Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Trends And Seasonality Of Emergency Department Visits And Hospitalizations For Suicidality Among Children And Adolescents In The Us From 2016 To 2021, Youngran Kim, Trudy Millard Krause, Scott D Lane

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: The detection of seasonal patterns in suicidality should be of interest to clinicians and US public health officials, as intervention efforts can benefit by targeting periods of heightened risk.

OBJECTIVES: to examine recent trends in suicidality rates, quantify the seasonality in suicidality, and demonstrate the disrupted seasonality patterns during the spring 2020 COVID-19-related school closures among US children and adolescents.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based, descriptive cross-sectional study used administrative claims data from Optum's deidentifed Clinformatics Data Mart Database. Participants included children aged 10 to 12 years and adolescents aged 13 to 18 years who were commercially insured …

Clinical And Demographic Factors Associated With Covid-19, Severe Covid-19, And Sars-Cov-2 Infection In Adults: A Secondary Cross-Protocol Analysis Of 4 Randomized Clinical Trials, Deborah A Theodore, Angela R Branche, Lily Zhang, Daniel S Graciaa, Madhu Choudhary, Timothy J Hatlen, Raadhiya Osman, Tara M Babu, Samuel T Robinson, Peter B Gilbert, Dean Follmann, Holly Janes, James G Kublin, Lindsey R Baden, Paul Goepfert, Glenda E Gray, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Karen L Kotloff, Cynthia L Gay, Brett Leav, Jacqueline Miller, Ian Hirsch, Jerald Sadoff, Lisa M Dunkle, Kathleen M Neuzil, Lawrence Corey, Ann R Falsey, Hana M El Sahly, Magdalena E Sobieszczyk, Yunda Huang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Current data identifying COVID-19 risk factors lack standardized outcomes and insufficiently control for confounders.

OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with COVID-19, severe COVID-19, and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This secondary cross-protocol analysis included 4 multicenter, international, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, COVID-19 vaccine efficacy trials with harmonized protocols established by the COVID-19 Prevention Network. Individual-level data from participants randomized to receive placebo within each trial were combined and analyzed. Enrollment began July 2020 and the last data cutoff was in July 2021. Participants included adults in stable health, at risk for SARS-CoV-2, and assigned to the placebo group …

The Clinicogenomic Landscape Of Induction Failure In Childhood And Young Adult T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, David O'Connor, Jonas Demeulemeester, Lucia Conde, Amy Kirkwood, Kent Fung, Foteini Papaleonidopoulou, Gianna Bloye, Nadine Farah, Sunniyat Rahman, Jeremy Hancock, Caroline Bateman, Sarah Inglott, Jon Mee, Javier Herrero, Peter Van Loo, Anthony V Moorman, Ajay Vora, Marc R Mansour

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Failure to respond to induction chemotherapy portends a poor outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is more frequent in T-cell ALL (T-ALL) than B-cell ALL. We aimed to address the limited understanding of clinical and genetic factors that influence outcome in a cohort of patients with T-ALL induction failure (IF).

METHODS: We studied all cases of T-ALL IF on two consecutive multinational randomized trials, UKALL2003 and UKALL2011, to define risk factors, treatment, and outcomes. We performed multiomic profiling to characterize the genomic landscape.

RESULTS: IF occurred in 10.3% of cases and was significantly associated with increasing age, …

Patient-Reported Quality Of Life In Adolescents And Young Adults With Cancer Who Received Radiation Therapy, Kelsey L Corrigan, Bryce B Reeve, John M Salsman, Elizabeth J Siembida, Grace L Smith, Maria C Swartz, Kamaria L Lee, Faraz Afridi, Lauren M Andring, Andrew J Bishop, Jillian R Gunther, J Andrew Livingston, Susan K Peterson, Michael Roth

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Radiation therapy (RT) is a common treatment for adolescents and young adults (AYAs, 15-39 years old) with cancer; however, it may cause toxicities that affect health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL). Thus, we assessed HRQOL in AYAs before, during, and after RT.

