Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Proteomics In Orthopedic Research: Recent Studies And Their Translational Implications, George Li, Argyrios Stampas, Yoshihiro Komatsu, Xueqin Gao, Johnny Huard, Sheng Pan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Proteomics is a growing field that offers insights into various aspects of disease processes and therapy responses. Within the field of orthopedics, there are a variety of diseases that have a poor prognosis due to a lack of targeted curative therapy or disease modifying therapy. Other diseases have been difficult to manage in part due to lack of clinical biomarkers that offer meaningful insight into disease progression or severity. As an emerging technology, proteomics has been increasingly applied in studying bone biology and an assortment of orthopedics related diseases, such as osteoarthritis, osteosarcoma and bone tumors, osteoporosis, traumatic bone injury, …

Contributors To Faculty Wellness In An Academic Emergency Department Before And During The Pandemic: A Qualitative Study, Nicholas D. Hartman, Casey Glass, Manoj Pariyadath, Kathleen Hosmer, Meagan Hunt, Nicklaus Ashburn, Cedric Lefebvre

Journal of Wellness

Introduction: Burnout is well known as a prevalent hazard in emergency medicine (EM) careers, but the literature is less clear about what specific work-related factors actually contribute to wellness and burnout among academic EM faculty.

Objectives: 1) To explore themes and specific concerns that contribute to faculty wellness in an academic emergency department, in a qualitative fashion. 2) To determine whether these themes and concerns changed appreciably in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: EM faculty members at an academic institution were invited to participate in the study, including an on-line survey and a structured interview. Survey results were …

Chronic Recurrent Shoulder Instability Treated With A Hemiarthroplasty, Glenojet Allograft Glenoid Reconstruction, And Anterior Capsular Reconstruction: A Case Report., Matthew Glazier, Morgan Turnow, Peter Spencer, Vishvam Metha, Hunter Pharis, Nathaniel Long, Stephen Wiseman

Surgery Articles

No abstract provided.

Adult-Onset T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Lymphoma-Leukemia Presenting With Petechial Rash: A Case Report., Kelly Kimball, Vissy Elad, Edward J Hamad, Christopher Wasco

Oncology Articles

T-cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma-leukemia (T-ALL) is a rare neoplastic disease with presenting symptoms that are often non-specific. As such, accurate diagnosis requires high clinical suspicion and assessment of bone marrow aspirate with flow cytometry and morphology. While remission is achievable in most patients, the five-year survival rate is only 48% despite treatment. The standard chemotherapy regimen is referred to as hyper-CVAD, where CVAD stands for cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, Adriamycin (doxorubicin), methotrexate, and dexamethasone. In this study, we describe a 38-year-old female who presented with atraumatic abdominal bruising and a petechial rash on the upper and lower extremities. Imaging revealed a …

Adam Politzer (1835-1920): The Founder Of Clinical Otology., Emily S Cushing, Taylor L Selby, Meredith Lehoe

Medical Education Articles

Adam Politzer was a Hungarian surgeon and medical scientist, credited with describing the cochlear nucleus and otitis media, revolutionizing its treatment through his invention of "Politzerization." After receiving training from notable medical figures in Vienna and London, where he studied and trained as a surgeon respectively, he became Vienna's first professor of otology. In 1873, he established the first dedicated otology clinic in the world. His five-volume textbook, "Lehrbuch der Ohrenheilkunde," unified otologic knowledge in his time and remains a resource to this day. Politzer's contributions continue to influence modern otology, solidifying his legacy as a pioneering leader in medicine.

De-Escalation Of Disease-Modifying Therapy For People With Multiple Sclerosis Due To Safety Considerations: Characterizing 1-Year Outcomes In 25 People Who Switched From Ocrelizumab To Diroximel Fumarate., Mark Gudesblatt, Barbara Bumstead, Marijean Buhse, Myassar Zarif, Sarah A Morrow, Jacqueline A Nicholas, Laura M Hancock, Jeffrey Wilken, Joanna Weller, Nicole Scott, Anne Gocke, James B Lewin, Olivia Kaczmarek, Jason P Mendoza, Daniel Golan

