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From The Editors

Collaborative Healthcare: Interprofessional Practice, Education and Evaluation (JCIPE)

Spring is a time to celebrate the outcomes of dedicated efforts throughout the academic year. We at Jefferson Center for Interprofessional Practice & Education (JCIPE) encourage you to celebrate together with those in other professions. Not only is it important to come together in our work, but it is just as important to come together to recognize each other’s achievements—to desilo our celebrations! At JCIPE, we are taking steps to celebrate more collaboratively too. Each spring, JCIPE bestows the James B. Erdmann Awards for Excellence in Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice to members of the Jefferson community for outstanding contributions …

Collaborative Healthcare: Interprofessional Practice, Education And Evaluation (Jcipe), Volume 14, Number 2, Spring/Summer 2024

Collaborative Healthcare: Interprofessional Practice, Education and Evaluation (JCIPE)

In this Issue:

• Letter from the Editors
• JCIPE Updates
• Team Reflection on the J-SICCC Experience
• Expanding Awareness and Engagement in Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice Through LinkedIn®
• Interview of Health Mentor: Pat Noto
• JCIPE Awards and Recognition - 2024 Award Recipients
• Meet an IPE Staff Champion
• Meet an IPE Alumna Champion

Nutrition And Dietetics Educators’ Experiences Using Systems Thinking In Teaching, Erin E. Bergquist, Lyndi Buckingham-Schutt, Scott Smalley, Christina G. Campbell, Awoke Dollisso, Shuyang Qu

Journal of Dietetic Education

Objective: Describe educator experiences teaching systems thinking in nutrition and dietetics education. Design: Qualitative, semi-structured, online interviews. Setting: Educators teaching in accredited nutrition and dietetics programs. Participants: Purposive sample of thirteen Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (92% female, 77% with > 6 years teaching experience) from each U.S. census region and accredited program type. Phenomenon of Interest: Educators described experiences teaching systems thinking in accredited programs, including benefits. Analysis: Transcribed interviews were analyzed using qualitative grounded theory iterative coding. Excel was used for data organization and thematic coding analysis. Results: Educators described four themes when teaching systems thinking: (1) a holistic approach to …

Student Exposure To Andhii Improves Confidence With Applying The Nutrition Care Process, Casey Colin, Tad Campbell, Michel Harris, Avalon Mustafa, Lindsay Woodcock

Journal of Dietetic Education

The objective of this study was to explore if using ANDHII improves NCP confidence and documentation quality. This quasi-experimental trial was conducted with n = 43 undergraduate dietetic students. NCP confidence was measured before and after a traditional case study, and after an ANDHII case study. Documentation quality was measured using a validated quality audit tool. Confidence increased from time 1 to time 2 (p = 0.008), and from time 2 to time 3 (p = 0.003). Documentation quality was higher for the ANDHII documentation compared to the non-ANDHII documentation (p < 0.001) but lower when compared to the traditional ADIME (p = 0.03). Familiarizing students with ANDHII improved NCP confidence. Opportunities exist to improve ANDHII functionality and positively impact documentation quality.

Impact Of Covid-19 On Coordinated Programs In Dietetics, Eric West, Tiffany Sterling, Joanna Cupp, Sara Tamsukhin

Journal of Dietetic Education

The purpose of this study was to analyze tactics employed by coordinated programs in dietetics during COVID-19 and share best practices in the event that another crisis disrupts the intended learning plan and curriculum. The study was conducted via a survey that consisted of 14 questions, not including consent, that pertained to their specific program, whether COVID disrupted their supervised practice experiences, and if so, how they overcame the challenge. Participants receiving the survey consisted of dietetic coordinated program directors and the clinical coordinators of the respective program if applicable. The survey was sent to 60 total participants with 21 …

Can Gpa And Degree Type Predict Success On The Entry-Level Registration Examination For Dietitians?, Sunitha Zechariah, Jennifer Doley, Nicole Moore, Raymond Chong

Journal of Dietetic Education

Purpose: Although program directors consider several measures when assessing dietetic program applicants, grade point average (GPA) is often the most highly weighted. However, its ability to predict success in the entry-level registration examination for dietitians (RD exam) is unknown. Our objective was to determine how well GPA predicted first-time success in the RD exam. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the associations among academic variables: pre-admission GPA (Overall- GPA), didactic program in dietetics GPA (DPD-GPA), and the type of degree (bachelor's versus master’s) with first-time RD exam scores across seven cohorts from three DI programs (N = 408). Results: …

