Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Processes For Identifying Caregivers And Screening For Caregiver And Patient Distress In Community Oncology: Results From Wf-1803cd., Chandylen L. Nightingale, Anna C. Snavely, Laurie E. Mclouth, Emily V. Dressler, Erin E. Kent, Christian S. Adonizio, Suzanne C. Danhauer, Rachel Cannady, Judith O. Hopkins, Heather Kehn, Kathryn E. Weaver, Katherine R. Sterba

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite their vital roles, informal caregivers of adult cancer patients are commonly overlooked in cancer care. This study describes processes for identifying cancer caregivers and processes for distress screening and management among caregivers and patients in the understudied community oncology setting.

METHODS: Supportive care leaders from the National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program practices completed online survey questions regarding caregiver identification, caregiver and patient distress screening, and distress management strategies. We described practice group characteristics and prevalence of study outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression explored associations between practice group characteristics and caregiver identification in the electronic health record (EHR). …

Hepatitis C Virus Detection And Management After Implementation Of Universal Screening In Pregnancy, Sarah Boudova, Danielle Tholey, Elizabeth Ferries-Rowe

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Accurately identifying cases of hepatitis C virus has important medical and public health consequences. In the setting of rising hepatitis C virus prevalence and highly effective treatment with direct-acting antivirals, the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine guidelines recently changed to recommend universal screening for hepatitis C virus during pregnancy. However, there is little data on the influence of this policy change on case identification and management. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the influence of universal hepatitis C virus screening on our patient population. Our primary objective was to determine if there was a difference in the detected hepatitis C virus …

Efficacy And Safety Of Artificial Tears Containing Lipidure And Hypromellose For The Treatment Of Moderate Dry Eye Disease In Contact Lens Wearers, Caterina Gagliano, Marco Zeppieri, Antonio Longo, Giovanni Rubegni, Roberta Amato, Roberta Foti, Francesco Cappellani, Massimiliano Cocuzza, Federico Visalli, Ludovica Cannizzaro, Alessandro Avitabile, Giuseppe Gagliano, Lucia Lapenna, Fabiana D'Esposito

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

Background and Objectives: Dry eye disease (DED) affects 5–50% of the global population and deeply influences everyday life activities. This study compared the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of novel Respilac artificial tears containing lipidure and hypromellose (HPMC) with the widely used Nextal artificial tears, which are also HPMC-based, for the treatment of moderate DED in contact lenses (CL) wearers.

Materials and Methods: In a prospective, single-center, randomized investigation, 30 patients aged ≥18 years, diagnosed with moderate DED, and wearing CL were randomly assigned to the Respilac (n = 15) or Nextal group (n = 15). Patients self-administrated one drop of …

Prex1 Improves Homeostatic Proliferation To Maintain A Naive Cd4+ T Cell Compartment In Older Age, Huimin Zhang, Hirohisa Okuyama, Abhinav Jain, Rohit R Jadhav, Bowen Wu, Ines Sturmlechner, Jose Morales, Shozo Ohtsuki, Cornelia M Weyand, Jӧrg J Goronzy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The human adult immune system maintains normal T cell counts and compensates for T cell loss throughout life, mainly through peripheral homeostatic proliferation after the ability of the thymus to generate new T cells has rapidly declined at adolescence. This process is mainly driven by STAT5-activating cytokines, most importantly IL-7, and is very effective in maintaining a large naive CD4+ T cell compartment into older age. Here, we describe that naive CD4+ T cells undergo adaptations to optimize IL-7 responses by upregulating the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor PREX1 in older age. PREX1 promotes nuclear translocation of phosphorylated STAT5, thereby supporting homeostatic …

Impact Of An Integrated Health, Nutrition, And Early Child Stimulation And Responsive Care Intervention Package Delivered To Preterm Or Term Small For Gestational Age Babies During Infancy On Growth And Neurodevelopment: Study Protocol Of An Individually Randomized Controlled Trial In India (Small Babies Trial), Ranadip Chowdhury, Rukman Manapurath, Ingvild Fossgard Sandøy, Ravi Prakash Upadhyay, Neeta Dhabhai, Saijuddin Shaikh, Harish Chellani, Tarun Shankar Choudhary, Abhinav Jain, Jose Martines, Nita Bhandari, Tor A Strand, Sunita Taneja

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Preterm and term small for gestational age (SGA) babies are at high risk of experiencing malnutrition and impaired neurodevelopment. Standalone interventions have modest and sometimes inconsistent effects on growth and neurodevelopment in these babies. For greater impact, intervention may be needed in multiple domains-health, nutrition, and psychosocial care and support. Therefore, the combined effects of an integrated intervention package for preterm and term SGA on growth and neurodevelopment are worth investigating.

