Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Impact Of School Nurse Education On Factors Influencing Hpv Vaccine Communication With Parents, Diane Santa Maria, Erika Thompson, Sanghamitra M Misra, Paula M Cuccaro

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause six cancer types but can be prevented with timely vaccination in early adolescence. However, despite the wide availability of the HPV vaccine, uptake remains suboptimal among US adolescents. School nurses are invaluable resources to students and their families regarding adolescent immunization needs. As part of the All for Them vaccination program, we assessed the impact of the continued nurse education (CNE) intervention on school nurses’ HPV vaccine communication with parents. Seventy-two school nurses and nurse administrators in Texas participated in the study. Using a single-arm study design, we measured participants’ potential barriers to and self-efficacy …

In-Hospital Mortality Patterns And Readmissions In Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Analysis Of The Role Of Pulmonary Hypertension, Saad Afzal Khan, Trishna Parikh, Adishwar Rao, Akriti Agrawal, Aarohi Parikh, Sarah Shin, Maulin Patel, Kha Dinh, Bela Patel, Bindu Akkanti

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be complicated by pulmonary hypertension (PH). We aimed to understand the impact of PH on in-hospital mortality and quantify the 30-day readmission rate among patients with COPD. For this cross-sectional study, we used the Nationwide Readmissions Database from 2017-2020 to identify adults ≥18 years with COPD. Patients were stratified according to PH diagnosis. Baseline characteristics between groups were compared using the Pearson chi-square test and two-sample t-test. Predictors of in-hospital mortality were determined using multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for demographics and confounders. The 30-day readmission rate and prevalence of PH subgroups by baseline …

Identifying Burnout In Pediatric Clinicians Using Wearable Biometric Data: Development And Feasibility Study., Thomas Ayres, George E. Quaye, Harpreet Gill, Addison M. Pritchett Ms, Catherine Koertje, J Steven Leeder, Brooke L. Fridley, Tiffany Addington

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Addressing the burnout epidemic among health care providers remains one of the foremost challenges of modern health care systems. Past researchers have turned to passively gathered biometric data from wearable devices to identify key variables that predict burnout. However, this has resulted in limited success.

OBJECTIVE: This pilot and feasibility study aimed to test the feasibility and accuracy of developing an Extreme Gradient Boosting machine learning model to classify health care providers as being at higher or lower risk of burnout based on their biometric data.

METHODS: We conducted a 3-month pilot and feasibility study where health care providers …

Using Implementation Research Frameworks To Identify Facilitators And Barriers To Implementation Of Ferric Carboxymaltose Intravenous Iron Among Moderately Anemic Postpartum Women Participating In A Trial In India, Umesh Charantimath, Valerie L. Flax, Ashwini Dandappanavar, Anika Hannan, Mrityunjay C. Metgud, Avinash Kavi, Manjunath Somannavar, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Simal Thind, Rosemary Frasso, Lauren Wiener, Sabrina Larosa, Cecilia Rasco, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Richard Derman

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Postpartum anemia affects approximately 75% of women in India. We conducted this implementation research (IR) related to the use of ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) intravenous (IV) iron as part of a trial in anemic postpartum women. The aim of the IR study was to understand potential facilitators and barriers to implementation of single-dose FCM IV iron. This is a mixed-methods study in three secondary-level healthcare facilities in Belagavi, India, designed to explore selected Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research constructs and Proctor’s framework elements. Quantitative data were gathered via surveys of postpartum women who received IV FCM (n = 308) and from …

Transactional Competence, Reliance, And Trustworthiness: Essential Attributes Of Successful Residents, Gabriel M. Daniels, Leah Colucci, Christina C. Huang, Donna A. Caniano, Timothy P. Brigham, Thomas J. Nasca

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Birth Cohort Effects In Adults Associated With Influenza A(H1n1)Pdm09 Vaccine Effectiveness, Feng Liu, Stacey L House, Tamair Curley, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: In 2023-2024 influenza season, adults in the 1957-1985 birth cohort had the lowest vaccine effectiveness (VE) against A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses than other age groups, including those in the 1986-2005 birth cohort. We investigated A(H1N1)pdm09 antibody levels in sera collected from influenza cases and controls to explain the birth cohort effect of the low VE.

METHODS: Acute and convalescent sera were collected from adults (1986-2005 and 1957-1985 birth cohorts) during 2023-2024. Hemagglutination inhibiting (HI) and binding antibodies were assessed against representative A(H1N1) viruses and hemagglutinin antigens.

