Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Amino Acids, Microbiota-Related Metabolites, And The Risk Of Incident Diabetes Among Normoglycemic Chinese Adults: Findings From The 4c Study, Shuangyuan Wang, Mian Li, Hong Lin, Guixia Wang, Yu Xu, Xinjie Zhao, Chunyan Hu, Yi Zhang, Ruizhi Zheng, Ruying Hu, Lixin Shi, Rui Du, Qing Su, Jiqiu Wang, Yuhong Chen, Xuefeng Yu, Li Yan, Tiange Wang, Zhiyun Zhao, Ruixin Liu, Xiaolin Wang, Qi Li, Guijun Qin, Qin Wan, Gang Chen, Min Xu, Meng Dai, Di Zhang, Xulei Tang, Zhengnan Gao, Feixia Shen, Zuojie Luo, Yingfen Qin, Li Chen, Yanan Huo, Qiang Li, Zhen Ye, Yinfei Zhang, Chao Liu, Youmin Wang, Shengli Wu, Tao Yang, Huacong Deng, Jiajun Zhao, Shenghan Lai, Yiming Mu, Lulu Chen, Donghui Li, Guowang Xu, Guang Ning, Weiqing Wang, Yufang Bi, Jieli Lu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although previous studies suggest that amino acids (AAs) and microbiota-related metabolites (MRMs) are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the results remain unclear among normoglycemic populations. We test 28 serum AAs and 22 MRMs in 3,414 subjects with incident diabetes and matched normoglycemic controls from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study. In fully adjusted logistic regression models, per SD increment of branched-chain AAs, aromatic AAs, asparagine, alanine, glutamic acid, homoserine, 2-aminoadipic acid, histidine, methionine, and proline are positively associated with incident T2DM. In the MRM panel, serum carnitines, N-acetyltryptophan, and uric acid are positively associated with …

Body Size At Different Ages And Risk Of 6 Cancers: A Mendelian Randomization And Prospective Cohort Study, Daniela Mariosa, Karl Smith-Byrne, Tom G Richardson, Pietro Ferrari, Marc J Gunter, Nikos Papadimitriou, Neil Murphy, Sofia Christakoudi, Konstantinos K Tsilidis, Elio Riboli, David Muller, Mark P Purdue, Stephen J Chanock, Rayjean J Hung, Christopher I Amos, Tracy A O'Mara, Pilar Amiano, Fabrizio Pasanisi, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Vittorio Krogh, Anne Tjønneland, Jytte Halkjær, Aurora Perez-Cornago, María-Dolores Chirlaque, Guri Skeie, Charlotta Rylander, Kristin Benjaminsen Borch, Dagfinn Aune, Alicia K Heath, Heather A Ward, Matthias Schulze, Catalina Bonet, Elisabete Weiderpass, George Davey Smith, Paul Brennan, Mattias Johansson

Staff and Researcher Publications

It is unclear if body weight in early life affects cancer risk independently of adult body weight. To investigate this question for 6 obesity-related cancers, we performed univariable and multivariable analyses using 1) Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and 2) longitudinal analyses in prospective cohorts. Both the MR and longitudinal analyses indicated that larger early life body size was associated with higher risk of endometrial (odds ratioMR = 1.61, 95% confidence interval = 1.23 to 2.11) and kidney (odds ratioMR = 1.40, 95% confidence interval = 1.09 to 1.80) cancer. These associations were attenuated after accounting for adult body size in …

The Core Rehabilitation Outcome Set For Single-Sided Deafness (Crosssd) Study: International Consensus On Outcome Measures For Trials Of Interventions For Adults With Single-Sided Deafness, Roulla Katiri, Deborah A Hall, Derek J Hoare, Kathryn Fackrell, Adele Horobin, Nicholas Hogan, Nóra Buggy, Paul H Van De Heyning, Jill B Firszt, Iain A Bruce, Pádraig T Kitterick, Core Rehabilitation Outcome Set For Single-Sided Deafness (Crosssd) Initiative

