Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Aconitate Decarboxylase 1 Mediates The Acute Airway Inflammatory Response To Environmental Exposures, Aaron Schwab, Amy J. Nelson, Angela Gleason, Oliver Schanze, Todd A. Wyatt, Dhananjay Shinde, Peng Xiao, Vinai Chittezham Thomas, Chittibabu Guda, Kristina L. Bailey, Tammy Kielian, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Jill A. Poole

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

Background: Environmental lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and microbial component-enriched organic dusts cause significant lung disease. These environmental exposures induce the recruitment and activation of distinct lung monocyte/macrophage subpopulations involved in disease pathogenesis. Aconitate decarboxylase 1 (Acod1) was one of the most upregulated genes following LPS (vs. saline)exposure of murine whole lungs with transcriptomic profiling of sorted lung monocyte/macrophage subpopulations also highlighting its significance. Given monocyte/macrophage activation can be tightly linked to metabolism, the objective of these studies was to determine the role of the immunometabolic regulator ACOD1 inenvironmentalexposure-induced lung inflammation.

Methods: Wild-type (WT) mice were intratracheally (i.t.) instilled with 10 …

Perception Of Students As Partners In Learning Among Students And Faculty Members Of Sonam Karachi, Pakistan, Anum Shiraz Gujrati

MBE 2024

Background: Students as Partners (SaP) has emerged as a student-centred approach where students are taken as active partners in determining learning outcomes and pedagogies rather than being merely passive learners and consumers in Higher Education (HE). It shifts the focus from the teacher-centred to the student learning environment and from a product to process-orientated outcomes. There is still a need to explore the perception of students as partners in HE among undergraduate and graduate nursing students and faculty members.
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explore the perception of students and faculty members regarding students as partners in …

The Impact Of Local Physiology On The Corrosion Of Orthopedic Alloys, Madison Nicole Brown

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Introduction. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is used in the treatment of end-stage osteoarthritis of the knee. It is one of the most common elective surgeries performed with predictions expecting significant increases in the number of procedures performed over the next decade. However, the patient satisfaction rate after TKA is as low as 80%. Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) is regularly used for TKA protheses due to the alloy’s mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance. The corrosion resistance of this alloy relies on a passive oxide layer. This oxide layer can be impacted by phagocytic cells which can leave pits and craters on implant …

A Rare Case Of A Giant Cell Tumor Of The Peroneal Tendon Sheath, Francois M. Lokenye Dpm, Breana Marine Dpm, Orlexia Thomas Dpm, Mariam Kamil Bs

Posters

This case report discusses a 31-year-old male with TGCT in the peroneal tendon sheath, detailing clinical and radiological features.

his study explores the surgical interventions, diagnostic challenges, treatment options, and outcomes of TGCT, emphasizing its consideration in the differential diagnoses of painful foot and ankle masses.

Reducing Blood Culture Contamination In The Emergency Department: A Multi-Method Quality Improvement Projec, Daryn Brauner, Marlene Schmidt, Nikki Campbell, Keri Bill, April Alfano

Abstracts

Blood cultures are a diagnostic tool used to determine the presence of bacteremia. Blood culture contamination (BCC) can lead to inappropriate use of antibiotics, increased length of stay, and increased healthcare costs. Many hospitals should have benchmarked BCC rates of <3%. However, BCC rates or false positives are known to be highest in emergency departments and there has been limited research on integrating multi-method approaches to reduce BCC rates. Purpose: The aim of this quality improvement project was to reduce the monthly percentage of BCC in an academic emergency department through implementation of a robust multi-method intervention targeting nurses and patient care technicians who perform phlebotomy for blood cultures.

The intervention was implemented in four approaches beginning in June 2022: Focused Education, Dashboard Utilization, Campaign Initiatives, and Improvement to RN Workflow. Focused education consisted of numerous electronic and in-person trainings. Dashboard utilization involved consistently updating staff of real time metrics of BCC. Campaign Initiatives involved increased hand hygiene prior to BCC draws. Finally, workflow for RNs were improved by …

Speech Language Pathology Graduate Handbook - 2023-2024, Department Of Audiology And Speech-Language Pathology, East Tennessee State University

Speech-Language Pathology Handbooks

No abstract provided.

