummer, Dorothee Cäcilia Spille, Benjamin Brokinkel, Soichi Oya, Satoru Miyawaki, Nobuhito Saito, Martin Proescholdt, Yasuhiro Kuroi, Konstantinos Gousias, Matthias Simon, Jennifer Moliterno, Ricardo Prat-Acin, Stéphane Goutagny, Vikram C Prabhu, John T Tsiang, Johannes Wach, Erdem Güresir, Junkoh Yamamoto, Young Zoon Kim, Joo Ho Lee, Daniel W Kim, Matthew Koshy, Karthikeyan Perumal, Mustafa K Baskaya, Donald M Cannon, Dennis C Shrieve, Chang-Ok Suh, Jong Hee Chang, Maria Kamenova, Sven Straumann, Jehuda Soleman, Ilker Y Eyüpoglu, Tony Catalan, Austin Lui, Philip V Theodosopoulos, Michael W Mcdermott, Fang Wang, Pedro Góes, Manoel Antonio De Paiva Neto, Ricardo Komotar, Michael E Ivan, Aria Jamshidi, Evan Luther, Luis Souhami, Marie-Christine Guiot, Tamás Csonka, Toshiki Endo, Olivia Claire Barrett, Randy Jensen, Tejpal Gupta, Akash J Patel, Tiemo J Klisch, Jun Won Kim, Francesco Maiuri, Valeria Barresi, María Dolores Tabernero, Simon Skyrman, Ian Law, Bjarne Winther Kristensen, Tina Nørgaard Munch, Torstein Meling, Kåre Fugleholm, Paul Blanche, Tiit Mathiesen, Andrea Daniela Maier

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Purpose: Recurrence risk estimates underpin meningioma research, including molecular classification and clinical trial benchmarking, yet are often based on retrospective or historical data. The aim of this study was to assess the variation of recurrence risk estimates across calendar periods, WHO classification editions, geographical settings, and healthcare systems.thetermine METHODS: We analyzed 4,111 patients with primary WHO-1/-2 meningiomas from 31 centers in 15 countries (1990-2019). Recurrence was defined according to local radiological assessment. The 5- and 10-year recurrence risks were estimated using regression standardization with inverse probability of censoring weights, adjusting for key clinical, surgical, and histopathological variables.

Results: Recurrence risk …

The Impact Of Partner Support On Vaginismus Treatment Outcomes: A Mixed Methods Study, Anna R. Ames, Alisha H. Redelfs, Nana Mensah

ScholarsArchive Data

A mixed-methods design was used to gain a nuanced understanding of how partner support affects the experiences of people with vaginismus.

Study aim: To guide partners of people with vaginismus in understanding how they can best help their partners with their vaginismus experience. 

• Quantitative Data: cross-sectional survey to reveal correlations in the relationship between vaginismus treatment outcomes and partner support [Available]
• Qualitative Data: Individual interviews to explore specific ways that people with vaginismus receive, or want to receive, support from their partners and the significance that they place on partner support  [Not Available]

Survey Data
Survey participants were recruited in …

Mitochondrial Trna-Derived Fragments As Candidate Metastasis-Modifying Rna, Katy L. Swancutt, R. Mckinnon Walsh, Sydney Quijano, Emily Schueddig, Devin C. Koestler, Adam D. Scheid, Tony Vanden Bush, Yi Jing, Isidore Rigoutsos, Danny R. Welch

Computational Medicine Center Faculty Papers

UNLABELLED: How mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms influence complex phenotypes remains poorly understood. Using mitochondrial-nuclear exchange mice, we previously showed that mtDNA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) modify metastasis, cardiovascular disease, and epigenetic marks independently of metabolic differences. The only mtDNA SNP correlating with these phenotypes resides in the gene encoding mitochondrial transfer RNA (tRNA)-arginine [mt-tRNAArg (UCG), mt-TR], suggesting a role for non-protein-coding loci. In this study, we identify and preliminarily characterize previously undescribed tRNA-derived fragments (tRF) generated from mt-TRs. Northern blotting revealed distinct tRF that are differentially expressed among mtDNA SNPs, between lung and liver, and between sexes. Surprisingly, small RNA sequencing …