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Single-sided deafness (SSD) has functional, psychological, and social consequences. Interventions for adults with SSD include hearing aids and auditory implants. Benefits and harms (outcome domains) of these interventions are until now reported inconsistently in clinical trials. Inconsistency in reporting outcome measures prevents meaningful comparisons or syntheses of trial results. The Core Rehabilitation Outcome Set for Single-Sided Deafness (CROSSSD) international initiative used structured communication techniques to achieve consensus among healthcare users and professionals working in the field of SSD. The novel contribution is a set of core outcome domains that experts agree are critically important to assess in all clinical …

Persistent Disparities In Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Tell-Tale Sign For Implementing New Guidelines In Younger Adults, Po-Hong Liu, Nina N Sanford, Peter S Liang, Amit G Singal, Caitlin C Murphy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: In May 2021, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force began recommending initiating colorectal cancer screening at age 45 (vs. 50) years.

METHODS: We estimated prevalence of colorectal cancer screening (by colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, CT colonography, or stool-based tests) in adults ages 50 to 75 years using data from the National Health Interview Survey in 2000, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2010, 2013, 2015, and 2018. For each survey year, we estimated prevalence by age, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, family income, and health insurance. We also compared increases in prevalence of screening from 2000 to 2018 in 5-year age groups (50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, …

Preoperative Inflammatory Markers As Prognostic Predictors After Hepatocellular Carcinoma Resection: Data From A Western Referral Center, João Paulo Maciel Silva, Fabricio Ferreira Coelho, Alex Jones Flores Cassenote, Vagner Birk Jeismann, Gilton Marques Fonseca, Jaime Arthur Pirola Kruger, José Donizeti De Meira Júnior, Sérgio Carlos Nahas, Paulo Herman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Recent studies from eastern centers have demonstrate an association between inflammatory response and long-term outcomes after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resection. However, the prognostic impact of inflammatory markers in western patients, with distinct tumor and epidemiologic features, is still unknown.

AIM: To evaluate the prognostic impact of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), as well as their impact according to tumor size (< 5 cm, 5-10 cm, > 10 cm) in patients undergoing HCC resection with curative intent.

METHODS: Optimal cut-off values for NLR, PLR, and MLR were determined by plotting the receiver operator curves. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free …

County-Level Social Vulnerability And Breast, Cervical, And Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates In The Us, 2018, Cici Bauer, Kehe Zhang, Qian Xiao, Jiachen Lu, Young-Rock Hong, Ryan Suk

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Area-level factors have been identified as important social determinants of health (SDoH) that impact many health-related outcomes. Less is known about how the social vulnerability index (SVI), as a scalable composite score, can multidimensionally explain the population-based cancer screening program uptake at a county level.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the geographic variation of US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)-recommended breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening rates and the association between county-level SVI and the 3 screening rates.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based cross-sectional study used county-level information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's PLACES and SVI data …

Gaseous Air Pollutants And Dna Methylation In A Methylome-Wide Association Study Of An Ethnically And Environmentally Diverse Population Of Us Adults, Katelyn M Holliday, Rahul Gondalia, Antoine Baldassari, Anne E Justice, James D Stewart, Duanping Liao, Jeff D Yanosky, Kristina M Jordahl, Parveen Bhatti, Themistocles L Assimes, James S Pankow, Weihua Guan, Myriam Fornage, Jan Bressler, Kari E North, Karen N Conneely, Yun Li, Lifang Hou, Pantel S Vokonas, Cavin K Ward-Caviness, Rory Wilson, Kathrin Wolf, Melanie Waldenberger, Josef Cyrys, Annette Peters, H Marike Boezen, Judith M Vonk, Sergi Sayols-Baixeras, Mikyeong Lee, Andrea A Baccarelli, Eric A Whitsel

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Epigenetic mechanisms may underlie air pollution-health outcome associations. We estimated gaseous air pollutant-DNA methylation (DNAm) associations using twelve subpopulations within Women's Health Initiative (WHI) and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohorts (n = 8397; mean age 61.3 years; 83% female; 46% African-American, 46% European-American, 8% Hispanic/Latino). We used geocoded participant address-specific mean ambient carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO2; NOx), ozone (O3), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations estimated over the 2-, 7-, 28-, and 365-day periods before collection of blood samples used to generate Illumina 450 k array leukocyte DNAm measurements. We estimated methylome-wide, subpopulation- and race/ethnicity-stratified pollutant-DNAm associations in …