METHODS: We identified 265 AYAs who completed HRQOL PROMIS® surveys before (n = 87), during (n = 84), or after (n = 94) RT. Higher PROMIS® score represents more of the concept. Mean scores were compared to the general US population and minimally important differences (MIDs) were used to evaluate the impact of cancer on HRQOL. Linear regression modeling was …

Interactive Associations Of Eczema With Glutathione S-Transferase Genes In Relation To Autism Spectrum Disorder And Its Severity In Jamaican Children, Sepideh Saroukhani, Maureen Samms-Vaughan, Jan Bressler, Minjae Lee, Courtney Byrd-Williams, Manouchehr Hessabi, Megan L Grove, Sydonnie Shakespeare-Pellington, Katherine A Loveland, Mohammad H Rahbar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Comorbidity of eczema with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasing. We investigated the associations of eczema and its possible interaction with polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes in relation to ASD and ASD severity.

METHOD: Using data from 344 1:1 age- and sex-matched ASD cases and typically developing controls, we assessed additive and interactive associations of eczema with GST genes in relation to ASD by applying conditional logistic regression models, and in relation to ASD severity in ASD cases as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2nd Edition (ADOS-2) total and domain-specific comparison scores (CSs) by fitting general linear …

Stress-Induced Changes In Autonomic Reactivity Vary With Adolescent Violence Exposure And Resting-State Functional Connectivity, Heather E Dark, Nathaniel G Harnett, Adam M Goodman, Muriah D Wheelock, Sylvie Mrug, Mark A Schuster, Marc N Elliott, Susan Tortolero Emery, David C Knight

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Exposure to violence during childhood can lead to functional changes in brain regions that are important for emotion expression and regulation, which may increase susceptibility to internalizing disorders in adulthood. Specifically, childhood violence exposure can disrupt the functional connectivity among brain regions that include the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus, and amygdala. Together, these regions are important for modulating autonomic responses to stress. However, it is unclear to what extent changes in brain connectivity relate to autonomic stress reactivity and how the relationship between brain connectivity and autonomic responses to stress varies with childhood violence exposure. Thus, the present study examined …

Management Of Pediatric Appendicitis During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Multicenter Cohort Study, Brittany Hegde, Elisa Garcia, Andrew Hu, Mehul Raval, Sanyu Takirambudde, Derek Wakeman, Ruth Lewit, Ankush Gosain, Raphael H Parrado, Robert A Cina, Krista Stephenson, Melvin S Dassinger, Daniel Zhang, Moiz M Mustafa, Donna Koo, Aaron M Lipskar, Katherine Scheidler, Kyle J Van Arendonk, Patrick Berg, Raquel Gonzalez, Daniel Scheese, Jeffrey Haynes, Alexander Mina, Irving J Zamora, Monica E Lopez, Steven C Mehl, Elizabeth Gilliam, Katrina Lofberg, Brianna Spencer, Afif N Kulaylat, Brian C Gulack, Matthew Johnson, Matthew Laskovy, Pavan Brahmamdam, Aoi Shimomura, Therese Blanch, Kuojen Tsao, Bethany J Slater

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted timely access to care for children, including patients with appendicitis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on management of appendicitis and patient outcomes.

METHODS: A multicenter retrospective study was performed including 19 children's hospitals from April 2019-October 2020 of children (age≤18 years) diagnosed with appendicitis. Groups were defined by each hospital's city/state stay-at-home orders (SAHO), designating patients as Pre-COVID (Pre-SAHO) or COVID (Post-SAHO). Demographic, treatment, and outcome data were obtained, and univariate and multivariable analysis was performed.

RESULTS: Of 6,014 patients, 2,413 (40.1%) presented during the COVID-19 pandemic. More …

Prognostic Factors For Pediatric, Adolescent, And Young Adult Patients With Non-Dipg Grade 4 Gliomas: A Contemporary Pooled Institutional Experience, Jennifer K Matsui, Pamela K Allen, Haley K Perlow, Jason M Johnson, Arnold C Paulino, Mary Frances Mcaleer, Maryam Fouladi, David R Grosshans, Amol J Ghia, Jing Li, Wafik T Zaky, Murali M Chintagumpala, Joshua D Palmer, Susan L Mcgovern

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: WHO grade 4 gliomas are rare in the pediatric and adolescent and young adult (AYA) population. We evaluated prognostic factors and outcomes in the pediatric versus AYA population.

Methods: This retrospective pooled study included patients less than 30 years old (yo) with grade 4 gliomas treated with modern surgery and radiotherapy. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were characterized using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis.

