Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Long-Term Outcomes After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation For Multiple Sclerosis., Paolo A Muraro, Marcelo Pasquini, Harold L Atkins, James D Bowen, Dominique Farge, Athanasios Fassas, Mark S Freedman, George E Georges, Francesca Gualandi, Nelson Hamerschlak, Eva Havrdova, Vassilios K Kimiskidis, Tomas Kozak, Giovanni L Mancardi, Luca Massacesi, Daniela A Moraes, Richard A Nash, Steven Pavletic, Jian Ouyang, Montserrat Rovira, Albert Saiz, Belinda Simoes, Marek Trnený, Lin Zhu, Manuela Badoglio, Xiaobo Zhong, Maria Pia Sormani, Riccardo Saccardi

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Importance: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) may be effective in aggressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) that fail to respond to standard therapies.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term outcomes in patients who underwent AHSCT for the treatment of MS in a large multicenter cohort.

Design, Setting, and Participants: Data were obtained in a multicenter, observational, retrospective cohort study. Eligibility criteria were receipt of AHSCT for the treatment of MS between January 1995 and December 2006 and the availability of a prespecified minimum data set comprising the disease subtype at baseline; the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score at baseline; …

A Randomized Controlled Trial Of Ethyl Glucuronide-Based Contingency Management For Outpatients With Co-Occurring Alcohol Use Disorders And Serious Mental Illness., Michael G Mcdonell, Emily Leickly, Sterling Mcpherson, Jordan Skalisky, Debra Srebnik, Frank Angelo, Roger Vilardaga, Jenny R Nepom, John M Roll, Richard K Ries

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined whether a contingency management intervention using the ethyl glucuronide (EtG) alcohol biomarker resulted in increased alcohol abstinence in outpatients with co-occurring serious mental illnesses. Secondary objectives were to determine whether contingency management was associated with changes in heavy drinking, treatment attendance, drug use, cigarette smoking, psychiatric symptoms, and HIV-risk behavior.

METHOD: Seventy-nine (37% female, 44% nonwhite) outpatients with serious mental illness and alcohol dependence receiving treatment as usual completed a 4-week observation period and were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of contingency management for EtG-negative urine samples and addiction treatment attendance, or reinforcement only for study …

A Prospective Study Of Maternal, Fetal And Neonatal Outcomes In The Setting Of Cesarean Section In Low- And Middle-Income Countries., Margo S. Harrison, Omrana Pasha, Sarah Saleem, Sumera Ali, Elwyn Chomba, Waldemar A. Carlo, Ana L. Garces, Nancy F. Krebs, K. Michael Hambidge, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Bhala Kodkany, Sangappa Dhaded, Richard J. Derman, Archana Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Fabian Esamai, Edward A. Liechty, Janet L. Moore, Dennis Wallace, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Menachem Miodovnik, Marion Koso-Thomas, Jose Belizan, Antoinette K. Tshefu, Melissa Bauserman, Robert L. Goldenberg

Global Health Articles

INTRODUCTION: Cesarean section (CS) rates are increasing globally with an unclear effect on pregnancy outcomes. The study objective was to quantify maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with CS compared with vaginal delivery (VD) both within and across sites in low- and middle-income countries.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective population-based study including home and facility births in 337 153 women with a VD and 47 308 women with a CS from 2010 to 2015 was performed in Guatemala, India, Kenya, Pakistan, Zambia and Democratic Republic of Congo. Women were enrolled during pregnancy; delivery and 6-week follow-up data were collected. …

Buprenorphine Physician Supply: Relationship With State-Level Prescription Opioid Mortality, Hannah K. Knudsen, Jennifer R. Havens, Michelle R. Lofwall, Jamie L. Studts, Sharon L. Walsh

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

Background: Buprenorphine is an effective treatment for opioid use disorder but the supply of buprenorphine physicians is currently inadequate to address the nation’s prescription opioid crisis. Perception of need due to rising opioid overdose rates is one possible reason for physicians to adopt buprenorphine. This study examined associations between rates of growth in buprenorphine physicians and prescription opioid overdose mortality rates in US states.