Informed Consent For Placebo-Controlled Trials: Do Ethics And Science Conflict?, Hope A Feldman, James A Feldman, Charles C Miller, Garrett Walsh, Jon E Tyson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The use of a placebo has been considered the best method for controlling bias in a prospective randomized clinical trial and provides the most rigorous test of treatment efficacy for evaluating a medical therapy. Placebos commonly produce clinically important effects particularly in studies where the primary outcomes are subjective. Yet the potential beneficial or harmful effects of placebos are often not addressed in designing a clinical trial, calculating the sample size, seeking consent, or interpreting clinical trial results. In this manuscript, we use an actual study to indicate three approaches that might be considered in seeking informed consent for placebo-controlled …

Association Of Social Risk Factors With Mortality Among Us Adults With A New Cancer Diagnosis, Matthew P Banegas, John F Dickerson, Zhiyuan Zheng, Caitlin C Murphy, Reginald Tucker-Seeley, James D Murphy, K Robin Yabroff

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This cohort study examines the associations of multiple social risk factors with mortality risk among patients newly diagnosed with cancer in the US.

Agreement Between Sars-Cov-2 Pcr Test Results Using Nasopharyngeal And Mid-Turbinate Specimens Among Asymptomatic Working-Age Adults, Judy Wendt Hess, Faiyaz Bhojani, Derrick Cameron, Mary Freire De Carvalho, Fayaz Momin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether mid-turbinate specimens reliably detect active infection in asymptomatic adults undergoing regular COVID-19 PCR testing.

METHODS: Qualitative agreement between 2481 paired nasopharyngeal and mid-turbinate PCR results was assessed. Mean cycle threshold values for each positive result were evaluated as an indicator of active infection.

RESULTS: Overall agreement between nasopharyngeal and mid-turbinate tests was 98.4%. Positive percent agreement was 37.2%, and negative percent agreement was ~100%. Test pairs with lower cycle thresholds (≤30 and ≤25) reached 67% and 100% positive percent agreement, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 infections with high viral loads were detected …

Assessing Associations Between Insecure Income And Us Workers' Health: An Ipums-Meps Analysis, Robert D Thomas, John W Davis, Paula M Cuccaro, Gretchen L Gemeinhardt

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Gig economy compensation policy initiatives, such as California Prop 22, are increasing the number of US workers receiving piece rate pay (PRP) and other forms of insecure income. However, there is limited evidence about how this trend affects people's health. Using data from the 2008-19 IPUMS Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), we examined associations between insecure compensation and US adults' self-reported overall health as well as psychological distress. We report significant associations with three types of insecure income - PRP, hourly, and daily pay - on overall health and psychological distress. These effects were robust to adjustment for suspected confounders, …

Agreement Between Sars-Cov-2 Pcr Test Results Using Nasopharyngeal And Mid-Turbinate Specimens Among Asymptomatic Working-Age Adults, Judy Wendt Hess, Faiyaz Bhojani, Derrick Cameron, Mary Freire De Carvalho, Fayaz Momin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether mid-turbinate specimens reliably detect active infection in asymptomatic adults undergoing regular COVID-19 PCR testing.

METHODS: Qualitative agreement between 2481 paired nasopharyngeal and mid-turbinate PCR results was assessed. Mean cycle threshold values for each positive result were evaluated as an indicator of active infection.

RESULTS: Overall agreement between nasopharyngeal and mid-turbinate tests was 98.4%. Positive percent agreement was 37.2%, and negative percent agreement was ~100%. Test pairs with lower cycle thresholds (≤30 and ≤25) reached 67% and 100% positive percent agreement, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 infections with high viral loads were detected …

Characteristics And Patterns Of Retention In Hypertension Care In Primary Care Settings From The Hypertension Treatment In Nigeria Program, Jiancheng Ye, Mark D Huffman, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Background: More than 1.2 billion adults worldwide have hypertension. High retention in clinical care is essential for long-term management of hypertension, but 1-year retention rates are less than 50% in many resource-limited settings.