Results: Ninety-seven patients met criteria with median age 23.9 yo at diagnosis. Seventy-seven patients were ≥ 15 yo (79%) and 20 patients were < 15 yo (21%). Most had biopsy-proven glioblastoma (91%); the remainder had H3 K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma (DMG; 9%). All patients received surgery and radiotherapy. Median PFS and OS were 20.9 months and 79.4 months, respectively. Gross total resection (GTR) was associated with better PFS in multivariate analysis [HR 2.00 (1.01-3.62), p = 0.023]. Age ≥ 15 yo was associated with improved OS [HR 0.36 (0.16-0.81), p = 0.014] while female gender [HR 2.12 (1.08-4.16), p = 0.03] and DMG histology [HR 2.79 (1.11-7.02), p = 0.029] were associated with worse OS. Only 7% of patients experienced grade 2 toxicity. 62% of patients experienced tumor progression (28% local, 34% distant). Analysis of salvage treatment found that second surgery and systemic therapy significantly improved survival.

Conclusion: Age is a significant prognostic factor in WHO grade …

Realizing The Promise Of Dolutegravir In Effectively Treating Children And Adolescents Living With Hiv In Real-World Settings In 6 Countries In Eastern And Southern Africa, Jason Michael Bacha, Sandile Dlamini, Florence Anabwani, Judith Gwimile, Jacqueline Balungi Kanywa, John Farirai, Menard Bvumbwe, Mabene Tsotako, Teresa Steffy, Diane Nguyen, Jose Euberto Mendez-Reyes, Peter Elyanu, Heather Haq

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite encouraging results from clinical trials and in high-income countries, large-scale data on the effectiveness and safety of dolutegravir (DTG) in children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) are lacking in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

METHODS: Retrospective analysis was performed among CALHIV 0-19 years old and weighing greater than or equal to 20 kg who received DTG from 2017 to 2020 at sites in Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda to determine effectiveness, safety and predictors of viral load suppression (VLS) among CALHIV using DTG, including through single drug substitutions (SDS).

RESULTS: Among 9419 CALHIV using DTG, …

Presentation Of External Ear Rosai-Dorfman Disease With Laryngeal Involvement, Kenji R Kobayashi, Yusif Hajiyev, Maren Y Fuller, Gunes Orman, Elton M Lambert

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare benign systemic histiocytic proliferation characterized by massive lymph node enlargement and sometimes associated with extranodal involvement. Even though it is considered to be benign, death can occur depending on the extent and location. Our case highlights a primary extranodal site of the right pinna with extension through the Eustachian tube to the subglottis. A previously healthy 15-year-old female presented with 1-year right pinna swelling, slowly enlarging and becoming more bothersome. An incisional biopsy was performed on the ear along with S100 staining yielding a diagnosis. After multidisciplinary case discussion, clofarabine monotherapy and systemic therapy …

Defining The Full Spectrum Of Pediatric Firearm Injury And Death In The United States: It Is Even Worse Than We Think, Bindi J Naik-Mathuria, Cary M Cain, Elizabeth A Alore, Liang Chen, Lisa A Pompeii

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the full spectrum of pediatric firearm injury in the United States by describing fatal and nonfatal injury data epidemiology, vulnerable populations, and temporal trends.

BACKGROUND: Firearm injury is the leading cause of death in children and adolescents in the United States. Nonfatal injury is critical to fully define the problem, yet accurate data at the national level are lacking.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study combining national firearm injury data from the Centers for Disease Control (fatal) and the National Trauma Data Bank (nonfatal) between 2008 and 2019 for ages 0 to 17 years. Data were analyzed using descriptive …

Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists’ Use, Attitudes, And Understanding Of Genetic Testing And Pharmacogenetics In Clinical Practice, Takahiro Soda, Amanda R Merner, Brent J Small, Laura N Torgerson, Katrina Muñoz, Jehannine Austin, Eric A Storch, Stacey Pereira, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

The purpose of this study was to report current practices and attitudes of child and adolescent psychiatrists (CAP) regarding diagnostic genetic and pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing. We surveyed 958 US-based practicing CAP. 54.9% of respondents indicated that they had ordered/referred for a genetic test in the past 12 months. 87% of respondents agreed that it is their role to discuss genetic information regarding psychiatric conditions with their patients; however, 45% rated their knowledge of genetic testing practice guidelines as poor/very poor. The most ordered test was PGx (32.2%), followed by chromosomal microarray (23.0%). 73.4% reported that PGx is at least slightly …

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Children And Adolescents With Anxiety Disorders, Jordan T Stiede, Erika S Trent, Andres G Viana, Andrew G Guzick, Eric A Storch, Jonathan Hershfield

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Anxiety disorders are the most common class of psychiatric conditions among children and adolescents. The cognitive behavioral model of childhood anxiety has a strong theoretic and empirical foundation that provides the basis for effective treatment. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), with an emphasis on exposure therapy, is the gold standard treatment for childhood anxiety disorders, with strong empirical support. A case vignette demonstrating CBT for childhood anxiety disorders in practice, as well as recommendations for clinicians, are also provided.

Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists’ Use, Attitudes, And Understanding Of Genetic Testing And Pharmacogenetics In Clinical Practice, Takahiro Soda, Amanda R Merner, Brent J Small, Laura N Torgerson, Katrina Muñoz, Jehannine Austin, Eric A Storch, Stacey Pereira, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

The purpose of this study was to report current practices and attitudes of child and adolescent psychiatrists (CAP) regarding diagnostic genetic and pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing. We surveyed 958 US-based practicing CAP. 54.9% of respondents indicated that they had ordered/referred for a genetic test in the past 12 months. 87% of respondents agreed that it is their role to discuss genetic information regarding psychiatric conditions with their patients; however, 45% rated their knowledge of genetic testing practice guidelines as poor/very poor. The most ordered test was PGx (32.2%), followed by chromosomal microarray (23.0%). 73.4% reported that PGx is at least slightly …

The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Physical And Mental Health Of School-Aged Children, Syed Azlan Abbas, Sufia Athar, Nadeem Zafar Jilani

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic caused a deleterious impact on global health. School-aged children were significantly impacted by the pandemic. These impacts may be attributed to the fact that this age group is at a vulnerable developmental stage and is susceptible to profound effects. We conducted a thorough literature review using PubMed, Medline, and Science Direct electronic database searches between 2020-2022. We retrieved 757 studies, 25 of which were included in our review. We considered the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical and mental health of school-aged children (5-18 years), and the results were analyzed and included in our …

The Impact Of Type 1 Diabetes On The Family And Related Factors, İsmail Çetintaş, Melahat Akgün Kostak

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the impact of Type 1 diabetes mellitus and related factors on children and families. Methods: The descriptive study was conducted with the parents of 175 children aged 6-18 years with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. The data were collected using the "Child and Family Information Form" and the "Diabetes Family Impact Scale (DFIS)." pResults:It was determined that the parents' total median DFIS score was 21.42 (9.52-35.71) and the highest median score was 33.33 (11.11-66.66) in the "finances" sub-dimension score. There was a significant difference between the child's school success and the parents' "school" sub-dimension …

A Systematic Review Of Interventions To Promote Hpv Vaccination Globally, Cam Escoffery, Courtney Petagna, Christine Agnone, Stephen Perez, Lindsay B Saber, Grace Ryan, Meena Dhir, Swathi Sekar, Katherine A Yeager, Caitlin B Biddell, Purnima Madhivanan, Stephanie Lee, Amanda S English, Lara Savas, Eliza Daly, Thuy Vu, Maria E Fernandez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine being a safe, effective cancer prevention method, its uptake is suboptimal in the United States (U.S.). Previous research has found a variety of intervention strategies (environmental and behavioral) to increase its uptake. The purpose of the study is to systematically review the literature on interventions that promote HPV vaccination from 2015 to 2020.

METHODS: We updated a systematic review of interventions to promote HPV vaccine uptake globally. We ran keyword searches in six bibliographic databases. Target audience, design, level of intervention, components and outcomes were abstracted from the full-text articles in Excel databases. …