Perceptions Of Assessment Processes, Enhanced Competency Integration, And Practice Preparation Among Future Education Model Graduate Program Alumni, Katherine Wiley, Pamela Rothpletz-Puglia, Laura Byham-Gray, Jennifer Tomesko

Journal of Dietetic Education

Background: Competency-based assessment (CBE) focuses on applying knowledge and skills to progress from novice to expert in clinical areas. The Future Education Model Graduate Program (FEMGP) incorporates CBE to meet enhanced competencies for nutrition and dietetics. Objective: This study explored FEMGP graduates’ perceptions of assessment methods and practices and perceptions of enhanced competency (EC) integration and preparedness for entry-level practice. Methods: This was a basic descriptive qualitative study. Ninety-eight graduates from one FEMGP in the northeastern US were recruited via email to participate in one of 13 virtual focus groups from April-June of 2023. Directed content analysis was conducted with …

Registered Dietitian Nutritionists’ Knowledge, Confidence, And Experiences With Treating Trafficked Individuals: A Call For Interprofessional Continuing Education, Christen C. Cooper, Lydia Mcroberts

Journal of Dietetic Education

Background: Victims of human trafficking (HT) frequently face malnutrition, dehydration, low food security, and infections. When identified, victims of HT are normally treated with interprofessional team (IPT) care that often excludes Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs). Although RDNs are trained to treat these conditions, they may lack knowledge, confidence, and skills, for working with this population, as well as the opportunities to work on such IPTs. To date, no study has explored RDNs’ knowledge of or work with individuals who are trafficked. Objective: To explore RDNs’: HT knowledge, confidence in the ability to work with victims of HT, and barriers to …

Learning At Diabetes Camp: Experiential And Interprofessional Opportunities For Dietetics Students, Mallory Mount, Mary Kathryn Gould

Journal of Dietetic Education

Diabetes camp is helpful in providing hands-on learning experiences and interprofessional learning opportunities through immersive experiences. Currently, there is little research comparing the changes in knowledge and perception during experiential learning in dietetics students at a residential diabetes camp. This longitudinal qualitative case study explored the knowledge, perceptions, confidence, and empathy gained by four dietetics students during experiential learning at the camp. Qualitative research methods (interviews, observations, "photovoice," journals, and focus groups) were used to explore and understand participants’ experiences of hands-on involvement with type one diabetes, and what they learned at camp that cannot be learned in a classroom. …

Emphasizing Interprofessional Education Through A Virtual Case Study In A Medical Nutrition Therapy Course, Natalie B. Allen, Traci A. Garrison, Wendy R. Jackson, Bonnie K. Slavych

Journal of Dietetic Education

This observational research presents multi-year findings of a project using an online case study implemented in an undergraduate Medical Nutrition Therapy class that fostered interprofessional collaboration among students from various healthcare disciplines. The case study focused on a fictional patient with an ischemic stroke and all work was virtual. Students from various allied healthcare fields were represented: dietetics and nutrition, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology, and social work. Both undergraduate and graduate students participated in developing a virtual care plan for the patient, with an emphasis on helping students explain their role to the team, while simultaneously learning how to collaborate …

Interprofessional Education In Dietetics Programs: Student And Director Perspectives, Mckenna Voorhees, Heidi J. Wengreen, Mateja R. Savoie-Roskos, Katie N. Kraus

Journal of Dietetic Education

Background: Interprofessional Collaborative Practice (IPCP) supports optimal healthcare outcomes; accordingly, dietetic program accreditation standards require interprofessional-related education (IPE). Objective: To explore IPE implementation and evaluation of IPE in dietetics curricula, and how these relate to director confidence in students and student satisfaction. Main Outcome Measures: IPE approaches (lectures, assignments, direct experience, case studies/facilitated multidisciplinary interactions), Timing of IPE (years 1, 2, 3, 4, other), director confidence (10-level scale), student IPE satisfaction (7-level scale) Statistical Analyses Performed: The strength and direction of correlation between number of IPE methods with director confidence/student satisfaction, and time spent on IPE with director confidence were …

Editors' Message, Sara Tamsukhin, Christine Meissner

Journal of Dietetic Education

In this issue of the Journal of Dietetic Education, we share a special section for interprofessional education (IPE). The articles highlight potential avenues for interprofessional education in dietetics programs and continuing education for dietetics professionals. Each article offers insight into the landscape of dietetic education and the need for IPE. Dietetic students learn from IPE experiences in their programs. However, additional IPE occurs through outside experiences and throughout a dietitian’s career.

