Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Contemporaneous Symptom Networks Of Multidimensional Symptom Experiences In Cancer Survivors: A Network Analysis, Zheng Zhu, Yanling Sun, Yi Kuang, Xiaoyi Yuan, Haiyan Gu, Jing Zhu, Weijie Xing

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Symptom networks can provide empirical evidence for the development of personalized and precise symptom management strategies. However, few studies have explored the symptom networks of multidimensional symptom experiences in cancer survivors. The objectives of this study were to generate symptom networks of multidimensional symptom experiences in cancer survivors and explore the centrality indices and density in these symptom networks METHODS: Data from 1065 cancer survivors were obtained from the Shanghai CANcer Survivor (SCANS) Report. The MD Anderson Symptom Inventory was used to assess the prevalence and severity of 13 cancer-related symptoms. We constructed contemporaneous networks with all 13 symptoms …

A Bibliometric And Visual Analysis Of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts, Wei-Chen Yuan, Jie-Xiang Zhang, Hai-Bin Chen, Ying Yuan, Yu-Pei Zhuang, Hong-Li Zhou, Mu-Han Li, Wen-Li Qiu, Hong-Guang Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) represent the predominant stromal component within the tumour microenvironment (TME), exhibiting considerable heterogeneity and plasticity that significantly impact immune response and metabolic reprogramming within the TME, thereby influencing tumour progression. Consequently, investigating CAFs is of utmost importance. The objective of this study is to employ bibliometric analysis in order to evaluate the current state of research on CAFs and predict future areas of research and emerging trends.

Methods: Conduct a comprehensive search for scholarly publications within the Web of Science Core Collection database, encompassing the time period from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2022. Apply …

Risk Factors Associated With Severe Clostridioides Difficile Infection In Patients With Cancer, Denise Marie A Francisco, Liangliang Zhang, Ying Jiang, Adilene Olvera, Javier Adachi, Eduardo Yepez Guevara, Samuel L Aitken, Kevin W Garey, Christine B Peterson, Kim-Anh Do, Ryan Dillon, Engels N Obi, Robert Jenq, Pablo C Okhuysen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Antibiotic use is a risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Few studies have correlated use of prior antibiotic classes with CDI, microbiome composition, and disease severity in patients with cancer. We hypothesized that previous antibiotic exposure and fecal microbiome composition at time of presentation are risk factors for severe CDI in patients with cancer.

METHODS: This non-interventional, prospective, cohort study examined 200 patients with cancer who had their first episode or first recurrence of CDI. C. difficile was identified using nucleic acid amplification testing. Univariate analysis was used to determine significant risk factors for severe CDI. Fecal microbiome …

Self-Assembling Peptides As Immunomodulatory Biomaterials, Andrea Hernandez, Jeffrey D Hartgerink, Simon Young

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Self-assembling peptides are a type of biomaterial rapidly emerging in the fields of biomedicine and material sciences due to their promise in biocompatibility and effectiveness at controlled release. These self-assembling peptides can form diverse nanostructures in response to molecular interactions, making them versatile materials. Once assembled, the peptides can mimic biological functions and provide a combinatorial delivery of therapeutics such as cytokines and drugs. These self-assembling peptides are showing success in biomedical settings yet face unique challenges that must be addressed to be widely applied in the clinic. Herein, we describe self-assembling peptides' characteristics and current applications in immunomodulatory therapeutics.

Pilot Study Of A Spanish Language Measure Of Financial Toxicity In Underserved Hispanic Cancer Patients With Low English Proficiency, Julia J Shi, Gwendolyn J Mcginnis, Susan K Peterson, Nicolette Taku, Ying-Shiuan Chen, Robert K Yu, Chi-Fang Wu, Tito R Mendoza, Sanjay S Shete, Hilary Ma, Robert J Volk, Sharon H Giordano, Ya-Chen T Shih, Diem-Khanh Nguyen, Kelsey W Kaiser, Grace L Smith

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Financial toxicity (FT) reflects multi-dimensional personal economic hardships borne by cancer patients. It is unknown whether measures of FT-to date derived largely from English-speakers-adequately capture economic experiences and financial hardships of medically underserved low English proficiency US Hispanic cancer patients. We piloted a Spanish language FT instrument in this population.

