Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Rates Of Reporting And Analyzing Race And Ethnicity In Athlete-Specific Sports Medicine Research: A Systematic Review, John H. Sonnier, Carlo Coladonato, Irfan A. Khan, Gregory Connors, Ryan W. Paul, Anya T. Hall, Emma E. Johnson, Meghan E. Bishop, Fotios P. Tjoumakaris, Kevin B. Freedman

Rothman Institute Papers

BACKGROUND: Race- and ethnicity-based differences in treatment access and outcomes have been reported in the orthopaedic sports medicine literature. However, the rate at which race and ethnicity are reported and incorporated into the statistical analysis of sports medicine studies remains unclear.

PURPOSE: To determine the rate at which race and ethnicity are reported and analyzed in athlete-specific sports medicine literature.

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

METHODS: Using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, articles published by the 3 journals of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine between 2017 and 2021 were considered …

Conceptual Considerations For Understanding Resilience In Healthcare Students, Claire Donnellan, Deepthi Chakkittakandy, Christina Lydon

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aims: Increasing attention has been given to the concept resilience in the context of healthcare especially during and post the COVID pandemic. Much of the inquiry and evidence reported has focused on promoting or enhancing resilience in healthcare for improving the quality of care and reducing medical negligence. This discursive paper aims to highlight how resilience is conceptualised and identify any potential limitations or gaps in the context of healthcare students, acknowledging considerations for further development and research into this topic. Design and Methods: This discursive discussion draws on relevant theoretical underpinnings from the fields of adjustment and coping psychology, …

Effect Of A Potent Nitrogenous Bisphosphonate On Cell Viability In Diabetic Conditions: An In Vitro Study On Human Fibroblasts And Pre-Osteoblasts, Denae Cantu, Bryan Liu, Deborah Rocha Seixas, Claudia Biguetti

School of Podiatric Medicine - Student Research

Introduction Zoledronate (Zol) is a nitrogenous bisphosphonate (nBP) used to treat osteoporosis, bone metastases, and Charcot foot. Despite its efficacy in preventing fractures, concerns exist about its side effects on mesenchyme-origin cells and impaired wound healing. We hypothesize that Zol may impair the responses of human fibroblasts (hF) and pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3), potentially compromising tissue healing in the lower extremities of patients with diabetes.

Methodology: MC3T3 cells and hF were cultured in 96-well plates at a density of 2.5 x 10³ cells for 48 and 72 hours, respectively. Cells were subjected to normal glucose, high glucose, and high oxidative stress conditions …

Skin Safety Duo: Partnered Assessments For Pressure Injury Prevention, Ana Soto Barrios, Katie Winn, Ceila Hernandez

2023

No abstract provided.

In Pediatric Er Nurses, How Does A Visual Reminder In Epic Impact Pain Reassessment?, Addison Davis, Carleigh Carleigh, Francisco Cortez, Trinity Bell, Vanda Mcadoo

2023

No abstract provided.

Electronic Documentation: Need To Standardize “Charting By Exception”, Michel’La Adams, Rochelle Henderson, Toi James, Jasmine Ramirez, Elijah Rodriguez

2023

No abstract provided.

We Care About What You Think! Optimizing Patient-Family Satisfaction Throughout The Heart Center, Alex Corkill, Evan Enos, Lisa Martina, Brett Roffine, Mya Thomas, Camryn Toney

2023

No abstract provided.

Best Practice Recommendations To Reduce Accidental G-Button/Tube Dislodgements, Julia Reyes, Lissa Galvan, Nicholas Poulides, Pinki Gracy, Prekshya Gautam

2023

No abstract provided.

All About Comfort!, Carlee Hoover, Katherine Jaseckas, Shelby Little

2023

No abstract provided.

Walk A Mile In Our Shoes: Bridging The Gap Between The Er And Inpatient Nursing Feedback Given, Payton Cope, Yaritza Rios, Veronica Cuffaro, Reagan Swindall, Jasmine Cabrera

2023

No abstract provided.

Blood Draws Through A Piv In The Icu, Maribel Molina, Melissa Barrett, Kaitlyn Cavanagh

2023

No abstract provided.