RESULTS: A(H1N1)pdm09-infected cases in the 1957-1985 birth cohort had significantly lower HI antibodies in the …

Expanding The Clinical And Molecular Spectrum Of Tubb2b Through Distinct Variants Identified Across Multiple Families, Haowei Du, Lauren E Westerfield, Chloe Munderloh, Divya Kalra, Yifan Wu, Yi Chen, Marie-Claude Gingras, Shalini N Jhangiani, Sarenur Yilmaz, Maha S Zaki, Daniel G Calame, Davut Pehlivan, Richard A Gibbs, Richard A Lewis, James R Lupski, Jennifer E Posey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

TUBB2B encodes a β-tubulin isotype essential for neuronal proliferation, migration, and organization during brain development. Pathogenic heterozygous variants in TUBB2B are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders including polymicrogyria and corpus callosum abnormalities. However, the phenotypic spectrum remains heterogeneous, most likely reflecting variant-specific effects on microtubule formation and stability. Homozygous TUBB2B variants are exceedingly rare, with one family reported to date. We describe five individuals in four families with rare TUBB2B variants. Four variants are described, including a previously reported de novo missense variant, c.292G>A (GenBank: NM_178012.5) (p.Gly98Arg), with potential phenotypic expansion including panhypopituitarism; a previously reported de novo missense variant, …

A Phase 2, Open-Label, Multicenter Study Of The Safety And Efficacy Of Tak-007 In Adult Patients With Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Justin Darrah, Indumathy Varadarajan, Amitkumar Mehta, Jennifer Saultz, Matthew Mckinney, Monalisa Ghosh, Usama Gergis, Andrew Krueger, Kevin Galinsky, Girish Bende, Ajeetha Ramachandran, Varsha Sundaresan, Siddha Kasar, Bradley Hupf, Sharon Chen, Leopold Sellner, Reem Karmali

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

In relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-natural killer (NK) cell therapies offer potential advantages over CAR-T-cell therapies, including off-the-shelf availability and scalable manufacturing. We performed a phase 2 study of single-dose TAK-007, a cryopreserved, cord blood-derived, off-the-shelf CD19 CAR-NK cell therapy, in 26 heavily pre-treated patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Adverse events were manageable, with limited grade 1-2 cytokine release syndrome (11.5%). Overall response rate with TAK-007 800 x106 CD19 CAR+ viable NK cells (n=14) was 60.9% (95% CI: 38.5-80.3). Median progression-free survival was 2.0 months (95% CI: 0.99-3.58) in LBCL (n=10) and 5.6 months …

Expanding The Clinical And Molecular Spectrum Of Tubb2b Through Distinct Variants Identified Across Multiple Families, Haowei Du, Lauren E Westerfield, Chloe Munderloh, Divya Kalra, Yifan Wu, Yi Chen, Marie-Claude Gingras, Shalini N Jhangiani, Sarenur Yilmaz, Maha S Zaki, Daniel G Calame, Davut Pehlivan, Richard A Gibbs, Richard A Lewis, James R Lupski, Jennifer E Posey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

TUBB2B encodes a β-tubulin isotype essential for neuronal proliferation, migration, and organization during brain development. Pathogenic heterozygous variants in TUBB2B are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders including polymicrogyria and corpus callosum abnormalities. However, the phenotypic spectrum remains heterogeneous, most likely reflecting variant-specific effects on microtubule formation and stability. Homozygous TUBB2B variants are exceedingly rare, with one family reported to date. We describe five individuals in four families with rare TUBB2B variants. Four variants are described, including a previously reported de novo missense variant, c.292G>A (GenBank: NM_178012.5) (p.Gly98Arg), with potential phenotypic expansion including panhypopituitarism; a previously reported de novo missense variant, …

Real-World Experience Of Hepatitis C Treatment With Glecaprevir-Pibrentasvir During Pregnancy, L Madeline Mccrary, Megan R Curtis, Jeannie C Kelly, Jessica Elrod-Gallegos, Patrick Kojima, Patricia Werner, Jennifer L Mullersman, Tracey Habrock-Bach, Michael J Durkin, Laura R Marks

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Guidelines endorse antenatal hepatitis C virus treatment following shared decision making. No clinical trial or real-world data exist for glecaprevir-pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB). We report our experience with prenatal GLE/PIB in 14 patients. Ten patients completed treatment; all achieved virologic response by or at delivery, with no maternal or neonatal safety concerns.