Methods: The total buprenorphine physician supply and number of physicians approved to treat 100 patients (per 100,000 population) were measured from June 2013 to January 2016. States were divided into two groups: those with rates of …

Diet And Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Intervention Study., Jacob M. Taylor, Jill M. Hamilton-Reeves, Debra K. Sullivan, Cheryl A. Gibson, Catherine Creed, Susan E. Carlson, Donald E. Wesson, Jared J. Grantham

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Dietary sodium, protein, acid precursors, and water have been linked to cyst growth in polycystic kidney disease; yet, no studies in patients have examined the feasibility of using a dietary intervention that controls all of these factors. The aim of this study was to determine if a diet, appropriate for persons of most ages, reduces the excretion of sodium, urea, acid, and decreases mean urine osmolality while gaining acceptance by patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).

METHODS: Twelve adults with ADPKD enrolled in a pre-post pilot feasibility study and served as their own controls. Individuals …

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation In A Patient With Unicuspid Aortic Valve, Angelo Nascimbene, Pranav Loyalka, Igor D Gregoric, Ricardo Bellera, Maan Malahfji, Marija Petrovic, Biswajit Kar

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with bicuspid aortic valves has been successfully performed, but there is a lack of published experience in percutaneous treatment of patients with unicuspid valves and severe aortic stenosis. We describe a case of TAVR in such a patient.

A 31-year-old woman with Turner syndrome—who had undergone coarctation repair via subclavian flap at age 7 days and an aortic valvotomy at age 6 weeks—presented with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. She was deemed inoperable because of her severe pulmonary hypertension and numerous comorbidities; consequently, a 20-mm Edwards Sapien 3 Transcatheter Heart Valve was offered for …

Fine-Mapping The Mhc Locus In Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (Jia) Reveals Genetic Heterogeneity Corresponding To Distinct Adult Inflammatory Arthritic Diseases., A Hinks, J Bowes, J Cobb, H C. Ainsworth, M C. Marion, M E. Comeau, M Sudman, B Han, Juvenile Arthritis Consortium For Immunochip, Mara L. Becker, J F. Bohnsack, P I W De Bakker, J P. Haas, M Hazen, D J. Lovell, P A. Nigrovic, E Nordal, M Punnaro, A M. Rosenberg, M Rygg, S L. Smith, C A. Wise, V Videm, L R. Wedderburn, A Yarwood, R S M Yeung, S Prahalad, C D. Langefeld, S Raychaudhuri, S D. Thompson, W Thomson

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVES: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous group of diseases, comprising seven categories. Genetic data could potentially be used to help redefine JIA categories and improve the current classification system. The human leucocyte antigen (HLA) region is strongly associated with JIA. Fine-mapping of the region was performed to look for similarities and differences in HLA associations between the JIA categories and define correspondences with adult inflammatory arthritides.

METHODS: Dense genotype data from the HLA region, from the Immunochip array for 5043 JIA cases and 14 390 controls, were used to impute single-nucleotide polymorphisms, HLA classical alleles and amino acids. …

The Burden Of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases In Adults, Jerika Lam, Jeff Goad

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

"The CDC reports that a low trend for influenza, human papilloma virus (HPV), pneumococcal, hepatitis B (for health care providers), and herpes zoster vaccinations continues to persist among adults.4 These poor vaccination rates could be attributed to gaps in insurance coverage, personal beliefs, and disparities in access to vaccines. As a result, the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases translates into significant social, public health, and economic costs within our society."