Incidence Of Pathologic Nodal Disease In Clinically Node Negative, Microinvasive/T1a Breast Cancers, Pranammya Dey

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Axillary staging in early-staged breast cancer can impact adjuvant treatment options but is also associated with increased morbidity. The incidence of pathologic nodal positivity in patients with microinvasive or T1a disease by histologic subtype is not well characterized and thus, the value of sentinel node biopsy remains controversial in these patients. We sought to analyze patient demographics and tumor characteristics associated with pathologic nodal disease in patients with clinically node negative (cN0), microinvasive and T1a breast cancers.Women >18 years old with clinically node negative (cN0) and pathologic microinvasive or T1a breast cancer who underwent upfront surgery were identified from the …

Barriers To Methadone For Hiv Prevention Among People Who Inject Drugs In Kazakhstan, Amanda Rachel Liberman

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Background: In Eastern Europe and Central Asia, HIV incidence and mortality continue to increase, and this epidemic is concentrated among people who inject drugs (PWID). In Kazakhstan, the prevalence of HIV among PWID is higher than for any other key population. Opioid agonist therapies like methadone are the only evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder and thus are crucial tools for HIV prevention. Though methadone has been provided for free in Kazakhstan since 2008, less than 1% of PWID currently access this service. An intervention to increase methadone scale-up is necessary, and the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment (EPIS) Framework …

Ballistic And Explosive Orthopaedic Trauma Epidemiology And Outcomes In A Global Population, Jamieson M. O'Marr

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Introduction:This thesis critically examines the epidemiological trends and clinical outcomes associated with ballistic and explosive orthopedic trauma, focusing exclusively on data coming from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Given the rising prevalence of civilian casualties in contemporary conflict zones and incidents of urban gun violence, there is an amplified need to bolster our understanding of these injuries. This is particularly important in LMIC civilian settings where a majority of this trauma is occurring but where the current literature is extremely lacking. This research aims to contribute significantly to the global medical community's capacity to provide informed, LMIC relevant evidence-based care …

Fusion, 2024, George Washington University, William H. Beaumont Medical Research Honor Society

Fusion

No abstract provided.

Exploration Of Associations Between Asthma And Depression In Older American Adults: A Pooled Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Medicare Recipients, Brian Ring

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Background

While unclear in older populations within the US, individuals with asthma are disproportionally affected by depression relative to those without asthma. This work explores the associations between asthma, depression, sociodemographic, and disease-related factors in a US population ≥ 65 years of age.

Methods

A pooled cross-sectional analysis of Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) data was utilized to determine the association between asthma and depression from 2018 to 2020. Depression was defined as a score of ≥ 10 from the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Disease-related variables were recorded if the subject met Medicare claims criteria for the calendar year. Multivariable …

Research Makes A Difference: Changing Post Surgical Vital Signs, Elizabeth Plante, Sadie Seezs, Jennifer Burris, Tiffany Omann-Bidinger

Nursing Posters

Research Question:

Are reduced frequency of vital signs as effective in identifying patient deterioration in postoperative adult orthopedic and spine patients after a post anesthesia care unit stay with transfer to orthopedic and neuroscience spine units when compared to current practice?

Conclusions/Implications:

• Changing the frequency of post operative vital signs provides the same quality, not directly affecting an increased risk of death.
• Reduction in number of times vital signs needed completion, saving time for nurses to complete other duties.
• System wide change to routine post operative vital signs for floor level patients was implemented.
• Recommend future research for obstetric and …

Eye Code Protocol, Christina Anderson Md, Maiya Dietz, Kelsey Bade, Mallory Mondloch

Nursing Posters

Purpose of EYE CODE:

• Retinal artery occlusion (RAO) is a rare but detrimental adverse effect of cosmetic facial filler injections.
• Requires prompt treatment and reversal to avoid patient blindness.
• EYE CODE is a new protocol in place to avoid this complication.
• Assist staff during a high stress event. •Improve patient safety & staff confidence. Way to receive continuing education credits through the clinic.

Discussing Systemic Racism And Racial Privilege At A Large, Academic Health Center Using A Modified Privilege Walk, Elizabeth A. Brown, Rosemarie Jones

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background: There is a motivation for organizations to understand race and racism from the perspective of minoritized individuals. Academic health centers (AHC) are ideal organizations to have these conversations as they educate healthcare providers, support research in health disparities, and care for diverse patients.