Researching Covid To Enhance Recovery (Recover) Adult Study Protocol: Rationale, Objectives, And Design, Leora I Horwitz, Tanayott Thaweethai, Shari B Brosnahan, Mine S Cicek, Megan L Fitzgerald, Jason D Goldman, Rachel Hess, S L Hodder, Vanessa L Jacoby, Michael R Jordan, Jerry A Krishnan, Adeyinka O Laiyemo, Torri D Metz, Lauren Nichols, Rachel E Patzer, Anisha Sekar, Nora G Singer, Lauren E Stiles, Barbara S Taylor, Shifa Ahmed, Heather A Algren, Khamal Anglin, Lisa Aponte-Soto, Hassan Ashktorab, Ingrid V Bassett, Brahmchetna Bedi, Nahid Bhadelia, Christian Bime, Marie-Abele C Bind, Lora J Black, Andra L Blomkalns, Hassan Brim, Mario Castro, James Chan, Alexander W Charney, Benjamin K Chen, Li Qing Chen, Peter Chen, David Chestek, Lori B Chibnik, Dominic C Chow, Helen Y Chu, Rebecca G Clifton, Shelby Collins, Maged M Costantine, Sushma K Cribbs, Steven G Deeks, John D Dickinson, Sarah E Donohue, Matthew S Durstenfeld, Ivette F Emery, Kristine M Erlandson, Julio C Facelli, Rachael Farah-Abraham, Aloke V Finn, Melinda S Fischer, Valerie J Flaherman, Judes Fleurimont, Vivian Fonseca, Emily J Gallagher, Jennifer C Gander, Maria Laura Gennaro, Kelly S Gibson, Minjoung Go, Steven N Goodman, Joey P Granger, Frank L Greenway, John W Hafner, Jenny E Han, Michelle S Harkins, Kristine S P Hauser, James R Heath, Carla R Hernandez, On Ho, Matthew K Hoffman, Susan E Hoover, Carol R Horowitz, Harvey Hsu, Priscilla Y Hsue, Brenna L Hughes, Prasanna Jagannathan, Judith A James, Janice John, Sarah Jolley, S E Judd, Joy J Juskowich, Diane G Kanjilal, Elizabeth W Karlson, Stuart D Katz, J Daniel Kelly, Sara W Kelly, Arthur Y Kim, John P Kirwan, Kenneth S Knox, Andre Kumar, Michelle F Lamendola-Essel, Margaret Lanca, Joyce K Lee-Lannotti, R Craig Lefebvre, Bruce D Levy, Janet Y Lin, Brian P Logarbo, Jennifer K Logue, Michele T Longo, Carlos A Luciano, Karen Lutrick, Shahdi K Malakooti, Gail Mallett, Gabrielle Maranga, Jai G Marathe, Vincent C Marconi, Gailen D Marshall, Christopher F Martin, Jeffrey N Martin, Heidi T May, Grace A Mccomsey, Dylan Mcdonald, Hector Mendez-Figueroa, Lucio Miele, Murray A Mittleman, Sindhu Mohandas, Christian Mouchati, Janet M Mullington, Girish N Nadkarni, Erica R Nahin, Robert B Neuman, Lisa T Newman, Amber Nguyen, Janko Z Nikolich, Igho Ofotokun, Princess U Ogbogu, Anna Palatnik, Kristy T S Palomares, Tanyalak Parimon, Samuel Parry, Sairam Parthasarathy, Thomas F Patterson, Ann Pearman, Michael J Peluso, Priscilla Pemu, Christian M Pettker, Beth A Plunkett, Kristen Pogreba-Brown, Athena Poppas, J Zachary Porterfield, John G Quigley, Davin K Quinn, Hengameh Raissy, Candida J Rebello, Uma M Reddy, Rebecca Reece, Harrison T Reeder, Franz P Rischard, Johana M Rosas, Clifford J Rosen, Nadine G Rouphael, Dwight J Rouse, Adam M Ruff, Christina Saint Jean, Grecio J Sandoval, Jorge L Santana, Shannon M Schlater, Frank C Sciurba, Caitlin Selvaggi, Sudha Seshadri, Howard D Sesso, Dimpy P Shah, Eyal Shemesh, Zaki A Sherif, Daniel J Shinnick, Hyagriv N Simhan, Upinder Singh, Amber Sowles, Vignesh Subbian, Jun Sun, Mehul S Suthar, Larissa J Teunis, John M Thorp, Amberly Ticotsky, Alan T N Tita, Robin Tragus, Katherine R Tuttle, Alfredo E Urdaneta, P J Utz, Timothy M Vanwagoner, Andrew Vasey, Suzanne D Vernon, Crystal Vidal, Tiffany Walker, Honorine D Ward, David E Warren, Ryan M Weeks, Steven J Weiner, Jordan C Weyer, Jennifer L Wheeler, Sidney W Whiteheart, Zanthia Wiley, Natasha J Williams, Juan P Wisnivesky, John C Wood, Lynn M Yee, Natalie M Young, Sokratis N Zisis, Andrea S Foulkes