Lactational Stage Of Pasteurized Human Donor Milk Contributes To Nutrient Limitations For Infants., Christina J Valentine, Georgia Morrow, Amanda Reisinger, Kelly A Dingess, Ardythe L Morrow, Lynette K Rogers

Women’s Health Articles

BACKGROUND: Mother's own milk is the first choice for feeding preterm infants, but when not available, pasteurized human donor milk (PDM) is often used. Infants fed PDM have difficulties maintaining appropriate growth velocities. To assess the most basic elements of nutrition, we tested the hypotheses that fatty acid and amino acid composition of PDM is highly variable and standard pooling practices attenuate variability; however, total nutrients may be limiting without supplementation due to late lactational stage of the milk.

METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional sampling of milk was obtained from five donor milk banks located in Ohio, Michigan, Colorado, Texas-Ft Worth, …

Phase I First-In-Human Study Of Venetoclax In Patients With Relapsed Or Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma., Matthew S Davids, Andrew W Roberts, John F Seymour, John M Pagel, Brad S Kahl, William G Wierda, Soham Puvvada, Thomas J Kipps, Mary Ann Anderson, Ahmed Hamed Salem, Martin Dunbar, Ming Zhu, Franklin Peale, Jeremy A Ross, Lori Gressick, Monali Desai, Su Young Kim, Maria Verdugo, Rod A Humerickhouse, Gary B Gordon, John F Gerecitano

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Purpose B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) overexpression is common in many non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes. A phase I trial in patients with NHL was conducted to determine safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of venetoclax, a selective, potent, orally bioavailable BCL-2 inhibitor. Patients and Methods A total of 106 patients with relapsed or refractory NHL received venetoclax once daily until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity at target doses from 200 to 1,200 mg in dose-escalation and safety expansion cohorts. Treatment commenced with a 3-week dose ramp-up period for most patients in dose-escalation cohorts and for all patients in safety expansion. Results NHL subtypes included …

Mri Ventilation Abnormalities Predict Quality-Of-Life And Lung Function Changes In Mild-To-Moderate Copd: Longitudinal Tincan Study, Miranda Kirby, Rachel L Eddy, Damien Pike, Sarah Svenningsen, Harvey O Coxson, Don D Sin, David G Mccormack, Grace Parraga

Medical Biophysics Publications

CT biomarkers of emphysema (15th percentile of the CT density histogram, HU15%) and airways disease (wall thickness of airways with 10 mm internal perimeter, Pi10) have shown promise for providing prognostic information.2 Although recent data3 showed that the change in CT emphysema may be used to estimate the efficacy of therapy in patients with α-1-antitrypsin-deficiency, thus far none of the currently developed CT biomarkers have been shown to reflect changes in outcomes that are important to patients with COPD. MRI with inhaled noble gases provide highly sensitive and unique microstructural and functional information in COPD.4 MRI biomarkers of COPD are …

Cpt1a Methylation Is Associated With Plasma Adiponectin, S. Aslibekyan, A. N. Do, H. Xu, S. Li, M. R. Irvin, D Zhi, H. K. Tiwari, D. M. Absher, A. R. Shuldiner, T. Zhang, W. Chen, K. Tanner, C. Hong, B. D. Mitchell, G. Berenson, Donna K. Arnett

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background and Aims—Adiponectin, an adipose-secreted protein that has been linked to insulin sensitivity, plasma lipids, and inflammatory patterns, is an established biomarker for metabolic health. Despite clinical relevance and high heritability, the determinants of plasma adiponectin levels remain poorly understood.

Methods and Results—We conducted the first epigenome-wide cross-sectional study of adiponectin levels using methylation data on 368,051 cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites in CD4+ T-cells from the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN, n= 991). We fit linear mixed models, adjusting for age, sex, study site, T-cell purity, and family. We have identified a positive association (regression …

The Efficacy And Safety Of Apremilast, Etanercept And Placebo In Patients With Moderate-To-Severe Plaque Psoriasis: 52-Week Results From A Phase Iiib, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial (Liberate)., K Reich, M Gooderham, L Green, A Bewley, Z Zhang, I Khanskaya, R M Day, J Goncalves, K Shah, V Piguet, J Soung

Dermatology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Apremilast, an oral, small-molecule phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate efficacy and safety of apremilast vs. placebo in biologic-naive patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis and safety of switching from etanercept to apremilast in a phase IIIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (NCT01690299).