METHODS: An individually randomized controlled trial is being conducted in urban and peri-urban low to middle-socioeconomic neighborhoods in South Delhi, India. Infants are randomized (1:1) into two strata …

Three-Year Follow-Up Analysis Of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel In Relapsed/Refractory Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (Zuma-5), Sattva S Neelapu, Julio C Chavez, Alison R Sehgal, Narendranath Epperla, Matthew Ulrickson, Emmanuel Bachy, Pashna N Munshi, Carla Casulo, David G Maloney, Sven De Vos, Ran Reshef, Lori A Leslie, Olalekan O Oluwole, Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha, Rashmi Khanal, Joseph Rosenblatt, Ronald Korn, Weixin Peng, Christine Lui, Jacob Wulff, Rhine Shen, Soumya Poddar, A Scott Jung, Harry Miao, Sara Beygi, Caron A Jacobson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) is an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy approved for relapsed/refractory (R/R) follicular lymphoma (FL). Approval was supported by the phase 2, multicenter, single-arm ZUMA-5 study of axi-cel for patients with R/R indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (iNHL; N = 104), including FL and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL). In the primary analysis (median follow-up, 17.5 months), the overall response rate (ORR) was 92% (complete response rate, 74%). Here, we report long-term outcomes from ZUMA-5. Eligible patients with R/R iNHL after ≥2 lines of therapy underwent leukapheresis, followed by lymphodepleting chemotherapy and axi-cel infusion (2 × 106 CAR …

The Mrna-Lnp Vaccines - The Good, The Bad And The Ugly?, Botond Z. Igyártó, Zhen Qin

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

The mRNA-LNP vaccine has received much attention during the COVID-19 pandemic since it served as the basis of the most widely used SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in Western countries. Based on early clinical trial data, these vaccines were deemed safe and effective for all demographics. However, the latest data raise serious concerns about the safety and effectiveness of these vaccines. Here, we review some of the safety and efficacy concerns identified to date. We also discuss the potential mechanism of observed adverse events related to the use of these vaccines and whether they can be mitigated by alterations of this vaccine mechanism …

Toward Reducing Racialized Pain Care Disparities: Approaching Cannabis Research And Access Through The Lens Of Equity And Inclusion, Brooke Worster, Salimah H. Meghani, Amy E. Leader, Shannon M. Nugent, Katie Fitzgerald Jones, Katherine A. Yeager, Kevin Liou, Rebecca L. Ashare

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

There is growing interest in cannabis use for cancer pain. This commentary aims to discuss the evidence surrounding cannabis use for cancer pain in the context of the long-racialized landscape of cannabis policies and the disparity in pain control among cancer patients holding minoritized racial identities. Much evidence surrounding both the benefits and harms of cannabis use in cancer patients, and all patients in general, is lacking. Although drawing on the research in cancer that is available, it is also important to illustrate the broader context about how cannabis' deep roots in medical, political, and social history impact patient use …

Experiences Of Undergraduate Nursing Faculty Adapting To The Changes Of The Next Generation Nclex, Marlene Kilpack Whiteside

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Undergraduate nursing faculty are responsible for preparing nursing students for patient care in a dynamic health care setting and are challenged with meeting the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) change to the Next Generation NCLEX (NGN). The National Council of State Boards of Nursing recommended the incorporation of the Clinical Judgment Measurement Model (CJMM) and competency-based curriculum in preparation for NGN testing that began in 2023. Understanding how faculty experienced and adapted to changes in curriculum, patient-centered instruction, and NGN testing may help future nurse faculty in adapting. The purpose of this basic exploratory, qualitative study guided by the achievement …

