Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor In Pregnancy: A New Case And A Review Of The Literature, Sofia Guidi, Vincenzo Berghella, Giovanni Scambia, Anna Fagotti, Annalisa Vidir, Stefano Restaino, Giuseppe Vizzielli, Frediano Inzani, Anna Franca Cavaliere

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

Granulosa cell tumors are rare ovarian tumors that can arise during pregnancy. We present a new case of recurrent adult granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) in pregnancy and a systematic review of the literature. The new case described is a 41-year-old woman G5P1122 with a prior history of AGCT that was referred to our center at 29 weeks because of a symptomatic abdominal mass, compatible with a possible recurrence of AGCT. At 36 + 3 weeks, she underwent a cesarean delivery for preterm labor and a total hysterectomy with a radical surgical staging. A healthy female infant was delivered. The patient …

Associations Of Diet With Cardiometabolic And Inflammatory Profiles In Pregnant Women At Risk For Metabolic Complications, Kataryna Jaworsky, Jeffrey L. Ebersole, Petar Planinic, Arpita Basu

Dental Medicine Faculty Research

Dietary intakes play an important role in the development of metabolic complications during pregnancy. While reported observational studies reveal an inverse association of healthy diets with weight gain, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive complications during pregnancy, there is a paucity of studies conducted among women of specific ethnicities vulnerable to higher risks of pregnancy complications. This is a secondary cross sectional analysis using baseline data from a previously reported clinical trial. We aim to identify associations of maternal habitual dietary intakes with cardiometabolic risks and inflammatory profiles in primarily African American (AA) and Hispanic women in the first half of pregnancy. …

Processes Used By Mothers In Opioid Recovery To Manage The Needs Of The Maternal-Infant Dyad: A Grounded Theory Study, Nicole M. Mattson

Dissertations (1934 -)

Maternal opioid use during pregnancy and the postpartum period has significant impact on the mother and infant. Maternal well-being and early maternal-infant contact can impact the early attachment and bonding of the dyad. Additionally, the stigma surrounding opioid use in pregnancy can have detrimental effects on the dyad during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. Theory driven nursing interventions to promote mother-infant dyadic care for pairs impacted by maternal opioid use disorder (OUD) are needed. First, it was necessary to understand the current processes used by mothers with OUD to manage the unique needs of their dyad. The purpose of …

Variations, Validations, Degradations, And Noninvasive Determination Of Pregnancy Using Fecal Steroid Metabolites In Free-Ranging Pronghorn, Cole A. Bleke, Eric M. Gese, Susannah S. French

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Pregnancy status is a key parameter used to assess reproductive performance of a species as it represents a starting point for measuring vital rates. Vital rates allow managers to determine trends in populations such as neonate survival and recruitment; two important factors in ungulate population growth rates. Techniques to determine pregnancy have generally involved capture and restraint of the animal to obtain blood samples for determining serum hormone levels. Non-invasive pregnancy assessment, via feces, eliminates any hazards between handler and animal, as well as removes handling-induced physiological biases. Using noninvasive fecal sampling, we conducted hormone validations, investigated pregnancy rates, and …

Predictors Of Fear Of Childbirth And Depressive Symptoms Among Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Survey In Pwani Region, Tanzania, Agnes Fredrick Massae, Margareta Larsson, Sebalda Leshabari, Columba Mbekenga, Andrea Barnabas Pembe, Agneta Skoog Svanberg

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Many women experience fear of childbirth (FoB) and depressive symptoms (DS) during pregnancy, but little is known about FoB among Tanzanian women. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of FoB and DS among pregnant women and determine predictors of each and both, focusing on sociodemographic and obstetric predictors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at six health facilities in two districts in Tanzania between 2018 and 2019. In total, 694 pregnant women with gestational age between 32 and 40weeks and expecting vaginal delivery were consecutively recruited and assessed for FoB and DS. We collected data …

Characteristics And Quality Of Mobile Apps Containing Prenatal Genetic Testing Information: Systematic App Store Search And Assessment, Ko Lin Wu, Rebeca Alegria, Jazzlyn Gonzalez, Harrison Hu, Haocen Wang, Robin Page, Patricia Robbins-Furman, Ping Ma, Tung-Sung Tseng, Lei Shih Chen