Independent Associations With Research Productivity Among U.S. Academic Ophthalmologists Using The Us-Aofd, Brenton T. Bicknell, Josephine Rudd Zhong Manis, Yejin Heo, Haley Chishom, Lance Dzubinski, Taylor L. Aaserud, Alvina Liang, Shayan Massoumi, Thanushri Srikantha, John Stoffer, Guihua Zhai, Basil K. Williams Jr, Steven E. Brooks, Robert Tauscher

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Background: Scholarly productivity is a key marker of achievement in academic ophthalmology, influencing promotion, research support, and leadership opportunities. Prior studies have reported variation by gender, subspecialty, and rank, but few applied regression methods to identify independent predictors.

Purpose: To evaluate demographic, academic, and subspecialty factors associated with research productivity among U.S. academic ophthalmologists and to identify independent predictors through multivariable regression.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 4,028 ophthalmologists across 126 accredited U.S. residency programs using the U.S. Academic Ophthalmology Faculty Database (US-AOFD). Faculty demographics and academic information were obtained from institutional websites, and bibliometric data (publications, …

Do Social Determinants Of Health Affect Tooth Retention For American Indian/Alaska Native (Ai/An) Adults?, Vae Day

Summer Research Showcase

American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults face severe dental disparities due to social determinants of health (SDOH). This study examines how socioeconomic, functional, and cognitive factors influence access to dental care. Quantitative analysis was conducted using SPSS Statistics. Chi-square testing and logistic regression evaluated relationships between variables. Using a strengths-based approach to this research, the outcome variable was recoded to measure “teeth retained” instead of “teeth removed due to tooth decay or gum disease”. Analyses revealed that tooth retention and healthcare access significantly increase with favorable SDOH, including reliable transportation, household income, ability to complete errands independently, having insurance, and retained …

Contextualizing Second Language Anxiety In Multilingual Higher Education: Classroom Conditions And Clinical Settings, Busayo O. Ige

International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education

In South African universities, multilingual students whose first language is not English face distinct challenges that impact academic participation and success. This qualitative study examines how second language (L2) anxiety shapes first-year students’ classroom and clinical experiences at the University of Cape Town. Drawing on open-ended survey data, the study reveals that fear of negative evaluation, communicative apprehension, and prevailing language ideologies contribute to students’ reluctance to speak, feelings of invisibility, and withdrawal from engagement. Although anxiety tends to lessen over time, it rarely disappears completely. Notably, students experienced anxiety differently across settings: classroom discussions elicited greater fear and self-censorship, …

A Language We Built Together: A Physician Assistant’S Reflection On A Renal Transplant, Oviya Mahendran, Sampathkumar Sakthi Selvakumar

Journal of Wellness

This is not just a story of kidney transplantation in a tertiary care hospital in a tier-2 city of South India. It is all about a true clinical journey of resilience, where a young woman with congenital hearing loss, battling chronic kidney disease, discovered hope, understanding, and companionship through a physician assistant's compassionate communication.

Staff Education To Strengthen Patient Counseling For Recurrent Uti Prevention In Middle-Aged And Older Women In A Low-Income Community Clinic, Linda Osamede Isidienu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This doctor of nursing practice (DNP) project was a practice-focused quality improvement (QI) staff education initiative designed to address recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) among middle-aged and older women receiving care in a low-income community clinic. Recurrent UTIs are associated with increased antibiotic use, antimicrobial resistance, and reduced quality of life. The purpose of this project was to evaluate whether a structured staff education program could improve provider knowledge related to patient counseling on UTI prevention. Twenty nurses and medical assistants participated in the intervention, which included education on evidence-based prevention strategies, counseling techniques for low health literacy populations, and …