Neurovascular Complications Of Iatrogenic Fusarium Solani Meningitis, Nora Strong, Grant Meeks, Sunil A. Sheth, Louise Mccullough, Julian A. Villalba, Chunfeng Tan, Andrew Barreto, Jose Campo Maldonado, Victoria Parada, Ameer E. Hassan

School of Medicine Publications

A multinational outbreak of nosocomial fusarium meningitis occurred among immunocompetent patients who had undergone surgery with epidural anesthesia in Mexico. The pathogen involved had a high predilection for the brain stem and vertebrobasilar arterial system and was associated with high mortality from vessel injury. Effective treatment options remain limited; in vitro susceptibility testing of the organism suggested that it is resistant to all currently approved antifungal medications in the United States. To highlight the severe complications associated with fusarium infection acquired in this manner, we report data, clinical courses, and outcomes from 13 patients in the outbreak who presented with …

Evolving Therapies, Neurocognitive Outcomes, And Functional Independence In Adult Survivors Of Childhood Glioma, Chiara Papini, Sedigheh Mirzaei S, Mengqi Xing, Ingrid Tonning Olsson, Peter M K De Blank, Katharine R Lange, Ralph Salloum, Deokumar Srivastava, Wendy M Leisenring, Rebecca M Howell, Kevin C Oeffinger, Leslie L Robison, Gregory T Armstrong, Kevin R Krull, Tara M Brinkman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Treatment of childhood glioma has evolved to reduce radiotherapy exposure with the goal of limiting late toxicity. However, the associations between treatment changes and neurocognition, and the contribution of neurocognition and chronic health conditions to attainment of adult independence, remain unknown.

Methods: Adult survivors of childhood glioma diagnosed in 1970-1999 in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (n = 1284; median [minimum-maximum] 30 [18-51] years of age at assessment; 22 [15-34] years from diagnosis) self-reported neurocognitive impairment and chronic health conditions. Multivariable models evaluated associations between changes in treatment exposures (surgery only, chemotherapy [with or without surgery], cranial radiation [with …

Targeting Dna2 Overcomes Metabolic Reprogramming In Multiple Myeloma, Natthakan Thongon, Feiyang Ma, Natalia Baran, Pamela Lockyer, Jintan Liu, Christopher Jackson, Ashley Rose, Ken Furudate, Bethany Wildeman, Matteo Marchesini, Valentina Marchica, Paola Storti, Giannalisa Todaro, Irene Ganan-Gomez, Vera Adema, Juan Jose Rodriguez-Sevilla, Yun Qing, Min Jin Ha, Rodrigo Fonseca, Caleb Stein, Caleb Class, Lin Tan, Sergio Attanasio, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Nicola Giuliani, David Berrios Nolasco, Andrea Santoni, Claudio Cerchione, Carlos Bueso-Ramos, Marina Konopleva, Philip Lorenzi, Koichi Takahashi, Elisabet Manasanch, Gabriella Sammarelli, Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna, Andrea Viale, Marta Chesi, Simona Colla

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

DNA damage resistance is a major barrier to effective DNA-damaging therapy in multiple myeloma (MM). To discover mechanisms through which MM cells overcome DNA damage, we investigate how MM cells become resistant to antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapy targeting Interleukin enhancer binding factor 2 (ILF2), a DNA damage regulator that is overexpressed in 70% of MM patients whose disease has progressed after standard therapies have failed. Here, we show that MM cells undergo adaptive metabolic rewiring to restore energy balance and promote survival in response to DNA damage activation. Using a CRISPR/Cas9 screening strategy, we identify the mitochondrial DNA repair protein …