METHODS: We piloted a Spanish version of the Economic Strain and Resilience in Cancer (ENRICh) FT measure using qualitative cognitive interviews and surveys in un-/under-insured or medically underserved, low English proficiency, Spanish-speaking Hispanics (UN-Spanish,

RESULTS: UN-Spanish Hispanic participants reported high acceptability of the instrument (only 0% responded that the …

Translating Energy Balance Research From The Bench To The Clinic To The Community: Parallel Animal-Human Studies In Cancer, Miriam B Garcia, Keri L Schadler, Joya Chandra, Steven K Clinton, Kerry S Courneya, Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate, Carrie R Daniel, Andrew J Dannenberg, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Mark W Dewhirst, Carol J Fabian, Stephen D Hursting, Melinda L Irwin, Neil M Iyengar, Jennifer L Mcquade, Kathryn H Schmitz, Karen Basen-Engquist

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Advances in energy balance and cancer research to date have largely occurred in siloed work in rodents or patients. However, substantial benefit can be derived from parallel studies in which animal models inform the design of clinical and population studies or in which clinical observations become the basis for animal studies. The conference Translating Energy Balance from Bench to Communities: Application of Parallel Animal-Human Studies in Cancer, held in July 2021, convened investigators from basic, translational/clinical, and population science research to share knowledge, examples of successful parallel studies, and strong research to move the field of energy balance and cancer …

Structural And Solution Speciation Studies On Selected [Cu(Nn)(Oo)] Complexes And An Investigation Of Their Biomimetic Activity, Ros Generation And Their Cytotoxicity In Normoxic, Hypoxic And Anoxic Environments In Mcf-7 Breast Cancer-Derived Cells, Hollie Jenkins

Articles

Reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation with subsequent DNA damage is one of the principle mechanisms of action assigned to copper-based anticancer complexes. The efficacy of this type of chemotherapeutic may be reduced in the low oxygen environment of tumours. In this study the cytotoxicity of three complexes, [Cu(dips)(phen)] (1), [Cu(ph)(phen)]·2H2O (2) and [Cu(ph)(bpy)]·H2O (3) (disp: 3,5-diisopropylsalicylate, phen: 1,10- phenanthroline, ph: phthalate, bpy: 2,2′-bipyridyl) were assessed for anticancer activity in the breast-cancer derived MCF-7 line under normoxic, hypoxic and anoxic conditions. In an immortalised keratinocyte HaCaT cell line, the cytotoxicity of complexes 2 and 3 was significantly reduced under both normoxic and …

Msdrp: A Deep Learning Model Based On Multisource Data For Predicting Drug Response, Haochen Zhao, Xiaoyu Zhang, Qichang Zhao, Yaohang Li, Jianxin Wang

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Motivation: Cancer heterogeneity drastically affects cancer therapeutic outcomes. Predicting drug response in vitro is expected to help formulate personalized therapy regimens. In recent years, several computational models based on machine learning and deep learning have been proposed to predict drug response in vitro. However, most of these methods capture drug features based on a single drug description (e.g. drug structure), without considering the relationships between drugs and biological entities (e.g. target, diseases, and side effects). Moreover, most of these methods collect features separately for drugs and cell lines but fail to consider the pairwise interactions between drugs and cell …

Adverse Events Of Immune Checkpoint Therapy Alone Versus When Combined With Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors: A Pooled Meta-Analysis Of 1735 Patients, Iuliia Kovalenko, Wern Lynn Ng, Yimin Geng, Yinghong Wang, Pavlos Msaouel, Shailender Bhatia, Petros Grivas, Raed Benkhadra, Omar Alhalabi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Combining immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) and vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (VEGFi) may result in increased treatment-related and immune-related adverse events (TRAEs and irAEs) compared to ICT alone. This metanalysis was conducted to identify prospective phase II or III clinical studies that evaluated the toxicity profile of ICT + VEGFi compared to ICT alone.

