Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Physiological Benefits Of A Plant-Based Diet On Cardiovascular Health, Jenevieve Petray

Nursing | Senior Theses

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasingly more prevalent in today’s society and is attributed to an alarming percentage of American hospitalizations and deaths. Americans are unhealthier than ever before, and the main contributor is the Western diet. Diet is a double-edged sword that can offer benefits or detriments to one’s health. CVD encompasses numerous diagnoses originating from various underlying physiological alterations. These alterations are downstream effects of increased body weight and BMI, increased cholesterol levels, decreased insulin sensitivity and increased arterial plaque buildup. Research shows that a plant-based diet has the potential to manage and reverse all fundamental physiological alterations that …

Development And Validation Of A Lifestyle Behavior Tool In Overweight And Obese Women Through Qualitative And Quantitative Approaches, Chee Wai Ku, Loo Rachel, Cheryl Lim, Jacinth Jia Xin Tan, Joey Ho, Wee Meng Han, Xiang Wen Ng, Jerry Chan, See Ling Loy

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

There is a paucity of effective intervention tools for overweight/obese women to assess, guide and monitor their eating behavior. This study aimed to develop a lifestyle intervention tool, assess its acceptability and usefulness, and verify its construct validity in overweight/obese women. The 6P tool (Portion, Proportion, Pleasure, Phase, Physicality, Psychology) was developed and 15 women with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 were interviewed to assess its perceived acceptability and usefulness. Subsequently, the revised 6P tool was tested in 46 women with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ), International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short (IPAQ), and …

The Interrelationship And Accumulation Of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Amongst Young Adults In The United Arab Emirates: The Uae Healthy Future Study, Fatima Mezhal, Abderrahim Oulhaj, Abdishakur Abdulle, Abdulla Aljunaibi, Abdulla Alnaeemi, Amar Ahmad, Andrea Leinberger-Jabari, Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri, E. Murat Tuzcu, Eiman Alzaabi, Fatma Al-Maskari, Fatme Alanouti, Fayza Alameri, Habiba Alsafar, Hamad Alblooshi, Juma Alkaabi, Laila Abdel Wareth, Mai Aljaber, Marina Kazim

All Works

Introduction: Similar to other non-communicable diseases (NCDs), people who develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) typically have more than one risk factor. The clustering of cardiovascular risk factors begins in youth, early adulthood, and middle age. The presence of multiple risk factors simultaneously has been shown to increase the risk for atherosclerosis development in young and middle-aged adults and risk of CVD in middle age. Objective: This study aimed to address the interrelationship of CVD risk factors and their accumulation in a large sample of young adults in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: Baseline data was drawn from the UAE Healthy …

Accuracy Of Body Mass Index In Categorizing Weight Status In Children With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, Michele Polfuss, Bethany Forseth, Dale A. Schoeller, Chiang-Ching Huang, Andrea Moosreiner, Paula E. Papanek, Kathleen J. Sawin, Kimberley Zvara, Linda Bandini

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

PURPOSE:

To identify the accuracy of Body Mass Index (BMI) to categorize body weight in a sample of children with spina bifida and Down syndrome as compared to typically developing peers.

METHODS:

A secondary analysis of 32 children with spina bifida, Down syndrome or no chronic illness. A calculated BMI was plotted on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention age- and sex-specific BMI growth charts to determine each child’s weight status. Percentage of body fat, obtained by labeled water, was plotted on two different body fat percentile reference curves, one derived from a whole body measure (DXA) of body …

A Role For Adipocytes And Adipose Stem Cells In The Breast Tumor Microenvironment And Regenerative Medicine, Courtney K. Brock, Katherine L. Hebert, Maria Artiles, Maryl K. Wright, Thomas Cheng, Gabrielle O. Windsor, Khoa Nguyen, Madlin S. Alzoubi, Bridgette M. Collins-Burow, Elizabeth C. Martin, Frank H. Lau, Bruce A. Bunnell, Matthew E. Burow

