Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Economic Disadvantage During Childhood, Obesity, And Diabetes Across Three Birth Cohorts Of Older Mexicans, Jesús-Daniel Zazueta-Borboa, Rafael Samper-Ternent, Rebeca Wong, Neil Mehta

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: Diabetes prevalence has increased markedly in Mexico. We examined the individual and joint contributions of economic disadvantage during childhood (EDDC) and elevated body weight on diabetes prevalence in 3 cohorts of Mexican adults.

METHODS: Data on those 60-69 years old from the 1930-1939, 1940-1949, and 1950-1959 birth cohorts in Waves 1 (2001), 3 (2012), and 5 (2018) of the Mexican Health and Aging Study were used. EDDC was defined as the absence of a toilet in the household before age 10. Body mass status was defined using self-reported perceived body image at age 50. Diabetes was based on respondent …

Hunting For Heroes: Brain Neurons Mediating Glp-1r Agonists In Obesity Treatment, Yuhan Cao, Qingchun Tong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have proven to be highly effective in reducing obesity across species and ages, gaining unmet popularity in clinical treatments against obesity. Although extensive research efforts have been made to explore how the brain regulates body weight homeostasis including the effect brought up by GLP-1 and its synthetic analogs GLP-1RAs, the identity of neurons and neural pathways that are responsible for the observed anti-obesity effect of GLP-1RAs remain largely elusive. Excitingly, three recent high-profile studies presented compelling evidence that each argues for the importance of GLP-1Rs in the dorsomedial hypothalamus, hindbrain, or lateral septum, …

Chronic Illness Education 2024: Enhancing Resources For Addressing Childhood Obesity, Ankita Satyavarapu, Ihunanya Agomuoh, Kaab Husain, Kristofer Hilliard, Rachel Lycans, Rene Andino-Galva, William Burstein

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2024: Diet And Excersize Education To Improve Adult Obesity, David Elyas, Dhwani Krishnan, Joseph Overway, Melissa Connop, Swathi Srikantan, Zahira Malik

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2024: Causes, Impacts, And Approaches To Adult Obesity, Alexandra Crawford, Heather Sun, Hyeok Jun Lee, Kenneth Jackson, Kyle Mastalerz, Mannat Bedi

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2024: Strategies To Minimize Pediatric Obesity Prevalence, Aminah Bharadia, Beverly Fu, Emma Harris, Gabriel Boudagh, Michael Mello, Sriraj Atluri

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2024: Resources To Help Mitigate The Effect Of Stress On Adult Obesity, Alexander Saleski, Alexander Weiss, Alexandra Turfe, Ananya Murali, Baraa Mohammed, Marley Sternberg

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2024: Obesity In Post-Menopausal Women, Kendall Graczyk, Kevin Reck, Muhammad Tarar, Mukhlis Alabdalrazzak, Rhea Rakheja, Ye Ming Cui

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2024: Pediatric Obesity And Its Mitigation: Patient, Community And Society, Abigail Bojanowski, Benjamin Frimodig, Mark Sprague, Michael Mason, Minie Zhang, Sruti Ramamoorthy

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Short-Term Weight Loss Outcomes Of 104 Mini-Gastric Bypass Or One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Operations: Retrospective Study, Nabaz H. Ismael, Nazar P. Shabila

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the short-term effects of mini-gastric bypass (MGB) or one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) procedures on weight loss in individuals with obesity. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Medicano Hospital, Erbil, Iraq, from January 2019 to May 2020. Preoperative body mass index (BMI), age, height and preoperative weight were recorded as baseline measures. Weight-related changes were evaluated during a follow-up phase of 48 weeks. Results: A total of 104 patients with obesity underwent MGB or OAGB surgery. The mean baseline parameters of the subjects before surgery included 1.64 m for height, 122.9 kg for weight …

An Analysis Of The Environmental Account Of Obesity As A Form Of Financial Neo-Imperialism, Zahara Alzubaidi