Predicting Access Barriers And Facilitators To Pediatric Specialty Care Among Children With Complex Chronic Conditions, Elisabeth Vestal

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Children with complex chronic conditions (CCC) face healthcare inequities when accessing pediatric specialty care. Social or economic barriers may exacerbate the challenges faced by families with a child/children with CCC and include increased geographical distance to specialty services, familial poverty, inadequate neighborhood resources, and food insecurity. Understanding how social and economic factors may impact equitable access to care are essential in improving health outcomes for children with CCC. The first manuscript in this compendium is an integrative review focused on the barriers and facilitators of accessing pediatric specialty care for rural dwelling children with CCC. The second manuscript presents a …

The Hunger Vital Sign Alone Misses Patients Who Are Not Food Secure, Avry Logeman, Susan Evans, Jenenne Geske

Posters and Presentations: Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Extraordinary Variance In Meta-Analysis Of Venom Toxicity Of 160 Most Lethal Ophidians And Guidelines For Estimating Human Lethal Dose Range, Brian P. Hanley, Gustavo Gross

School of Medicine Publications

Background: This is the first meta-analysis to characterize intra-ophidian-species variation in whole venom. Being the largest possible meta-analysis at this time, it encompasses all known records of animal lethality studies over the past 100 years. These results were not artifacts of resistant test-animal species and showed orders of magnitude beyond the 1.6 logs (40-fold change) range of lethal dose documented in the literature between amphibians, lizards, and mice.

Methods: A total of 1003 lethal dose study results for 160 of the most lethal venomous ophidian species in the world were analyzed.

Results: LDLo was not different from LD50 across studies, …

Venom Immunization: Igg/Ige Titers, Safety, Risk, And Methods Of The Viprbitem Cohort, Brian P. Hanley, Gustavo Gross

School of Medicine Publications

Background: This is the first study to examine a cohort that engages in the practice of immunization with snake venoms. In this practice, either fresh wet venom or venom reconstituted from freeze-dried form is used in vaccination protocols to produce hyper-immunity to venom.

Methods: This is a retrospective community-initiated collaborative research (CICR) project that collated the records of venom immunization. Records of schedules, formulations, photographs, medical records, and diaries were collated from existing practitioners and evaluated by inspection and interviews. One accidental bite was observed over 3 days, with vital signs, and photographic records of swelling taken to verify reality …

Behavioral Screening Reveals A Conserved Residue In Y-Box Rna-Binding Protein Required For Associative Learning And Memory In C Elegans, Ashley N Hayden, Katie L Brandel, Edward W Pietryk, Paul R Merlau, Priyadharshini Vijayakumar, Emily J Leptich, Elizabeth S Gaytan, Meredith I Williams, Connie W Ni, Hsiao-Tuan Chao, Jill A Rosenfeld, Rachel N Arey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate translation and plasticity which are required for memory. RBP dysfunction has been linked to a range of neurological disorders where cognitive impairments are a key symptom. However, of the 2,000 RBPs in the human genome, many are uncharacterized with regards to neurological phenotypes. To address this, we used the model organism C. elegans to assess the role of 20 conserved RBPs in memory. We identified eight previously uncharacterized memory regulators, three of which are in the C. elegans Y-Box (CEY) RBP family. Of these, we determined that cey-1 is the closest ortholog to the mammalian Y-Box …

A Method For Rapid And Reliable Quantification Of Vegf-Cell Binding Activity, Prabuddha Waduge, Avinash Kaur, Wei Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a pleiotropic growth factor that binds a broad spectrum of cell types and regulates diverse cellular processes, including angiogenesis, growth and survival. However, it is technically difficult to quantify VEGF-cell binding activity because of reversible nature of ligand-receptor interactions. Here we used T7 bacteriophage display to quantify and compare binding activity of three human VEGF-A (hVEGF) isoforms, including hVEGF111, 165 and 206. All three isoforms bound equally well to immobilized aflibercept, a decoy VEGF receptor. hVEGF111-Phage exhibited minimal binding to immobilized heparan sulfate, whereas hVEGF206-Phage and hVEGF165-Phage had the highest and intermediate binding to …

Neurological Foundations And Technological Interventions For Dyslexia: Advancements And Challenges, Piper Hutson, James Hutson