Endovascular Thrombectomy Treatment Effect In Direct Vs Transferred Patients With Large Ischemic Strokes: A Prespecified Analysis Of The Select2 Trial, Amrou Sarraj, Michael D Hill, M Shazam Hussain, Michael G Abraham, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez, Michael Chen, Scott E Kasner, Leonid Churilov, Deep K Pujara, Hannah Johns, Spiros Blackburn, Sophia Sundararajan, Yin C Hu, Nabeel A Herial, Ronald F Budzik, William J Hicks, Juan F Arenillas, Jenny P Tsai, Osman Kozak, Dennis J Cordato, Ricardo A Hanel, Teddy Y Wu, Pere Cardona Portela, Chirag D Gandhi, Fawaz Al-Mufti, Laith Maali, Daniel Gibson, Natalia Pérez De La Ossa, Joanna D Schaafsma, Jordi Blasco, Navdeep Sangha, Steven Warach, Timothy J Kleinig, Faris Shaker, Clark W Sitton, Thanh Nguyen, Johanna T Fifi, Pascal Jabbour, Anthony Furlan, Maarten G Lansberg, Georgios Tsivgoulis, Cathy Sila, Nicholas Bambakidis, Stephen Davis, Lawrence Wechsler, Greg W Albers, James C Grotta, Marc Ribo, Bruce C Campbell, Ameer E Hassan, Nirav Vora, Nathan W Manning, Andrew Cheung, Amin N Aghaebrahim, Andres J Paipa Merchán, Daniel Sahlein, Manuel Requena Ruiz, Lucas Elijovich, Adam Arthur, Faisal Al-Shaibi, Edgar A Samaniego, Kelsey R Duncan, Amanda Opaskar, Abhishek Ray, Wei Xiong, Jeffery Sunshine, Michael Degeorgia, Stavropoula Tjoumakaris, Vitor Mendes Pereira

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Patients with large ischemic core stroke have poor clinical outcomes and are frequently not considered for interfacility transfer for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).

Objective: To assess EVT treatment effects in transferred vs directly presenting patients and to evaluate the association between transfer times and neuroimaging changes with EVT clinical outcomes.

Design, setting, and participants: This prespecified secondary analysis of the SELECT2 trial, which evaluated EVT vs medical management (MM) in patients with large ischemic stroke, evaluated adults aged 18 to 85 years with acute ischemic stroke due to occlusion of the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery (M1 segment) as …

Discovery And Clinical Proof-Of-Concept Of Rly-2608, A First-In-Class Mutant-Selective Allosteric Pi3kα Inhibitor That Decouples Antitumor Activity From Hyperinsulinemia, Andreas Varkaris, Ermira Pazolli, Hakan Gunaydin, Qi Wang, Levi Pierce, Alessandro A Boezio, Artemisa Bulku, Lucian Dipietro, Cary Fridrich, Adam Frost, Fabrizio Giordanetto, Erika P Hamilton, Katherine Harris, Michael Holliday, Tamieka L Hunter, Amanda Iskandar, Yongli Ji, Alexandre Larivée, Jonathan R Larochelle, André Lescarbeau, Fabien Llambi, Brenda Lormil, Mary M Mader, Brenton G Mar, Iain Martin, Thomas H Mclean, Klaus Michelsen, Yakov Pechersky, Erika Puente-Poushnejad, Kevin Raynor, Dipali Rogala, Ramin Samadani, Alison M Schram, Kelley Shortsleeves, Sweta Swaminathan, Shahein Tajmir, Gege Tan, Yong Tang, Roberto Valverde, Bryan Wehrenberg, Jeremy Wilbur, Bret R Williams, Hongtao Zeng, Hanmo Zhang, W Patrick Walters, Beni B Wolf, David E Shaw, Donald A Bergstrom, James Watters, James S Fraser, Pascal D Fortin, D Randal Kipp

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PIK3CA (PI3Kα) is a lipid kinase commonly mutated in cancer, including ∼40% of hormone receptor–positive breast cancer. The most frequently observed mutants occur in the kinase and helical domains. Orthosteric PI3Kα inhibitors suffer from poor selectivity leading to undesirable side effects, most prominently hyperglycemia due to inhibition of wild-type (WT) PI3Kα. Here, we used molecular dynamics simulations and cryo-electron microscopy to identify an allosteric network that provides an explanation for how mutations favor PI3Kα activation. A DNA-encoded library screen leveraging electron microscopy-optimized constructs, differential enrichment, and an orthosteric-blocking compound led to the identification of RLY-2608, a first-in-class allosteric mutant-selective inhibitor …