The Cardinal Edge

Socioeconomic developments of the past half-century have created mass social concern over an “obesity epidemic.” This concern is given a sense of legitimacy by studies that warn of a totally obese America in only a few decades, and children being more likely than ever to be diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes. The “environmentalist account” of obesity asserts that factors like genetics, food availability, and social or political climate are the major determinants of an “obesogenic environment” – that is, an environment of obese adults likely to raise obese children. Some feminist thinkers argue that the environmentalist account is necessary to …

Assessing The Impact Of Obesity On Postoperative Outcomes In Rcc Using Machine Learning, Atulya A. Khosla, Manas Pustake, Sufal Chhabra, Yanjia Zhang, Mukesh Roy, Muni Rubens, Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy, Anshul Saxena, Ishmael A. Jaiyesimi

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Introduction Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC) but paradoxically correlates with improved outcomes in metastatic cases. Moreover, the data on the relationship between obesity and postoperative outcomes following nephrectomy are inconsistent. Accurate prediction of postoperative outcomes, including complications, 30-day readmissions, and mortality, is essential for improving patient outcomes in surgical procedures. In this study, we utilized ML models to predict such outcomes in RCC patients undergoing nephroureterectomy, radical nephrectomy, partial nephrectomy, and other excision procedures on the kidney using data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP; 2016- 2021). Methods A gradient-boosted …

Ephb4-Rasa1 Inhibition Of Piezo1 Ras Activation Drives Lymphatic Valvulogenesis, Di Chen, Yipei Tang, Philip E Lapinski, David Wiggins, Eva M Sevick, Michael J Davis, Philip D King

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: EPHB4 (ephrin receptor B4) and the RASA1 (p120 Ras GTPase-activating protein) are necessary for the development of lymphatic vessel (LV) valves. However, precisely how EPHB4 and RASA1 regulate LV valve development is unknown. In this study, we examine the mechanisms by which EPHB4 and RASA1 regulate the development of LV valves.

METHODS: We used LV-specific inducible EPHB4-deficient mice and EPHB4 knockin mice that express a form of EPHB4 that is unable to bind RASA1 yet retains protein tyrosine kinase activity (EPHB4 2YP) to study the role of EPHB4 and RASA1 in LV valve development in the embryo and LV …

I’Ll Just Weight On The Lord: The Lived Experience Of Obesity, Spirituality, And Health Behaviors In African American Women, Andrea S. Poynter, Florence M. Weierbach

International Journal of Faith Community Nursing

Obesity is one of the fastest growing health concerns impacting all racial, ethnic, gender, and socioeconomic groups in the United States of America. Obesity has gained nationwide attention due to its health-related disorders such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and various cancer types that increase the annual medical cost on a financially stressed health system (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2022). Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in all races and genders within the US with African American women comprising a majority of those impacted by this chronic health condition (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Offices of …

Is Semaglutide The Key To The Fight Against "Globesity"?, Melissa Travelsted, Maire M. Blankenship

International Journal of Faith Community Nursing

The obesity epidemic, referred to as "globesity" by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2001, remains a critical global health issue with escalating prevalence rates. In 2022, approximately 2.5 billion adults worldwide were overweight, with 890 million classified as obese, highlighting a significant health burden and economic impact. By 2030, projections suggest over one billion individuals globally will be affected by obesity. In the United States, where more than 40% of adults are obese, healthcare costs attributed to obesity-related illnesses exceed $173 billion annually.

Obesity is defined by a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or above and significantly increases …

Benchmarking Machine Learning Models To Predict Low Birthweight Baby Outcomes And Identify Associated Risk Factors From An Extremely Unbalanced Large-Scale Dataset, Yang Ren, Dezhi Wu, Yan Tong Ph.D., Ana Lopez-De Fede Ph.D., Sarah J. Gareau

Publications

Background: Low birthweight (LBW) is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality in the United States (US), and also is a major causative factor of short- and long-term adverse health effects in newborns. To prevent adverse birth outcomes, it is critical to precisely predict and identify which mothers are at high risk of bearing LBW babies in the early stage of their pregnancy. Previous studies proposed various LBW prediction models from different ML algorithms primarily on small datasets. However, their model performance is significantly limited by data access barriers and data quality issues with one major technical challenge of …