Faculty Scholarship

Dyslexia, a complex neurological condition affecting reading and language processing, is intricately tied to variations in brain structure and function. This article explores the neurological underpinnings of dyslexia, emphasizing phonological, visual, and attention-related impairments. Furthermore, the analysis highlights various types of dyslexia—phonological, surface, rapid automatized naming, and visual—while addressing their neurological correlations. It also investigates the relationship between dyslexia and other neurodivergent conditions, such as autism and ADHD, focusing on the neurological overlap and differences. To mitigate the challenges associated with dyslexia, advanced technologies such as virtual reality (VR) and eye-tracking are discussed for their diagnostic and intervention potential. These …

Multivalent Protein-Nucleic Acid Interactions Probed By Composition-Gradient Multiangle Light Scattering, Josephine C Ferreon, Natee Kongchan, Phoebe S Tsoi, Kyoung-Jae Choi, Sophia Kenrick, Joel Neilson, Allan Chris M Ferreon

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Many RNA-binding proteins, such as TDP-43 or CELF1, interact multivalently with nucleic acid repetitive elements. The molecular stoichiometry of protein to nucleic acid is often difficult to assess, particularly by standard electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs). Here, we investigate the use of composition-gradient multiangle light scattering (CG-MALS) for quantifying binding affinity and stoichiometry for two RNA-binding proteins with their nucleic acid partners of varied sequence and length: TDP43's N-terminal RNA recognition motifs with both TG/GU-repeat ssDNA and ssRNA, respectively, and CELF1's two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs with (TG/UGUU/GU) repeats and an experimentally defined cognate GU-rich element (GRE). Our CG-MALS data …

Mouse Corneal Immune Cell Heterogeneity Revealed By Single-Cell Rna Sequencing, Ebru Yaman, Nicole Heyer, Cintia S De Paiva, Mary Ann Stepp, Stephen C Pflugfelder, Jehan Alam

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: This study aimed to define the heterogeneity, spatial localization, and functional roles of immune cells in the mouse cornea using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and immunofluorescent staining.

METHODS: Enriched mouse corneal immune cells (C57BL/6 strain, age 16-20 weeks) underwent single-cell RNA sequencing library preparation, sequencing, and analysis with Seurat, Monocle 3, and CellChat packages in R. Pathway analysis used Qiagen Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. Immunostaining confirmed cell distribution.

RESULTS: We identified 14 distinct immune cell clusters (56% myeloid and 44% lymphoid). Myeloid populations included resident macrophages, conventional dendritic cells (cDC2s), Langerhans cells, neutrophils, monocytes, and mast cells. Additionally, lymphocyte …

Rotavirus Vaccine Effectiveness Against Severe Acute Gastroenteritis: 2009-2022, Alpha Oumar Diallo, Mary E Wikswo, Iddrisu Sulemana, Leila C Sahni, Julie A Boom, Sasirekha Ramani, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Mary E Moffatt, Christopher J Harrison, Natasha Halasa, James Chappell, Laura Stewart, Mary Allen Staat, Elizabeth Schlaudecker, Christina Quigley, Eileen J Klein, Janet A Englund, Danielle M Zerr, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Peter G Szilagyi, Christina Albertin, Samantha H Johnston, John V Williams, Marian G Michaels, Robert W Hickey, Aaron T Curns, Michelle Honeywood, Slavica Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Mathew D Esona, Michael D Bowen, Umesh D Parashar, Rashi Gautam, Sara A Mirza, Jacqueline E Tate

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Rotavirus was the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis among US children until vaccine introduction in 2006, after which, substantial declines in severe rotavirus disease occurred. We evaluated rotavirus vaccine effectiveness (VE) over 13 years (2009-2022).

Methods: We analyzed data from the New Vaccine Surveillance Network using a test-negative case-control design to estimate rotavirus VE against laboratory-confirmed rotavirus infections among children seeking care for acute gastroenteritis (≥3 diarrhea or ≥1 vomiting episodes within 24 hours) in the emergency department (ED) or hospital. Case-patients and control-patients were children whose stool specimens tested rotavirus positive or negative, respectively, by enzyme immunoassay or …

Horizontal Gene Transfer And Beyond: The Delivery Of Biological Matter By Bacterial Membrane Vesicles To Host And Bacterial Cells, Alice X Wen, Christophe Herman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Membrane vesicles (MVs) are produced in all domains of life. In eukaryotes, extracellular vesicles have been shown to mediate the horizontal transfer of biological material between cells [1]. Therefore, bacterial MVs are also thought to mediate horizontal material transfer to host cells and other bacteria, especially in the context of cell stress. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of bacterial MV production, evidence that their contents can be trafficked to host cells and other bacteria, and the biological relevance of horizontal material transfer by bacterial MVs.