Neuroscience Articles

INTRODUCTION: Switching disease-modifying therapy (DMT) may be considered for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) if a patient's current therapy is no longer optimal. This was particularly important during the recent COVID-19 pandemic because of considerations around immune deficiency and impaired vaccine response associated with B cell-depleting DMTs. This real-world, single-center study aimed to evaluate change or decline in functional ability and overall disease stability in people with RRMS who were switched from B cell-depleting ocrelizumab (OCRE) to diroximel fumarate (DRF) because of safety concern related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS: Adults with RRMS were included if they had been clinically stable …

Global Management Of Serious Bacterial Infections In Young Infants Aged 0 To 59 Days: An Overview Of Systematic Reviews, Karen M. Edmond, Georgia R. Whisson, Derek C. Swe, Natalie A. Strobel

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

BACKGROUND: To inform World Health Organization guidelines for the management of serious bacterial infection (SBI) (suspected or confirmed sepsis, pneumonia, or meningitis) in infants aged 0–59 days. OBJECTIVE: To conduct an “overview of systematic reviews” to: (1) understand which systematic reviews have examined diagnosis and management of SBI in infants aged 0–59 days in the last 5 years; and (2) assess if the reviews examined PICOs (population, intervention, comparator, outcomes) and regimens currently being recommended in low and middle income countries (LMICs) by the World Health Organization. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE; Embase; Cochrane Library; Epistemonikos; PROSPERO. STUDY SELECTION: Systematic reviews of …

Covering The Care: Most Prevalent Health Conditions And Their Associated Costs Among Nh’S Insured Population – Behavioral Health And Cardiovascular Disease Top The List, Bethany Swanson, Erica Plante, Deborah Fournier

Faculty Publications

This data brief presents an analysis of available claims data from New Hampshire’s commercial, Medicaid, and Medicare insured populations. Specifically, the study identifies the top ten most prevalent health conditions, the cost of treatment for those conditions, and the overall medical cost for those with one of the identified conditions. The analysis is based on the most recent calendar year of available claims data (January – December 2022).

Muscle Mitochondrial Function Is Impaired In Adults With Type 1 Diabetes, Daniel Gottlieb, Layla A Abushamat, Kristen J Nadeau, Judith G Regensteiner, Jane E B Reusch, Kalie L Tommerdahl, John Rice, Leslie A Knaub, Cynthia M F Monaco, Thomas J Hawke, Christopher G R Perry, Melanie G Cree, Irene E Schauer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Aims: Type 1 diabetes has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the mechanism of this dysfunction in adults remains unclear.

Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using data from several clinical trials measuring in-vivo and ex-vivo mitochondrial function in adults with type 1 diabetes (n = 34, age 38.8 ± 14.6 years) and similarly aged controls (n = 59, age 44.6 ± 13.9 years). In-vivo mitochondrial function was assessed before, during, and after isometric exercise with 31phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy. High resolution respirometry of vastus lateralis muscle tissue was used to assess ex-vivo measures.

Results: In-vivo data showed higher rates …

Global, Regional, And National Burden Of Gout, 1990–2020, And Projections To 2050: A Systematic Analysis Of The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2021, Gbd 2021 Gout Collaborators, Ali Artaman

All Works

Background: Gout is an inflammatory arthritis manifesting as acute episodes of severe joint pain and swelling, which can progress to chronic tophaceous or chronic erosive gout, or both. Here, we present the most up-to-date global, regional, and national estimates for prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) due to gout by sex, age, and location from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, as well as forecasted prevalence to 2050. Methods: Gout prevalence and YLDs from 1990 to 2020 were estimated by drawing on population-based data from 35 countries and claims data from the USA …

Aging-Associated Metabolite Methylmalonic Acid Increases Susceptibility To Pulmonary Fibrosis, Kai Xu, Linke Ding, Wenwen Li, Yaxuan Wang, Shuaichen Ma, Hui Lian, Xiaoyue Pan, Ruyan Wan, Weiming Zhao, Juntang Yang, Ivan Rosas, Lan Wang, Guoying Yu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by pulmonary fibroblast overactivation, resulting in the accumulation of abnormal extracellular matrix and lung parenchymal damage. Although the pathogenesis of IPF remains unclear, aging was proposed as the most prominent nongenetic risk factor. Propionate metabolism undergoes reprogramming in the aging population, leading to the accumulation of the by-product methylmalonic acid (MMA). This study aimed to explore alterations in propionate metabolism in IPF and the impact of the by-product MMA on pulmonary fibrosis. It revealed alterations in the expression of enzymes involved in propionate metabolism within IPF lung tissues, characterized …