Cover And Front Matter, Sara Tamsukhin, Christine Meissner

Journal of Dietetic Education

No abstract provided.

Hepatitis A Cases On The Rise And What Can Be Done About It, Dana Mccarney, Stephen Rawlings

Journal of Maine Medical Center

No abstract provided.

2024 Student Research Fellowship Program: Serf Abstract Booklet, Lucas Boha, Jana Sanders, Thomas Gutwein, Evan Brown, Micah Smith, Alex Buchanan, Scott Mattson Do, Constance Adams Rdcs, Adrienne Ceruti, Kendra Hollenbeck Md, Brian Henriksen Phd, Meaghan Delaney, Gavin Lehmann Mba, Eric White, John Lozo, Adam Farmer, Fenlei Chang Md, Phd, Tara Kimbason Md, William Young Md, Nathan Fuchs, Hallel Paraiso Ms, Hannah Huang, I-Chen Ivorine Yu Phd, Tyra Grischke, Sarah Giaquinta Md, Phd, Mary Kelley, Barbara Schroeder, Mace Odle, Jessica Taylor, R. Scott Stienecker Md, Austin Snider, Amelia Roebuck Phd, Amanda Coupe, T. David Wu Md, Michael Kipp Md, Erik Wilhelm, Amy Souers Md, Facep, Nicholas Yagodinski, Annie Brinson, Rebecca Evans, Zineb Ammous Md, Facmg

Medical Student Research

2024 Student Research Fellowship Program: Abstracts included:

Retrospective Analysis of Drug Overdose Deaths in Allen County, Indiana from 2008-2023

Efficient Adoption of Robotic Spine Surgery in 1 and 2-Level TLIF.

Incremental Value of Left Atrial Strain in the Identification of Patients with Heart Failure Requiring Readmission.

Reducing Death Anxiety: The Impact of Advanced Care Planning.

Efficacy of 3D Model-Enhanced Patient Education During Surgical Informed Consent.

High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) as a Safe and Effective Treatment of Essential Tremor (ET) in Older Population.

Analysis of Cerebral Small Vessel Changes in an APOE4 Knock-In AD Mouse Model.

Reminder Recall to Increase …

Global Burden Of Cardiovascular Disease Attributable To Smoking, 1990–2019: An Analysis Of The 2019 Global Burden Of Disease Study, Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas, Ramy Sedhom, Estelle D Jean, Michael D Shapiro, Julio A Panza, Mahboob Alam, Salim S Virani, Christie M Ballantyne, Dmitry Abramov

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Aims: This study aims to investigate the trends in the global cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2019.

Methods and results: Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 was used to analyse the burden of CVD attributable to smoking (i.e. ischaemic heart disease, peripheral artery disease, stroke, atrial fibrillation and flutter, and aortic aneurysm). Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) per 100 000 and age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rates (ASDRs) per 100 000, as well as an estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in ASMR and ASDR, were determined by age, sex, year, socio-demographic index (SDI), regions, and countries or …

Barriers To Implementation Of Practice Guidelines In Heart Failure, Mary Geisenhof

DNP Projects

In 2022, the most recent guidelines for care of the patient with heart failure (HF) were released by the American Heart Association (AHA), the American College of Cardiology (ACC), and the Heart Failure Society of America (HFSA). In summary, this group did not recommend fluid restriction for patients with heart failure, unless they are in the end stages of heart failure, and only if fluid restriction may be beneficial (Heidenreich et al., 2022). Despite this recommendation, some providers and nurses continue to restrict fluids. The aim of this DNP project, therefore, was to analyze barriers to implementation of best practices …