METHODS: Two hundred and fifty patients were randomized to placebo (n = 84), apremilast 30 mg BID (n = 83) or etanercept 50 mg QW (n = 83) through Week 16; thereafter, all patients continued or switched to apremilast through Week 104. The primary efficacy endpoint was achievement of PASI-75 at …

Substance Use And Treatment Outcomes Among Spanish-Speaking Latino/As From Four Acculturation Types., Kelly Serafini, Dennis C Wendt, India J Ornelas, Suzanne R Doyle, Dennis M Donovan

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

The purpose of this study was to examine the association of acculturation with substance use treatment outcomes in a sample of treatment-seeking Latino/as (N = 405). The study used data from a multisite randomized controlled trial of a culturally adapted version of Motivational Enhancement Therapy delivered in Spanish. Berry, Kim, Minde, and Mok's (1987) acculturation model was used to divide the sample into 4 types (integrated, assimilated, separated, marginalized), based on Bicultural Involvement Questionnaire scores. One-way analyses of variance, chi-squared tests, and repeated-measures regression were used to examine baseline acculturation, posttreatment outcomes, and follow-up outcomes. All participants were of Latino/a …

Using A Respiratory Navigator Significantly Reduces Variability When Quantifying Left Ventricular Torsion With Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Sean M. Hamlet, Christopher M. Haggerty, Jonathan D. Suever, Gregory J. Wehner, Kristin N. Andres, David K. Powell, Richard J. Charnigo, Brandon K. Fornwalt

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Background: Left ventricular (LV) torsion is an important indicator of cardiac function that is limited by high inter-test variability (50% of the mean value). We hypothesized that this high inter-test variability is partly due to inconsistent breath-hold positions during serial image acquisitions, which could be significantly improved by using a respiratory navigator for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) based quantification of LV torsion.

Methods: We assessed respiratory-related variability in measured LV torsion with two distinct experimental protocols. First, 17 volunteers were recruited for CMR with cine displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) in which a respiratory navigator was used to measure …

Habituation Of Distress And Craving During Treatment As Predictors Of Change In Ptsd Symptoms And Substance Use Severity, Christal L. Badour, Julianne C. Flanagan, Daniel F. Gros, Therese Killeen, Irene Pericot-Valverde, Kristina J. Korte, Nicholas P. Allan, Sudie E. Back

Psychology Faculty Publications

Objective—Increasing evidence supports the efficacy of trauma-focused exposure therapy in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and co-occurring substance use disorders. Little is known, however, about the mechanisms of change in treatment for patients with PTSD and co-occurring substance use disorders. The aim of the present study was to examine whether within- and between-session habituation of distress and substance craving during imaginal exposure relates to treatment outcomes among U.S. military veterans with PTSD and a co-occurring substance use disorder (N = 54).

Method—Veterans received Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure, a manualized …

Oral Cannabidiol Does Not Produce A Signal For Abuse Liability In Frequent Marijuana Smokers, Shanna Babalonis, Margaret Haney, Robert J. Malcolm, Michelle R. Lofwall, Victoria R. Votaw, Steven Sparenborg, Sharon L. Walsh

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

Background—Cannabidiol (CBD) is a naturally occurring constituent of the marijuana plant. In the past few years, there has been great interest in the therapeutic effects of isolated CBD and it is currently being explored for numerous disease conditions (e.g., pain, epilepsy, cancer, various drug dependencies). However, CBD remains a Schedule I drug on the U.S. Controlled Substances Act (CSA). Despite its status, there are no well-controlled data available regarding its abuse liability.