Factors Associated With Failed Closed Reduction In Flexion And Gartland Type Iii Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures, Pablo Coello, Nathaniel Grey Loyd, David A Hsiou, Rachel S Silverstein, Scott B Rosenfeld

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Most displaced supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHFs) are treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. While there are only a few possible indications for converting to an open reduction, a failed closed reduction is a common cause. This study aims to elucidate possible risk factors for failed closed reductions of SCHF.

Methods: A retrospective review of SCHF from 2010 to 2020 at a pediatric tertiary medical center, which underwent operative fixation, was conducted. Exclusion criteria were open fractures and reasons for open reduction other than failed closed reduction. Rates of open reduction were assessed by preoperative fracture classification and assessed …

Poly (Adp-Ribose) Polymerase-1 (Parp1) Expression In The Frontal Cortex And Hippocampus In Major Depressive Disorder (Mdd) And Suicide, Ramona Faith Fulkerson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a prevalent psychiatric disorder that has a complex pathophysiology. In this study we evaluate the expression of PARP1 and the downstream alarmin protein high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in two brain areas that have demonstrated pathology in MDD. MDD donors were compared to controls. MDD subgroups that died by suicide were also compared to those that did not die by suicide. Immunoblotting to determine PARP1 and HMGB1 protein expression was performed in white and grey matter from the frontal cortex and the hippocampus. In BA10 white and grey matter, PARP1 protein expression was significantly …

Fathers In The United States Are Getting Older, Larry I Lipshultz, Blair T Stocks

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Frailty On Outcomes And Readmissions After Transcatheter And Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement In A National Cohort, Travis J Miles, Christopher T Ryan, Katie J Hogan, Bhavesh S Sayal, Christopher B Sylvester, Todd K Rosengart, Joseph S Coselli, Marc R Moon, Ravi K Ghanta, Subhasis Chatterjee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: We examined the effect of frailty on in-hospital mortality, readmission rates, and hospitalization costs after transcatheter and surgical aortic valve replacement in a population-level cohort.

METHODS: The Nationwide Readmissions Database was queried for patients who underwent transcatheter or surgical aortic valve replacement during 2016-2018. Multivariate logistic regression was used to discern independent effects of frailty on outcomes. Kaplan-Meier time-to-event analysis was used to evaluate the effect of frailty on freedom from readmission.

RESULTS: A total of 243,619 patients underwent aortic valve replacement: 142,786 (58.6%) transcatheter aortic valve replacements and 100,833 (41.4%) surgical aortic valve replacements. Frail patients constituted 16,388 …

A Retrospective Comparison Between Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm (Aaa) And Acuros Xb (Axb) Calculation Algorithms Concerning The Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Radiation Dose In Left Breast Cancer Patients Utilizing Deep Inspiration Breath Hold, Melissa Wilkinson

Masters Projects

Abstract

Background: Minimizing radiation exposure to the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) is crucial during left-sided breast cancer radiation therapy to prevent cardiac complications. Dose calculation algorithms can significantly impact the estimated LAD dose. This study investigates the differences between the Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA) and Acuros XB (AXB) algorithms in LAD dose calculations.

Methods: Thirty patients treated with radiation therapy after breast-conserving surgery were included. Dosimetric data for LAD, including mean and maximum dose, was calculated using AAA and AXB algorithms. The results were compared using statistical analysis.

Results: Statistically significant reductions in mean LAD dose were observed …

“It Is Like A Curse”. The Lived Experiences Of The Intersection Of Intergenerational Violence, Pregnancy, And Intimate Partner Violence Among Urban Wisconsin Indigenous Women, Jeneile Luebke, Nicole Thomas, Yamikani B. Nkhoma, Angela R. Fernandez, Kaylen M. Moore, Alexa A. Lopez, Lucy Mkandawire-Valhmu

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a significant public health concern that disproportionately impacts Indigenous American women more than any other ethnic/racial group in the United States.

Purpose

This study aims to inform the work of nurses and allied health professionals by providing insight into the lived realities of Indigenous women in urban areas and how IPV manifests in the lives of Indigenous women.