Methods: We piloted and evaluated a virtual Modified Privilege Walk (MPW) with faculty, staff, and students at an AHC in July 2020 to promote difficult conversations about race/racism, social class, and privilege. Each MPW session was voluntary, held virtually over Zoom, and lasted one hour and thirty minutes. Before attending, participants answered questions based on their …

Patient Perceptions Of Audio-Only Versus Video Telehealth Visits: A Qualitative Study Among Patients In An Academic Medical Center Setting, Ryan Kruis, Elizabeth A. Brown, Jada Johnson, Kit N. Simpson, James Mcelligott, Jillian Harvey

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Introduction: Telehealth utilization surged during the COVID-19 pandemic, offering expanded health care access. Audio-only visits emerged as a crucial tool for patients facing technology or connectivity barriers to still use telehealth. This qualitative study aims to better understand patient perceptions of audio-only versus video telehealth visits during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how patients perceive the role of each in their overall health care. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 adult patients seeking care at an academic medical center located in the Southeast region of the United States. Patients had experienced both an audio-only and video telehealth visit within the …

A Comparison Of Machine Learning Surrogate Models Of Street-Scale Flooding In Norfolk, Virginia, Diana Mcspadden, Steven Goldenberg, Binata Roy, Malachi Schram, Jonathan L. Goodall, Heather Richter

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Low-lying coastal cities, exemplified by Norfolk, Virginia, face the challenge of street flooding caused by rainfall and tides, which strain transportation and sewer systems and can lead to personal and property damage. While high-fidelity, physics-based simulations provide accurate predictions of urban pluvial flooding, their computational complexity renders them unsuitable for real-time applications. Using data from Norfolk rainfall events between 2016 and 2018, this study compares the performance of a previous surrogate model based on a random forest algorithm with two deep learning models: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). The comparison of deep learning to the random …

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome And The Effects Of A Ketogenic Diet: A Scoping Review, Dayelise Fleigle

Doctor of Medical Science (DMSc)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in females of reproductive age.¹ It is estimated that 7% of women worldwide are impacted.¹ Diagnosis of PCOS is based on the widely adopted Rotterdam Criteria, though there are other proposed criteria.² Using the Rotterdam Criteria, two out of three of the following must be present to establish a diagnosis of PCOS: clinical or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism, oligo-anovulation, and/or polycystic ovaries seen on ultrasound.² Patients with PCOS may also present with one or more of the following: overweight/obese body mass index (BMI), infertility, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, …

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation In Prevention Of Recurrent C. Difficile Infection, Emmiline Chou

Doctor of Medical Science (DMSc)

Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobic bacterium that causes a spectrum of clinical presentations from mild diarrhea to severe colitis. Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) remains a persistent challenge with a notable burden of recurrence in a subset of 1 patients. Recurrent CDI is associated with increased healthcare costs, heightened risk of complications and elevated mortality rates. While standard antibiotic therapies can be effective initially, they often fail to provide sustained clinical remission, making alternative treatment

1 options such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) necessary. Biotherapeutics is another alternative with less risks of resistance than with antibiotic therapy. Efforts to …

Prostaglandins To Ease The Pain Of Intrauterine Device Insertion, Brittney Ayles

Doctor of Medical Science (DMSc)

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are effective contraceptives, but they continue to be underutilized by adolescent and young adult females in part due to the anticipated pain of device insertion and lack of standardized analgesia during device insertion. This systematic review evaluates the use of prostaglandins (dinoprostone and misoprostol) and topical lidocaine formulations for analgesic efficacy during IUD insertion. Randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews published in the last 10 years with the primary outcome of pain reduction during IUD insertion using either prostaglandins or topical lidocaine were included given the study included nulliparous women. Electronic search via PubMed was conducted, and …

Code Blue Debriefing, Micaela Herbst-Bialke

Nursing Posters

Situation and Assessment:

Opportunities to improve code blue events have been identified by comments received on code blue critiques and results from a survey completed by 120 code blue team members.

Background:

As referenced by the American Heart Association along with Get with the Guidelines, post code debriefing is a key element to promote continuous quality improvement in patient care. Post-event debriefings are a foundational behavior of high performing teams in improving individual and team performance.

What's The Plan? Give Me The Patient's Story, Holly Kockler, Amber Guzman

Nursing Posters

Plan:

The aim for this project was to improve staff satisfaction with care planning and bring the patient's plan of care to the forefront for all staff.

Key Drivers:

• Care Plan notes were difficult for care team to understand how the patient was progressing towards their goals.
• Care Plan lacked the ability to tell the patient's story and represent the interdisciplinary plan of care.

Gamification: Integrating Into The Perioperative Environment, Tammy Filippi, Nicole Helgeson, Jennifer Salzer, Courtney Van Vickle

Nursing Posters

What is Gamification?

• Using game attributes in a non-game context.
• Including game elements such as points, prizes, leaderboards, etc.
• Goal is education rather than entertainment.

Why Gamification?

• Increase staff engagement.
• Optimizes the learners' outcomes.
• Research has shown no negative outcomes.
• Improved learning behaviors and attitudes towards learning.