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Background: Prenatal genetic testing is an essential part of routine prenatal care. Yet, obstetricians often lack the time to provide comprehensive prenatal genetic testing education to their patients. Pregnant women lack prenatal genetic testing knowledge, which may hinder informed decision-making during their pregnancies. Due to the rapid growth of technology, mobile apps are a potentially valuable educational tool through which pregnant women can learn about prenatal genetic testing and improve the quality of their communication with obstetricians. The characteristics, quality, and number of available apps containing prenatal genetic testing information are, however, unknown. Objective: This study aims to conduct a …

Decreasing Unintentional Pregnancies For Tennesseans, Paula M. Todd

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In 2018, 49% of all pregnancies in the United States were unintended, with women with a lower- income status being five times more likely to experience an unplanned pregnancy. Tennessee has a high rate of unintended pregnancies, particularly among the uninsured, low-income, and rural teen populations; some 22% of these unintended pregnancies end in abortion. Oral or transdermal contraceptives that are affordable and accessible for women of childbearing age can reduce unintentional pregnancies. The addressed gap in clinical practice was that contraceptives are not currently available over the counter in Tennessee pharmacies without a prescription, which necessitates a costly medical …

Bone Mineral Density Changes Associated With Pregnancy, Lactation, And Medical Treatments In Premenopausal Women And Effects Later In Life., Nelson B Watts, Neil Binkley, Charlotte D Owens, Ayman Al-Hendy, Elizabeth E Puscheck, Mohamad Shebley, William Schlaff, Md, James A Simon

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

Bone mineral density (BMD) changes during the life span, increasing rapidly during adolescence, plateauing in the third decade of life, and subsequently entering a phase of age-related decline. In women, menopause leads to accelerated bone loss and an increase in fracture risk. Between peak bone mass attainment and menopause, BMD is generally stable and the risk of fracture is typically low. This time period is marked by life events such as pregnancy and lactation, which transiently decrease BMD, yet their long-term effects on fracture risk are less certain. BMD may also be altered by exposure to medications that affect bone …

Do Women Empowerment Indicators Predict Receipt Of Quality Antenatal Care In Cameroon? Evidence From A Nationwide Survey, Edward Kwabena Ameyaw, Kwamena Sekyi Dickson, Kenneth Setorwu Adde, Obidimma Ezezika

Health Studies Publications

Background

World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends quality antenatal care (ANC) for all pregnant women, as one of the strategies for achieving targets 3.1 and 3.2 of the sustainable development goals. Maternal mortality ratio remains high in Cameroon (782 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births). Extant literature suggest a positive association between women empowerment indicators and maternal healthcare utilisation in general. In Cameroon, this association has not received scholarly attention. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated the association between women empowerment indicators and quality ANC in Cameroon.

Methods

Data of 4615 women of reproductive age were analysed from the women’s …

Rapidiron: Reducing Anaemia In Pregnancy In India-A 3-Arm, Randomized-Controlled Trial Comparing The Effectiveness Of Oral Iron With Single-Dose Intravenous Iron In The Treatment Of Iron Deficiency Anaemia In Pregnant Women And Reducing Low Birth Weight Deliveries., Richard J. Derman, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Simal Thind, Sudhir Bhandari, Zubair H. Aghai, Michael Auerbach, Rupsa Boelig, Umesh S. Charantimath, Rosemary Frasso, M. S. Ganachari, Kusum Lata Gaur, Michael K. Georgieff, Frances Jaeger, S. Yogeshkumar, Parth Lalakia, Benjamin Leiby, Mita Majumdar, Amarjeet Mehta, Seema Mehta, Sudhir Mehta, Stephen T. Mennemeyer, Amit P. Revankar, Dharmesh Kumar Sharma, Vanessa Short, Manjunath S Somannavar, Dennis Wallace, Hemang Shah, Manjula Singh, Sufia Askari, Mrutyunjaya B. Bellad, Rapidiron Trial Group

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Anaemia is a worldwide problem and iron deficiency is the most common cause. In pregnancy, anaemia increases the risk of adverse maternal, foetal and neonatal outcomes. India's anaemia rate is among the highest in the world with India's National Family Health Survey indicating over 50% of pregnant women were affected by anaemia. India's Anaemia Mukt Bharat-Intensified National Iron Plus Initiative aims to reduce the prevalence of anaemia among reproductive-age women, adolescents and children by 3% per year and facilitate the achievement of a Global World Health Assembly 2025 objective to achieve a 50% reduction of anaemia among women of …