Objective: To evaluate short-term retention rates and associated factors among patients with hypertension in primary health care centers in the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria.

Design, Setting, and Participants: In this cohort study, data were collected by trained study staff from adults aged 18 years or older at 60 public, primary health care centers in Nigeria between January 2020 and July 2021 as part of the Hypertension …

An Evaluation Of Patient-Reported Outcomes In Sickle Cell Disease Within A Conceptual Model., Marsha J Treadwell, Swapandeep Mushiana, Sherif M Badawy, Liliana Preiss, Allison A King, Barbara Kroner, Yumei Chen, Jeffrey Glassberg, Victor Gordeuk, Nirmish Shah, Angela Snyder, Theodore Wun, Sickle Cell Disease Implementation Consortium (Scdic)

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: To examine the relations between patient-reported outcomes (PROs) within a conceptual model for adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) ages 18 - 45 years enrolled in the multi-site Sickle Cell Disease Implementation Consortium (SCDIC) registry. We hypothesized that patient and SCD-related factors, particularly pain, and barriers to care would independently contribute to functioning as measured using PRO domains.

METHODS: Participants (N = 2054) completed a 48-item survey including socio-demographics and PRO measures, e.g., social functioning, pain impact, emotional distress, and cognitive functioning. Participants reported on lifetime SCD complications, pain episode frequency and severity, and barriers to healthcare.

RESULTS: Higher …

A Mid-Level Health Manager Intervention To Promote Uptake Of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Among People With Hiv In Uganda: A Cluster Randomised Trial, Elijah Kakande, Elvin H Geng, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Despite longstanding guidelines endorsing isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for people with HIV, uptake is low across sub-Saharan Africa. Mid-level health managers oversee IPT programmes nationally; interventions aimed at this group have not been tested. We aimed to establish whether providing structured leadership and management training and facilitating subregional collaboration and routine data feedback to mid-level managers could increase IPT initiation among people with HIV compared with standard practice.

METHODS: We conducted a cluster randomised trial in Uganda among district-level health managers. We randomly assigned clusters of between four and seven managers in a 1:1 ratio to intervention or control …

The Transition To Parenthood In Obstetrics: Enhancing Prenatal Care For 2-Generation Impact, Catherine Monk, Sona Dimidjian, Ellen Galinsky, Kimberly D. Gregory, M. Camille Hoffman, Elizabeth A. Howell, Emily S. Miller, Cynthia Osborne, Cynthia E. Rogers, Darby E. Saxbe, Mary E. D'Alton

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Obstetrics, the specialty overseeing infant and parent health before birth, could be expanded to address the interrelated areas of parents' prenatal impact on children's brain development and their own psychosocial needs during a time of immense change and neuroplasticity. Obstetrics is primed for the shift that is happening in pediatrics, which is moving from its traditional focus on physical health to a coordinated, whole-child, 2- or multigeneration approach. Pediatric care now includes developmental screening, parenting education, parent coaching, access to developmental specialists, brain-building caregiving skills, linkages to community resources, and tiered interventions with psychologists. Drawing on decades of developmental origins …

Nut Carcinoma Of The Submandibular Gland: A Case At This Uncommon Site With Review Of The Literature, Vanessa Moreno, Christopher A French, Tianhua Guo, Hui Zhu, Songling Zhang, Darryl Duncan, Ron J Karni, Angel I Blanco, Syed H Jafri, Karan Saluja

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Nuclear protein in testis (NUT) carcinoma is a rare, highly aggressive, undifferentiated carcinoma that harbors a characteristic rearrangement of the NUTM1 gene. The majority arise in adolescents and young adults especially from the midline structures of the thorax, head, and neck. Until the present, there have only been three reported cases of NUT carcinoma of the submandibular gland, two of which were reported in children and another one in an adult from Korea. Here, we report the first case of NUT carcinoma arising in the submandibular gland of an adult female in the United States, representing the fourth case worldwide. …

Cannabis Use And Sinonasal Symptoms In Us Adults, Francis Reyes Orozco, Matthew Lin, Kevin Hur