Reducing Inpatient Falls Through Staff Education, Courage Duin Chiangeh

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Patient falls remain a major patient safety concern, particularly among hospitalized stroke patients who are at increased risk because of impaired mobility, neurological deficits, and cognitive changes. The inpatient stroke unit selected for this quality improvement project consistently reported the highest fall rates within the hospital system, highlighting the need for evidence-based interventions. The purpose of this project was to determine whether a structured fall-prevention education program incorporating evidence-based practices and the 4Ps of purposeful rounding (pain, potty, position, and possessions) would improve staff knowledge, increase compliance with fallprevention practices, and reduce patient falls over a 2-month period. Guided by …

Sexual Harassment In Dentistry: Understanding The Issue And Steps To Prevent It From Happening

Journal IDA

The #MeToo Movement in 2017 shone a light on how widespread sexual abuse and sexual harassment were in the workplace.1 A survey completed in 2020 reported that 38 percent of women experienced different forms of sexual harassment in the workplace, while approximately 15 percent of men reported similar experiences.2 The data indicate, that sexual harassment was not unique to women as men, as well as nonbinary people also reported facing sexual harassment.

Radiation Safety In Dental Offices: Where Do We Stand In 2025?

Journal IDA

Dental x-rays were first invented in 1896.1 Dr. Otto Walkhoff, a German dentist, who is credited with taking the first dental radiograph, used himself as the subject and required a 25-minute exposure time for that first blurry radiographic image to be seen.

An Annotated Walkthrough Of Dental And Dental Hygiene Professional Oaths

Journal IDA

Most of the information contained in this article was taken using AI search engines. It is meant to be a refresher for dentists and dental hygienists as it relates to the oaths we took when we graduated from our training programs. It is also meant to be an opportunity for practitioners to reflect on their journeys since graduation as to have true they stayed to the oaths that they took. Dental assistants are not required to take a professional oath in Indiana.

Protecting Dentistry’S Ethics: Ida’S Peer Review Program

Journal IDA

All members of the dental profession are responsible for protecting the Principles of Ethics: Autonomy, Nonmaleficence, Beneficence, Justice and Veracity. Peer Review is:

• A dispute resolution program.
• Available to all Indiana patients.
• A resource for disputes for both IDA members and non-members.
• Part of what makes dentistry a profession.
• Voluntary for the subject dentist regarding participation.
• Initiated by patient complaints onlNot permitted to have findings entered as evidence in court.
• Not disclosed as part of dental license renewal.

When a patient submits a request for mediation, the complaint involves an alleged violation of at least one of the Principles …

Ethical Considerations In Cosmetic Dentistry

Journal IDA

Dentistry is both an art and a science. Patient care revolves around treatment for pain, missing teeth while also ensuring that appearances or the esthetic outcomes are maintained or enhanced. These two facets are not contradictory, but are intertwined for optimal, complete and customizable care for each patient. Dentists are often faced with requests from patients for a stereotypical “perfect” smile, which includes perfectly aligned teeth that are white in color resembling the image commonly conveyed by the media. As clinicians, we respond in our own way to these increasingly demanding esthetic demands. Some specialize in developing “esthetic” treatments; others …

Overview Of Indiana Health Records Law

Journal IDA

Inquires regarding the use, access, ownership, retention and disposal of health records have ranked in the top three questions from dentists, dental offices and patients over the last 25 years. As every dental office has dental health records, it is important to understand the legal and professional liability implications for properly handling and safeguarding records.

Dental Treatment: Who Has The Final Say On Oral Health Care?

Journal IDA

Is a patient's autonomy really his or her own? Or like an onion with many skins, is it buried under layers of financial factors, insurance coverage, quality of discussion with the dentist, family obligations and emotional health, and so much more!

Safeguarding Ethics: The Work Of The Indiana State Board Of Dentistry, Kathy Walden

Journal IDA

Dentists pride themselves on belonging to a profession that maintains high standards, strong patient satisfaction and professional excellence. At the heart of these guiding principles of dentistry in our state is the Indiana State Board of Dentistry (ISBD), which focuses on establishing and enforcing ethical conduct and adherence to state law for Indiana’s 4,769 dentists and 5,500 hygienists.