A Peripheral Immune Signature Of Labor Induction, Kazuo Ando, Julien J. Hédou, Dorien Feyaerts, Xiaoyuan Han, Edward A. Ganio, Eileen S. Tsai, Laura S. Peterson, Franck Verdonk, Amy S. Tsai, Ivana Marić, Ronald J. Wong, Martin S. Angst, Nima Aghaeepour, David K. Stevenson, Yair J. Blumenfeld, Pervez Sultan, Brendan Carvalho, Ina A. Stelzer, Brice Gaudillière

Pacific Faculty Work

Approximately 1 in 4 pregnant women in the United States undergo labor induction. The onset and establishment of labor, particularly induced labor, is a complex and dynamic process influenced by multiple endocrine, inflammatory, and mechanical factors as well as obstetric and pharmacological interventions. The duration from labor induction to the onset of active labor remains unpredictable. Moreover, prolonged labor is associated with severe complications for the mother and her offspring, most importantly chorioamnionitis, uterine atony, and postpartum hemorrhage. While maternal immune system adaptations that are critical for the maintenance of a healthy pregnancy have been previously characterized, the role of …

Pregnancy And Childbirth Expectations During Covid-19 In A Convenience Sample Of Women In The United States, Tishra Beeson, Amy Claridge, Amie Wojtyna, Debra Rich, Gracie Minks, Adrienne Larson

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the health care landscape and shifted individuals’ expectations for and interactions with essential health services, including pregnancy-related care. This study explores alterations to individuals’ pregnancy and childbirth decisions during an infectious disease pandemic. A convenience sample of 380 pregnant individuals with an expected delivery date between April and December 2020 consented to enroll and complete an online questionnaire on their pregnancy and childbirth expectations during the COVID-19 pandemic; a subset of respondents (n = 18) participated in semi-structured phone interviews. Survey data were analyzed quantitatively while interview data were analyzed using a thematic content …

Food Restriction And Body Image Distortion In Pregnant Mothers: Outcomes For Exposed Children, Kathryn M. Dana

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Background: Developmental trajectories in the growing child do not originate at birth. Rather, critical periods may exist in pregnancy, during which the determinants of malnutrition are especially vulnerable to the effects of stress and other complications. Prenatal malnutrition has been consistently associated with negative consequences for the growth, development, and overall physical and mental health of affected offspring in both human and animal models. While most available literature on human prenatal malnutrition comes from famine research, there is some evidence that restrictive eating disorders in pregnant women may be associated with similar outcomes.

Hypotheses: We hypothesize that prenatal exposure to …

Causes And Circumstances Of Maternal Death: A Secondary Analysis Of The Community-Level Interventions For Pre-Eclampsia (Clip) Trials Cohort, Annet M. Aukes, Kristina Arion, Jeffrey N. Bone, Jing Li, Marianne Vidler, Mrutyunjaya B. Bellad, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Rahat Qureshi, Sana Sheikh, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Background: Incomplete vital registration systems mean that causes of death during pregnancy and childbirth are poorly understood in low-income and middle-income countries. To inform global efforts to reduce maternal mortality, we compared physician review and computerised analysis of verbal autopsies (interpreting verbal autopsies [InterVA] software), to understand their agreement on maternal cause of death and circumstances of mortality categories (COMCATs) in the Community-Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) cluster randomised trials.
Methods: The CLIP trials took place in India, Pakistan, and Mozambique, enrolling pregnant women aged 12-49 years between Nov 1, 2014, and Feb 28, 2017. 69 330 pregnant women were …

Investigating The Role Of Functional Polymorphism Of Maternal And Neonatal Vitamin D Binding Protein In The Context Of 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D Cutoffs As Determinants Of Maternal‐Neonatal Vitamin D Status Profiles In A Sunny Mediterranean Region, Spyridon N. Karras, Erdinç Dursun, Merve Alaylıoğlu, Duygu Gezen‐Ak, Cedric Annweiler, Fatme Al Anouti, Hana M.A. Fakhoury, Alkiviadis Bais, Dimitrios Kiortsis

All Works

Recent results indicate that dysregulation of vitamin D‐binding protein (VDBP) could be involved in the development of hypovitaminosis D, and it comprises a risk factor for adverse fetal, maternal and neonatal outcomes. Until recently, there was a paucity of results regarding the effect of maternal and neonatal VDBP polymorphisms on vitamin D status during pregnancy in the Mediterranean region, with a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D. We aimed to evaluate the combined effect of maternal and neonatal VDBP polymorphisms and different maternal and neonatal 25‐hy-droxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) cut‐offs on maternal and neonatal vitamin D profile. Blood samples were obtained from …

Cohort Profile: The Alliance For Maternal And Newborn Health Improvement (Amanhi) Biobanking Study, Fahad Aftab, Salahuddin Ahmed, Aneeta Hotwani, Muhammad Ilyas, Mohammad Javaid, Fyezah Jehan, Farah Khalid, Usma Mehmood, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Muhammad Sajid

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

No abstract provided.