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance in the US and worldwide. Understanding the association between cannabis use and sinonasal symptoms may help clinicians and patients better understand the symptomatology associated with cannabis use.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between frequency of cannabis use and presence of sinonasal symptoms in a nationally representative sample of US adults.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based, retrospective cross-sectional study included adults aged 20 to 69 years who had completed data on sinonasal symptoms and substance use for the 2013 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The data were analyzed …

Efficacy And Safety Of Topical Hypericin Photodynamic Therapy For Early-Stage Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides): The Flash Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial, Ellen J Kim, Aaron R Mangold, Jennifer A Desimone, Henry K Wong, Lucia Seminario-Vidal, Joan Guitart, James Appel, Larisa Geskin, Edward Lain, Neil J Korman, Nathalie Zeitouni, Neda Nikbakht, Kenneth Dawes, Oleg Akilov, Joi Carter, Michi Shinohara, Timothy M Kuzel, Warren Piette, Neal Bhatia, Amy Musiek, David Pariser, Youn H Kim, Dirk Elston, Erin Boh, Madeleine Duvic, Auris Huen, Theresa Pacheco, Jeffrey P Zwerner, Seung Tae Lee, Michael Girardi, Christiane Querfeld, Kimberly Bohjanen, Elise Olsen, Gary S Wood, Adam Rumage, Oreola Donini, Andrea Haulenbeek, Christopher J Schaber, Richard Straube, Christopher Pullion, Alain H Rook, Brian Poligone

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Given that mycosis fungoides-cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (MF/CTCL) is chronic, there is a need for additional therapies with minimal short- and long-term adverse effects. Topical synthetic hypericin ointment, 0.25%, activated with visible light is a novel, nonmutagenic photodynamic therapy (PDT).

OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy and safety of topical synthetic hypericin ointment, 0.25%, activated with visible light as a nonmutagenic PDT in early-stage MF/CTCL.

DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, phase 3 randomized clinical trial (FLASH study) conducted from December 2015 to November 2020 at 39 academic and community-based US medical centers. Participants were adults (≥18 …

Altered Bladder-Related Brain Network In Multiple Sclerosis Women With Voiding Dysfunction, Zhaoyue Shi, Christof Karmonik, Amelia Soltes, Khue Tran, John A Lincoln, Timothy Boone, Rose Khavari

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives:

A number of neuro-urology imaging studies have mainly focused on investigating the brain activations during micturition in healthy and neuropathic patients. It is, however, also necessary to study brain functional connectivity (FC) within bladder-related regions in order to understand the brain organization during the execution of bladder function. This study aims to identify the altered brain network associated with bladder function in multiple sclerosis (MS) women with voiding dysfunction through comparisons with healthy subjects via concurrent urodynamics (UDS)/fMRI.

Materials and Methods:

Ten healthy adult women and nine adult ambulatory women with clinically stable MS for ≥ 6 months and …

Health Care Utilization And Costs Associated With Functional Status In Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis, Alexis Ogdie, Mark Hwang, Phani Veeranki, Alexandria Portelli, Steven Sison, Jason Shafrin, Sofia Pedro, Steven Hass, Peter Hur, Nina Kim, Esther Yi, Kaleb Michaud

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) has been validated and widely used in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) clinical trials for the assessment of patient functional status. Significant improvements in the HAQ-DI have been reported in response to therapeutic interventions; however, few US studies have evaluated the economic impact of functional disability in patients with PsA.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of functional status with health care resource utilization (HCRU) and total health care costs in US patients diagnosed with PsA.

METHODS: This retrospective study included adult patients with PsA enrolled in FORWARD between July 2009 and June 2019 who …

Does Social Intolerance Vary According To Cognitive Styles, Genetic Cognitive Capacity, Or Education?, Aino Saarinen, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen, Henrik Dobewall, C Robert Cloninger, Ari Ahola-Olli, Terho Lehtimäki, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Olli Raitakari, Suvi Rovio, Niklas Ravaja

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Low education, low cognitive abilities, and certain cognitive styles are suggested to predispose to social intolerance and prejudices. Evidence is, however, restricted by comparatively small samples, neglect of confounding variables and genetic factors, and a narrow focus on a single sort of prejudice. We investigated the relationships of education, polygenic cognitive potential, cognitive performance, and cognitive styles with social intolerance in adulthood over a 15-year follow-up.