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: SARS-CoV-2 infection can result in ongoing, relapsing, or new symptoms or other health effects after the acute phase of infection; termed post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), or long COVID. The characteristics, prevalence, trajectory and mechanisms of PASC are ill-defined. The objectives of the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Multi-site Observational Study of PASC in Adults (RECOVER-Adult) are to: (1) characterize PASC prevalence; (2) characterize the symptoms, organ dysfunction, natural history, and distinct phenotypes of PASC; (3) identify demographic, social and clinical risk factors for PASC onset and recovery; and (4) define the biological mechanisms underlying PASC pathogenesis. …

Female Athlete Health Domains: A Supplement To The International Olympic Committee Consensus Statement On Methods For Recording And Reporting Epidemiological Data On Injury And Illness In Sport., Isabel S Moore, Kay M Crossley, Kari Bo, Margo Mountjoy, Kathryn E Ackerman, Juliana Da Silva Antero, Jorunn Sundgot Borgen, Wendy J Brown, Caroline S Bolling, Benjamin Clarsen, Wayne Derman, Paul Dijkstra, Amber Donaldson, Kirsty J Elliott-Sale, Carolyn A Emery, Lene Haakstad, Astrid Junge, Nonhlanhla S Mkumbuzi, Sophia Nimphius, Debbie Palmer, Mireille Van Poppel, Jane S Thornton, Rita Tomás, Phathokuhle C Zondi, Evert Verhagen

Family Medicine Publications

The IOC made recommendations for recording and reporting epidemiological data on injuries and illness in sports in 2020, but with little, if any, focus on female athletes. Therefore, the aims of this supplement to the IOC consensus statement are to (i) propose a taxonomy for categorisation of female athlete health problems across the lifespan; (ii) make recommendations for data capture to inform consistent recording and reporting of symptoms, injuries, illnesses and other health outcomes in sports injury epidemiology and (iii) make recommendations for specifications when applying the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology-Sport Injury and Illness Surveillance (STROBE-SIIS) …

A Review Of Social Media Platform Policies That Address Cannabis Promotion, Marketing And Sales, Carla J Berg, Cassidy R Loparco, Yuxian Cui, Alexandria Pannell, Grace Kong, Lynniah Griffith, Katelyn F Romm, Y Tony Yang, Yan Wang, Patricia A Cavazos-Rehg

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Cannabis marketing exposure via social media may impact use in youth and young adults. Most states with recreational cannabis lack policies regarding social media-based marketing. Thus, we examined such policies among prominent platforms, particularly those popular among youth and young adults.

METHODS: In September-October 2022, 3 research team members extracted policies applying to the general community, advertising, and any specific content regarding drug-related content for 11 social media sites: Discord, Facebook, Instagram, Pinterest, Reddit, Snapchat, TikTok, Tumblr, Twitch, Twitter, and YouTube. Using inductive thematic analysis, they then dual-coded restrictions on cannabis-related content (e.g., paid advertising, unpaid promotion, sales). Descriptive …

Assessment Of The First Presentations Of Common Variable Immunodeficiency In A Large Cohort Of Patients, Hossein Esmaeilzadeh, Armita Jokar-Derisi, Amir Hossein Hassani, Reza Yazdani, Samaneh Delavari, Hassan Abolhassani, Negar Mortazavi, Aida Askarisarvestani

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency syndrome resulting in recurrent infections, autoimmunity, and granulomatous manifestations.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: This retrospective study was conducted on an Iranian national registry of immunodeficient patients from 2010 to 2021. The frequency of first presentations of CVID and its association with sex, age of onset, and family history of CVID was evaluated.

RESULTS: A total of 383 patients entered the study, 164 of whom were female, and the rest were male. The mean age of the patients was 25.3 ± 14.5 years. The most frequent first presentations of CVID were pneumonia (36.8%) …

Adverse Birth Outcomes Of Adolescent And Young Adult Women Diagnosed With Cancer During Pregnancy, Andrea C Betts, L Aubree Shay, Philip J Lupo, Sandi L Pruitt, Michael E Roth, Marlyn A Allicock, Barbara A Cohn, Caitlin C Murphy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: We examined adverse birth outcomes among adolescent and young adult women diagnosed with cancer (AYA women, ages 15-39 years) during pregnancy.