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Obesity rates are climbing, representing a confounding and contributing factor to many disease states, including cancer. With respect to breast cancer, obesity plays a prominent role in the etiology of this disease, with certain subtypes such as triple-negative breast cancer having a strong correlation between obesity and poor outcomes. Therefore, it is critical to examine the obesity-related alterations to the normal stroma and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Adipocytes and adipose stem cells (ASCs) are major components of breast tissue stroma that have essential functions in both physiological and pathological states, including energy storage and metabolic homeostasis, physical support of breast …

Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Insulin Resistance, And Hypertension As Mediators For Adverse Effects Of Obesity On The Brain: A Review, Mahnaz Ghowsi, Farshad Qalekhani, Mohammad Hosein Farzaei, Fariba Mahmudi, Namdar Yousofvand, Tanuj Joshi

BioMedicine

Nowadays, the incidence of obesity is a global challenge and it is estimated that the total number of overweight and obese adults will increase up to 1.35 billion by 2030. Evidence obtained from clinical and experimental studies shows that obesity may be associated with cognitive performance and executive function impairments. Considering various evidence for the poor episodic memory tasks and verbal learning as well as the destruction of cortical gray matter in the obese individuals, here, we collected some causal pathways for contribution of inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and hypertension in the development of brain disorders in obesity. The …

Scaling A Community-Wide Campaign Intervention To Manage Hypertension And Weight Loss, Belinda M. Reininger, Lisa A. Mitchell-Bennett, Minjae Lee, Paul G. Yeh, Amanda C. Davé, Soo Kyung Park, Tianlin Xu, Alma G. Ochoa-Del Toro

Physician Assistant Studies Faculty Publications

Public health impacts can be achieved when evidence-based interventions are implemented to those most in need. Too often implementation never or slowly occurs. The community-wide campaign intervention Tu Salud ¡Si Cuenta! has evidence of improving health outcomes related to chronic disease among low-income, Latinos. Using the RE-AIM Framework, this study examined if the scaled-up version of the intervention is associated with improvements in hypertension and obesity in 12 locations. Each element of the RE-AIM framework was examined. For "Effectiveness," we examined outcomes overall and by implementing location. We used linear and logistic regression to assess if exposure in the intervention …

Association Between Diet Quality Indices And Incidence Of Type 2 Diabetes In The Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, Allison M. Hodge, Md Nazmul Karim, James Hébert Scd, Nitin Shivappa Mbbs, Mph, Ph.D., Barbora De Courten

Faculty Publications

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common condition whose incidence is increasing worldwide, and for which obesity and diet are important risk factors. The aim of this study was to assess the association of three diet quality scores with diabetes risk and how much of the association was mediated through body size. The Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study recruited 41,513 men and women aged 40–69 years during 1990–1994. At baseline, data were collected on lifestyle and diet, anthropometric measures were performed. Incident diabetes was assessed by self-report at follow-up surveys in 1994–1998 and 2003–2007. The associations between the dietary inflammatory index …

Breastfeeding And Risk Of Overweight In Childhood And Beyond: A Systematic Review With Emphasis On Sibling-Pair And Intervention Studies, Kathryn G Dewey, Darcy Güngör, Sharon M Donovan, Emily M Madan, Sudha Venkatramanan, Teresa A Davis, Ronald E Kleinman, Elsie M Taveras, Regan L Bailey, Rachel Novotny, Nancy Terry, Gisela Butera, Julie Obbagy, Janet De Jesus, Eve Stoody

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding is associated with a lower risk of subsequent overweight or obesity, but it is uncertain whether this is a causal relation because most studies have not adequately reduced risk of bias due to confounding.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review was to examine whether 1) ever compared with never consuming human milk and 2) different durations of human milk consumption among infants fed human milk are related to later risk of overweight or obesity, with emphasis on sibling-pair and intervention studies.

METHODS: The 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, together with the Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review team, conducted a …

Scaling Of Computed Tomography Body Composition To Height: Relevance Of Height-Normalized Indices In Patients With Colorectal Cancer, Justin C. Brown, Steven B. Heymsfield, Bette J. Caan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Body weight scales to height with a power of ≈2 (weight/height2), forming the basis of body mass index (BMI). The corresponding scaling of body composition measured by abdominal computed tomography (CT) to height has not been established. The objective of this analysis was to quantify the scaling of body composition measured by a single-slice axial abdominal CT image (skeletal muscle, and visceral, subcutaneous, and total adipose tissue) to height in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: This cross-sectional study included non-Hispanic white males and females, aged 18–80 years, who were diagnosed with stage I–III CRC at an integrated health …