Translation And Comprehensive Validation Of The Neurological Outcome Scale For Traumatic Brain Injury (Nos-Tbi) Into Brazilian Portuguese, Karina T. Weber, Luciana B. M. Alves, Monica C. Braga, Suleimy C. Mazin, Brunna R. Pileggi, Millene R. Camilo, Viviane A. Guimaraes, Clara M. A. Barreira, Frederico Alessio-Alves, Aline S. Carvalho, Aline C. Pacheco-Castilho, João P. Leite, Dylan J. Edwards, Octavio M. Pontes-Neto, Taiza G. S. Edwards

Moss-Magee Rehabilitation Papers

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability in Brazil and worldwide. National and multinational clinical trials in TBI require global standardization of outcome measures. The original English version of the Neurological Outcome Scale for TBI (NOS-TBI) is a valid and valuable neurological assessment tool. However, NOS-TBI has not yet been validated in Brazilian Portuguese.

Objective: To perform the translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the NOS-TBI in a Brazilian cohort of individuals with TBI.

Methods: We conducted the translation and cultural adaptation of the NOS-TBI scale to Brazilian Portuguese, followed by an analysis of psychometric properties: …

A Framework For Aligning 5-Year And Lifetime Breast Cancer Risk In Women Without High-Penetrance Mutations, Graham A Colditz, Debbie L Bennett, Kala Visvanathan, Bernie A Rosner, Shu Jiang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Reconciling cutoff thresholds for short-term (5-year) and long-term (lifetime) breast cancer risk could support tailored and evidence-based approaches to supplemental screening and risk management most relevant to short-term clinical actions. This study aims to consistently classify women at increased risk and provide 5-year risk cutoff that corresponds to a 20% lifetime risk.

METHODS: Using U.S. Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program population incidence data for women 40 to 74 years of age, this study reports both lifetime and 5-year population-based risk estimates controlling for competing risk and age varying breast cancer incidence. A cut point for 5-year risk …

Support For Human And Civil Rights In Physical Disability, Mental Illness, And Substance Use Disorder, Jessica Williams, Mia Kouveliotes, Nev Jones, Morgan C Shields

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: While there is much research on stigma toward marginalized populations, public perceptions regarding deservingness of basic human and civil rights of these groups have not been examined in a nationwide sample of US adults.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the US public's perceptions regarding deservingness of basic human and contested civil rights for people with severe physical disabilities (SPDs), severe mental illness (SMI), and substance use disorders (SUDs).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study was a nationwide US internet-based quota panel survey of US adults (aged ≥18 years) who completed the survey. Responses were collected from January 17 to February …

Early Prediction Of The Breast Cancer Response To Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Based On Intratumoral Interstitial Fluid Pressure Using 3-D Subharmonic-Aided Pressure Estimation, Sung In Choi, Basak Dogan, Corinne E. Wessner, Jessica H. Porembka, Priscilla Machado, B. Bersu Ozcan, Nisha Unni, Maysa Abu-Khalaf, Kenneth Hoyt, Flemming Forsberg, Kibo Nam

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

Elevated intratumoral interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) may negatively impact the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). This study aimed to predict the breast cancer response to NAC based on intratumoral IFP using 3D contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with subharmonic-aided pressure estimation (SHAPE). This prospective study enrolled breast cancer patients undergoing NAC from two clinical sites. 3D CEUS was performed at 0%, 10%, and 30% of NAC completion using a GE Logiq E9 with Definity. The pressure gradients between the tumor and adjacent normal tissue were estimated by SHAPE, utilizing the inverse linear relationship between the ultrasound contrast agent’s subharmonic signal amplitude and …

Holding Hope: Maternal Experiences Of Kangaroo Mother Care Within Sociocultural Contexts In Ethiopia., Miraj Fuad Alemar, Betelehem B. Kassa, Mahlet Abayneh, Hanan N. Mohammed, Stephanie Kukora

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is a crucial method for improving the health outcomes of preterm and low birth weight (LBW) infants, particularly in resource-limited settings. However, barriers hinder mothers from effectively practicing KMC. This study aims to explore mothers' perceptions, hopes, and buy-in regarding KMC in a tertiary care center in Ethiopia.