METHODS: We linked data from the Texas Cancer Registry, vital records, and Texas Birth Defects Registry to identify all singleton births to AYA women diagnosed during pregnancy from January 1999 to December 2016. We compared prevalence of adverse live birth outcomes between AYA women and women without cancer (matched 1:4 on age, race and ethnicity, and year). Among AYA women, we used log-binomial regression to identify factors associated with these outcomes. Statistical tests were 2-sided.

RESULTS: AYA women …

Achondroplasia Natural History Study (Clarity): 60-Year Experience In Orthopedic Surgery From Four Skeletal Dysplasia Centers, Nickolas J Nahm, W G Stuart Mackenzie, William G Mackenzie, Ethan Gough, S Shahrukh Hashmi, Jacqueline T Hecht, Janet M Legare, Mary Ellen Little, Peggy Modaff, Richard M Pauli, David F Rodriguez-Buritica, Maria Elena Serna, Cory J Smid, Julie Hoover-Fong, Michael B Bober

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe the frequency and risk factors for orthopedic surgery in patients with achondroplasia. CLARITY (The Achondroplasia Natural History Study) includes clinical data from achondroplasia patients receiving treatment at four skeletal dysplasia centers in the United States from 1957 to 2018. Data were entered and stored in a Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database.

RESULTS: Information from one thousand three hundred and seventy-four patients with achondroplasia were included in this study. Four hundred and eight (29.7%) patients had at least one orthopedic surgery during their lifetime and 299 (21.8%) patients underwent multiple procedures. …

Achondroplasia Natural History Study (Clarity): 60-Year Experience In Orthopedic Surgery From Four Skeletal Dysplasia Centers, Nickolas J Nahm, W G Stuart Mackenzie, William G Mackenzie, Ethan Gough, S Shahrukh Hashmi, Jacqueline T Hecht, Janet M Legare, Mary Ellen Little, Peggy Modaff, Richard M Pauli, David F Rodriguez-Buritica, Maria Elena Serna, Cory J Smid, Julie Hoover-Fong, Michael B Bober

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe the frequency and risk factors for orthopedic surgery in patients with achondroplasia. CLARITY (The Achondroplasia Natural History Study) includes clinical data from achondroplasia patients receiving treatment at four skeletal dysplasia centers in the United States from 1957 to 2018. Data were entered and stored in a Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database.

RESULTS: Information from one thousand three hundred and seventy-four patients with achondroplasia were included in this study. Four hundred and eight (29.7%) patients had at least one orthopedic surgery during their lifetime and 299 (21.8%) patients underwent multiple procedures. …

Achondroplasia Natural History Study (Clarity): 60-Year Experience In Orthopedic Surgery From Four Skeletal Dysplasia Centers, Nickolas J Nahm, W G Stuart Mackenzie, William G Mackenzie, Ethan Gough, S Shahrukh Hashmi, Jacqueline T Hecht, Janet M Legare, Mary Ellen Little, Peggy Modaff, Richard M Pauli, David F Rodriguez-Buritica, Maria Elena Serna, Cory J Smid, Julie Hoover-Fong, Michael B Bober

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe the frequency and risk factors for orthopedic surgery in patients with achondroplasia. CLARITY (The Achondroplasia Natural History Study) includes clinical data from achondroplasia patients receiving treatment at four skeletal dysplasia centers in the United States from 1957 to 2018. Data were entered and stored in a Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database.

RESULTS: Information from one thousand three hundred and seventy-four patients with achondroplasia were included in this study. Four hundred and eight (29.7%) patients had at least one orthopedic surgery during their lifetime and 299 (21.8%) patients underwent multiple procedures. …

Achondroplasia Natural History Study (Clarity): 60-Year Experience In Orthopedic Surgery From Four Skeletal Dysplasia Centers, Nickolas J Nahm, W G Stuart Mackenzie, William G Mackenzie, Ethan Gough, S Shahrukh Hashmi, Jacqueline T Hecht, Janet M Legare, Mary Ellen Little, Peggy Modaff, Richard M Pauli, David F Rodriguez-Buritica, Maria Elena Serna, Cory J Smid, Julie Hoover-Fong, Michael B Bober

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe the frequency and risk factors for orthopedic surgery in patients with achondroplasia. CLARITY (The Achondroplasia Natural History Study) includes clinical data from achondroplasia patients receiving treatment at four skeletal dysplasia centers in the United States from 1957 to 2018. Data were entered and stored in a Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database.