The Hockey Fans In Training Intervention For Men With Overweight Or Obesity: A Pragmatic Cluster Randomised Trial., Robert J Petrella, Dawn P. Gill, Nárlon C Boa Sorte Silva, Brendan Riggin, Wendy M Blunt, Marisa Kfrerer, Melissa Majoni, Jacquelyn Marsh, Jennifer D. Irwin Phd, Saverio Stranges, Merrick Zwarenstein, Guangyong Zou

Family Medicine Publications

BACKGROUND: Obesity disproportionately impacts men's health yet fewer men engage in preventive healthcare. We examined the effectiveness of Hockey Fans in Training (Hockey FIT), a gender-sensitised lifestyle intervention that engages men with overweight/obesity through their passion as fans of a local sports team, on weight change and other health indicators.

METHODS: Pragmatic, cluster randomised trial (aged 35-65 years, body mass index ≥ 27 kg/m

FINDINGS: Between November 13, 2018-November 12, 2021, 20 sites (n = 497) were allocated to intervention and 22 sites (n = 500) to control. Participants with baseline weight and weight at 3 or 12 months, were …

Trends And Disparities In Coronary Artery Disease And Obesity-Related Mortality In The United States From 1999-2022, Mushood Ahmed, Hira Javaid, Aimen Shafiq, Zain Ali Nadeem, Areeba Ahsan, Abdullah Nofal, Raheel Ahmed, Mahboob Alam, Marat Fudim, Gregg C Fonarow, Mamas A Mamas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Almost half of the US adult population has obesity, which predisposes to atherosclerosis and can lead to poor prognosis in coronary artery disease (CAD). We aim to identify CAD and obesity-related mortality trends among adults in the United States stratified by age, sex, race and geographical location.

METHODS: The CDC-WONDER database was used to extract death certificate data for adults aged ≥ 25 years. Crude mortality rates (CMR) and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons were calculated, and temporal trends were described by calculating annual percent change (APC) and the average APC (AAPC) in the rates using Joinpoint …

Telomeres Are Shorter In Portuguese Obese Adults, Catarina Duarte, Maria Teresa Braz, Ana Marques-Ramos, José Silva-Nunes, Luisa Veiga, Miguel Brito

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Obesity is a clinical condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of adipose tissue with an increased risk of developing illnesses such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. In obesity, the secretion of proinflammatory adipokines contributes to oxidative stress that can lead to a decline in the length of telomeres. Telomeres are structures of repetitive sequences delimiting the chromosomes, that plays a crucial role in maintaining their integrity and stability and, thus, its shortening is associated with cellular senescence and possible apoptosis. Although some studies indicate that obesity is associated with shorter telomeres, others contradict this data. Accordingly, the …

Obesity In Children: Systematic Review Over A 6-Year Period, Including The Covid-19 Pandemic, Cecilia Curis, Valeriu Ardeleanu, Lavinia Alexandra Moroianu, Corina Manole, Roxana Adriana Stoica, Florentina Gherghiceanu, Anca Pantea Stoian

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Although obesity is a frequently formulated diagnosis at all ages, due to the long-term projection of the consequences of this condition in children it is a real public health problem. The etiology of obesity is multiple and its complexity requires a multidisciplinary medical approach from which the psychological component cannot be omitted. Thus, diseases such as diabetes, dyslipidemias, cardiovascular diseases, sleep apnea syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver or neoplasia are encountered with a higher incidence in this category of individuals. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the isolation and, consequently, the reduction of access to ways of performing physical exercise increased the balance …

Addressing Weight Bias Among Pediatric Healthcare Clinical Staff., Kathyrn Kyler, Codi Cutburth, Gayla Goleman, Sarah Hampl, Amy R. Beck

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Children with obesity may experience weight-based discrimination as a result of weight bias and stigma, which can have deleterious effects on their health and wellbeing, including increased risk of dysregulated, maladaptive, and disordered eating such as restriction, purging, and binging. Prior work has shown that weight bias occurs from healthcare workers caring for adults, but less is known about the prevalence of weight bias in the pediatric healthcare setting.

