Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

“I Didn't Want Them To Feel Like I Was Fragile”: A Qualitative Analysis Of Disability, Intimacy, And Sexual Culture At Yale, Mafalda Von Alvensleben

Public Health Theses

This thesis examines how Yale as an educational institutional shapes disabled students’ sexual and romantic lives. It explores the ways in which the institution's policies, culture, and physical environments influence these experiences via a qualitative and landscape analysis. The analysis was based off nine semi-structured interviews with students who self-identified as disabled from both undergraduate and graduate programs, as well as a landscape analysis that incorporates formal, journalistic style interviews with eleven Yale faculty, staff, and administrators. Taken together, this study illuminates the challenges posed by systemic ableism within the university's academic and social frameworks. It highlights the inadequacies of …

Determining Effective Treatment Regimens For Breast Cancer Using Combined Immunotherapy And Chemotherapy In Vivo, Akhila Kunuthuru

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

Breast cancer has the highest incidence rate of all cancers globally in women, and those of African descent, especially West African females, face higher rates of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a more aggressive form of breast cancer. Immunotherapy for breast cancer is a relatively new treatment option, and research is ongoing to identify the best combination treatments for increasing survival of those diagnosed with TNBC. Eganelisib (IPI-549: a PI3K-gamma inhibitor that works to shift M2 macrophages to M1 to augment T cell function) with other combinatory treatments has shown promising results in reducing tumor growth and increasing survival in mice. …

Solutions To Period Poverty In The United States, Sanya Surya

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

Many women around the world lack access to menstrual hygiene products and hygienic, private sanitation facilities: an issue commonly known as “period poverty”. Women who experience this phenomenon often resort to unhealthy alternatives, putting them at higher risk for infections. Period poverty also causes many women to miss significant amounts of school and/or work, resulting in school drop-outs and adverse career outcomes. Menstrual inequities have recently come under greater study in low- to middle-income countries, but evidence suggests that women in the United States are adversely affected by period poverty as well. With this in mind, I set out to …

Covid-19 Pandemic’S Effect On Occupational Therapy Students’ Time-Use And Occupational Engagement On Returning To In-Person Learning, Jhannell Hannah D. Ocampo, Susan Macdermott, Karen Mccarthy

Occupational Therapy | Faculty Scholarship

The COVID-19 pandemic emotionally and physically impacted students in occupational therapy and occupational therapy assistant programs. College students lost autonomy and access to meaningful occupations and environments. As students returned to campus, they struggled to navigate and adapt to in-person occupations and how they use their time. This study uses a mixed method descriptive research design to understand how the pandemic affected occupational therapy students' time-use and occupational engagement during the transition to in-person learning. Seventy-three students completed an online survey, while 12 of those students additionally participated in a follow-up time-use diary and interview. Eighty-three percent of the participants …

Informing A Care Plan For Hepatitis C Treatment On The Street, Claire Campbell

Scripps Senior Theses

This thesis aims to use community knowledge to inform clinical street treatment of Hepatitis C and to unpack the intersections of social systems within the realms of Street Medicine and healthcare for the unsheltered unhoused population. During the summer of 2023, 15 qualitative interviews were conducted with patients of the USC Keck School of Medicine Department of Street Medicine who received treatment for Hepatitis C infections. Using grounded theory analysis, participant responses were analyzed to identify key concepts and ideas from interview transcripts. Core themes fell into the following categories: how treatment affected patients’ lives, facilitators and barriers to treatment, …

Hamstring And Quadriceps Activation During Single Leg Hopping At Varying Frequencies: Electromyography Analysis, Jemma Bosselman

Scripps Senior Theses

Identification of knee motor control strategy is salient both for biomechanical understanding of the lower limb and for medical applications. Integral to knee function are the quadriceps and hamstring, an antagonistic muscle pair. Sub-optimal relative activation of the pair can increase injury potential. Muscle activation patterns are largely activity specific, necessitating muscle control research across various tasks. Single leg hopping has been sparsely studied, particularly for muscle activation in relation to hopping frequency. This project thus aimed to determine the effect of single leg hopping frequency on quadriceps and hamstring activation using surface electromyography (EMG), with the vastus lateralis (VL) …

Scholarship Of Teaching And Learning In Communication Sciences And Disorders: Past, Present, And Future, Sarah M. Ginsberg, Colleen F. Visconti, Jennifer C. Friberg

Books - Communication Sciences and Disorders

No abstract provided.