METHODS: We used data from the prospective population-based Young Finns Study (n = 960-1679). Social intolerance was evaluated with the Social Intolerance Scale in 1997, 2001, and 2011; cognitive performance with the Cambridge …

Impact Of Active And Historical Cancers On The Management And Outcomes Of Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicating Cardiogenic Shock, Sri Harsha Patlolla, Anusha G Bhat, Pranathi R Sundaragiri, Wisit Cheungpasitporn, Rajkumar P Doshi, Sudeep K Siddappa Malleshappa, Deepak K Pasupula, Wissam A Jaber, William J Nicholson, Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

BACKGROUND: There are limited data on the outcomes of acute myocardial infarction-cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS) in patients with concomitant cancer.

METHODS: A retrospective cohort of adult AMI-CS admissions was identified from the National Inpatient Sample (2000-2017) and stratified by active cancer, historical cancer, and no cancer. Outcomes of interest included in-hospital mortality, use of coronary angiography, use of percutaneous coronary intervention, do-not-resuscitate status, palliative care use, hospitalization costs, and hospital length of stay.

RESULTS: Of the 557,974 AMI-CS admissions during this 18-year period, active and historical cancers were noted in 14,826 (2.6%) and 27,073 (4.8%), respectively. From 2000 to 2017, there …

Efficacy And Safety Of Ensovibep For Adults Hospitalized With Covid-19 : A Randomized Controlled Trial, Christina Barkauskas, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Garyfallia Poulakou, Barnaby E Young, David M Vock, Lianne Siegel, Nicole Engen, Greg Grandits, Nilima R Mosaly, Andrew M Vekstein, Ralph Rogers, Fadi Shehadeh, Matthew Kaczynski, Evangelia K Mylona, Konstantinos N Syrigos, Vasiliki Rapti, David C Lye, Diong Shiau Hui, Lindsay Leither, Kirk U Knowlton, Mamta K Jain, Rubria Marines-Price, Alice Osuji, J Scott Overcash, Ioannis Kalomenidis, Zafeiria Barmparessou, Michael Waters, Karla Zepeda, Peter Chen, Sam Torbati, Francis Kiweewa, Nicholus Sebudde, Eyad Almasri, Alyssa Hughes, Sanjay R Bhagani, Alison Rodger, Uriel Sandkovsky, Robert L Gottlieb, Eriobu Nnakelu, Barbara Trautner, Vidya Menon, Joseph Lutaakome, Michael Matthay, Philip Robinson, Konstantinos Protopapas, Nikolaos Koulouris, Ivan Kimuli, Amiran Baduashvili, Dominique L Braun, Huldrych F Günthard, Srikanth Ramachandruni, Robert Kidega, Kami Kim, Timothy J Hatlen, Andrew N Phillips, Daniel D Murray, Tomas O Jensen, Maria L Padilla, Evan X Accardi, Katy Shaw-Saliba, Robin L Dewar, Marc Teitelbaum, Ven Natarajan, Sylvain Laverdure, Helene C Highbarger, M Tauseef Rehman, Susan Vogel, David Vallée, Page Crew, Negin Atri, Adam J Schechner, Sarah Pett, Fleur Hudson, Jonathan Badrock, Giota Touloumi, Samuel M Brown, Wesley H Self, Crystal M North, Adit A Ginde, Christina C Chang, Anthony Kelleher, Stephanie Nagy-Agren, Shikha Vasudeva, David Looney, Hien H Nguyen, Adriana Sánchez, Amy C Weintrob, Birgit Grund, Shweta Sharma, Cavan S Reilly, Roger Paredes, Agnieszka Bednarska, Norman P Gerry, Abdel G Babiker, Victoria J Davey, Annetine C Gelijns, Elizabeth S Higgs, Virginia Kan, Gail Matthews, B Taylor Thompson, Philippe Legenne, Richa Chandra, H Clifford Lane, James D Neaton, Jens D Lundgren

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Ensovibep (MP0420) is a designed ankyrin repeat protein, a novel class of engineered proteins, under investigation as a treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate if ensovibep, in addition to remdesivir and other standard care, improves clinical outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 compared with standard care alone.