METHODS: We aimed to determine what proportion of pediatric healthcare professionals had attitudes of weight bias at our own institution by constructing a survey with questions from validated weight bias …

Estimation Of Lipid Profile Parameters And Blood Glucose Level In Overweight/Obesity Patients And Patients With Normal Bmi, Valon Durguti, Elma Sadiku, Suzana Aliu, Fisnik Laha

UBT International Conference

Obesity is an increasing, global public health issue. Obese and overweight patients have a higher chance of developing a variety of comorbid condition which include asthma, cancer, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, respiratory problems, type 2 diabetes (T2D), joint and muscular disorders, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and psychological problems. BMI is still widely used as a measurement of obesity and obesity rates. Approximately 60 -70% of patients who are obese are dyslipidemic while 50 - 60% of overweight patients are dyslipidemic. Weight loss is supposed to decrease serum triglyceride and LDL-C levels and increase HDL-C levels. Therefore, the aim of this study was to …

Advanced Statistical Analysis Of The Development Tendency Of Mortality From Malignant Neoplasms And The Lifestyle Of Patients Sick From Malignant Neoplasms In R. N. Macedonia, Ismail Ferati, Vlatko Tanevski, Jezair Idrizi, Durim Alia, Reyhana Luma

UBT International Conference

The primary goals of this research are: to determine the development tendency of mortality from malignant neoplasms in R. N. Macedonia and to determine the impact of diet and lifestyle on the appearance and development of malignant neoplasms. The analysis of the dynamics of mortality from malignant neoplasms in R.N. Macedonia used data obtained from the Institute for Public Health of R.N. Macedonia on the mortality rate from malignant neoplasms in 20102021. To determine the impact of diet and lifestyle on the appearance and development of malignant neoplasms, an online survey was conducted on 217 respondents diagnosed with cancer (201 …

Gene Therapy For Fat-1 Prevents Obesity-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction, Cellular Senescence, And Osteoarthritis, Ruhang Tang, Natalia S Harasymowicz, Chia-Lung Wu, Yun-Rak Choi, Kristin Lenz, Sara J Oswald, Farshid Guilak

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Obesity is one of the primary risk factors for osteoarthritis (OA), acting through cross talk among altered biomechanics, metabolism, adipokines, and dietary free fatty acid (FA) composition. Obesity and aging have been linked to cellular senescence in various tissues, resulting in increased local and systemic inflammation and immune dysfunction. We hypothesized that obesity and joint injury lead to cellular senescence that is typically associated with increased OA severity or with aging and that the ratio of omega-6 (ω-6) to omega-3 (ω-3) FAs regulates these pathologic effects. Mice were placed on an ω-6-rich high-fat diet or a lean control diet and …

From Science To Society: Exploring The Nexus Between Obesity Research And Public Awareness In Brazil, Sofia Lafetá Pinto Santos, Renata Miyabara, Rym Ghimouz, Mirela Dobre, Andrei Brateanu, Luciana Aparecida Campos, Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu

All Works

Raising public awareness about the medical aspects of obesity is crucial in Brazil, given its escalating prevalence. This study investigated the correlation between scientific research on obesity in the country and public awareness by scrutinizing scientific publications and online search trends. Scientific data were sourced from Dimensions, while online engagement data were extracted from Google Trends. Key metrics were analyzed, including scientific publication trends, Altmetrics, news image trends, YouTube trends, and web search trends. Linear regression and the Mann-Kendall test assessed trends, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) explored dataset variations. Scientific publications on obesity in Brazil consistently increased from 2004 …

Adipocyte Lipin 1 Expression Associates With Human Metabolic Health And Regulates Systemic Metabolism In Mice, Andrew Lapoint, Jason M. Singer, Daniel Ferguson, Trevor M. Shew, M. Katie Renkemeyer, Hector H. Palacios, Rachael L. Field, Gordon I. Smith, Mai He, Gary J Patti, Samuel Klein, Jonathan R. Brestoff, Brian N. Finck, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Dysfunctional adipose tissue is believed to promote the development of hepatic steatosis and systemic insulin resistance, but many of the mechanisms involved are still unclear. Lipin 1 catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol, the penultimate step of triglyceride synthesis, which is essential for lipid storage. Herein we found that adipose tissue LPIN1 expression is decreased in people with obesity compared with lean subjects, and low LPIN1 expression correlated with multi-tissue insulin resistance and increased rates of hepatic de novo lipogenesis. Comprehensive metabolic and multiomic phenotyping demonstrated that adipocyte-specific Lpin1-/- mice had a metabolically unhealthy phenotype, including liver and …