Differences By School Location In Summer And School Monthly Weight Change: Findings From A Nationally Representative Sample, Ethan T. Hunt, Bridget Armstrong Ph.D., Gabrielle Turner-Mcgrievy Ph.D., Rd, Michael Beets Med, Mph, Phd, Robert Weaver Med, Phd

Faculty Publications

Objectives: To examine changes in accelerations of Body Mass Index (BMI), age-and-sex specific body mass index (zBMI), and 95th percentile of BMI (%BMIp95) during the summer months and school year by school location designation (i.e., urban, suburban, exurban). This study utilized the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Class of 2010-2011.

Methods: Of the 18,174 children in the ECLS-K:2011 dataset, I restricted participants to those with at least two consecutive measures that occurred August/September or April/May. Mixed-effect regression analyses estimated differences in monthly change in BMI, zBMI, and %BMIp95 between the summer and school year while accounting for the ECLS-K complex …

A Comparison Of High-Intensity Interval And Moderate Intensity Continuous Training On Glucose Regulation In Sedentary, Obese Individuals, Sophia R. Mirth, Brandon J. Sawyer, Dharini M. Bhammer, Glenn A. Gaesser

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

It is well known that exercise is beneficial in the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) but the ideal type of training is not clear. PURPOSE: To compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on blood glucose regulation in sedentary, obese adults. METHODS: 22 sedentary, obese individuals were randomized into either HIIT or MICT. Each group exercised on a cycle ergometer 3 times/wk for 8 wks. The HIIT group performed 10, 1 min intervals at 90-95% HR_max with 1 min rest intervals in between. The MICT group performed 30 min of …

Role Of Smad2 And Smad3 On Adipose Tissue Development And Function, Roshan Kumari

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Introduction: Obesity and its associated metabolic syndrome are major medical problems worldwide including United States. Adipose tissue is the primary site of energy storage, playing important roles in health. Adipose tissue also has other critical functions, producing adipocytokines and contributing to normal nutrient metabolism, which in turn play important roles in satiety, inflammation, and total energy homeostasis. Activin A and activin B play important roles in maintaining body composition and energy homeostasis. This dissertation highlights the role of activin/SMADs signaling in adipose tissue development, function, and maintenance.

SMAD2/3 proteins are downstream mediators of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family signaling, including …

Higher Habitual Flavonoid Intakes Are Associated With A Lower Incidence Of Diabetes, Nicola P. Bondonno, Frederik Dalgaard, Kevin Murray, Raymond J. Davey, Catherine P. Bondonno, Aedin Cassidy, Joshua R. Lewis, Cecilie Kyrø, Gunnar Gislason, Augustin Scalbert, Anne Tjønneland, Jonathan M. Hodgson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Higher flavonoid intakes are hypothesized to confer protection against type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives:

We aimed to 1) investigate associations between flavonoid intakes and diabetes, 2) examine the mediating impact of body fat, and 3) identify subpopulations that may receive the greatest benefit from higher flavonoid intakes in participants of the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study followed up for 23 y.

Methods:

Cross-sectional associations between baseline flavonoid intake, estimated using FFQs and the Phenol Explorer database, and body fat, estimated by bioelectrical impedance, were assessed using multivariable-Adjusted linear regression models. Nonlinear associations between flavonoid intake and incident diabetes …