Neurovascular Complications Of Iatrogenic Fusarium Solani Meningitis, Nora Strong, Grant Meeks, Sunil A Sheth, Louise Mccullough, Julian A Villalba, Chunfeng Tan, Andrew Barreto, Audrey Wanger, Michelle Mcdonald, Peter Kan, Hashem Shaltoni, Jose Campo Maldonado, Victoria Parada, Ameer E Hassan, Sarah Reagan-Steiner, Tom Chiller, Jeremy A W Gold, Dallas J Smith, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A multinational outbreak of nosocomial fusarium meningitis occurred among immunocompetent patients who had undergone surgery with epidural anesthesia in Mexico. The pathogen involved had a high predilection for the brain stem and vertebrobasilar arterial system and was associated with high mortality from vessel injury. Effective treatment options remain limited; in vitro susceptibility testing of the organism suggested that it is resistant to all currently approved antifungal medications in the United States. To highlight the severe complications associated with fusarium infection acquired in this manner, we report data, clinical courses, and outcomes from 13 patients in the outbreak who presented with …

Arterial Stiffness And Obesity As Predictors Of Diabetes: Longitudinal Cohort Study, Cancan Cui, Zhiyuan Wu, Jia Zheng, Jiaqi Chu, Jiajing Zhu, Yitian Qi, Zhenming Zhang, Zhijia Wang, Mengchao Zhang, Zhanhao Mo, Liangkai Cheng, Lei Ding, Xiaoping Kang, Lin Liu, Te Zhang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed the separate effect of arterial stiffness and obesity on type 2 diabetes; however, the joint effect of arterial stiffness and obesity on diabetes onset remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to propose the concept of arterial stiffness obesity phenotype and explore the risk stratification capacity for diabetes. METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study used baseline data of 12,298 participants from Beijing Xiaotangshan Examination Center between 2008 and 2013 and then annually followed them until incident diabetes or 2019. BMI (waist circumference) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity were measured to define arterial stiffness abdominal obesity phenotype. The …

Living With Myocardial Ischaemia And No Obstructive Coronary Arteries: A Qualitative Study, Helen Humphreys, Danielle Paddock, Sarah Brown, Colin Berry, Aynsley Cowie, Susan Dawkes, Simon Nichols

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective To explore the lived experience of people with myocardial ischaemia with no obstructive arteries. Design Qualitative study using semistructured interviews. Setting Telephone interviews with 17 participants living in the UK. Participants 17 people (2 males, 15 females; aged 31–69 years) with a presumed or confirmed diagnosis of myocardial ischaemia with no obstructive arteries, recruited via social media and online patient-led support forums. Results Five themes were generated. Theme 1 describes the wide range of experiences that participants described, particularly the frequency and intensity of symptoms, and the uncertainty and fear that symptoms commonly provoked. Theme 2 describes the major …

Assessment Of Human Leukocyte Antigen-Based Neoantigen Presentation To Determine Pan-Cancer Response To Immunotherapy, Jiefei Han, Yiting Dong, Xiuli Zhu, Alexandre Reuben, Jianjun Zhang, Jiachen Xu, Hua Bai, Jianchun Duan, Rui Wan, Jie Zhao, Jing Bai, Xuefeng Xia, Xin Yi, Chao Cheng, Jie Wang, Zhijie Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite the central role of human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) in tumor neoantigen presentation, quantitative determination of presentation capacity remains elusive. Based on a pooled pan-cancer genomic dataset of 885 patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), we developed a score integrating the binding affinity of neoantigens to HLA-I, as well as HLA-I allele divergence, termed the HLA tumor-Antigen Presentation Score (HAPS). Patients with a high HAPS were more likely to experience survival benefit following ICI treatment. Analysis of the tumor microenvironment indicated that the antigen presentation pathway was enriched in patients with a high HAPS. Finally, we built …

Addressing A Pre-Clinical Pipeline Gap: Development Of The Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenograft Program At Texas Children's Hospital At Baylor College Of Medicine, Alexandra M Stevens, Maci Terrell, Raushan Rashid, Kevin E Fisher, Andrea N Marcogliese, Amos Gaikwad, Pulivarthi Rao, Chelsea Vrana, Michael Krueger, Michael Loken, Andrew J Menssen, Jacqueline A Cook, Noah Keogh, Michelle Alozie, Hailey Oviedo, Alan K Gonzalez, Tamilini Ilangovan, Julia Kim, Sohani Sandhu, Michele S Redell