Sutureless Valves, A "Wireless" Option For Patients With Aortic Valve Disease: Jacc State-Of-The-Art Review, Cristiano Spadaccio, Antonio Nenna, Angelo Pisani, Grzegorz Laskawski, Francesco Nappi, Marc R Moon, Fausto Biancari, Arminder S Jassar, Kevin L Greason, Malakh L Shrestha, Nikolaos Bonaros, David Rose

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Transcatheter technologies triggered the recent revision of the guidelines that progressively widened the indications for the treatment of aortic stenosis. On the surgical realm, a technology avoiding the need for sutures to anchor the prosthesis to the aortic annulus has been developed with the aim to reduce the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and simplify the process of valve implantation. In addition to a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)-like stent that exerts a radial force, these so-called "rapid deployment valves" or "sutureless valves" for aortic valve replacement also have cuffs to improve sealing and reduce the risk of paravalvular leak. Despite …

Trust Criteria For Artificial Intelligence In Health: Normative And Epistemic Considerations, Kristin Kostick-Quenet, Benjamin H Lang, Jared Smith, Meghan Hurley, Jennifer Blumenthal-Barby

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) in healthcare raise pressing questions about how much users should trust AI/ML systems, particularly for high stakes clinical decision-making. Ensuring that user trust is properly calibrated to a tool's computational capacities and limitations has both practical and ethical implications, given that overtrust or undertrust can influence over-reliance or under-reliance on algorithmic tools, with significant implications for patient safety and health outcomes. It is, thus, important to better understand how variability in trust criteria across stakeholders, settings, tools and use cases may influence approaches to using AI/ML tools in real settings. As …

A Pre-Vaccination Immune Metabolic Interplay Determines The Protective Antibody Response To A Dengue Virus Vaccine, Adam-Nicolas Pelletier, Gabriela Pacheco Sanchez, Abdullah Izmirly, Mark Watson, Tiziana Di Pucchio, Karina Inacio Carvalho, Abdelali Filali-Mouhim, Eustache Paramithiotis, Maria Do Carmo S T Timenetsky, Alexander Roberto Precioso, Jorge Kalil, Michael S Diamond, Elias K Haddad, Esper G Kallas, Rafick Pierre Sekaly

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Protective immunity to dengue virus (DENV) requires antibody response to all four serotypes. Systems vaccinology identifies a multi-OMICs pre-vaccination signature and mechanisms predictive of broad antibody responses after immunization with a tetravalent live attenuated DENV vaccine candidate (Butantan-DV/TV003). Anti-inflammatory pathways, including TGF-β signaling expressed by CD68

Antibody-Activation Of Connexin Hemichannels In Bone Osteocytes With Atp Release Suppresses Breast Cancer And Osteosarcoma Malignancy, Manuel A Riquelme, Xuewei Wang, Francisca M Acosta, Jingruo Zhang, Jeffery Chavez, Sumin Gu, Peng Zhao, Wei Xiong, Ningyan Zhang, Guo Li, Saranya Srinivasan, Chaoyu Ma, Manjeet K Rao, Lu-Zhe Sun, Nu Zhang, Zhiqiang An, Jean X Jiang

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Bone tissue represents the most frequent site of cancer metastasis. We developed a hemichannel-activating antibody, Cx43-M2. Cx43-M2, directly targeting osteocytes in situ, activates osteocytic hemichannels and elevates extracellular ATP, thereby inhibiting the growth and migration of cultured breast and osteosarcoma cancer cells. Cx43-M2 significantly decreases breast cancer metastasis, osteosarcoma growth, and osteolytic activity, while improving survival rates in mice. The antibody's inhibition of breast cancer and osteosarcoma is dose dependent in both mouse and human cancer metastatic models. Furthermore, Cx43-M2 enhances anti-tumor immunity by increasing the population and activation of tumor-infiltrating immune-promoting effector T lymphocytes, while reducing immune-suppressive regulatory T …

Dna Fork Remodeling Proteins, Zranb3 And Smarcal1, Are Uniquely Essential For Aging Hematopoiesis, Saul Kushinsky, Matthew V. Puccetti, Clare M. Adams, Irina Shkundina, Nikkole James, Brittany M. Mahon, Peter Michener, Christine M. Eischen

Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Over a lifetime, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are forced to repeatedly proliferate to maintain hematopoiesis, increasing their susceptibility to DNA damaging replication stress. However, the proteins that mitigate this stress, protect HSPC replication, and prevent aging-driven dysregulation are unknown. We report two evolutionarily conserved, ubiquitously expressed chromatin remodeling enzymes with similar DNA replication fork reversal biochemical functions, Zranb3 and Smarcal1, have surprisingly specialized roles in distinct HSPC populations. While both proteins actively mitigate replication stress and prevent DNA damage and breaks during lifelong hematopoiesis, the loss of either resulted in distinct biochemical and biological consequences. Notably, defective long-term …

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency As A Cause For Nonimmune Hydrops Fetalis And Severe Fetal Anemia: A Systematic Review, Neel S. Iyer, Matthew H. Mossayebi, Tracy J. Gao, Lylach Haizler-Cohen, Daniele Di Mascio, Rodney A. Mclaren, Huda B. Al-Kouatly

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked recessive disorder that predisposes individuals to hemolysis due to an inborn error of metabolism. We performed a systematic literature review to evaluate G6PD deficiency as a possible etiology of nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) and severe fetal anemia.

METHODS: PubMed, OVID Medline, Scopus, and clinicaltrials.gov were queried from inception until 31 April 2023 for all published cases of NIHF and severe fetal anemia caused by G6PD deficiency. Keywords included "fetal edema," "hydrops fetalis," "glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency," and "fetal anemia." Cases with workup presuming G6PD deficiency as an etiology for NIHF and …

Do Apoe4, Malnutrition, And Long Covid-19 Compound The Risk Factors For Stroke In Adverse Environments?, Alexander Vasconcelos Buzaglo, Carlos Meton De Alencar Gadelha Vieira, Gabriella Cunha Vieira Ciurleo, Ludmila Belayev, Reinaldo B. Oriá

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Elevating Plk1 Overcomes Beti Resistance In Prostate Cancer Via Triggering Brd4 Phosphorylation-Dependent Degradation In Mitosis, Yanquan Zhang, Ka-Wing Fong, Fengyi Mao, Ruixin Wang, Derek B. Allison, Dana Napier, Daheng He, Jinpeng Liu, Yeqing Zhang, Jing Chen, Yifan Kong, Chaohao Li, Guangbing Li, Jinghui Liu, Zhiguo Li, Haining Zhu, Chi Wang, Xiaoqi Liu

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target in prostate cancer (PCa). Understanding the mechanisms of BRD4 stability could enhance the clinical response to BRD4-tar- geted therapy. In this study, we report that BRD4 protein levels are significantly decreased during mitosis in a PLK1-dependent manner. Mechanistically, we show that BRD4 is primarily phosphorylated at T1186 by the CDK1/cyclin B complex, recruiting PLK1 to phosphorylate BRD4 at S24/S1100, which are recognized by the APC/CCdh1 complex for proteasome pathway degradation. We find that PLK1 overexpression lowers SPOP mutation-stabilized BRD4, consequently rendering PCa cells re-sensitized to BRD4 inhibitors. Intrigu-ingly, we …

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Context Predicts Pediatric Asthma Exacerbation, Ashley W. Kranjac, Zeev N. Kain, Louis Ehwerhemuepha, Michael Weiss, Brooke N. Jenkins

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

Causes of asthma exacerbation in children have been studied extensively at the individual level, but contributions of neighborhood-level factors are less explored. We test which distinctive residential characteristics produce variation in uncontrolled asthma among pediatric patients. We extracted electronic medical record data from pediatric patients living in Southern California and used multilevel modeling techniques to isolate which neighborhood characteristics drive inequitable asthma control. Above and beyond the individual-level factors known to predict inadequate disease control, neighborhoods with greater concentration of non-Hispanic black residents (odds ratios [OR] = 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99-1.03; P < .05), higher proportions of female-headed households (OR = 1.01; 95% CI: 0.99-1.01; P < .05), and higher levels of ambient air pollution (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01-1.10; P < .001) associate with greater odds of asthma exacerbation. The interplay between community characteristics and asthma management during childhood is complex, and place-based initiatives are needed to narrow the gap in asthma exacerbation.