Methods: A systematic search was performed across all cancer types and major databases until August 10, 2022, and screening was done by two independent investigators. Inclusion criteria included phase 2 or 3 studies with at least one arm of patients treated with combination therapy and …

The Kynurenine Pathway Presents Multi-Faceted Metabolic Vulnerabilities In Cancer, Ricardo A León-Letelier, Rongzhang Dou, Jody Vykoukal, Ali Hussein Abdel Sater, Edwin Ostrin, Samir Hanash, Johannes F Fahrmann

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The kynurenine pathway (KP) and associated catabolites play key roles in promoting tumor progression and modulating the host anti-tumor immune response. To date, considerable focus has been on the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and its catabolite, kynurenine (Kyn). However, increasing evidence has demonstrated that downstream KP enzymes and their associated metabolite products can also elicit tumor-microenvironment immune suppression. These advancements in our understanding of the tumor promotive role of the KP have led to the conception of novel therapeutic strategies to target the KP pathway for anti-cancer effects and reversal of immune escape. This review aims to 1) …

Reporting And Mapping Research Evidence On Perceptions Of Clinical Hypnosis Among The General Population And Patients Receiving Health Care Including Cancer Care: A Scoping Review, Malwina Szmaglinska, Deborah Kirk, Lesley Andrew

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Despite empirical evidence supporting clinical hypnosis for numerous conditions, its utilization in healthcare is limited due to skepticism and misconceptions. This review identifies and maps research on clinical hypnosis perceptions among the general population, healthcare patients, and more specifically patients with cancer. A systematic search following JBI PRISMA ScR guidelines was conducted in EBSCOhost, ProQuest, PubMed, and PMC, resulting in 18 peer-reviewed, English language articles (2000–2023). Most studies employed quantitative methods, which were complemented by some qualitative and one mixed-methods approach. The results found attitudes toward hypnotherapy, especially when administered by licensed professionals, are consistently positive; however, awareness of hypnosis …

Cannabis- And Substance-Related Carcinogenesis In Europe: A Lagged Causal Inferential Panel Regression Study, Albert S. Reece, Kellie Bennett, Gary K. Hulse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Recent European data facilitate an epidemiological investigation of the controversial cannabis–cancer relationship. Of particular concern were prior findings associating high-dose cannabis use with reproductive problems and potential genetic impacts. Cancer incidence data age-standardised to the world population was obtained from the European Cancer Information System 2000–2020 and many European national cancer registries. Drug use data were obtained from the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Alcohol and tobacco consumption was sourced from the WHO. Median household income was taken from the World bank. Cancer rates in high-cannabis-use countries were significantly higher than elsewhere ( -estimate = 0.4165, p …

Incidence And Mortality Of Uveal Melanoma In Australia (1982–2014), Aaron B. Beasley, David B. Preen, Samuel Mclenachan, Elin S. Gray, Fred K. Chen

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Aims:

We aimed to estimate the incidence and mortality of uveal melanoma (UM) in Australia from 1982 to 2014.

Methods:

Deidentified unit data for all cases of ocular melanoma were extracted from the Australian Cancer Database from 1 January 1982 to 31 December 2014. UM cases were extracted and trends in incidence and disease-specific mortality were calculated. Incidence rates were age-standardised against the 2001 Australian Standard Population. Mortality was assessed using Cox regression.

Results:

From 1982 to 2014, there were 5087 cases of ocular melanoma in Australia, of which 4617 were classified as UM. The average age-standardised incidence rate of …

Editorial: Viral Infection, Tumor Development And Host Immune Response, Xin Li, Liwei An, Yucui Jin, Jun Gui, Weitao Lin, Zhenke Wen, Muzaffer Ahmad Kassab, Jie Chen

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Cancer is a devastating disease that remains a leading cause of death worldwide. According to recent statistics, cancer was responsible for 10 million deaths in 2020 alone (Ferlay et al., 2021). Of these cases, viral infections associated cancers have been found to contribute to a significant proportion, with chronic infections such as hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV), human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) being particularly noteworthy. Inflammation and immune response are also closely linked to tumorigenesis, making it crucial to understand how viral infections and host immune response contribute to cancer development …