Multifocal Retinocytoma Associated With Intronic Acceptor Splice Site Variants In The Rb1 Gene, Jennifer Li-Wang, Patricia Chévez-Barrios, Jessica S Thomas, Amy C Schefler

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Retinocytomas are benign tumors that arise from mutations in the RB1 gene. Previous research describes the appearance of retinocytomas as that of treated retinoblastoma (Rb) lesions, with characteristics such as chorioretinal atrophy, calcification, and a lack of necrosis or mitotic activity on histopathology. We present the unusual case of an asymptomatic seven-year-old girl with two independent translucent masses in the peripheral retina of the right eye (OD) and extensive intraretinal tumor and vitreous seeds. Initial fundus examination and B-scan ultrasonography documented the two lesions with extensive placoid intraretinal tumor, uncalcified vitreous seeds, and an area of large subhyaloid seed on …

Intimate Partner Violence-Related Brain Injury: Unmasking And Addressing The Gaps, Carrie Esopenko, Divya Jain, Shambhu Prasad Adhikari, Kristen Dams-O'Connor, Michael Ellis, Halina Lin Haag, Elizabeth S Hovenden, Finian Keleher, Inga K Koerte, Hannah M Lindsey, Amy D Marshall, Karen Mason, J Scott Mcnally, Deleene S Menefee, Tricia L Merkley, Emma N Read, Philine Rojcyk, Sandy R Shultz, Mujun Sun, Danielle Toccalino, Eve M Valera, Paul Van Donkelaar, Cheryl Wellington, Elisabeth A Wilde

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant, global public health concern. Women, individuals with historically underrepresented identities, and disabilities are at high risk for IPV and tend to experience severe injuries. There has been growing concern about the risk of exposure to IPV-related head trauma, resulting in IPV-related brain injury (IPV-BI), and its health consequences. Past work suggests that a significant proportion of women exposed to IPV experience IPV-BI, likely representing a distinct phenotype compared with BI of other etiologies. An IPV-BI often co-occurs with psychological trauma and mental health complaints, leading to unique issues related to identifying, prognosticating, and …

Circulating Blood Plasma Profiling Reveals Proteomic Signature And A Causal Role For Svep1 In Sudden Cardiac Death, Thuyvy Duong, Thomas R Austin, Jennifer A Brody, Ali Shojaie, Alexis Battle, Joel S Bader, Yun Soo Hong, Christie M Ballantyne, Josef Coresh, Robert E Gerszten, Russell P Tracy, Bruce M Psaty, Nona Sotoodehnia, Dan E Arking

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Patient-Provider Communication About Cigarette And E-Cigarette Use During Pregnancy: Adaptation And Validation Of Frequency And Quality Of Communication Measures Among A Sample Of Pregnant Patients, Emily M. Richardson, Eric Schisler, Page D. Dobbs

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction:
Quality of patient–provider communication regarding tobacco use may encourage cessation that could lead to improved health outcomes for mothers and children. However, currently there are no validated measures of frequency and quality of patient–provider communication about cigarettes and e-cigarettes. The objective of this study was to adapt and validate measures of frequency and quality of patient–provider communication about smoking and e-cigarette use among a sample of pregnant mothers who currently smoked.

Methods:
An online sample of US pregnant women who reported past 30-day smoking were recruited to complete a cross-sectional, online survey (n=267). An exploratory factor analysis examined the …

Effect Of A Behavioral Nudge On Adoption Of An Electronic Health Record-Agnostic Pulmonary Embolism Risk Prediction Tool: A Pilot Cluster Nonrandomized Controlled Trial, Safiya Richardson, Katherine L Dauber-Decker, Jeffrey Solomon, Pradeep Seelamneni, Sundas Khan, Douglas P Barnaby, John Chelico, Michael Qiu, Yan Liu, Shreya Sanghani, Stephanie M Izard, Codruta Chiuzan, Devin Mann, Renee Pekmezaris, Thomas Mcginn, Michael A Diefenbach

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a behavioral nudge on adoption of a clinical decision support (CDS) tool.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a pilot cluster nonrandomized controlled trial in 2 Emergency Departments (EDs) at a large academic healthcare system in the New York metropolitan area. We tested 2 versions of a CDS tool for pulmonary embolism (PE) risk assessment developed on a web-based electronic health record-agnostic platform. One version included behavioral nudges incorporated into the user interface.

