Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Fundamental And Formant Frequencies Of Vowels In Ventriloquial And Normal Speech, Corrie S. Wiesner, Manish Rami

Communication Sciences & Disorders Faculty Publications

This study explored the fundamental frequency and the first and second formant frequencies of vowels produced in ventriloquial and normal speech. It tested whether these frequencies differ by speech type and vowels. Voice recordings were collected from a participant who produced words containing ten target English vowels in normal and ventriloquial speech. Digitized recordings were analyzed to determine formant frequencies. A multivariate analysis detected statistically significant differences in the three frequency measures across speech type. Speech type by frequency interaction was examined via overlapping vowel quadrilateral plots that explored differences in formants of vowels across speech type and the vowel …

Evolution Of A Training Program For Pediatric Faculty And Trainee Wellbeing, Suzanne Reed, Julie A Young, Josephine Enciso, Emma Omoruyi, Rachel Cramton, Larry Hurtubise, Katherine Allison, John Mahan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: High rates of distress and burnout continue to plague physicians. The Sustaining and Training for Resilience, Engagement and Meaning (STREAM) curriculum is a Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) funded program, developed by experts in faculty and trainee wellbeing from 7 academic institutions, to help address this ongoing and pervasive issue.

Methods: We used Kern's 6-step model to develop the STREAM program. STREAM content was developed and iteratively revised to highlight evidence-informed methods to improve wellbeing. STREAM content is grounded in the PERMA-H framework and highlights 4 pillars: Optimizing your Well-Being, Building Resilience, Collaborative Engagement to Improve your Work, …

Serum Metabolome Profiling In Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment Reveals Sex Differences In Lipid Metabolism, Rocio Diaz Escarcega, Vijay Kumar M J, Vasilia E Kyriakopoulos, Guadalupe J Ortiz, Aaron M Gusdon, Huihui Fan, Pedram Peesh, Maria P Blasco Conesa, Gabriela Delevati Colpo, Hilda W Ahnstedt, Lucy Couture, Stella H Kim, Miriam Hinojosa, Christine M Farrell, Sean P Marrelli, Akihiko Urayama, Bhanu P Ganesh, Paul E Schulz, Louise D Mccullough, Andrey S Tsvetkov

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects more women than men. Although women live longer than men, it is not longevity alone, but other factors, including metabolic changes, that contribute to the higher risk of AD in women. Metabolic pathways have been implicated in AD progression, but studies to date examined targeted pathways, leaving many metabolites unmeasured. Sex is often a neglected biological variable, and most metabolomic studies were not designed to investigate sex differences in metabolomic profiles. Here, we performed untargeted metabolomic profiling of sera from male and female patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a common precursor to AD, and matched …

Sex Differences In Brain Iron Deposition And Microglial Ferritin In Alzheimer’S Disease, Syed Mushfiqur Rahman, Chunfeng Tan, Akiyoshi Kakita, Jose Felix Moruno-Manchon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective

Iron is the most abundant metal in the human brain, and plays a crucial role in many biological processes. However, disruptions in brain iron metabolism can lead to iron buildup, which occurs with aging and is linked to several brain disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. Microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, have the highest capacity to store iron, which is stored intracellularly within ferritin complexes. Importantly, women are at a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and experience faster disease progression compared to men.

Methods

We used postmortem brain samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease and small vessel disease patients …

Commentary On “Predictors Of Length Of Physical Therapy Care For Infants With Congenital Torticollis”, Ryan Jacobson, Kathryn Knudsen, Katherine Binkerd

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

Most infants in this study were ≤3 months of age and 94% had severity grades I or II. Clinicians might prioritize accurately measuring active neck rotation using an arthrodial goniometer in younger, less severe infants, since active neck rotation deficit had the highest single-factor correlation with episode length and reflects degree of asymmetry in neck and torso strength. While the Alberta Infant Motor Scale and previous tummy/container time factors were not associated, we appreciate the efforts of the authors to address this gap in the literature.

Hopping Kinetic Differences In Masters Runners With And Without Achilles Tendinopathy, Matthew Klein, Chris Patterson, Annette Karim, Tyler Cuddeford

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is the most common running-related pathology among masters runners. Previous evidence suggests there are no differences in submaximal running biomechanics between masters runners with and without AT. Evidence suggests lower extremity power deficits are common among ageing individuals and those with AT. The single-leg horizontal hop (SLHH) test isa valid and reliable lower extremity power test. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in SLHH biomechanics between masters runners with and without AT. 32 masters runners age 50 and older with AT (60.31 ± 8.37, n = 16) and without (59.94 ±4.95 n = 16) …

A Vision Transformer Based Assistive System For Dermatological Diagnosis In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Syeda Lamima Farhat