Energy Compensation And Adiposity In Humans, Vincent Careau, Lewis G Halsey, Herman Pontzer, Philip N Ainslie, Lene F Andersen, Liam J Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issad Baddou, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Ellen E Blaak, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G Bonomi, Carlijn V C Bouten, Maciej S Buchowski, Nancy F Butte, Stefan G J A Camps, Graeme L Close, Jamie A Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Richard Cooper, Lara R Dugas, Simon D Eaton, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W Fudge, Annelies H Goris, Michael Gurven, Catherine Hambly, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Marije B Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas, Annemiek M Joosen, Peter Katzmarzyk, Kitty P Kempen, Misaka Kimura, William E Kraus, Robert F Kushner, Estelle V Lambert, William R Leonard, Nader Lessan, Corby K Martin, Anine C Medin, Erwin P Meijer, James C Morehen, James P Morton, Marian L Neuhouser, Theresa A Nicklas, Robert M Ojiambo, Kirsi H Pietiläinen, Yannis P Pitsiladis, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Guy Plasqui, Ross L Prentice, Roberto A Rabinovich, Susan B Racette, David A Raichlen, Eric Ravussin, John J Reilly, Rebecca M Reynolds, Susan B Roberts, Albertine J Schuit, Anders M Sjödin, Eric Stice, Samuel S Urlacher, Giulio Valenti, Ludo M Van Etten, Edgar A Van Mil, Jonathan C K Wells, George Wilson, Brian M Wood, Jack Yanovski, Tsukasa Yoshida, Xueying Zhang, Alexia J Murphy-Alford, Cornelia U Loechl, Amy H Luke, Jennifer Rood, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Dale A Schoeller, William W Wong, Yosuke Yamada, John R Speakman, Iaea Dlw Database Group

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Understanding the impacts of activity on energy balance is crucial. Increasing levels of activity may bring diminishing returns in energy expenditure because of compensatory responses in non-activity energy expenditures.

Energy Compensation And Adiposity In Humans, Vincent Careau, Susan B Racette, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Understanding the impacts of activity on energy balance is crucial. Increasing levels of activity may bring diminishing returns in energy expenditure because of compensatory responses in non-activity energy expenditures.

Associations Of Diet With Cardiometabolic And Inflammatory Profiles In Pregnant Women At Risk For Metabolic Complications, Kataryna Jaworsky, Jeffrey L. Ebersole, Petar Planinic, Arpita Basu

Dental Medicine Faculty Research

Dietary intakes play an important role in the development of metabolic complications during pregnancy. While reported observational studies reveal an inverse association of healthy diets with weight gain, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive complications during pregnancy, there is a paucity of studies conducted among women of specific ethnicities vulnerable to higher risks of pregnancy complications. This is a secondary cross sectional analysis using baseline data from a previously reported clinical trial. We aim to identify associations of maternal habitual dietary intakes with cardiometabolic risks and inflammatory profiles in primarily African American (AA) and Hispanic women in the first half of pregnancy. …

Immunometabolic Dysregulation At The Intersection Of Obesity And Covid-19, Collins N. Khwatenge, Marquette Pate, Laura C. Miller, Yongming Sang

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Obesity prevails worldwide to an increasing effect. For example, up to 42% of American adults are considered obese. Obese individuals are prone to a variety of complications of metabolic disorders including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Recent meta-analyses of clinical studies in patient cohorts in the ongoing coronavirus-disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic indicate that the presence of obesity and relevant disorders is linked to a more severe prognosis of COVID-19. Given the significance of obesity in COVID-19 progression, we provide a review of host metabolic and immune responses in the immunometabolic dysregulation exaggerated by obesity and the …

Current State Of Pediatric Obesity: Management Trends In An Outpatient Pediatric Clinic, Susan Edlibi, Ryan Rogers, Dina Abdo, Charity Owusu-Asare, Reem Wassef, Mary Coffey, Lihua Qu, Aimee Pollak, Stacey Shubeck, Kerry Mychaliska

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Background: The prevalence of pediatric obesity has increased over the last 30 years resulting inan earlier onset of obesity-related comorbidities. The greatest acceleration of Body Mass Index(BMI) in children has been reported to occur between the ages of 2 and 6 and is associated with anincreased risk of sustained obesity in adulthood. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the characteristics of overweight (BMI at orabove 85th percentile) pediatric patients and current management trends in a single academicoutpatient clinic setting. Design/Methods: This IRB approved retrospective study conducted a chart review of pediatricpatients that presented to an outpatient clinic …

A Systematic Review Of Diet Quality Index And Obesity Among Chinese Adults, Isma'il Kadam, Sudeep Neupane, Jingkai Wei, Lee Ann Fullington, Tricia Li, Ruopeng An, Li Zhao, Amy Ellithorpe, Xinyin Jiang, Liang Wang