RESULTS: Information from one thousand three hundred and seventy-four patients with achondroplasia were included in this study. Four hundred and eight (29.7%) patients had at least one orthopedic surgery during their lifetime and 299 (21.8%) patients underwent multiple procedures. …

Sex Differences In The Clinical Presentation Of Early Psychosis In A Primary Care Setting, Brooke Carter, Rebecca Rodrigues, Jennifer Reid, Suzanne Archie, Amanda L Terry, Lena Palaniyappan, Arlene G Macdougall, Aristotle Voineskos, Saadia Hameed Jan, Liisa Jaakkimainen, Branson Chen, Neo Sawh, Kelly K. Anderson

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Publications

Primary care is an important part of the help-seeking pathway for young people experiencing early psychosis, but sex differences in clinical presentation in these settings are unexplored. We aimed to identify sex differences in clinical presentation to primary care services in the 1-year period prior to a first diagnosis of psychotic disorder. We identified first-onset cases of non-affective psychotic disorder over a 10-year period (2005-2015) using health administrative data linked with electronic medical records (EMRs) from primary care (n = 465). Detailed information on encounters in the year prior to first diagnosis was abstracted, including psychiatric symptoms, other relevant behaviours, …

Long-Term Outcomes Of Bevacizumab And Chemoradiation For Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial, Nancy Y. Lee, Jonathan Harris, John Kim, Adam Garden, James Mechalakos, David G. Pfister, Anthony T.C. Chan, Kenneth Hu, A. Dimitrios Colevas, Steven Frank, George Shenouda, Voichita Bar-Ad, John N. Waldron, Paul M. Harari, Adam Raben, Pedro Torres-Saavedra, Quynh-Thu Le

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: The long-term outcomes associated with adding bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor, to standard chemoradiation have continued to be favorable for a group of patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

OBJECTIVE: To assess long-term toxic effects and clinical outcomes associated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy (RT), and bevacizumab for NPC.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This single-arm phase II nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted by the National Cancer Trials Network group and NRG Oncology (formerly Radiation Therapy Oncology Group), with accrual from December 13, 2006, to February 5, 2009, and data analysis from June 26 to July 1, 2019. …

Divergent Clinical Presentations And Outcomes Among Children And Adolescents With Kaposi Sarcoma In Malawi And Tanzania, Liane R Campbell, Allison Silverstein, Erin Peckham-Gregory, William Kamiyango, Jimmy Villiera, Casey L Mcatee, Jason M Bacha, Carrie L Kovarik, Parth S Mehta, Toni Chanroo, Asulwisye Kapesa, Beatrice Malingoti, Rizine Mzikamanda, Nmazuo W Ozuah, Carl E Allen, Michael E Scheurer, Nader K El-Mallawany

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Objectives: The Kaposi sarcoma (KS) T0 versus T1 staging classification does not address the unique clinical features of paediatric KS in human gammaherpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) endemic regions of Africa. This study seeks to define patterns of childhood KS using a paediatric-specific approach.

Methods: The Lilongwe paediatric KS staging classification categorizes disease based on clinical phenotype: stage 1 = mild/moderate KS limited to cutaneous/oral involvement, stage 2 = primarily lymphadenopathic disease, stage 3 = woody edema KS, stage 4 = visceral and/or severe/disseminated mucocutaneous disease. Characteristics and outcomes were evaluated from paediatric referral centres in Lilongwe, Malawi, and Mbeya, Tanzania.

Results: …

Survival Of Middle Eastern And North African Individuals Diagnosed With Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Study In California, Timothy A Zaki, Argyrios Ziogas, Jenny Chang, Caitlin C Murphy, Hoda Anton-Culver

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Literature on colorectal cancer outcomes in individuals of Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) descent is limited. To address this gap, we estimated five-year colorectal cancer-specific survival by race and ethnicity, including MENA individuals, in a diverse, population-based sample in California.

METHODS: We identified adults (ages 18-79 years) diagnosed with a first or only colorectal cancer in 2004 to 2017 using the California Cancer Registry (CCR), including non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Asian, Hispanic, and MENA individuals. For each racial/ethnic group, we calculated five-year colorectal cancer-specific survival and used Cox proportional hazards regression models to examine the association of …