Methods

Postcolonial and Indigenous feminist frameworks informed this qualitative study. Using thematic analysis, we analyzed data from semi-structured individual interviews with 34 Indigenous women in large urban areas in the upper Midwest.

Findings

This manuscript discusses …

Infant Anaphylaxis And Epinephrine Use: Can We Improve Acute Management?, Aikaterini Anagnostou, Matthew Greenhawt, S Shahzad Mustafa, Jay A Lieberman, Marcus Shaker

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Anaphylaxis is a serious systemic hypersensitivity reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death.

Methods: The true prevalence of infant anaphylaxis is unknown, but such cases may be increasing in presentation of these patients to emergency departments, with studies that evaluate health-care utilization after implementation of early introduction guidelines that report an increase in the use of emergency department for food-related visits as well as an increase in epinephrine prescriptions for infants.

Results: Reasons for these increases may include early food introduction as well as therapeutic interventions such as early life or preschool oral immunotherapy.

Conclusion: Infant …

Cerebellar Functions Beyond Movement And Learning, Linda H Kim, Detlef H Heck, Roy V Sillitoe

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

The cerebellum has a well-established role in controlling motor functions, including coordination, posture, and the learning of skilled movements. The mechanisms for how it carries out motor behavior remain under intense investigation. Interestingly though, in recent years the mechanisms of cerebellar function have faced additional scrutiny since nonmotor behaviors may also be controlled by the cerebellum. With such complexity arising, there is now a pressing need to better understand how cerebellar structure, function, and behavior intersect to influence behaviors that are dynamically called upon as an animal experiences its environment. Here, we discuss recent experimental work that frames possible neural …

Cortical And Subjective Measures Of Individual Noise Tolerance Predict Hearing Outcomes With Varying Noise Reduction Strength, Subong Kim, Susan Arzac, Natalie Dokic, Jenn Donnelly, Nicole Genser, Kristen Nortwich, Alexis Rooney

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Noise reduction (NR) algorithms are employed in nearly all commercially available hearing aids to attenuate background noise. However, NR processing also involves undesirable speech distortions, leading to variability in hearing outcomes among individuals with different noise tolerance. Leveraging 30 participants with normal hearing engaged in speech-in-noise tasks, the present study examined whether the cortical measure of neural signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)—the amplitude ratio of auditory evoked responses to target speech onset and noise onset—could predict individual variability in NR outcomes with varying strength, thus serving as a reliable indicator of individual noise tolerance. In addition, we also measured subjective ratings of …

Influence Of Stimulation Frequency On Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor And Cathepsin-B Production In Healthy Young Adults, Yuichi Nishikawa, Hiroyuki Sakaguchi, Tatsuya Takada, Noriaki Maeda, Allison S. Hyngstrom

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) has been shown to stimulate the production of myokines (i.e., brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)), but the most effective EMS parameters for myokine production have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to quantify the optimal EMS frequency for stimulating myokine production. This study included sixteen young adults (male, n = 13, age = 27.3 ± 5.5 years). Participants underwent four EMS interventions (20 min each) with the following conditions: (1) 4 Hz, (2) 20 Hz, (3) 80 Hz, and (4) control (no intervention). Blood samples were obtained before and immediately after EMS. For …

Expanding A Behavioral View On Digital Health Access: Drivers And Strategies To Promote Equity, Maura M Kepper, Lauren A Fowler, Isabelle S Kusters, Jean W Davis, Manal Baqer, Sara Sagui-Henson, Yunyu Xiao, Adati Tarfa, Jean C Yi, Bryan Gibson, Kristin E Heron, Nicole M Alberts, Marissa Burgermaster, Veronica Ps Njie-Carr, Lisa M Klesges

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

The potential and threat of digital tools to achieve health equity has been highlighted for over a decade, but the success of achieving equitable access to health technologies remains challenging. Our paper addresses renewed concerns regarding equity in digital health access that were deepened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our viewpoint is that (1) digital health tools have the potential to improve health equity if equitable access is achieved, and (2) improving access and equity in digital health can be strengthened by considering behavioral science-based strategies embedded in all phases of tool development. Using behavioral, equity, and access frameworks allowed for …

Electrochemical Properties Of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Endodontic Instruments, Vidyalakshmi Subramanian, Howard W. Roberts, Shengtong Han, Stephanie J. Sidow, David W. Berzins

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction

Nickel-titanium rotary endodontic files have been commercially available for decades, but more recent innovations have introduced heat-treated and surface-treated files. This study investigated the corrosion properties of various nickel-titanium files in normal saline and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl).