Defining Prescriptive Supervision And Delegation In Indiana: The Essential Roles Of The Dental Hygienist And The Dental Assistant On The Dental Team

Journal IDA

According to the 2025 Bowen Policy Snapshot: Indiana Dental Workforce in Context, Indiana faces ongoing dental workforce shortages, with 63 of 92 counties (68 percent) designated as Dental Health Professional Shortage Areas (a federal designation indicating insufficient dental providers). This shortage presents growing challenges for licensed dentists in recruiting and retaining qualified dental assistants and hygienists, roles essential to patient care and practice efficiency. In Indiana, the practice of dentistry and dental hygiene are governed by statutes in the Indiana Code (IC) and administrative rules in the Indiana Administrative Code (IAC). Statutes are laws enacted by the legislature; rules are …

Guided Tissue Regeneration Of Localized Deep Combined 2-To-3- Wall Angular Defects: A Clinical Case Report With 15-Month Follow-Up

Journal IDA

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting nearly 50 percent of U.S. adults. It is characterized by the irreversible destruction of the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and gingival tissues supporting the teeth. Periodontal breakdown results from a dysbiotic relationship between the plaque bacteria and host-immune response. Initiated by the bacterial plaque biofilm, the once normal and homeostatic host defenses intended to contain the subgingival inflammation become dysregulated and hyperactive. A diagnosis of an infrabony defect, also known as intrabony, vertical, or angular defects, is made when the base of the pocket is apical to the alveolar crest. It has been …

Factor V Leiden Heterozygosity And Hypertriglyceridemia In 88 Patients With Chronic Jaw Pain And Alveolar Osteonecrosis

Journal IDA

Objectives: Our specific aim was to evaluate the relationships of thrombophilia-hypofibrinolysis and hyperlipidemia with alveolar osteonecrosis of the jaws in 88 patients with chronic jaw pain who had failed to respond to conventional medical and dental treatments.

Study Design: In the temporal order of referral, we evaluated 88 patients with persistent idiopathic facial pain to assess whether and to what degree thrombophilia-hypofibrinolysis and hyperlipidemia were pathoetiologic for biopsy proven alveolar osteitis-necrosis.

Results: Of the 88 cases, 14 (16 percent) had Factor V Leiden heterozygosity compared to 2 of 109 (2 percent) healthy controls without jaw disease, p=.0004. Fasting plasma triglycerides …

Diagnostic Challenge: Oral Pathology

Journal IDA

The challenge: We present a case of a 27-year-old female patient who presented to the Fritts Screening Clinic at Indiana University School of Dentistry. She takes metformin for pre-diabetes and levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. Her extraoral exam reveals no pathologies. The intraoral clinical examination reveals a non-wipeable unifocal hyperkeratotic papillary lesion measuring 0.8 x 0.5 cm on the left lateral border of the tongue (Figure 1). The patient reports noticing it approximately a month before the screening appointment; however, she did not experience any pain or other symptoms in the area. An excisional biopsy is performed to obtain a definite diagnosis …

Role Of Microsurgery In The Evolution Of Periodontal Surgery

Journal IDA

Microscopes and microsurgery techniques have revolutionized the field of periodontology, offering enhanced visualization, precision, and improved clinical outcomes. This review explores the role of magnification in periodontal treatments, the benefits of microsurgical techniques, and their impact on patient recovery and procedural success. It examines how these advancements align with evolving surgical principles and addresses their implications for clinical practice and patient outcomes. By integrating microsurgery into periodontics, clinicians can achieve minimally invasive procedures with superior aesthetic and functional results. This paper also discusses the challenges and future directions of microsurgical applications in periodontics, emphasizing the importance of continual advancements and …

Recent Advances In Periodontology

Journal IDA

Periodontology is a dynamic discipline focused on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases affecting the supporting structures of the teeth and dental implants. Given the complex and multifactorial pathogenesis of periodontal and peri-implant diseases, the field continually evolves to address diverse clinical needs through evidence-based innovations. Recent years have witnessed significant advances in biomaterials, biologics, diagnostic tools, and minimally invasive therapies that have transformed the clinical management of periodontal conditions. These developments aim not only to improve treatment efficacy and patient outcomes but also to expand the scope of regenerative and patient-centered care. The purpose of this paper is …