RESULTS: A total of 1527 patient encounters were included in the trial. The CDS tool adoption …

Discordance Between Aptt And Anti-Xa In Monitoring Heparin Anticoagulation In Mechanical Circulatory Support, Song Li, Ang Li, Jennifer A Beckman, Christopher Kim, Marian A Granich, John Mondin, Daniel E Sabath, David A Garcia, Claudius Mahr

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

AIMS: It is unclear whether activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) or anti-Xa is more accurate for monitoring heparin anticoagulation in mechanical circulatory support (MCS) patients. This study investigates the relationship between aPTT and anti-Xa in MCS patients and identifies predictors of discordance.

METHODS AND RESULTS: aPTT and anti-Xa were simultaneously measured in a prospective cohort of MCS patients receiving unfractionated heparin at a tertiary academic medical centre. Therapeutic aPTT and anti-Xa levels were 60-100 s and 0.3-0.7 IU/mL, respectively, and concordance was defined as both levels being subtherapeutic, therapeutic, or supratherapeutic. To identify predictors of discordance, both a machine learning …

Psychological Distress Among Ethnically Diverse Participants From Eastern And Southern Africa, Kester B B Tindi, Allan Kalungi, Eugene Kinyanda, Bizu Gelaye, Alicia R Martin, Ronald Galiwango, Wilber Ssembajjwe, Fred Kirumira, Adele Pretorius, Anne Stevenson, Charles R J C Newton, Dan J Stein, Elizabeth G Atkinson, Emanuel K Mwesiga, Joseph Kyebuzibwa, Lori B Chibnik, Lukoye Atwoli, Mark Baker, Melkam Alemayehu, Rehema M Mwende, Rocky E Stroud, Solomon Teferra, Stella Gichuru, Symon M Kariuki, Zukiswa Zingela, Moffat Nyirenda, Segun Fatumo, Dickens H Akena

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: Psychological distress is characterized by anxiety and depressive symptoms. Although prior research has investigated the occurrence and factors associated with psychological distress in low- and middle-income countries, including those in Africa, these studies' findings are not very generalizable and have focused on different kinds of population groups.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and characteristics (sociodemographic, psychosocial, and clinical) associated with psychological distress among African participants.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This case-control study analyzed data of participants in the Neuropsychiatric Genetics in African Populations-Psychosis (NeuroGAP-Psychosis) study, which recruited from general outpatient clinics in Eastern (Uganda, Kenya, and Ethiopia) and Southern …

Integrated Safety And Efficacy Analyses Of Phase 3 Trials Of A Microbiome Therapeutic For Recurrent Cdi, Colleen S Kraft, Matthew Sims, Michael Silverman, Thomas J Louie, Paul Feuerstadt, Edward S Huang, Sahil Khanna, Charles S Berenson, Elaine E L Wang, Stuart H Cohen, Louis Korman, Christine Lee, Colleen R Kelly, Alberto Odio, Paul P Cook, Bret Lashner, Mayur Ramesh, Princy Kumar, Ananya De, Asli Memisoglu, David A Lombardi, Brooke R Hasson, Barbara H Mcgovern, Lisa Von Moltke, Darrell S Pardi, Ecospor Iii And Ecospor Iv Investigators

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) often occurs after standard-of-care antibiotics. VOWST oral spores (VOS, previously SER-109), an FDA-approved orally administered microbiome therapeutic, is indicated to prevent rCDI following antibiotics for rCDI.

OBJECTIVE, DESIGN, AND PATIENTS: To evaluate safety and efficacy of VOS from two phase 3 trials, (randomized, placebo-controlled [ECOSPOR III: NCT03183128] and open-label, single arm [ECOSPOR IV: NCT03183141]) of 349 adults with rCDI and prevalent comorbidities.

METHODS: VOS or placebo [ECOSPOR III only] (4 capsules once daily for 3 days). Integrated analysis of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) collected through week 8; serious TEAEs and TEAEs of special interest …