METHODS: A semistructured interview guide was developed on the basis of a literature review. In-depth interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of mothers who had practiced KMC within the past two years at Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The interviews, which …

Engagement And Weight Change In An Online Weight Management Program In Clinical Settings: An Implementation Project, Caroline M Apovian, Ashley C Mccarthy, Alexander J Blood, Lipika Samal, Naomi D L Fisher, E John Orav, Matthew Wien, Jorge Plutzky, Jason P Block, David W Bates, Ronen Rozenblum, Michela Tucci, Marian Mcpartlin, Michael Oates, Katherine D Mcmanus, Benjamin M Scirica

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: There is an urgent need for scalable strategies for treatment of overweight and obesity that can be implemented in clinical settings.

Objective: To implement and evaluate an online weight management program in a large, diverse population of patients.

Design: Clinical implementation project in primary care and specialty clinics.

Participants: Eligible patients were ≥ 20 years old, spoke English or Spanish, and had a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 30 kg/m2 or a BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m2 plus ≥ 1 cardiovascular risk factor or obesity-related condition.

Intervention: Enrolled patients were encouraged to register for a 12-month digital health program …

Unveiling Functional-Metabolic Synergy In The Healthy Brain: Multivariate Integration Of Dynamic [18f]Fdg-Pet And Resting-State Fmri, Claudia Tarricone, Giulia Vallini, Giorgia Baron, Massimiliano Facca, Erica Silvestri, Tommaso Volpi, Andrei G Vlassenko, Manu S Goyal, Alessandra Bertoldo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Despite accounting for only 2% of body weight, the human brain requires significant amounts of glucose, even at rest, underscoring the importance of functional-metabolic relationships. Previous studies revealed moderate associations between resting-state fMRI functional connectivity (FC) and local metabolism via [

High-Grade Astrocytoma With Piloid Features: A Clinical And Genomic Analysis Of Prognostic Factors Using A Large Cohort, Shuodan Zhang, Omar H Butt, Sonika Dahiya, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently defined tumor type that is not well understood. Prognostic factors of clinical outcomes are not well established.

METHODS: Methylation profiling was performed on tumor samples, many at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Laboratory of Pathology, and others from publicly available sources. Methylation classifier scores of ≥0.90 to the HGAP class on the NCI-Bethesda classifier version 3 were included. Clinical features were collected from the medical record. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox-proportional hazards methods.

RESULTS: The cohort comprised 421 patients. There were high rates of ATRX alteration …

Cytogenetic And Molecular Findings In Hydrops-Related Mirror Syndrome, Brian A Burnett, Christian M Parobek, Jessian L Munoz, Lauren E Westerfield, Kristi Poling, Cara Buskmiller, Amir A Shamshirsaz, Roopali V Donepudi, Ignatia B Van Den Veyver, Magdalena Sanz Cortes, Michael A Belfort, Ahmed A Nassr

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: Mirror syndrome is a rare, life-threatening condition in which maternal fluid overload mirrors fetal hydrops. Data on genetic findings in affected pregnancies are limited. We compared genetic diagnoses in hydrops cases with and without mirror syndrome.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study (2012-2023) of pregnancies with non-immune hydrops at a single fetal center. Clinical data along with prenatal and postnatal genetic testing results were analyzed. Mirror syndrome was defined as fetal hydrops with new or worsening hypertension and significant maternal edema. Genetic testing rates and diagnostic yields were compared between the groups.

Results: Of the 192 cases, 140 …

Agentic Ai For Clinical Outcomes Research, Population Health Management Analyses With Large Administrative Databases, And Generating Epidemiological Estimates Of Diseases: Feasibility And Validation Study, Daniel Frisch, Michael Fronstin, Carla Zema

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: There is tremendous enthusiasm for the use of AI in health care because of the ability to analyze existing data for preventative, diagnostic, and treatment support. Agentic AI can feasibly provide access to large real-world datasets for the generation of real-world evidence for health care and clinical applications to health care providers, researchers, and administrators without access to large analytic programming resources.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to understand the feasibility of using agentic AI for clinical outcome research and population health management. Specifically, this study used an agentic AI evidence-generation platform to obtain epidemiological estimates of …

Individual Host Variation In Single-Cell Responses To Enteroaggregative Escherichia Coli Infection Modeled With Human Colon Organoids, Cristian Coarfa, Anthony W Maresso