The Efficacy Of Botulinum Toxin Use In Service Members And Veterans With Migraine And Post-Traumatic Headache Disorders: A Scoping Review, Qing Zhao Ruan, Daniel J Pak, David E Reece, Rohan Jotwani, Sean Li, Moises Dominguez, Alan David Kaye, R Jason Yong, Abdulrazaq Albilali, Sadiq Bhayani, Jamal Hasoon, Michael E Schatman, Jun Beom Ku, Thomas T Simopoulos, Sait Ashina, Christopher L Robinson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To delineate the trend of use of botulinum toxin, including onabotulinum toxinA (OTA), in active military personnel and veterans with the diagnoses of migraine and post-traumatic headache (PTH) and describe the efficacy of botulinum toxin administration.

Background: Service members and veterans represent a unique population in the medical management of headache disorders, particularly migraine. They exhibit higher susceptibility to pain of greater intensity and longer durations, possibly due to their history of exposure to combat, trauma, and the associated psychological stresses. Given the burden and morbid nature of these headache disorders, prophylactic measures to reduce migraine attacks and disability …

Phase 1 Trial Of Tpi 287, A Microtubule Stabilizing Agent, In Combination With Bevacizumab In Adults With Recurrent Glioblastoma, Samuel A Goldlust, Louis B Nabors, Sigmund Hsu, Nimish Mohile, Paul J Duic, Tara Benkers, Samuel Singer, Mayank Rao, Lori Cappello, Sandra L Silberman, George Farmer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) has limited treatment options. This phase 1 protocol was designed to study the safety and preliminary efficacy of TPI 287, a central nervous system penetrant microtubule stabilizer, in combination with bevacizumab (BEV) for the treatment of rGBM.

METHODS: GBM patients with up to 2 prior relapses without prior exposure to anti-angiogenic therapy were eligible. A standard 3 + 3 design was utilized to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of TPI 287. Cohorts received TPI 287 at 140-220 mg/m

RESULTS: Twenty-four patients were enrolled at 6 centers. Treatment was generally well tolerated. Fatigue, myelosuppression, and peripheral …

Alternatives To The Squad Car: A Strategy Providing Hope For People With Mental Illness, Judy Ann Clausen, Joanmarie I. Davoli

UF Law Faculty Publications

Frontline healthcare providers and first responders have had enough of mental health care policy rooted in ideology and utopian visions instead of the practical realities of the nature of Serious Mental Illnesses (SMI). The current system of a severe shortage of mental health beds and strict criteria for administering mental health treatment in contravention of illness-induced treatment refusals has caused the real-world preventable tragedies of mass shootings, incarceration, homelessness, victimization, and death of people suffering from untreated SMI. Innovative programs and long-established protocols have been profiled by the media and examined by scholars. Momentum is brewing. Across the country, creative …

Cardiometabolic Genomics And Pharmacogenomics In Filipino Americans: A Cross-Sectional Study, Khalifa Y. Alrajeh

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Heart disease remains a leading cause of death in the country, with significant ethnic disparities. Filipino Americans (FAs), the third-largest Asian subgroup in U.S., face an elevated burden of dyslipidemia, a primary modifiable risk factor for heart disease. Objectives: This community-based study addresses critical knowledge gaps by characterizing the cardiometabolic and genetic factors contributing to dyslipidemia among FAs and implications for personalized cardiovascular drug therapies, particularly statin pharmacogenomics (PGx). Methods: We characterized dyslipidemia prevalence in FAs and major ethnic subgroups using nationally representative NHANES data. We examined associations between uric acid (UA) levels and lipid profiles, …

Elucidating The Role Of Fatty Acid Synthase In Apc-Driven Colorectal Cancer, Courtney O. Kelson

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths. Currently, there is a growing incidence rate for individuals aged 20-49 years. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to the risk of this cancer. Early detection of CRC allows for the most effective treatment option in which surgical resection of the primary tumor occurs along with adjuvant chemotherapy. This therapeutic approach contributes to 5-year survival rate of 91%. However, surgical procedures and chemotherapy struggles against metastatic and relapsed CRC resulting in 5-year survival rate of 14%. Inefficacious treatments for relapsed and metastatic diseases emphasizes the need for more …