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The survival rate of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pAML) is currently around 60%. While survival has slowly increased over the past few decades, the development of novel agents likely to further improve survival for this heterogeneous patient population has been limited by gaps in the pAML pre-clinical pipeline. One of the major hurdles in evaluating new agents for pAML is the lack of pAML patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Unlike solid tumors and other types of leukemias, AML is notoriously hard to establish in mouse models, likely due in part to the need for specific human microenvironment elements. Our laboratory at …

Benchmarking Signal Quality And Spatiotemporal Distribution Of Interictal Spikes In Prolonged Human Ieeg Recordings Using Cortec Wireless Brain Interchange, Amir Hossein Ayyoubi, Behrang Fazli Besheli, Michael M Quach, Jay R Gavvala, Alica M Goldman, Chandra Prakash Swamy, Eleonora Bartoli, Daniel J Curry, Sameer A Sheth, David J Francis, Nuri F Ince

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Neuromodulation through implantable pulse generators (IPGs) represents an important treatment approach for neurological disorders. While the field has observed the success of state-of-the-art interventions, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) or responsive neurostimulation (RNS), implantable systems face various technical challenges, including the restriction of recording from a limited number of brain sites, power management, and limited external access to the assessed neural data in a continuous fashion. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time in this study, we investigated the feasibility of recording human intracranial EEG (iEEG) using a benchtop version of the Brain Interchange (BIC) unit …

Persistent Mucus Plugs In Proximal Airways Are Consequential For Airflow Limitation In Asthma, Brendan K. Huang, Kaharu Sumino, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUNDInformation about the size, airway location, and longitudinal behavior of mucus plugs in asthma is needed to understand their role in mechanisms of airflow obstruction and to rationally design muco-active treatments.METHODSCT lung scans from 57 patients with asthma were analyzed to quantify mucus plug size and airway location, and paired CT scans obtained 3 years apart were analyzed to determine plug behavior over time. Radiologist annotations of mucus plugs were incorporated in an image-processing pipeline to generate size and location information that was related to measures of airflow.RESULTSThe length distribution of 778 annotated mucus plugs was multimodal, and a 12 …

Immunoglobulin Replacement Products Protect Against Sars-Cov-2 Infection In Vivo Despite Poor Neutralizing Activity, Ofer Zimmerman, Alexa Michelle Altman Doss, Baoling Ying, Chieh-Yu Liang, Samantha R. Mackin, Hannah G. Davis-Adams, Lucas J. Adams, Laura A. Vanblargan, Rita E. Chen, Suzanne M. Scheaffer, Pritesh Desai, Saravanan Raju, Tarisa L. Mantia, Caitlin C. O'Shaughnessy, Jennifer Marie Monroy, H. James Wedner, Christopher J. Rigell, Andrew L. Kau, Tiffany Biason Dy, Zhen Ren, Jackson S. Turner, Jane A. O'Halloran, Rachel M. Presti, Peggy L. Kendall, Daved H. Fremont, Ali H. Ellebedy, Michael S Diamond

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Immunoglobulin (IG) replacement products are used routinely in patients with immune deficiency and other immune dysregulation disorders who have poor responses to vaccination and require passive immunity conferred by commercial antibody products. The binding, neutralizing, and protective activity of intravenously administered IG against SARS-CoV-2 emerging variants remains unknown. Here, we tested 198 different IG products manufactured from December 2019 to August 2022. We show that prepandemic IG had no appreciable cross-reactivity or neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2. Anti-spike antibody titers and neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 D614G increased gradually after the pandemic started and reached levels comparable to vaccinated healthy donors …

Eosinophils Restrain Humoral Alloimmunity After Lung Transplantation, Zhongcheng Mei, Yuriko Terada, Yuhei Yokoyama, Andrew E. Gelman, Daniel Kreisel, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