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is a leading cause of diarrhea worldwide. Interestingly, EAEC disease outcomes vary dramatically among infected individuals, ranging from asymptomatic colonization to acute and chronic diarrhea. While previous research has focused on EAEC virulence factors, emerging evidence suggests that host genetic and cellular background may be equally important in determining disease susceptibility. To understand host-driven disease heterogeneity, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on human colon organoids (HCOs) derived from three healthy adult donors following EAEC 042 infection. Surprisingly, despite comparable EAEC adherence across donors, we observed striking donor-specific responses to infection at multiple levels. A total of …

Palopegteriparatide For Adults With Chronic Hypoparathyroidism: Skeletal Dynamics Through 3 Years Of The Phase 2 Path Forward Trial, Mishaela Rubin, Bart Clarke, Lorenz Hofbauer, Aliya Khan, Peter Schwarz, Tamara Vokes, Intekhab Ahmed, Andrea Palermo, Filomena Cetani, Uberto Pagotto, Carol Zhao, Michael Ominsky, Bryant Lai, Jenny Ukena, Aimee Shu, Lars Rejnmark

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Faculty Papers

Hypoparathyroidism is an endocrine disease caused by insufficient levels of PTH, which acts directly on bone and kidney and indirectly on the intestine to regulate calcium and phosphate balance. In clinical trials, palopegteriparatide (TransCon PTH) treatment enabled independence from conventional therapy (no active vitamin D, ≤600 mg/d calcium) and maintained serum biochemistries within normal ranges. The current analyses describe patterns of change in BMD, serum bone turnover markers, and serum and urine calcium in adults with chronic hypoparathyroidism treated with palopegteriparatide through 3 years of the PaTH Forward trial. Baseline BMD Z-scores for the LS, TH, FN, and 1/3 distal …

Cytomegalovirus Immune Responses And Cognitive Impairment In People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Lakshmi Chauhan, Debashis Ghosh, Beau Ances, Katherine Tassiopoulos, Kunling Wu, Adriana Weinberg, Kristine M Erlandson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an earlier occurrence of aging complications, including cognitive impairment (CI). Chronic immune activation from cytomegalovirus (CMV) may contribute to increased inflammation and CI. We explored this association using several measures of CMV immune response among people with HIV (PWH). In a case-control design, we compared CMV immunoglobulin G (IgG), enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot), and flow cytometry between cases (subsequent CI) and controls (no CI). Baseline CMV IgG, CMV ELISpot, or flow measures were not associated with subsequent CI. This exploratory analysis supports larger studies using more nuanced immunophenotyping to clarify relationship between CMV and …

Understanding The Lived Experiences Of Individuals With Post-Acute Sequelae Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection (Pasc) In Rwanda: A Phenomenological Qualitative Study, Iliza Grace Ndatinya, Simal Thind, Fernand Rwamwejo

Global Health Articles

OBJECTIVES: To qualitatively explore the lived experiences of individuals with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) in Rwanda, with the aim of informing context-appropriate interventions to improve patients' quality of life.

DESIGN: Qualitative, phenomenological study using in-depth interviews and thematic analysis.

SETTING: All provinces of Rwanda, including the City of Kigali.

PARTICIPANTS: Adults who tested positive for PASC during a nationwide prevalence study were purposively sampled across all study sites. A total of 30 people were interviewed before saturation was reached.

RESULTS: Participants' lived experiences with PASC were characterised by numerous themes. Despite describing significant life changes since their COVID-19 …

Validation Of Next‑Generation Sequencing‑Derived Circulating Mrna Variants As Potential Diagnostic Tools In Hepatocellular Carcinoma And Cholangiocarcinoma, Daniel Zezulinski, Maarouf A. Hoteit, David E. Kaplan, Tingting Zhan, Cataldo Doria, Timothy M. Block, Aejaz Sayeed

Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Liquid biopsy can transform oncology practice through early detection and real‑time monitoring of cancer progression and response to treatment. Circulating cell‑free tumor RNA offers promise as a novel and emerging alternative to circulating cell‑free tumor DNA for detecting the presence and understanding the biology of liver tumors. Both circulating DNA and RNA, which predominantly reside in extracellular vesicles, carry evidence of vital germline and somatic mutations. High impact single nucleotide changes, insertions and deletions in circulating RNA (ctRNA) serve a key role in cancer development and progression. Tumor cells exploit the RNA splicing machinery to induce structural and functional changes …