Methods—Healthy, frequent marijuana users (n=31) were enrolled in this within subject, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multisite study that administered oral cannabidiol (0, 200, 400, 800 …

Faster Self-Paced Rate Of Drinking For Alcohol Mixed With Energy Drinks Versus Alcohol Alone, Cecile A. Marczinski, Mark T. Fillmore, Sarah F. Maloney, Amy L. Stamates

Psychology Faculty Publications

The consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) has been associated with higher rates of binge drinking and impaired driving when compared with alcohol alone. However, it remains unclear why the risks of use of AmED are heightened compared with alcohol alone even when the doses of alcohol consumed are similar. Therefore, the purpose of this laboratory study was to investigate if the rate of self-paced beverage consumption was faster for a dose of AmED versus alcohol alone using a double-blind, within-subjects, placebo-controlled study design. Participants (n = 16) of equal gender who were social drinkers attended 4 separate …

Curbing The Dui Offender's Self-Efficacy To Drink And Drive: A Laboratory Study, Walter Roberts, Mark T. Fillmore

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background—People arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) are at high risk to reoffend. One reason for this high rate of recidivism among DUI offenders is that these individuals systematically underestimate the degree to which alcohol impairs their ability to drive. This study compared perceived and objective driving ability following alcohol and performance feedback in drivers with and without a history of DUI.

Method—Adult drivers with (n = 20) and without (n = 20) a history of DUI arrest attended two dose challenge sessions where they received 0.64 g/kg alcohol or placebo, completed a simulated driving …

A Controlled Comparison Trial Of The Collaborative Assessment And Management Of Suicidality (Cams) In An Inpatient Setting: Outcomes At Discharge And Six-Month Follow-Up, Thomas E Ellis, Katrina A Rufino, Jon G Allen

Staff and Researcher Publications

This controlled comparison trial evaluated a suicide-specific intervention, the Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS), in an extended-stay psychiatric inpatient setting. Multiple outcomes were examined for 104 patients, half of whom received individual therapy from therapists trained in CAMS. The comparison group was selected from a larger pool through Propensity Score Matching to ensure comparability on age, sex, treatment program, number of prior suicide attempts, and severity of suicidal ideation. Results showed that a) all patients improved significantly across a wide range of measures, including depression, suicidal ideation, functional disability, and well-being; b) these gains were durable over a …

High-Dose Immunosuppressive Therapy And Autologous Hct For Relapsing-Remitting Ms., Richard A Nash, George J Hutton, Michael K Racke, Uday Popat, Steven M Devine, Kaitlyn C Steinmiller, Linda M Griffith, Paolo A Muraro, Harry Openshaw, Peter H Sayre, Olaf Stuve, Douglas L Arnold, Mark H Wener, George E Georges, Annette Wundes, George H Kraft, J D Bowen

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and durability of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease stabilization after high-dose immunosuppressive therapy (HDIT) and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).

METHODS: High-Dose Immunosuppression and Autologous Transplantation for Multiple Sclerosis (HALT-MS) is a phase II clinical trial of HDIT/HCT for patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) MS who experienced relapses with disability progression (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] 3.0-5.5) while on MS disease-modifying therapy. The primary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS), defined as survival without death or disease activity from any one of: disability progression, relapse, or new lesions on MRI. Participants were evaluated through 5 years posttransplant. …

Topical Anaesthetics For Pain Control During Repair Of Dermal Laceration., Baraa O. Tayeb, Anthony Eidelman, Cristy L. Eidelman, Ewan D. Mcnicol, Daniel B. Carr

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Topical local anaesthetics provide effective analgesia for patients undergoing numerous superficial procedures, including repair of dermal lacerations. The need for cocaine in topical anaesthetic formulations has been questioned because of concern about adverse effects, thus novel preparations of cocaine-free anaesthetics have been developed. This review was originally published in 2011 and has been updated in 2017.