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex and often underdiagnosed autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs and presents with a wide range of symptoms-ranging from fatigue and joint pain to life-threatening organ damage. One of its most visible and diagnostically significant indicators is the Butterfly Malar Rash (BMR), a distinctive facial rash that often resembles other common dermatological conditions like rosacea, acne, eczema, and fifth disease. This overlap can lead to misdiagnosis or delayed detection, especially in busy clinical environments. To assist dermatologists in distinguishing BMR from similar facial rashes, this study explores the development of an AI-powered image classification …

Increased Myo/Nog Cell Presence And Phagocytic Activity In Retinal Degeneration: Insights From A Mouse Model, Diana Crowley, Samantha Murad, Courtney Helm, Rachel Souza, Sarah Coughlan, Scott Serpico, Eric Sugarman, Kyle Marguiles, Brian Heist, Kathryn D. Mitchell, Christopher K. Sutera, Mark Martin, Carlos Font, Mary Woodruff, E-Jine Tsai, Rushil Brahmbhatt, Paul Lecker, Grzegorz Gorski, John Benalcazar, Serena Young, Abey Martin, Lindsay Gugerty, Jacquelyn Gerhart, Mindy George-Weinstein, Arturo Bravo Nuevo

PCOM Scholarly Works

Myo/Nog cells play a pivotal role in ocular development and demonstrate a rapid response to stress and injury. This study investigates their behavior and distribution in a murine model of retinitis pigmentosa, specifically in C3H/HeJ mice, which exhibit photoreceptor degeneration due to a homozygous mutation in the Pde6brd1 gene. Retinal samples from C3H/HeJ and C57BL/6J mice were analyzed at postnatal weeks 2.5 to 6 using hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunofluorescence for brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) expressed in Myo/Nog cells, and TUNEL labeling for apoptotic cell detection. The results demonstrated a progressive thinning of the outer nuclear layer (ONL) in …

Myod Is Required For The Differentiation Of Myo/Nog Cell Progenitors Of Myofibroblasts In Explants Of Human Lens Tissue., Jacquelyn Gerhart, Mara Crispin, Brian Heist, Keith Mathers, Joseph Infanti, David Venuti, Joseph F Richards, Steven Morency, Cathy J. Hatcher, Mindy George-Weinstein

PCOM Scholarly Works

INTRODUCTION: Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a complication of cataract surgery that impairs vision. Clouding and distortion of the posterior capsule occur as a result of cell migration, deposition of extracellular matrix proteins and contractions of myofibroblasts. The focus of this study is a subpopulation of cells within the lens, called Myo/Nog cells, that differentiate into myofibroblasts in response to wounding. Myo/Nog cells express the skeletal muscle specific transcription factor MyoD, bone morphogenetic protein inhibitor Noggin and brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor (BAI1). Depletion of Myo/Nog cells in explants of human anterior lens tissue and the rabbit lens during cataract surgery prevented …

Program And Proceedings: Nebraska Academy Of Sciences 1880–2025, 145th Anniversary Year, One Hundred-Thirty-Fifth Annual Meeting

Nebraska Academy of Sciences: Programs and Proceedings

Program

Aeronautics and Space Science

Biological and Medical Sciences

Biology

Chemistry

Earth Sciences

Science Education

Anthropology

Applied Science and Technology

Physics and Engineering

Forensic Sciences

Ecology, Sustainability, and Environmental Science

Maiben Lecture: Mary Ann Vinton, "State of the Academy"

Friends of Science Awards: David Crouse and Daniel Sitzman

Predicting Lung Cancer Severity Using Machine Learning Algorithms: Enhanced By Statistical Analysis, Esin Bilgin

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Cancer is a serious and severe cause seen in every region of the world and severely affects the quality of life and life span. Among the various types of cancer, lung cancer is one of the most critical, having a fatal impact on life. While medical imaging techniques, laboratory results, and biomarkers play a significant role in diagnosis and prognosis, clinical studies are also crucial in monitoring the progression of cancer and identifying diagnostic and prognostic factors. The findings demonstrate satisfactory accuracy, and the analysis incorporates statistical data with machine learning techniques. These findings play a pivotal role in supporting …

Quantitative Preventive Approaches To Diabetes: Mathematical Modeling And Analysis, Rushi P. Bhatt

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

The rising prevalence of diabetes presents a pressing global health concern, necessitating effective control strategies. This study aims to construct a mathematical model to analyze the influence of diverse factors on blood sugar levels, with a focus on identifying optimal methods for maintaining healthy glucose levels. Employing ordinary differential equations (ODE), the model investigates variables including leptin resistance, fat mass, glucose, insulin resistance, beta cell mass, daily physical activity, and dietary intake. Utilizing parameter estimates from existing literature, the model’s framework is established, and simulation results elucidate the intricate interplay between lifestyle choices and blood glucose dynamics. Furthermore, the model …