Publications and Research

Diet quality scores are designed mainly based on Western-style dietary patterns. They were demonstrated to be good indicators of obesity in developed but not developing countries. Several diet quality scores were developed based on the Chinese dietary guidelines, yet no systematic review exists regarding how they were related to obesity. We searched research articles published between 2000 and 2021 in PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus databases. Both cross-sectional and prospective studies that examined the relationship between a diet quality score and weight, body mass index, obesity, or waist circumference conducted in a Chinese population were selected. From the 602 articles searched, …

Metabolic Changes After Bariatric Surgical Procedures: Metabolic Changes After Bariatric Surgical Procedures, Mohammed Ahmed, Saad Hummady, Falih Algazgooz

Iraqi National Journal of Medicine

Introduction: Obesity is associated with diabetes, dyslipidemia, and increased cardiovascular disease risks. Bariatric surgeries are one of the most reliable ways to treat obesity. Bariatric Surgical procedures started in Basra in 2009 and since then, thousands of surgeries had been made, mainly in Al-Sadr Teaching Hospital.Objective: To prospectively evaluate the short-term effect of bariatric surgical procedures on body mass index (BMI), lipid profile, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and compare the effects of various types of these surgical procedures.Methods: A 12-month prospective study on 73 patients who underwent three types of bariatric surgeries, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy surgery (LSG), laparoscopic REUX-EN-Y gastric …

Pediatric Obesity: A Survey Study Of Patients And Caregivers’ Concern And Interest In Specialized Programs, Dina Abdo, Ryan Rogers, Susan Edlibi, Aimee M. Pollak, Stacey Shubeck, Charity Owusu-Asare, Reem Wassef, Kerry P. Mychaliska

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Background: Body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to the 85th percentile for age and sex is considered overweight in the pediatric population. Pediatric obesity is defined as a BMI at or above the 95th percentile. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), obesity prevalence has tripled over the past fifty years; one in five school-aged children has a diagnosis of obesity. The purpose of this study is to survey caregivers’ perceptions and concerns about their child’s weight, as well as assess patient and caregiver interest in a comprehensive healthy lifestyle program.

Methods: This IRB approved study conducted …

Associations Of Circulating Dimethylarginines With The Metabolic Syndrome In The Framingham Offspring Study, Ibrahim Musa Yola, Carlee Moser, Meredith S. Duncan, Edzard Schwedhelm, Dorothee Atzler, Renke Maas, Juliane Hannemann, Rainer H. Böger, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Vanessa Xanthakis

Biostatistics Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Circulating levels of the endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), are positively associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in cross-sectional investigations. It is unclear if circulating ADMA and other methylarginines are associated with incident MetS prospectively.

METHODS: We related circulating ADMA, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), L-arginine (ARG) concentrations (measured with a validated tandem mass spectrometry assay) and the ARG/ADMA ratio to MetS and its components in 2914 (cross-sectional analysis, logistic regression; mean age 58 years, 55% women) and 1656 (prospective analysis, Cox regression; mean age 56 years, 59% women) individuals from the Framingham Offspring Study …

Comprehensive Characterization Of Covid-19 Patients With Repeatedly Positive Sars-Cov-2 Tests Using A Large Us Electronic Health Record Database, Xiao Dong, Yujia Zhou, Xiao-Ou Shu, Elmer V Bernstam, Rebecca Stern, David M Aronoff, Hua Xu, Loren Lipworth

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In the absence of genome sequencing, two positive molecular tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) separated by negative tests, prolonged time, and symptom resolution remain the best surrogate measure of possible reinfection. Using a large electronic health record database, we characterized clinical and testing data for 23 patients with repeatedly positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results ≥60 days apart, separated by ≥2 consecutive negative test results. The prevalence of chronic medical conditions, symptoms, and severe outcomes related to coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) illness were ascertained. The median age of patients was 64.5 years, 40% were Black, and 39% …

Prevalence, Awareness, And Control Of Hypertension Among Bangladeshi Adults: An Analysis Of Demographic And Health Survey 2017-18, Gulam Muhammed Al Kibria, Rajat Das Gupta Ph.D., Jannatun Nayeem

Faculty Publications

Background

The prevalence of hypertension is increasing in Bangladesh, however, few recent studies investigated the proportion of people and factors associated with prevalence, awareness, and control of this condition in this country. This study investigated these among Bangladeshi adults.