Multimodal Exercise In Older Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Undergoing First-Line Chemotherapy: A Case Series Examining Feasibility And Preliminary Efficacy, Hao Luo, Daniel A. Galvão, Robert U. Newton, Colin I. Tang, Nigel Spry, Dennis R. Taaffe

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose. Exercise is emerging as an adjunct therapy to cancer treatment; however, its role in older patients with advanced pancreatic cancer undergoing first-line chemotherapy is unclear. The aim of this study was to primarily provide evidence on feasibility with an exploratory examination of the initial efficacy of exercise in this clinical setting.

Materials and Methods. Six patients aged 60–75 years with de novo or recurrent advanced pancreatic cancer undergoing first-line chemotherapy consented to participate in twice-weekly exercise that included resistance and aerobic training and boxing-related activities for up to 12 weeks. Patients were monitored for attendance, adherence, and …

Vitamin K1 Intake And Incident Diabetes In The Danish Diet Cancer And Health Study: Supplemental Information, Pratik Pokharel, Jamie W. Bellinge, Frederik Dalgaard, Kevin Murray, Marc Sim, Bu B. Yeap, Emma Connolly, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Catherine P. Bondonno, Joshua Lewis, Gunnar Gislason, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Carl Schulz, Nicola P. Bondonno

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

No abstract provided.

Systemic Treatment Of Advanced And Metastatic Urothelial Cancer: The Landscape In Australia, Howard Gurney, Timothy D. Clay, Niara Oliveira, Shirley Wong, Ben Tran, Carole Harris

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The 5-year survival rate of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) is estimated to be as low as 5%. Currently, systemic platinum-based chemotherapy followed by avelumab maintenance therapy is the only first-line treatment for mUC that has an overall survival benefit. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy (usually in combination with gemcitabine) is the preferred treatment but carboplatin is substituted where contraindications to cisplatin exist. Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and kinase inhibitors has not yet demonstrated superiority to chemotherapy as first-line therapy and remains investigational in this setting. A recent media release indicates that chemotherapy plus nivolumab gives an OS advantage as first-line …

The Effect Of Hydrochlorothiazide On The Recurrence Of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: A 7-Year Retrospective Study Comprising 300 Patients, Burak Özkan, Süleyman Savran, Kadri̇ Akinci, Abbas Albayati̇, Pinar İncel Uysal, Ahmet Çağri Uysal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) possesses well-described photosensitizing properties, and a causal association with nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) was recently shown. However, previous studies have not shown whether HCTZ use is associated with the risk of recurrence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This study aims to investigate the association between HCTZ use and recurrence in patients with NMSC. Materials and methods: We identified cases with NMSC from our hospital archives during the period between 2013 and 2019. Patients were divided into groups according to the pathological diagnosis, HCTZ use, and recurrence. Multivariable analysis was performed to determine …

Anti-Cancer Mechanisms Of Action Of Therapeutic Alternating Electric Fields (Tumor Treating Fields [Ttfields]), Shadi Shams, Chirag B Patel

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite improved survival outcomes across many cancer types, the prognosis remains grim for certain solid organ cancers including glioblastoma and pancreatic cancer. Invariably in these cancers, the control achieved by time-limited interventions such as traditional surgical resection, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy is short-lived. A new form of anti-cancer therapy called therapeutic alternating electric fields (AEFs) or tumor treating fields (TTFields) has been shown, either by itself or in combination with chemotherapy, to have anti-cancer effects that translate to improved survival outcomes in patients. Although the pre-clinical and clinical data are promising, the mechanisms of TTFields are not fully elucidated. Many …

Clinical Cancer And Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Test Result-Sharing Behavior: Findings From Hints 2020, Sukh Makhnoon, Robert Yu, Susan K Peterson, Sanjay Shete

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Sharing genetic test results with different stakeholders such as family members, healthcare providers and genetic counselors (HCP/GCs), spouses/partners, and friends is a health behavior of clinical importance in genomic medicine.