DESIGN: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04501978).

SETTING: Multinational, multicenter trial.

PARTICIPANTS: Adults hospitalized with COVID-19.

INTERVENTION: Intravenous ensovibep, 600 mg, or placebo.

MEASUREMENTS: Ensovibep was assessed for early futility on the basis of pulmonary ordinal scores at day 5. The primary outcome was time to sustained recovery through day …

Risk Factors And Medical Resource Utilization In Us Adults Hospitalized With Influenza Or Respiratory Syncytial Virus In The Hospitalized Acute Respiratory Tract Infection Study, Jessica Hartnett, Prina Donga, Gabriela Ispas, Yannick Vandendijck, David Anderson, Stacey House, Selim Suner

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in the United States. We assessed risk factors for severe disease and medical resource utilization (MRU) among US adults hospitalized with influenza or RSV in the Hospitalized Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (HARTI) study.

METHODS: HARTI was a prospective global (40 centers, 12 countries) epidemiological study of adults hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections conducted across the 2017-2019 epidemic seasons. Patients with confirmed influenza or RSV were followed up to 3 months post-discharge. Baseline characteristics, prevalence of core risk factors (CRFs) for severe disease (age ≥65 years, …

An Ips-Derived In Vitro Model Of Human Atrial Conduction, Sherri M Biendarra-Tiegs, Sergey Yechikov, Bhupinder Shergill, Brittany Brumback, Kentaro Takahashi, Venktesh S Shirure, Ruth Estelle Gonzalez, Laura Houshmand, Denise Zhong, Kuo-Chan Weng, Jon Silva, Timothy W Smith, Stacey L Rentschler, Steven C George

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in the United States, affecting approximately 1 in 10 adults, and its prevalence is expected to rise as the population ages. Treatment options for AF are limited; moreover, the development of new treatments is hindered by limited (1) knowledge regarding human atrial electrophysiological endpoints (e.g., conduction velocity [CV]) and (2) accurate experimental models. Here, we measured the CV and refractory period, and subsequently calculated the conduction wavelength, in vivo (four subjects with AF and four controls), and ex vivo (atrial slices from human hearts). Then, we created an in vitro model of …

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics For Earlier Identification Of Pre-Diabetes: Protocol For A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Sara Gottfried, Laura Pontiggia, Andrew B. Newberg, Gregory Laynor, Daniel A. Monti

Institute of Emerging Health Professions Faculty Papers

Introduction: Glycaemic variability and other metrics are not well characterised in subjects without diabetes. More comprehensive sampling as obtained with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may improve diagnostic accuracy of the transition from health to pre-diabetes. Our goal is to investigate the glycaemic system as it shifts from health to pre-disease in adult patients without diabetes using CGM metrics. New insights may offer therapeutic promise for reversing dysglycaemia more successfully with dietary, nutritional and lifestyle change before progression occurs to pre-diabetes and diabetes.

Methods and analysis: This systematic review will include comprehensive searches of the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov …

Association Between Antidepressant Use And Ed Or Hospital Visits In Outpatients With Sars-Cov-2, Bradley A Fritz, Nicolas Hoertel, Eric J Lenze, Farid Jalali, Angela M Reiersen

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Antidepressants have previously been associated with better outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, but their effect on clinical deterioration among ambulatory patients has not been fully explored. The objective of this study was to assess whether antidepressant exposure was associated with reduced emergency department (ED) or hospital visits among ambulatory patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. This retrospective cohort study included adult patients (N = 25 034) with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test performed in a non-hospital setting. Logistic regression analyses tested associations between home use of antidepressant medications and a composite outcome of ED visitation or hospital admission within 30 days. Secondary …