Methods

Using Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18 data, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was employed after descriptive analysis and prevalence estimation.

Results

Among 12,926 persons (mean age: 40 years, 57% women), the prevalence of hypertension was 27.4% (n = 3551), it was 28.4 and 26.2% among females and males, respectively. Among hypertensive people, about 42.4% …

The Role Of Gip Receptor In The Cns For The Pathogenesis Of Obesity, Makoto Fukuda

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) (also known as gastric inhibitory polypeptide) is a hormone produced in the upper gut and secreted to the circulation in response to the ingestion of foods, especially fatty foods. Growing evidence supports the physiological and pharmacological relevance of GIP in obesity. In an obesity setting, inhibition of endogenous GIP or its receptor leads to decreased energy intake, increased energy expenditure, or both, eventually causing weight loss. Further, supraphysiological dosing of exogenous long-lasting GIP agonists alters energy balance and has a marked antiobesity effect. This remarkable yet paradoxical antiobesity effect is suggested to occur primarily via the …

Opportunities To Address Obesity Disparities Among High-Risk Latino Children And Adolescents, Erica G Soltero, Teresia M O'Connor, Deborah Thompson, Gabriel Q Shaibi

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Purpose of review: This review highlights obesity-related disparities among Latino children and adolescents, discusses the social determinants of health (SDoH) that drive disparities, and presents case studies of strategies for reducing disparities and promoting health equity.

Recent findings: Recommended strategies for reducing obesity-related disparities include the use of culturally grounded programming, multi-sector collaborations, and technology. We present two exemplar studies that demonstrate that integrating cultural values and enhancing the overall cultural fit of prevention programs can increase engagement among high-risk Latino families. We also examine the use of multi-sector collaborations to build community capacity and address key SDoH that impact …

Theoretical Mediators Of Diabetes Risk And Quality Of Life Following A Diabetes Prevention Program For Latino Youth With Obesity, Erica G Soltero, Stephanie L Ayers, Marvyn A Avalos, Armando Peña, Allison N Williams, Micah L Olson, Yolanda P Konopken, Felipe G Castro, Kimberly J Arcoleo, Colleen S Keller, Donald L Patrick, Justin Jager, Gabriel Q Shaibi

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Purpose: This study tested self-efficacy and social support for activity and dietary changes as mediators of changes in type 2 diabetes related outcomes following a lifestyle intervention among Latino youth.

Setting and intervention: Latino adolescents (14-16 years) with obesity (BMI% = 98.1 ± 1.4) were randomized to a 3-month intervention (n = 67) that fostered self-efficacy and social support through weekly, family-centered sessions or a comparison condition (n = 69).

Measures: Primary outcomes included insulin sensitivity and weight specific quality of life. Mediators included self-efficacy, friend, and family social support for health behaviors. Data was collected at baseline, 3-months, 6-months, …

Food Addiction And Obesity, Lisa Ling

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The obesity rate in the U.S. adult population has increased to epidemic levels despite attempts to decrease obesity through evidence-based knowledge, clinical practice guidelines, medical interventions, and individual efforts. For certain individuals, food addiction behaviors such as food cravings, loss of control, and binge eating contribute to obesity and require a different approach to care. Little work has been done on adding the possibility of food addiction to obesity screening and treatment. This study utilized a quasi-experimental quantitative pre- and postsurvey research design based on Lewin’s change theory. Nurse practitioners were surveyed regarding the provider’s perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs about …

Prevalence And Subgroup Comparisons Of Obesity And Severe Obesity Among Mississippi Public School Students, Lei Zhang, Xiaoshan Z. Gordy, Jerome Kolbo, Jacquelynn Johnson

Faculty Publications

This study examined the prevalence of obesity and severe obesity among Mississippi K-12 public school students and the obesity rate differences within subgroups categorized by sex, race, and grade level. Anthropometric data from a weighted, representative sample of Mississippi public school students were collected through the biennial Child and Youth Prevalence of Obesity Survey (CAYPOS). Overall prevalence rates and those of the subgroups were calculated and compared. The 2017 data indicated that overall 23.7% of Mississippi public schools students met the criterion of class I obesity, 9.1% met the criterion of class II obesity, and 3.2% met the criterion of …