Modeling Renal Function During Pregnancy, Christina A. Valtierra

REU Final Reports

The main goal of this research project is to build a computational model that illustrates the main processes in renal function during pregnancy. The analysis of how pregnancy affects all the factors that take place within the kidney will allow for a better understanding of how pathologies like proteinuria, hypertension, and glomerular endotheliosis develop. This model is a small part of a more complex model that showcases the complete pathophysiology of preeclampsia.

Dietary Blueberry And Soluble Fiber Improve Serum Antioxidant And Adipokine Biomarkers And Lipid Peroxidation In Pregnant Women With Obesity And At Risk For Gestational Diabetes, Arpita Basu, Jeannette Crew, Jeffrey L. Ebersole, Jefferson W. Kinney, Arnold M. Salazar, Petar Planinic, James M. Alexander

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

Pregnancies affected by obesity are at high risk for developing metabolic complications with oxidative stress and adipocyte dysfunction contributing to the underlying pathologies. Few studies have examined the role of dietary interventions, especially those involving antioxidants including polyphenolic flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables on these pathologies in high-risk pregnant women. We conducted an 18 gestation-week randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of a dietary intervention comprising of whole blueberries and soluble fiber vs. control (standard prenatal care) on biomarkers of oxidative stress/antioxidant status and adipocyte and hormonal functions in pregnant women with obesity (n = 34). Serum samples …

Elevated Lipid Oxidation Is Associated With Exceeding Gestational Weight Gain Recommendations And Increased Neonatal Anthropometrics: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Jill M. Maples, Samantha F. Ehrlich, Nikki B. Zite, Kevin J. Pearson, W. Todd Cade, Courtney J. Riedinger, Maire M. Blankenship, Rachel A. Tinius

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Deviations from gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations are associated with unfavorable maternal and neonatal outcomes. There is a need to understand how maternal substrate metabolism, independent of weight status, may contribute to GWG and neonatal outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential link between maternal lipid oxidation rate, GWG, and neonatal anthropometric outcomes.

METHODS: Women (N = 32) with a lean pre-pregnancy BMI were recruited during late pregnancy and substrate metabolism was assessed using indirect calorimetry, before and after consumption of a high-fat meal. GWG was categorized as follows: inadequate, adequate, or excess. Shortly …

Daily Energy Expenditure Through The Human Life Course, Herman Pontzer, Yosuke Yamada, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Philip N Ainslie, Lene F Andersen, Liam J Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issaad Baddou, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E Blaak, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G Bonomi, Carlijn V C Bouten, Pascal Bovet, Maciej S Buchowski, Nancy F Butte, Stefan G Camps, Graeme L Close, Jamie A Cooper, Richard Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Lara R Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W Fudge, Annelies H Goris, Michael Gurven, Catherine Hambly, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Marjije B Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas, Annemiek M Joosen, Peter Katzmarzyk, Kitty P Kempen, Misaka Kimura, William E Kraus, Robert F Kushner, Estelle V Lambert, William R Leonard, Nader Lessan, Corby Martin, Anine C Medin, Erwin P Meijer, James C Morehen, James P Morton, Marian L Neuhouser, Teresa A Nicklas, Robert M Ojiambo, Kirsi H Pietiläinen, Yannis P Pitsiladis, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Guy Plasqui, Ross L Prentice, Roberto A Rabinovich, Susan B Racette, David A Raichlen, Eric Ravussin, Rebecca M Reynolds, Susan B Roberts, Albertine J Schuit, Anders M Sjödin, Eric Stice, Samuel S Urlacher, Giulio Valenti, Ludo M Van Etten, Edgar A Van Mil, Jonathan C K Wells, George Wilson, Brian M Wood, Jack Yanovski, Tsukasa Yoshida, Xueying Zhang, Alexia J Murphy-Alford, Cornelia Loechl, Amy H Luke, Jennifer Rood, Dale A Schoeller, Klaas R Westerterp, William W Wong, John R Speakman