Differences In Active Ingredients Of White Chicory Leaves (Brassica Pekinensis L) As A Bio-Larvicidal Against Aedes Aegypti Larvae, Marlik Marlik, Dhea Stya Okta, Ngadino Ngadino, Demes Nurmayanti, Irwan Sulistio, Aries Prasetyo

Kesmas

Continuous chemical dengue control can cause vector resistance and environmental pollution. Developing natural larvicides (bio-larvicides) from plant toxins like white chicory, which can poison Aedes aegypti larvae, is necessary for a sustainable alternative. This study aimed to analyze differences in active ingredients in white chicory leaves (Brassica pekinensis L) as bio-larvicide against Aedes aegypti larvae. This study was a pure experiment using a post-test-only control design using 1,225 Aedes aegypti instar III larvae with extracts of alkaloid active ingredients, flavonoids, and concentrations of 0%, 24%, 34%, and 40% with 3 times replication. Data were analyzed using a probit test, one-way …

Control-Matched Octo/Nonagenarian Outcomes In Acute Basilar Artery Occlusions Treated With Mechanical Thrombectomy-Analysis Of The Pc-Search Thrombectomy Registry., Adam T Mierzwa, Paige Prologo-Richardson, Sami Al Kasab, Ashley Nelson, Santiago Ortega Gutierrez, Juan Vivanco-Suarez, Mudassir Farooqui, Ashutosh P Jadhav, Shashvat Desai, Gabor Toth, Anas Alrohimi, Thanh N Nguyen, Piers Klein, Mohamad Abdalkader, Hisham Salahuddin, Zachary Wilseck, Aditya Pandey, Sravanthi Koduri, Nirav Vora, Nameer Aladamat, Khaled Gharaibeh, Ehad Afreen, Syed Zaidi, Mouhammad Jumaa

Neuroscience Articles

INTRODUCTION: Age is often used as a predictor in determining outcomes in large vessel occlusions treated with mechanical thrombectomy. However, limited data exist for octo/nonagenarian outcomes compared to younger individuals in acute basilar artery occlusions treated with thrombectomy.

METHODS: Patient data were obtained from the PC-SEARCH Thrombectomy Registry which consists of 444 acute basilar artery occlusions treated with mechanical thrombectomy. Individuals were dichotomized based on age (>80 and ≤80 years old). Primary outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale of 0-3 at 90 days. Logistic and multivariate regression, as well as control-matched analysis, were performed.

RESULTS: There were 373 …

Hyaluronan Mediates Cold-Induced Adipose Tissue Beiging, Xi Chen, Yifan Wang, Huiqiao Li, Yanru Deng, Charlise Giang, Anying Song, Yu'e Liu, Qiong A Wang, Yi Zhu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Adipose tissue beiging refers to the process by which beige adipocytes emerge in classical white adipose tissue depots. Beige adipocytes dissipate chemical energy and secrete adipokines, such as classical brown adipocytes, to improve systemic metabolism, which is beneficial for people with obesity and metabolic diseases. Cold exposure and β3-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist treatment are two commonly used stimuli for increasing beige adipocytes in mice; however, their underlying biological processes are different. Transcriptional analysis of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) has revealed that changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) pathway genes are specific to cold exposure. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a non-sulfated linear …

Bile Acid-Sensitive Human Norovirus Strains Are Susceptible To Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2 Inhibition, Victoria Tenge, B Vijayalakshmi Ayyar, Khalil Ettayebi, Sue E Crawford, Nicole M Hayes, Yi-Ting Shen, Frederick H Neill, Robert L Atmar, Mary K Estes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are a diverse group of RNA viruses that cause endemic and pandemic acute viral gastroenteritis. Previously, we reported that many HuNoV strains require bile or bile acid (BA) to infect human jejunal intestinal enteroid cultures. BA was not essential for the replication of a pandemic-causing GII.4 HuNoV strain. We found the hydrophobic BA glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) promotes the replication of the BA-dependent strain GII.3 in jejunal enteroids. Furthermore, we found that inhibition of the G-protein-coupled BA receptor, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2), by JTE-013, reduced GII.3 infection dose-dependently and inhibited GII.3 cellular uptake in enteroids. Herein, we sought …