Developmental Change In English-Learning Children’S Interpretations Of Salient Pitch Contours In Word Learning, Carolyn M. Quam, Daniel Swingley

Speech and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

To efficiently recognize words, children learning an intonational language like English should avoid interpreting pitch-contour variation as signaling lexical contrast, despite the relevance of pitch at other levels of structure. Thus far, the developmental time-course with which English-learning children rule out pitch as a contrastive feature has been incompletely characterized. Prior studies have tested diverse lexical contrasts and have not tested beyond 30 months. To specify the developmental trajectory over a broader age range, we extended a prior study (Quam & Swingley, 2010), in which 30-month-olds and adults disregarded pitch changes, but attended to vowel changes, in newly learned words. …

The Impact Of Occlusal Splint Therapy And Vitamin D On The Management Of Temporomandibular Disorders, Mostafa S. Swedan, Magdy Mohamed Zaky Hussein, Sherin Fathy Donia, Mohamed Tarek Hussein Khater

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Vitamin D supplementation as an adjuvant therapy for stabilization splint in patients exhibiting temporomandibular disorders (TMD).

Materials and Methods: This study involved 100 TMD divided into two equal groups each of 50 patients; group 1: treated by occlusal splint plus vit D and group 2: treated by vitamin D only. All patients in adult age, more than 18 years. All patients were accepted without regard to their financial situation, caste, gender, or religion. Less than 30 ng/mL of vitamin D was present, the teeth were either completely dentate or had …

Intergenerational Ties, Sexual Orientation, And Health And Well-Being Of Sexual Minority Adult Children, Beenna Han

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The three studies in this doctoral dissertation explored overarching themes related to intergenerational relationships, health, and well-being of sexual minority adult children, using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). The studies have shared but distinctive focal points, including various dimensions of intergenerational relationships, specific subsets of data sources, and methodologies. The first study used two latent growth curve models to examine how intergenerational relationships between adult children and their older parents evolve over time, specifically focusing on the emotional closeness gap between sexual minority and heterosexual adult children. The results showed that sexual …

A Validation Study Of The Occupational Depression Inventory In Poland And Ukraine, Krystyna Golonka, Karine O. Malysheva, Dominika Fortuna, Bożena Gulla, Serhii Lytvyn, Leon T. De Beer, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Renzo Bianchi

Publications and Research

This study examined the psychometric and structural properties of the Polish and Ukrainian versions of the Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI). We relied on two samples of Polish employees (NSample1 = 526, 47% female; NSample2 = 164, 64% female) and one sample of Ukrainian employees (NSample3 = 372, 73% female). In all samples, the ODI exhibited essential unidimensionality and high total-score reliability (e.g., McDonald’s omegas > 0.90). The homogeneity of the scale was strong (e.g., 0.59 ≤ scale-level Hs ≤ 0.68). The ODI’s total scores thus accurately ranked individuals on a latent occupational depression continuum. We found evidence of complete measurement invariance …

Infographic: Equity Opportunities: Race And Ethnicity: Need For Dental Care Among Third Grade Students In North Dakota, Shawnda Schroeder

Indigenous Health Faculty Publications

Third grade students who are American Indian or Black/African American have a significantly higher need for early or urgent dental care than those who are non-Hispanic white. Those who are American Indian or Hispanic/Latinx have a significantly higher rate of rampant decay than those who are non-Hispanic white.

Understanding The Mechanism Of Ferroptosis Susceptibility Variation In Colorectal Cancer, Aziza Alshahrani

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite the use of chemotherapeutic agents, CRCs remains to be difficult to cure at least partially due to their intrinsic and/or acquired resistance to cell death inducers. Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that caused by the accumulation of lipid peroxides. Studies have shown that dysregulation of ferroptotic pathways is associated with the development of resistance to various cancer treatment. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is a known target for inducing ferroptosis due to its critical role in detoxifying lipid hydroperoxides, and ferroptosis suppressor protein (FSP1) also …

Creating Smiles With Digital Workflow And Matrix Transfer Technique In Customizing Personality-Based Smile Designing, Jahnavi Purna Gorripati, Surekha Godbole

International Arab Journal of Dentistry

Introduction: This report is a presentation of a clinical case that follows the Visagism concept for 2D planning and, CAD (Exo CAD) for 3D desiging along 3D printed diagnostic wax-up model for closure of anterior spacing.