OBJECTIVES: To assess whether benefits of non-invasive topical anaesthetic application occur at the expense of decreased analgesic efficacy. To compare the efficacy of various single-component or multi-component topical anaesthetic agents for repair of dermal lacerations. To determine the clinical necessity for topical application …

Line-1 Hypomethylation Status Of Circulating Cell-Free Dna In Plasma As A Biomarker For Colorectal Cancer., Yuzo Nagai, Eiji Sunami, Yoko Yamamoto, Keisuke Hata, Satoshi Okada, Koji Murono, Koji Yasuda, Kensuke Otani, Takeshi Nishikawa, Toshiaki Tanaka, Tomomichi Kiyomatsu, Kazushige Kawai, Hiroaki Nozawa, Soichiro Ishihara, Dave S B Hoon, Toshiaki Watanabe

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious public health problem and non-invasive biomarkers improving diagnosis or therapy are strongly required. Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has been a promising target for this purpose. In this study, we evaluated the potential of long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) hypomethylation as a blood biomarker for CRC. LINE-1 hypomethylation level in plasma cfDNA in 114 CRC patients was retrospectively examined by absolute quantitative analysis of methylated alleles real-time PCR, and was expressed using LINE-1 hypomethylation index (LHI) [unmethylated copy number/ (methylated copy number + unmethylated copy number)]. Greater LHI values indicated enhanced hypomethylation. In our clinicopathological …

Risk Factors For Poor Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes In Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, Omowunmi Aibana, Mariya Bachmaha, Viatcheslav Krasiuk, Natasha Rybak, Timothy P Flanigan, Vasyl Petrenko, Megan B Murray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Ukraine is among ten countries with the highest burden of multidrug- resistant TB (MDR-TB) worldwide. Treatment success rates for MDR-TB in Ukraine remain below global success rates as reported by the World Health Organization. Few studies have evaluated predictors of poor MDR-TB outcomes in Ukraine.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients initiated on MDR-TB treatment in the Kyiv Oblast of Ukraine between January 01, 2012 and March 31st, 2015. We defined good treatment outcomes as cure or completion and categorized poor outcomes among those who died, failed treatment or defaulted. We used logistic regression analyses to identify …

Normative Data For The Neurocom Sensory Organization Test In Us Military Special Operations Forces., Erin R. Pletcher, Valerie J Williams, John P Abt, Paul M Morgan, Jeffrey J Parr, Meleesa F Wohleber, Mita Lovalekar, Timothy C Sell

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

CONTEXT: Postural stability is the ability to control the center of mass in relation to a person's base of support and can be affected by both musculoskeletal injury and traumatic brain injury. The NeuroCom Sensory Organization Test (SOT) can be used to objectively quantify impairments to postural stability. The ability of postural stability to predict injury and be used as an acute injury-evaluation tool makes it essential to the screening and rehabilitation process. To our knowledge, no published normative data for the SOT from a healthy, highly active population are available for use as a reference for clinical decision making. …

Skilled Adult Readers Activate The Meanings Of High-Frequency Words Using Phonology: Evidence From Eye Tracking., Debra Jared, Katrina O'Donnell

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

We examined whether highly skilled adult readers activate the meanings of high-frequency words using phonology when reading sentences for meaning. A homophone-error paradigm was used. Sentences were written to fit 1 member of a homophone pair, and then 2 other versions were created in which the homophone was replaced by its mate or a spelling-control word. The error words were all high-frequency words, and the correct homophones were either higher-frequency words or low-frequency words-that is, the homophone errors were either the subordinate or dominant member of the pair. Participants read sentences as their eye movements were tracked. When the high-frequency …