Effect Of Dexmedetomidine Versus Magnesium Sulfate On Intraocular Pressure In Glaucoma Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Nourhan E. Elhadidi, Nevert A. Abdelghaffar, Nabil A. Mageed, Amany Tarbay

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background : Lowering the intraocular pressure (IOP) is regarded as a primary and initial treatment option for glaucoma. Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium sulfate are known to have intraocular pressure-lowering effects which improve visual fields in patients with primary open angle glaucoma and attenuate intraocular pressure spikes induced by tracheal intubation. Aim: To evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of using Dexmedetomidine versus Magnesium Sulfate on intraocular pressure and the incidence of postoperative hyphema. Methods : This study included 100 patients both male and female with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status class ɪ and ɪɪ scheduled to undergo elective …

D-Dimer As A Bio-Marker For Assessment Of Disease Activity In Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients, Ahmed Othman, Amir A. Youssef, Y. Tera, Yasmin Adel

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is considered the most common inflammatory joint disorder. It can lead to early morbidity, mortality and increased incidence of functional disability. Achieving rapid remission in early disease appears to be a beneficial strategy in preventing work disability in RA patients. The lack of specificity of commonly used inflammatory markers prompted the investigation of novel ones for estimating disease activity in RA. D-dimer has been one of these new markers, as RA is known to induce a hypercoagulable state. Aim This study aimed to investigate the possibility of utilizing D-dimer as a potential marker for assessing RA …

Examining The Relationship Between Cognitive Auditory Processing And Sex Hormones, Trey A. Cline

Theses and Dissertations--Gerontology

Estrogen and progesterone have demonstrated modulatory effects on central auditory nervous system (CANS) function. Post-menopausal females often present to audiology clinics with complaints of difficulty hearing in background noise. However, these individuals often have normal peripheral hearing sensitivity on standard audiometry. Previous studies using the auditory brainstem response (ABR) in post-menopausal females demonstrated longer response latencies compared to their premenopausal counterparts, suggesting that sound does not transmit through the CANS as efficiently. However, to date, the available literature focused on sex hormones and the CANS relies mainly on objective measures, predominantly the ABR. The ABR reflects physiologic function through the …

A New Risk Assessment Scale For Pressure Injuries In The Icu: The M.D.R. Scale, Ann Murdock, Andrea Daily, Deb Reilly, Shih-Ting Chiu

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Inpatient Utilization Among Medicaid Members With Substance Use And Serious Mental Illness In Oregon, Megan Holtorf

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Addressing Housing As A Health-Related Social Need: Insights From A Medicaid Housing Pilot In Oregon, Megan Holtorf, Benjamin Gronowski

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Perceptions Of The Health Care System As Mediators In The Association Between Experiences Of Discrimination, Communication From Providers, And Gaps In Mammography, Hannah Cohen-Cline

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Experiences And Impacts Of A Hospital-Based, Spanish-Language Teaching Kitchen And Garden On Staff And Participants, Sarah E Roth, Benjamin Gronowski, Heidi Davis

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Oregon Doula Workforce Analysis, Aisha K Gilmore, Apoorva Somayazulu, Lindsay Dickey, Rosemelty Jimenez Medal

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Early Palliative Care In Heart Failure, Meadow Stempek, Beverly Balfe, Jennifer Tantarelli

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

In Vitro Evaluation Of Retention Of Double-Crown Prostheses Connecting Natural Teeth And Implants. A Comparative Analysis Of Zirconia, Pekk, And Cobalt Chromium Materials For Primary And Secondary Crowns, Sarah Zaman Sahib Awad, Khloud Ezzat Mourad, Ahmed Sameh Abdelaziz Ismail, Aisha Zakaria Hashem Mostafa

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Purpose Objective: To assess and compare the retention performance of different material combinations—Zirconia, PEKK, and Cobalt-Chromium—over time using insertionremoval tests simulating one year of use. Materials and Methods: Nine mandibular polyurethane models with two canines and two dummy implants (first molar area) were used. Three groups of double-crown prostheses were fabricated, differing in materials used for both primary and secondary crowns: Zirconia, PEKK, and Cobalt-Chromium. All crowns were CAD/CAM-designed. Retention was tested using a Universal Testing Machine, with each overdenture subjected to 1,440 insertionremoval cycles to simulate one year. Final retention forces were measured and analyzed using SPSS v23, with …

Mandibular Chondrosarcoma: A Rare Case Report, Moataz Elhefny, Islam Hamada, Ahmed Khalil

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Purpose: Chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor of cartilaginous tissue. It is more apparent in the axial skeletal bone but rare in the head and neck region. The biopsy is the definite way to diagnose Chondrosarcoma and surgical dissection is the direct way of management. Case description: A 76 years old male patient diagnosed with Chondrosarcoma in the mandible at the the premolar region after a history of a non-specific sclerosing osteomyeiltis at the same region 7 months ago. It was a low-grade form with good prognosis. Conclusions: Chondrosarcoma is malignant neoplasm of cartilaginous tissue. It is rare in the oral …