Case presentation: A 24-year-old man presented with midline diastema and anterior spacing 11-13, 21-23 and wants a smile designed. This concern was solved following a smile design (VisagiSMile) planning digitally for diagnostic wax and printing a 3D model. The matrix transfer technique has been used to directly convey planned information from 3D-printed diagnostic wax-up to definitive restorations.

Conclusions: In this day …

Histological Evaluation Of Pulp Response To Pulpine Ne Versus Biodentine As Direct Pulp Capping Materials In A Dog Model, Hagar Bastawy, Maha Ahmed Niazy, Mona Farid, Asmaa Harhash, Mona Aboelwafa, Ashraf Abu-Seida

International Arab Journal of Dentistry

Introduction: The material used for pulp capping has a significant impact on the outcome of vital pulp therapy. This study compared the pulp tissue response to Pulpine NE versus Biodentine as direct pulp capping materials in a dog model.

Methods: Twenty-four teeth in two mongrel dogs (1-2-year-old) were used. In each dog (n=12 teeth), the dental pulps were exposed in 8 teeth (2 experimental groups, 4 teeth each) and left unexposed in 4 teeth (control group, n=4 teeth). A class V cavity was performed on the buccal surface of the selected teeth in the experimental groups. The exposed …

Nasoalveolar Molding: A Rise In Early Management Of Newborn Patient With Cleft Lip And Palate, Reeya Agrawal, Pallavi Daigavane, Amit Reche

International Arab Journal of Dentistry

Orofacial clefts are one of the most frequent congenital oral and maxillofacial abnormalities. When these babies are roughly three months old, lip rebuilding, also known as cheiloplasty, is a critical concern. In several cleft facilities, To improve the treatment success, presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding (NAM) has been included in the therapy protocol. In patients with cleft lip and palate, this technique is routinely used to bring the alveolar segments into normal alignment and improve nasal symmetry. In this article, the benefits of using this method as part of a treatment plan for infants with cleft lip and palate will be described. …

Synopsis On The Role Of Diode Laser In Root Canal Disinfection, Ashraf Abu-Seida, Mohamed El-Tayeb, Elhassan Hassanein

International Arab Journal of Dentistry

Effective root canal disinfection is necessary for success of endodontic treatment. Traditional chemo-mechanical techniques such as sodium hypochlorite, mechanical preparation and calcium hydroxide used for intracanal disinfection usually fail in cases of biofilm-related infections. Therefore, several new strategies are applied for root canal disinfection. One of these strategies is using of diode laser that has recently gained significant attention in the endodontic practice due to its antibacterial action, bio-stimulation, decrease of pain and improvement of success. Moreover, it has several advantages like its low cost, easily application, penetration power into dentine and smaller size device compared with other types of …

Estimation Levels Of Interferon Gamma In Patients Infected With A Entamoeba Histolytica, Bilal Jassim Mohammed, Thaer Abdulqader Salih, Safaa Abd Lateef

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

This research was carried out in Ramadi, Iraq, at the Ramadi Teaching Hospital and the Department of Biology laboratories at the University of Anbar's College of Education for Pure Sciences. Samples were collected from different age groups. The study was conducted includes the finding of the role of interferon gamma and granular white blood cells in prevention from Entamoeba histolytica parasite, where the quantitative estimate of interferon gamma was measured using the ELISA technique for the purpose of detecting the concentrations of this cytokine in infected people with amoebiasis and comparing with healthy people to prove the important role of …

A Study Of The Best Specifications Of Lenses (Polycarbonate) And The Least Used In Baghdad, Mundher Sameen Shuker

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The lack of the use of polycarbonate lenses that have the best characteristics compared to other lenses (glass or plastic) by patients in Baghdad. (50) patients were chosen who wear different types of glasses with different lenses. 35 males’ patients and 15 patients were females in the educational clinic for optical techniques in the College of Health and Medical Technologies-Baghdad, a period of 8 months was spent for the age groups of 15 up to 22 and were potential scientific students. Most of the devices for eye examination was used, and preparations were taken for comparison between the lenses in …

The Effect Of Oral Contraceptive Pills On Periodontal Health Statues Related To Saliva Interleukin Il-1Β, Zaynab Abdulazeez, Suha Talal Abd