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Total daily energy expenditure (“total expenditure”, MJ/d) reflects daily energy needs and is a critical variable in human health and physiology, yet it is unclear how daily expenditure changes over the life course. Here, we analyze a large, globally diverse database of total expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method for males and females aged 8 days to 95 yr. We show that total expenditure is strongly related to fat free mass in a power-law manner and identify four distinct metabolic life stages. Fat free mass-adjusted daily expenditure accelerates rapidly in neonates (0-1yr) to ~46% above adult values at …

Maternal Diet During Pregnancy And Lactation And Child Food Preferences, Dietary Patterns, And Weight Outcomes: A Review Of Recent Research, Alison K. Ventura, Suzanne Phelan, Karina Silva Garcia

Kinesiology and Public Health

Purpose of Review Efforts to promote children’s preferences for healthy foods hold much potential for improving diet quality and preventing obesity. The purpose of this review was to summarize recent evidence for associations between maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation and child food preferences, dietary patterns, and weight outcomes.

Recent Findings Recent research illustrates greater maternal vegetable intakes during pregnancy and lactation predict greater child preferences for and intakes of vegetables. Recent randomized clinical trials to improve maternal weight outcomes during the perinatal period via behavioral lifestyle interventions that included dietary components have yielded mixed findings for effects on child …

Maternal Health Care Professionals’ Experiences And Views On The Use Of Obstetric Ultrasound In Rwanda: A Cross-Sectional Study, Ingrid Mogren, Joseph Ntaganira, Jean Paul Semasaka Sengoma, Sophia Holmlund, Rhonda Small, Lan Pham Thi, Hussein Lesio Kidanto, Matilda Ngarina, Cecilia Bergström, Kristina Edvardsson

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

Background This study, undertaken in Rwanda, aimed to investigate health professionals’ experiences and views on the following topics: current clinical guidelines for ultrasound from second trimester at the clinic, regional and national levels, and adherence to clinical guidelines; medically indicated ultrasound examinations; non-medical use of ultrasound including ultrasounds on maternal request; commercialisation of ultrasound; the value of ultrasound in relation to other clinical examinations in pregnancy; and ultrasound and medicalisation of pregnancy.

Methods A cross-sectional design was adopted. Health professionals providing antenatal care and delivery services to pregnant women in 108 health facilities were invited to complete a survey, which …

Assessing Sleep Efficiency Of Nulliparous Women In The Third Trimester Of Pregnancy, Ran Hu

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Objectives: Pregnant women in the third trimester are more likely to experience sleep disorders, resulting in adverse effects on fetal health. This study aimed to evaluate the sleep efficiency (SE) of nulliparous women in their late pregnancy.

Methods: Data was extracted from the National Sleep Research Resource focusing on nulliparous women (n = 1,803) in their third trimester of pregnancy. The two-sample Wilcoxon test for continuous variables and the Chi-square test for categorical variables were used based on a normal SE cut-off of 0.85. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) was used to find the risk …

Maternal Health Care Professionals’ Experiences And Views On The Use Of Obstetric Ultrasound In Rwanda: A Cross-Sectional Study, Ingrid Mogren, Joseph Ntaganira, Jean Paul Semasaka Sengoma, Sophia Holmlund, Rhonda Small, Lan Pham Thi, Hussein Kidanto, Matilda Ngarina, Cecilia Bergström, Kristina Edvardsson

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: This study, undertaken in Rwanda, aimed to investigate health professionals’ experiences and views on the following topics: current clinical guidelines for ultrasound from second trimester at the clinic, regional and national levels, and adherence to clinical guidelines; medically indicated ultrasound examinations; non-medical use of ultrasound including ultrasounds on maternal request; commercialisation of ultrasound; the value of ultrasound in relation to other clinical examinations in pregnancy; and ultrasound and medicalisation of pregnancy.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was adopted. Health professionals providing antenatal care and delivery services to pregnant women in 108 health facilities were invited to complete a survey, which …