Bolton’S Tooth Width Discrepancies Among Orthodontic Patients In A Tanzanian Population, Ferdinand Mabula Machibya, Eladius Laswai Daniel, Matilda Mtaya Mlangwa

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Aim: The aim of the current study was to assess the prevalence of intermaxillary teeth width discrepancy among orthodontic patients in a Tanzanian population. Methods: A cross sectional retrospective study was carried involving 204 orthodontic casts. Data collection involved mesio-distal teeth width measurement of all teeth anterior to second molars using a digital Vernier Caliper. Intermaxillary teeth width ratios between lower and upper teeth was then determined according to Bolton’s formula. Independent t test was used to assess whether anterior and overall intermaxillary teeth width ratios vary between males and females. The prevalence of Bolton’s teeth width discrepancies were determined …

Adaptation Of Cantilever Endocrown Fixed Partial Denture: Effect Of Design And Material Type, Fatimah M. Abu Alrub, Nesma M. El-Gohary, Walid Al-Zordk

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Objective: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the effect of using different material type and different preparation design on marginal and internal adaptation of cantilever endocrown fixed partial denture. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six mandibular first molars were randomly collected and divided into two main groups (n=28) according to preparation design Group B: butt joint and Group C: 1 mm chamfer finish line. Each group will be subdivide into four subgroups (n=7) according to the material type used, sub-group 1: zirconia, sub-group 2: zirconia reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS), sub-group 3: fiber reinforced composite (FRC) and sub-group 4: polyether …

Effect Of Different Implant Designs On Primary Stability In Different Substrates, Mohamed Adel Ebrahim, Ahmad Mostafa Hussein, Mohamed Abdelmonem Tawfik, Elsayed Gad Eid

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Objective To clarify whether implant macrodesign has any influence on primary stability. Implant primary stability was evaluated in different substrates (fresh cow ribs and polyurethane artificial bone blocks) using several methods. Materials and Methods A total of 36 titanium dental implants (3.5 mm × 10 mm) and then divided into 3 groups (n=12): implants have trapezoidal thread design, implants have buttress thread design and implants have reverse buttress thread design were inserted in two different substrates (six fresh cow ribs and eighteen polyurethane casts). Immediately after insertion of dental implant, the implant stability was measured using three different methods (insertion …

Fracture Resistance Of Different Lithium Disilicate Restorations After Endodontic Access Cavity Preparation: Effect Of Repair Method, Hebah Agamal Abdulghafor, Essam A. Khedr, Nesma M. Elgohary, Walid A. Al-Zordk

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Objective: To evaluate the effect of different repair methods on the fracture resistance of lithium disilicate restorations after endodontic access cavity preparation. Materials and Methods: One hundred sixty sound human mandibular first molars were prepared and restored with four types of lithium disilicate–based crowns: IPS e.max CAD, GC Initial LiSi Block, Straumann n!ce, and CEREC Tessera (n = 40 each). Standardized endodontic access cavities were prepared in all specimens, then repaired using one of four techniques: (1) inlay restoration with Monobond Etch&Prime, (2) inlay restoration with IPS Ceramic Etching Gel + Monobond Plus, (3) direct composite with IPS Ceramic Etching …

Editing Approaches To Treat Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency, Derek M. Erion, Leah Y. Liu, Christopher R. Brown, Stephen I. Rennard, Humam Farah

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

TOPIC IMPORTANCE: Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a genetic disorder most commonly due to a single G to A point mutation (E342K), leading to debilitating lung and/or liver disorders and is associated with increased mortality. The E342K point mutation causes a conformational change of the AAT protein resulting in its retention in liver hepatocytes. This reduces AAT secretion into the serum resulting in higher protease activities due to the lack of inhibition from AAT, causing damage to healthy lung tissue. The current standard of care for lung manifestations involves weekly IV augmentation therapy and is considered suboptimal for these patients. …

High-Resolution Geospatial Database: National Criteria-Air-Pollutant Concentrations In The Contiguous U.S., 2016–2020, Tianjun Lu, Sun-Young Kim, Julian D. Marshall

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Concentration estimates for ambient air pollution are used widely in fields such as environmental epidemiology, health impact assessment, urban planning, environmental equity and sustainability. This study builds on previous efforts by developing an updated high-resolution geospatial database of population-weighted annual-average concentrations for six criteria air pollutants (PM_2.5, PM₁₀, CO, NO₂, SO₂, O₃) across the contiguous U.S. during a five-year period (2016–2020). We developed Land Use Regression (LUR) models within a partial-least-squares–universal kriging framework by incorporating several land use, geospatial and satellite–based predictor variables. The LUR models were validated using conventional …