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Oral contraceptives are used by millions of women, however it is unknown how they affect oral and periodontal health. The goal of the study was to evaluate the impact of oral contraceptive pills on periodontal health status as related to saliva interleukin IL-1β since saliva biomarkers may offer a cutting-edge way for manually probing, precisely diagnosing periodontal health and illness. In Baghdad city, 88 married women between the ages of 25 and 45 were examined in a case-control research to determine their periodontal health) by using Basic Periodontal Examination and saliva interleukin IL-1β levels. Before the study began, official approval …

Study Of Antibiotics Resistance And Biofilm Formation Of Staphylococcus Aureus, Lamyaa Khalid Muhammed, Ali Jaffar Saleem

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The aim of this study is to assess the biofilm-production rates in clinical S. aureus isolates and to correlate between multidrug resistance and their biofilm-forming capacity. One hundred ninety (190) clinical specimens were collected from different clinical sources (wounds, burns, urine, ear and blood) in Diyala province, during the period from September 15/ 2022 to December 15/ 2022. The isolates were diagnosed morphologically, microscopically, biochemically and confirmed by 16SrRNA detection. All isolates were investigated for antibiotic sensitivity, using the disc diffusion method. The isolates under test showed a high resistance 100% to OX, while the rates of resistance ranged from …

Study Of Antibiotics Resistance And Biofilm Formation Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Doaa Mohammed Ridha, Amal Aziz Kareem, Ali Jaffar Saleem

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The aim of study is to verify biofilm forming capacity of P. aeruginosa isolates from different clinical sources and its association with antibiotics resistance. In the current study, fifty (50) P. aeruginosa isolates were recovered from 250 clinical specimens collected from three main hospitals in Diyala Province. The results revealed that 64% of isolates were MDR and 18% XDR towards many antibiotics used 7 antibiotics including Piperacillin-tazobactam, Ceftazidim, Cefepem, Azetronam, Meropenem, Amikacin and Ciprofloxacin. The rates of resistance toward these antibiotics were 66%, 80%, 88%, 72%, 54%, 52% and 40% respectively. The (MIC) for Polymyxin B ranged from 2- 16 …

Detection Of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae And Lactobacillus Acidophilus In Women Who Suffer From Reproductive System Infections And Measuring Their Resistance To Antibiotics And Interleukin Levels, Raghad Abdul Wahid Qubian, Zahrah Adnan Alshammarri

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) infection that infects the mucous membranes lining the reproductive system, especially young women. Lactobacillus acidophilus is one of the important bacterial species that prefers an acidic environment, where it ferments sugars and converts them into lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide. It may work to inhibit or kill harmful microorganisms in humans, and it may be opportunistic, causing diseases in humans. a total of 200 samples including (170 vaginal swabs from patients and 30 healthy swabs samples) were collected from women who visited Al-Ammarah General Hospital in Maysan …

Comparison Of The Effect Of Intravenous Phenylephrine And Ephedrine On Pulse Rate In Treatment Of Hypotension After Spinal Anesthesia, Adel Amen Hama

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Hypotension is a side effect of the frequently used spinal anesthetic technique, which is employed in surgical procedures. Due to its quick onset, predictable and reliable block, and excellent postoperative analgesia, spinal anesthesia is frequently used in patients undergoing cesarean sections, gynecological surgery, urinary surgery, and orthopedic surgery of the lower limbs. Aim of study: to compare the effectiveness of intravenous phenylephrineand ephedrine on pulse rate in treatment of hypotension after spinal anesthesia. This study was performed in Ghazi Al-Hariri Hospital and Baghdad Hospital in Baghdad/Iraq about 4 month from 16 November 2022 to 2 March 2023. A total of …

Relationship Between Insulin And Dopamine2 Receptors In Diabetes Mellitus Patient, Mustafa Sultan Enad

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Dopamine D2 receptors play key roles in controlling insulin resistance and blood sugar levels Because C-peptide and dopamine 2 levels are positively correlated, increased C-peptide concentrations may also result in higher concentrations of dopamine 2, which may help diabetes patients better regulate their glucose metabolism. There was a significant lower mean and standard deviation of Dopamine2 in the patient group in in comparison to the control group. In addition, the patient group's insulin mean and standard deviation were greater than those of the control group. According to this study, those with the disorder had greater levels of C-peptide than people …