Methods

Ten different file brands of size 40 with a 0.04 taper were subjected to electrochemical testing in 0.9% NaCl (saline) and 5.25% NaOCl at room temperature. The Open Circuit Potential (OCP) was observed for 1 hour followed by a cyclic polarization test from −300 to 700 mV and back to −300 mV (vs OCP). Nonparametric ANOVA and a pairwise comparison ( …

Synaptic Fidelity For Drug Development: Is It Time To Move Beyond Glutamate Release And Receptors?, Chadi G Abdallah, Amanda J F Tamman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

A Scoping Review Of The Role Of Policy In Mitigating Childhood Obesity In Underserved Populations Using The Re-Aim Framework, Bonnie Gance-Cleveland, Marilyn Frenn, Nancy T. Browne, Cindy Smith Greenberg, Julia A. Snethen, Eric A. Hodges, Alissa Fial, Leigh Small, Sharon Y. Irving

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Childhood obesity is an escalating crisis in the United States. Health policy may impact this epidemic which disproportionally affects underserved populations.

Aim

The aim was to use the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to assess health policy impact on preventing or treating school-aged children (5 > 18 years) with obesity in underserved populations.

Methods

A scoping review of 842 articles was conducted. Twenty-four articles met the inclusion criteria and underwent data extraction.

Results

Twelve studies included subgroup analysis, with four suggesting an impact of policy on at-risk groups. None of the 24 studies fully applied the RE-AIM …

Exploring Psychology Graduate Students’ Desire And Ability To Discuss Their Personal Trauma History With Clinical Supervisors, Madeleine Lane

Dissertations

Inspired by the archetype of the “wounded healer,” described by Carl Jung as a psychologist who enters the field with psychological wounds of their own, and the prevalence of such wounded healers in the mental health field today, this study aimed to explore clinical psychology doctoral students’ experiences of self-disclosure of their personal trauma history, a specific type of psychological wound, in clinical supervision. The goal was to explore whether and how students’ trauma history is discussed in clinical supervision; the importance of such discussions for students’ professional and personal development; and the impact of having or not having …

Mechanisms Of Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Of Topiramate, John W Steele, Vaishnav Krishnan, Richard H Finnell

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Prescriptions for antiseizure medications (ASMs) have been rapidly growing over the last several decades due, in part, to an expanding list of clinical indications for which they are now prescribed. This trend has raised concern for potential adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in ASM-exposed pregnancies. Recent large scale population studies have suggested that the use of topiramate (TOPAMAX, Janssen-Cilag), when prescribed for seizure control, migraines, and/or weight management, is associated with an increased risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in exposed offspring. Here, we critically review epidemiologic evidence demonstrating the neurobehavioral teratogenicity of topiramate and speculate …

08-08-24 Hsc Committee Meeting Agenda, Helen Maestass

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

Agenda for August 8, 2024, Board of Regents Health Sciences Center Committee Meeting

Immune-Mediated Myositis Following Gene Therapy For Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Case Report, Susan T Iannaccone, Chunyu Cai, Brittney Rhem, Kaitlin Batley, Veena Rajaram, Benjamin M Greenberg, Sachi Dharia, Craig M Zaidman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Overall Survival In Patients With Endometrial Cancer Treated With Dostarlimab Plus Carboplatin-Paclitaxel In The Randomized Engot-En6/Gog-3031/Ruby Trial, M A Powell, C Mccourt, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Part 1 of the RUBY trial (NCT03981796) evaluated dostarlimab plus carboplatin-paclitaxel compared with placebo plus carboplatin-paclitaxel in patients with primary advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer (EC). At the first interim analysis, the trial met one of its dual primary endpoints with statistically significant progression-free survival benefits in the mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) and overall populations. Overall survival (OS) results are reported from the second interim analysis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: RUBY is a phase III, global, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Part 1 of RUBY enrolled eligible patients with primary advanced stage III or IV or first recurrent EC who were …