METHODS: Using nationally representative population-based data collected from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 5, cycle 4), we identified the prevalence and factors associated with genetic test result-sharing behavior for high-risk cancer tests, genetic health risk tests, and ancestry tests within four groups: HCP/GCs, first-degree relatives (FDRs), spouse/partner, and friend/other.

RESULTS: Overall, 68.4% of those who underwent high-risk cancer genetic testing shared their results with FDRs, whereas 89.9% …

Nurse-Led Education On Oral Chemotherapy Medications, Carmen Lucia Glick Alonso

Master's Projects and Capstones

Problem: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death among women in the United States. Annually, around 264,000 breast cancer cases are diagnosed in women and 2,400 in men (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022). According to the American Cancer Society, the risk of a woman in the United States being diagnosed with breast cancer in their life is around 13% (2022).

Context: Along with a cancer diagnosis comes the need to introduce patient education about new oral chemotherapy treatments. As a treatment team member, the oncology nurse plays a vital role in this …

Nanoparticle Conjugated Photosensitizer For Targeted Photodynamic Inactivation Of Cancer Cells, Symone D. Crowder

Honors College Theses

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered to be a potential replacement for traditional methods of chemotherapy. It includes the administration of photosensitizing agents (PS), which generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon excitation at a specific wavelength. With new outlooks and techniques, cancer research is advancing each day. It has allowed the progress of several theranostic drug delivery systems (DDS) exploring the area of nanomedicine.2 In the present work, a Rhodamine derivative, Rhodamine 6G (R6G) was used as the PS. In general, rhodamine compounds undergo cytotoxic reactions on photoexcitation by electron transfer reactions with folic acid within cells, making them a favorable …

3d Imaging Analysis On An Organoid-Based Platform Guides Personalized Treatment In Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Ya'an Kang, Jenying Deng, Jianhua Ling, Xinqun Li, Yi-Ju Chiang, Eugene J Koay, Huamin Wang, Jared K Burks, Paul J Chiao, Mark W Hurd, Manoop S Bhutani, Jeffrey H Lee, Brian R Weston, Anirban Maitra, Naruhiko Ikoma, Ching-Wei D Tzeng, Jeffrey E Lee, Ronald A Depinho, Robert A Wolff, Shubham Pant, Florencia Mcallister, Matthew Hg Katz, Jason B Fleming, Michael P Kim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUNDPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, with unpredictable responses to chemotherapy. Approaches to assay patient tumors before treatment and identify effective treatment regimens based on tumor sensitivities are lacking. We developed an organoid-based platform (OBP) to visually quantify patient-derived organoid (PDO) responses to drug treatments and associated tumor-stroma modulation for personalized PDAC therapy.METHODSWe retrospectively quantified apoptotic responses and tumor-stroma cell proportions in PDOs via 3D immunofluorescence imaging through annexin A5, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and cytokeratin 19 (CK-19) levels. Simultaneously, an ex vivo organoid drug sensitivity assay (ODSA) was used to measure responses to standard-of-care …

Pyrvinium Pamoate: Past, Present, And Future As An Anti-Cancer Drug, Christopher W Schultz, Avinoam Nevler

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Pyrvinium, a lipophilic cation belonging to the cyanine dye family, has been used in the clinic as a safe and effective anthelminthic for over 70 years. Its structure, similar to some polyaminopyrimidines and mitochondrial-targeting peptoids, has been linked with mitochondrial localization and targeting. Over the past two decades, increasing evidence has emerged showing pyrvinium to be a strong anti-cancer molecule in various human cancers in vitro and in vivo. This efficacy against cancers has been attributed to diverse mechanisms of action, with the weight of evidence supporting the inhibition of mitochondrial function, the WNT pathway, and cancer stem cell renewal. …

Indwelling Pleural Catheterization Maximizes Functionality And Quality Of Life In Management Of Recurrent Malignant Pleural Effusions, Avinash Ramkissoon

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A clinical decision report using:

Davies HE, Mishra EK, Kahan BC, et al. Effect of an indwelling pleural catheter vs chest tube and talc pleurodesis for relieving dyspnea in patients with malignant pleural effusion: The TIME2 randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Assoc. 2012;307(22):2383-2389. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.5535

for the management of recurrent malignant pleural effusions in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Labrad : Vol 47, Issue 2 - December 2022, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi

LABRAD - Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Radiology Archives

• From the Editor’s Desk
• Case Quiz
• Contrast Enhanced Spectral Mammography Clinical Usefulness of Biochemical Parameters in Prenatal Diagnosis of Down Syndrome In First and Second Trimester
• The Science of Efficiency in a Clinical Laboratory
• Updates in new WHO Blue Book
• Monkeypox vs. COVID-19
• From the Diary of a Researcher- Notes on Understanding Beta-Thalassemia and Metabolic Bone Disease
• Significance of Audit in a Clinical Laboratory
• Microsatellite Instability (MSI) Testing
• Pre-Analytical Variables Affecting Coagulation Testing
• Grading of Soft Tissue Sarcomas
• Recent Updates in 2022 WHO Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms
• MMR and MSI Testing in Malignancies
• Transforming Pedagogical Framework of Pathology through Social …

Targeting The Pi3k Pathway In Gynecologic Malignancies, Monica Avila, Michaela Onstad Grinsfelder, Melissa Pham, Shannon N Westin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose of review: This review explores the PI3K pathway aberrations common in gynecologic malignancies, the relevant therapeutic targets that have been explored to date particularly given their success in endometrial cancers, and predictive biomarkers of response to therapy.

Recent findings: Landmark trials have been noted involving this pathway, particularly in endometrial cancers. One phase II trial of the potent orally bioavailable mTOR inhibitor, everolimus, in combination with letrozole demonstrated an unprecedented clinical benefit rate (CBR) of 40% and high objective response rate (RR) of 32% in hormone agnostic endometrial cancers. This was followed by GOG 3007 that compared everolimus and …

Prevalence Of Distress And Its Associated Factors Among Caregivers Of People Diagnosed With Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study, Deborah L. Kirk, Istvan Kabdebo, Lisa Whitehead

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aims and Objectives: To (i) determine prevalence of distress among caregivers of people living with cancer, (ii) describe caregivers’ most commonly reported problems and (iii) investigate which factors were associated with caregivers’ distress. Background: The psychological distress associated with a cancer diagnosis jointly impacts those living with cancer and their caregivers(s). As the provision of clinical support moves towards a dyadic model, understanding the factors associated with caregivers’ distress is increasingly important. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Distress screening data were analysed for 956 caregivers (family and friends) of cancer patients accessing the Cancer Council Western Australia information and support line …

The Impact Of The 2022 Ukraine/Russian Conflict On Cancer Clinical Trials, Alice Talbot, Sophia G. Connor, Kate Austin, Tara Hannon, Eli Gabbay, Timothy D. Clay

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Since the invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, clinical trial conduct has become extremely challenging due to damage to the healthcare infrastructure and patient displacement. This current study aimed to estimate the number of cancer clinical trials at risk of impact from the conflict. A descriptive analysis and narrative review were completed using data from cancer clinical trials with sites in Russia or Ukraine using the ‘clinical trials.gov’ online database between February 2022 and May 2022. There were 508 clinical trials involving sites in Ukraine or Russia. Most were multinational studies (470 of 508; 93 %). The majority of studies …

Coating Formulation Change Leads To Inferior Performance Of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets In Papua New Guinea, Nakei Bubun, Evodia Anetul, Melanie Koinari, Timothy W Freeman, Stephan Karl

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) play a key role in reducing malaria transmission in endemic countries. In a previous study, the authors demonstrated a substantial decrease in the bioefficacy of LLINs for malaria prevention delivered to Papua New Guinea (PNG) between 2013 and 2019. This coincided with a rise in malaria cases in the country. The present study was aimed at determining the underlying cause of the reduced bioefficacy observed in these LLINs. The main hypothesis was that a change in the coating formulation of the respective LLIN product was responsible, and had led to significantly altered product properties and …