Dna Methylation Near Mad1l1, Kdm2b, And Socs3 Mediates The Effect Of Socioeconomic Status On Elevated Body Mass Index In African American Adults, Láshauntá Glover, Adam G Lilly, Anne E Justice, Annie Green Howard, Brooke S Staley, Yujie Wang, Helen M Kamens, Kendra Ferrier, Jan Bressler, Laura Loehr, Laura M Raffield, Mario Sims, Kari E North, Lindsay Fernández-Rhodes

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Obesity and poverty disproportionally affect African American persons. Epigenetic mechanisms could partially explain the association between socioeconomic disadvantage and body mass index (BMI). We examined the extent to which epigenetic mechanisms mediate the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on BMI. Using data from African American adults from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (n = 2664, mean age = 57 years), education, income, and occupation were used to create a composite SES score at visit 1 (1987-1989). We conducted two methylation-wide association analyses to identify associations between SES (visit 1), BMI and cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites measured at a subsequent …

Burden Of Disease Attributable To High Body Mass Index: An Analysis Of Data From The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2021, Xiao Dong Zhou, Qin Fen Chen, Wah Yang, Mauricio Zuluaga, Giovanni Targher, Christopher D. Byrne, Luca Valenti, Fei Luo, Christos S. Katsouras, Omar Thaher, Anoop Misra, Karim Ataya, Rodolfo J. Oviedo, Alice Pik-Shan Kong, Khalid Alswat, Amedeo Lonardo, Yu Jun Wong, Adam Abu-Abeid, Hazem Al Momani, Arshad Ali, Gabriel Alejandro Molina, Olivia Szepietowski, Nozim Adxamovich Jumaev, Mehmet Celal Kızılkaya, Octavio Viveiros, Carlos Jesus Toro-Huamanchumo

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Obesity represents a major global health challenge with important clinical implications. Despite its recognized importance, the global disease burden attributable to high body mass index (BMI) remains less well understood. Methods: We systematically analyzed global deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to high BMI using the methodology and analytical approaches of the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021. High BMI was defined as a BMI over 25 kg/m2 for individuals aged ≥20 years. The Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) was used as a composite measure to assess the level of socio-economic development across different regions. Subgroup analyses considered age, …

Burden Of Disease Attributable To High Body Mass Index: An Analysis Of Data From The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2021, Xiao-Dong Zhou, Qin-Fen Chen, Wah Yang, Mauricio Zuluaga, Giovanni Targher, Christopher Byrne, Luca Valentu, Fei Luo, Christos Katsouras, Christopher Opio

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Background: Obesity represents a major global health challenge with important clinical implications. Despite its recognized importance, the global disease burden attributable to high body mass index (BMI) remains less well understood.

Methods: We systematically analyzed global deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to high BMI using the methodology and analytical approaches of the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021. High BMI was defined as a BMI over 25 kg/m2 for individuals aged ≥20 years. The Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) was used as a composite measure to assess the level of socio-economic development across different regions. Subgroup analyses considered age, …

Peripartum Prediction Of Fetal Weight In Gravidas With Obesity, Katherine H Bligard, Jeannie C Kelly, Antonina I Frolova, Anthony O Odibo, Nandini Raghuraman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Estimated fetal weight (EFW) is an important metric at delivery as neonates with abnormal birthweight and their mothers are at higher risk of birth complications. Data regarding optimal EFW assessment in gravidas with obesity is inconsistent, and with the increasing incidence of obesity, clarification of this question is crucial. We aimed to compare accuracy of ultrasound (US)-derived EFW and clinical assessments of EFW in predicting neonatal birthweight among gravidas with obesity.

METHODS: This prospective cohort study enrolled gravidas with obesity and a singleton pregnancy admitted for delivery at term. EFW was determined using either US biometry or clinical assessment …