Effectiveness And Adherence To Closed Face Shields In The Prevention Of Covid-19 Transmission: A Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial In A Middle-Income Setting (Covproshield), Andrea Ramirez Varela, Alejandro Pacheco Gurruchaga, Silvia Restrepo Restrepo, Juan David Martin, Yessica Daniela Campaz Landazabal, Guillermo Tamayo-Cabeza, Sandra Contreras-Arrieta, Yuldor Caballero-Díaz, Luis Jorge Hernandez Florez, John Mario González, Juan Carlos Santos-Barbosa, José David Pinzón, Juan José Yepes-Nuñez, Rachid Laajaj, Giancarlo Buitrago Gutierrez, Martha Vives Florez, Janner Fuentes Castillo, Gianni Quinche Vargas, Andres Casas, Antonio Medina, Eduardo Behrentz, Covida Working Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The use of respiratory devices can mitigate the spread of diseases such as COVID-19 in community settings. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of closed face shields with surgical face masks to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission in working adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bogotá, Colombia.

METHODS: An open-label non-inferiority randomized controlled trial that randomly assigned participants to one of two groups: the intervention group was instructed to wear closed face shields with surgical face masks, and the active control group was instructed to wear only surgical face masks. The primary outcome was a positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction …

Phase 2 Of Extracellular Rna Communication Consortium Charts Next-Generation Approaches For Extracellular Rna Research, Bogdan Mateescu, Jennifer C Jones, Roger P Alexander, Eric Alsop, Ji Yeong An, Mohammad Asghari, Alex Boomgarden, Laura Bouchareychas, Alfonso Cayota, Hsueh-Chia Chang, Al Charest, Daniel T Chiu, Robert J Coffey, Saumya Das, Peter De Hoff, Andrew Demello, Crislyn D'Souza-Schorey, David Elashoff, Kiarash R Eliato, Jeffrey L Franklin, David J Galas, Mark B Gerstein, Ionita H Ghiran, David B Go, Stephen Gould, Tristan R Grogan, James N Higginbotham, Florian Hladik, Tony Jun Huang, Xiaoye Huo, Elizabeth Hutchins, Dennis K Jeppesen, Tijana Jovanovic-Talisman, Betty Y S Kim, Sung Kim, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Yong Kim, Robert R Kitchen, Vaughan Knouse, Emily L Laplante, Carlito B Lebrilla, L James Lee, Kathleen M Lennon, Guoping Li, Feng Li, Tieyi Li, Tao Liu, Zirui Liu, Adam L Maddox, Kyle Mccarthy, Bessie Meechoovet, Nalin Maniya, Yingchao Meng, Aleksandar Milosavljevic, Byoung-Hoon Min, Amber Morey, Martin Ng, John Nolan, Getulio P De Oliveira Junior, Michael E Paulaitis, Tuan Anh Phu, Robert L Raffai, Eduardo Reátegui, Matthew E Roth, David A Routenberg, Joel Rozowsky, Joseph Rufo, Satyajyoti Senapati, Sigal Shachar, Himani Sharma, Anil K Sood, Stavros Stavrakis, Alessandra Stürchler, Muneesh Tewari, Juan P Tosar, Alexander K Tucker-Schwartz, Andrey Turchinovich, Nedyalka Valkov, Kendall Van Keuren-Jensen, Kasey C Vickers, Lucia Vojtech, Wyatt N Vreeland, Ceming Wang, Kai Wang, Zeyu Wang, Joshua A Welsh, Kenneth W Witwer, David T W Wong, Jianping Xia, Ya-Hong Xie, Kaichun Yang, Mikołaj P Zaborowski, Chenguang Zhang, Qin Zhang, Angela M Zivkovic, Louise C Laurent

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The extracellular RNA communication consortium (ERCC) is an NIH-funded program aiming to promote the development of new technologies, resources, and knowledge about exRNAs and their carriers. After Phase 1 (2013-2018), Phase 2 of the program (ERCC2, 2019-2023) aims to fill critical gaps in knowledge and technology to enable rigorous and reproducible methods for separation and characterization of both bulk populations of exRNA carriers and single EVs. ERCC2 investigators are also developing new bioinformatic pipelines to promote data integration through the exRNA atlas database. ERCC2 has established several Working Groups (Resource Sharing, Reagent Development, Data Analysis and Coordination, Technology Development, nomenclature, …