Psilocybin’S Role In Major Depressive Disorder: A Scoping Review, Carlos Barajas

Doctor of Medical Science (DMSc)

Psilocybe cubensis are a group of mushrooms containing psilocybin with a history of consumption dating back to ancient civilization. Researchers believe the ritual use of psilocybin dates back 3,000 years amongst the indigenous people of Mexico and Central America.¹ Psilocybin is responsible for the effects associated with the consumption of “Magic Mushrooms”. These effects include hallucinations, delusions, and feelings of derealization. ² In 1973, the United States federal government classified psilocybin as a Schedule I substance under the Controlled Substance Act, and today the DEA continues to identify the chemical as “high potential for abuse” with “no currently accepted …

A 3d Dlt View Correction Tool For Manual Digitizing: A Cross-Platform Application For Correcting Shifted Image Coordinates Prior To Object Coordinate Reconstruction, William Moynihan

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

While 3D direct linear transformation is a versatile motion capture method, care must be taken so that the cameras are not bumped or adjusted between the object space calibration phase and the end of video recording. Disturbing the cameras during this time will misalign the view, making the movement data invalid for the associated calibration. The purpose of this study was to design and validate a cross-platform software application for transforming image coordinates from a bumped camera to be compatible with the object space calibration and to determine the relationship between reconstruction error and changes to bumped camera views.

For …

Impact Of The Methamphetamine Epidemic On Healthcare, Amanda Brumfield

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: The surge in methamphetamine use in the U.S. has presented various challenges for individuals and healthcare systems. Research has shown high relapse rates, oral health issues, and increased susceptibility to blood-borne viruses among users, underscoring the gravity of the situation. Furthermore, the absence of approved pharmacological treatments and systemic barriers to effective treatment highlighted the pressing need for holistic approaches to address this epidemic successfully.

Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this research was to identify the challenges faced by treatment providers specializing in substance use disorder treatment amid rising instances of methamphetamine abuse, including managing heightened relapse …

Consequences: Energy Drinks And Oral Health, Janelle Tweedie, Macie Fletcher

Dental Hygiene Student Research Posters

Poster covers the topic of adolescents and young adults drinking energy drinks, a now popular drink. A few things that are found in energy drinks that affect the oral cavity include caffeine, sugars, and acids. With these factors, it was proven that acid erosion and dental caries can be linked to drinking these dangerous drinks, and how harmful it is to this young population.

Growing Through Adversity: Cultivating Oral Health After Childhood Cancer Care, Alissa Lawson, Becca Dauteuil

Dental Hygiene Student Research Posters

Childhood cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation, are essential but have significant side effects on growth, development, and oral health. These therapies can disrupt cell division, damage growing tissues, and cause complications like delayed tooth eruption, soft tissue abnormalities, and saliva production changes. Despite these risks, there is a lack of comprehensive research and standardized protocols for managing oral health in survivors. Studies reviewed for this paper were recently published and they stated to have been the first ever to discuss this topic. Increased research funding is needed to study long-term effects, focusing on salivary gland function, periodontal health, …

Beyond Clean Teeth: Dental Hygiene’S Role In Hpv Prevention And Advocacy, Olivia Shallow, Gisele Tay, Elizabeth Turnbull

Dental Hygiene Student Research Posters

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection linked to oropharyngeal and cervical cancers, particularly through HPV16. While the HPV vaccine has proven effective in reducing cancer and genital warts, its uptake remains limited due to low public and professional awareness. Dental hygienists, with their focus on preventive care, can play a key role in promoting HPV vaccination. This literature review explores how increased HPV education for hygienists can improve patient outcomes. By advocating for vaccination, providing patient education, offering guidance, and possibly administering the vaccine in dental offices, hygienists could significantly help reduce HPV-related cancers. However, challenges remain, …

Progression Of Care/Discharge Delay Panel, Jennifer Burris, Jennifer Salzer, Leann Volkers

Nursing Posters

Plan:

• To reduce the number of patients with a length of stay (LOS) greater than or equal to 26 days by 25% (from 199 to 150).
• to reduce the average patient days for patients with a length of stay greater than or equal to 26 days by 25% (from 39.7 to 30).

Process-Oriented: A Creative Approach To Transformative Learning, Dorit Netzer

International Journal of Transpersonal Studies Advance Publication Archive

In this intrinsic case study, the author explores the value of creative expression as a process-oriented approach to transformative learning through her experience of designing and facilitating a graduate art-therapy studio workshop. The author grounds her teaching in a humanistic view of creativity and transpersonal, transformative learning theories pertaining to expressive ways of knowing. Excerpts from one group of students’ responses to the course in terms of its impact on their personal-professional identity were grouped under four major themes: Purposeful Encounter; Authenticity; Expressive Mediums for Self-Care; and Shared Discovery. Conclusions from this case may be relevant to other educational settings …