While the function of many leukocytes in transplant biology has been well defined, the role of eosinophils is controversial and remains poorly explored. Conflicting data exist regarding eosinophils' role in alloimmunity. Due to their prevalence in the lung, and their defined role in other pulmonary pathologies such as asthma, we set out to explore the role of eosinophils in the long-term maintenance of the lung allograft. We noted that depletion of eosinophils results in the generation of donor-specific antibodies. Eosinophil depletion increased memory B cell, plasma cell, and antibody-secreting cell differentiation and resulted in de novo generation of follicular germinal …

Investigating The Motivational Differences For Healthy Eating In Men And Women, Kylie Martin, John Adams

Journal of Applied Disciplines

The study aimed to measure the differing levels of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation for healthy eating behaviors in men and women. Through social media outreach, a sample of 57 participants (n=57), aged 18-69, living across the United States, primarily in the midwestern area, completed an online survey. The Motivation for Healthy Eating Scale (MHES) assessed different subgroups of internal and external motivation for healthy eating. Five of the six subgroups were used in the online survey sent to participants (intrinsic motivation, integrated regulation, identified regulation, introjected regulation, and external regulation). An independent samples t-test was performed to assess …

The Transmission Of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Kunjal Patel, Aleesha Thomas

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

The existence of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OPSCC) has recently been found to have correlations with the Human Papillomavirus. HPV-associated OPSCC exhibits a unique method of infection and transmission and has made this branch an emerging disease in the recent decade. This systematic review of the literature was conducted to further explore research into Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Cancer (OPSCC). Commonly referred to as “throat cancer”, this growth originates in the oropharynx. Symptoms of this condition include sore throat, lumps in the neck, and difficulty with swallowing. OPSCC has many variants but has shown a strong association with Human Papillomavirus (HPV), …

Zika Virus Microcephaly: Predicting The Symptoms Of Microcephaly So Families Can Prepare, Eleanor J. Wind

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

Microcephaly is a rare congenital defect where the circumference of an infants head is smaller than average. The cause is unknown and the risk factors and symptoms of microcephaly are wide ranging. One risk factor is exposure during pregnancy to viruses such as the Zika virus.. A recent study was conducted on infants who were born with Zika virus Microcephaly following the Zika outbreak in Brazil. The researchers conducted MRI scans and developmental testing. Then an algorithm to predict behavioral outcomes of Zika Virus Microcephaly was successfully created. This research will benefit caretakers of infants with Zika virus Microcephaly by …

History Of Clover Leaf Syndrome, Isabella Perez

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

The purpose of this paper is to summarize the history of clover leaf syndrome and describe the newest advancements made to treat it. Clover leaf syndrome is more formally referred to as Kleeblattschadel syndrome. Information was gathered from several scholarly, peer-reviewed articles, and was condensed down into the key takeaways. This syndrome impacts the formation of the skull due to premature fusion of its sutures, creating a tri-lobar skull that resembles a clover leaf. This premature fusion is referred to as a type of craniosynostosis and has been linked to causing several other health complications ranging in severity. This is …

Recent Studies In The Surgical Treatment Of Tetralogy Of Fallot, Emma C. Gardner

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

No abstract provided.

Revolutionizing Esophageal Atresia Treatment: Newly Approved Technique To Bypass Surgery, Gabriella Llorente

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

Esophageal atresia (EA) is a rare congenital defect where the esophagus, during the early stages of development, does not fully form. This causes there to be no connection between the oral cavity and the stomach. Complications with EA treatment come into play when there is a long gap between the two segments of the esophagus, meaning they cannot simply be sewed together using anastomosis. A new device called Flourish has recently been approved by the FDA and may be a new and more humanitarian approach to solving long gap esophageal atresia in infants.

Encephaloceles: A Comprehensive Exploration Of Research, Causes, Prevention, And Innovative Approaches To Diagnosis And Treatment, Amanda N. Bautista

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

Encephaloceles, a rare medical condition derived from Greek words meaning "brain hernia," involve the protrusion of brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, or membranes through a defect in the skull. These anomalies often present at birth and can occur in various locations on the skull. Recent research has shed light on the possible causes of encephaloceles, including genetic factors such as the Sonic Hedgehog pathway and inadequate folic acid intake during pregnancy. Folic acid is essential for proper neural tube closure during fetal development, making it a key preventive measure.

Emerging treatments for encephaloceles show promise, with a focus on mesenchymal stem …