The Effect Of Antibacterial Mouthwash On Blood Pressure In Humans: A Scoping Review., Bhavik Singh, Parker North, Zoë M Rushetsky, Richard C Brito, Francis Jenney

PCOM Scholarly Works

BACKGROUND: Oral hygiene is a key component of health. Practices for oral hygiene include brushing teeth with toothpaste, flossing, and mouth washing. It has been reported that 36% of United States adults use mouthwash daily. However, antibacterial mouthwashes kill oral nitrate-reducing bacteria, thus impairing nitric oxide production. Nitric oxide is a key molecule in vasodilation and blood pressure regulation, often acting as a mediator, so there is a potential for antibacterial mouthwashes to cause elevated blood pressure. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review to address the question: Does antibacterial mouthwash use significantly increase blood pressure in humans?

METHODS: A scoping …

Proteomic Profiling Identifies Systemic Drivers Of Blood-Brain Barrier Injury In Sickle Cell Disease, Yan Wang, Serguei Astafiev, Jinsheng Yu, Slim Fellah, Martin N Reis, Vivian Chen, Amy E Mirro, Chunwei Ying, Kristin P Guilliams, Melanie E Fields, Allison A King, Yasheng Chen, Robert A Campbell, Jorge Di Paola, Carlos Cruchaga, Jin-Moo Lee, Hongyu An, Andria L Ford

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Sickle cell disease (SCD) causes brain injury and cognitive disability. Systemic inflammation and endothelial injury are central to SCD pathophysiology, yet the relationship between systemic drivers of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and brain injury remains understudied. This cross-sectional study assessed whole-brain and regional BBB permeability (Ktrans) using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for 37 adults with SCD in steady state and 37 adults without SCD. Cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and white matter mean diffusivity (MD) measured tissue hypoxia and microstructural injury, respectively. The SCD cohort showed elevated Ktrans compared with controls (3.6 × 10-4·min-1 vs 2.58 × 10-4·min-1; 95% …

Safety And Efficacy Of Allogeneic Cd19-Directed Car-T Therapy Ctx110 In Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Joseph P Mcguirk, Armin Ghobadi, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

This multicenter, single-arm, phase 1/2 study evaluated the safety and efficacy of CD19-directed allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapy CTX110 in adult patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Patients received 1 or 2 treatment courses: standard lymphodepletion, followed by 1 CTX110 infusion at dose levels (DLs) 1 to 4 (3 × 107 to 60 × 107 CAR T cells; dose escalation, N = 32), or 2 infusions at DL4 on days 1 and 35 (cohort expansion, N = 31). Primary end points in dose escalation and cohort expansion were incidence of dose-limiting toxicities and objective response rate, respectively. …

Primary Care Use And Kidney Transplant Outcomes Among Patients On Hemodialysis - A Cohort Study, Dustin Le, Hatem Najar, Zoheb Backer, Rohanit Singh, Byoungjun Kim, Anna Flattau, Morgan E. Grams, Laura Plantinga, Bernard G. Jaar

Division of Nephrology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND

Kidney transplantation is the optimal treatment for kidney failure, but whether primary care use among those on dialysis is associated with increased rates of kidney transplantation is unknown.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using United States Renal Data System (USRDS) and Medicare Parts A, B, and D claims to estimate the association between any primary care use (vs none) and both kidney transplantation and "active" kidney transplant waitlisting. Primary care use was defined as ≥ 1 outpatient visit to a family, general, geriatric, or internal medicine provider from January 1^st, 2018 to December 31^{st …}

Low Rates Of Smoking Cessation Medication Prescriptions And Evidence To Support Increased Medication Utilization, Jesse Pratt

SIU Journal of Medical Science Scholarly Works

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Tobacco use remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States.  Over the past several decades, there has been a steady decline in tobacco use, however overall use remains unacceptably high.  Despite recommendations to treat people with tobacco use disorder with smoking cessation medications (SCMs), prescriptions for SCMs remain low.

Methods: A PubMed search was conducted using search terms “adult”, “smoking cessation”, “medication”, “varenicline”, “nicotine”, and “bupropion”.  Filters included publication dates within ten years, and full text.  Search results yielded 109 articles.  Thirteen articles were selected for the review.  The articles chosen either discussed prescribing …