Blood Pressure Thresholds In Pregnancy For Identifying Maternal And Infant Risk: A Secondary Analysis Of Community-Level Interventions For Pre-Eclampsia (Clip) Trial Data, Jeffrey N. Bone, Laura A. Magee, Joel Singer, Hannah Nathan, Rahat Qureshi, Charfudin Sacoor, Esperança Sevene, Andrew Shennan, Mrutyunjaya B. Bellad, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Background: Blood pressure measurement is a marker of antenatal care quality. In well resourced settings, lower blood pressure cutoffs for hypertension are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. We aimed to study the associations between blood pressure thresholds and adverse outcomes and the diagnostic test properties of these blood pressure cutoffs in low-resource settings.
Methods: We did a secondary analysis of data from 22 intervention clusters in the Community-Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) cluster randomised trials (NCT01911494) in India (n=6), Mozambique (n=6), and Pakistan (n=10). We included pregnant women aged 15-49 years (12-49 years in Mozambique), identified in their …

Point-Of-Care Testing And Treatment Of Sexually Transmitted And Genital Infections During Pregnancy In Papua New Guinea (Wantaim Trial): Protocol For An Economic Evaluation Alongside A Cluster-Randomised Trial, Neha Batura, Olga Pm Saweri, William Pomat, Caroline Homer, Rebecca Guy, Stanley Luchters, Glen Mola, Lisa M. Vallely, Christopher Morgan, Grace Kariwiga

Population Health, East Africa

Introduction: Left untreated, sexually transmitted and genital infections (henceforth STIs) in pregnancy can lead to serious adverse outcomes for mother and child. Papua New Guinea (PNG) has among the highest prevalence of curable STIs including syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis, and high neonatal mortality rates. Diagnosis and treatment of these STIs in PNG rely on syndromic management. Advances in STI diagnostics through point-of-care (PoC) testing using GeneXpert technology hold promise for resource-constrained countries such as PNG. This paper describes the planned economic evaluation of a cluster-randomised cross-over trial comparing antenatal PoC testing and immediate treatment of curable STIs …

Variants In Prkar1b Cause A Neurodevelopmental Disorder With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Apraxia, And Insensitivity To Pain, Felix Marbach, Marisa V Andrews, Dorothy K Grange, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: We characterize the clinical and molecular phenotypes of six unrelated individuals with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder who carry heterozygous missense variants of the PRKAR1B gene, which encodes the R1β subunit of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA).

METHODS: Variants of PRKAR1B were identified by single- or trio-exome analysis. We contacted the families and physicians of the six individuals to collect phenotypic information, performed in vitro analyses of the identified PRKAR1B-variants, and investigated PRKAR1B expression during embryonic development.

RESULTS: Recent studies of large patient cohorts with neurodevelopmental disorders found significant enrichment of de novo missense variants in …

Associations Between Physiological Biomarkers And Psychosocial Measures Of Pregnancy-Specific Anxiety And Depression With Support Intervention, Karen L Weis, Tony T Yuan, Katherine C Walker, Thomas F Gibbons, Wenyaw Chan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Stress and anxiety significantly impact the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and in pregnancy, the subsequent maternal-fetal response can lead to poor outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the association between psychosocial measures of pregnancy-specific anxiety and physiologic inflammatory responses. Specifically, to determine the effectiveness of the Mentors Offering Maternal Support (M-O-M-S

Does Exercise Prevent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus In Pregnant Women? A Clin-Iq, Olivia Lust, Tana Chongsuwat, Elizabeth Lanham, Ann F. Chou, Elizabeth Wickersham

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Excessive weight gain during pregnancy has been on the rise globally, leading to increased prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A diagnosis of GDM often leads to pregnancy and infant-related complications. Regular exercise may have the potential to prevent GDM. However, evidence surrounding the utility of exercise during pregnancy as an effective risk reduction intervention has been mixed. This clinical inquiry examined the role of regular exercise during pregnancy in preventing GDM in both obese and normal-weight women and analyzed specific aspects of exercise that make it an effective preventive measure. The review of evidence included 3 meta-analyses, 3 systematic …

Covid-19 Deliveries: Maternal Features And Neonatal Outcomes, Viviana Zlochiver, Blair Tilkens, Ana Cristina Perez Moreno, Fatima Aziz, M. Fuad Jan

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Integrated, data-driven criteria are necessary to evaluate delivery outcomes in pregnancies affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzed maternal demographics, clinical characteristics, treatments, and delivery outcomes of 85 ethnically diverse, adult pregnant women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at the time of delivery. Median maternal and gestational ages were 27 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 23–31) and 39 weeks (IQR: 37.3–40.0), respectively. Of the 85 SARS-CoV-2–positive participants, 67 (79%) had no COVID-19 symptoms at the time of routine COVID-19 admission testing, 14 (16%) reported mild COVID-19 symptoms, and 4 (5%) presented …