Impact Of Sequencing Targeted Therapies With High-Dose Interleukin-2 Immunotherapy: An Analysis Of Outcome And Survival Of Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma From An On-Going Observational Il-2 Clinical Trial: Proclaim, Joseph I Clark, Michael K K Wong, Howard L Kaufman, Gregory A Daniels, Michael A Morse, David F Mcdermott, Sanjiv S Agarwala, Lionel D Lewis, John H Stewart, Ulka Vaishampayan, Brendan Curti, René Gonzalez, Jose Lutzky, Venkatesh Rudraptna, Lee D Cranmer, Joanne M Jeter, Ralph J Hauke, Gerald Miletello, Mohammed M Milhem, Asim Amin, John M Richart, Mayer Fishman, Sigrun Hallmeyer, Sapna P Patel, Peter Van Veldhuizen, Neeraj Agarwal, Bret Taback, Jonathan S Treisman, Marc S Ernstoff, Jessica C Perritt, Hong Hua, Tharak B Rao, Janice P Dutcher, Sandra Aung

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: This analysis describes the outcome for patients who received targeted therapy (TT) prior to or following high-dose interleukin-2 (HD IL-2).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with renal cell carcinoma (n = 352) receiving HD IL-2 were enrolled in Proleukin

RESULTS: Overall, there were 4% complete response (CR), 13% partial response (PR), 39% stable disease (SD), and 43% progressive disease (PD) with HD IL-2. The median overall survival (mOS) was not reached in patients with CR, PR, or SD, and was 15.5 months in patients with PD (median follow-up, 21 months). Sixty-one patients had prior TT before HD IL-2 with an …

Acceptability Of Hiv Testing Sites Among Rural And Urban African Americans Who Use Cocaine, D. Keith Branham, Tyrone F. Borders, Katharine E. Stewart, Geoffrey M. Curran, Brenda M. Booth

Health Management and Policy Faculty Publications

African Americans (AAs) who use cocaine in the Southern region of the U.S. have a relatively high risk of HIV and need for HIV testing. Among this group, those residing in rural areas may have less favorable opinions about common HIV testing sites, which could inhibit HIV testing. We examined rural/urban variations in their acceptability of multiple HIV testing sites (private physician clinic, local health department, community health center, community HIV fair, hospital emergency department, blood plasma donation center, drug abuse treatment facility, and mobile van or community outreach worker). Results from partial proportional odds and logistic regression analyses indicate …

The Influence Of Tumor Regression, Solar Elastosis, And Patient Age On Pathologists' Interpretation Of Melanocytic Skin Lesions., Linda Titus, Raymond L Barnhill, Jason P Lott, Michael W Piepkorn, David E Elder, Paul D Frederick, Heidi D Nelson, Patricia A Carney, Stevan R Knezevich, Martin A Weinstock, Joann G Elmore

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

It is not known whether patient age or tumor characteristics such as tumor regression or solar elastosis influence pathologists' interpretation of melanocytic skin lesions (MSLs). We undertook a study to determine the influence of these factors, and to explore pathologist's characteristics associated with the direction of diagnosis. To meet our objective, we designed a cross-sectional survey study of pathologists' clinical practices and perceptions. Pathologists were recruited from diverse practices in 10 states in the United States. We enrolled 207 pathologist participants whose practice included the interpretation of MSLs. Our findings indicated that the majority of pathologists (54.6%) were influenced toward …

Telemedicine Coverage For Post-Operative Icu Patients., Tara Ann Collins, Matthew P. Robertson, Corinna P. Sicoutris, Michael A. Pisa, Daniel N. Holena, Patrick M. Reilly, Benjamin A. Kohl

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

Introduction There is an increased demand for intensive care unit (ICU) beds. We sought to determine if we could create a safe surge capacity model to increase ICU capacity by treating ICU patients in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) utilizing a collaborative model between an ICU service and a telemedicine service during peak ICU bed demand. Methods We evaluated patients managed by the surgical critical care service in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) compared to patients managed in the virtual intensive care unit (VICU) located within the PACU. A retrospective review of all patients seen by the surgical critical …