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2023

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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Influences On Influenza Vaccine Uptake Among Older Lebanese Adults, Doha D'Agostini Jan 2023

Influences On Influenza Vaccine Uptake Among Older Lebanese Adults, Doha D'Agostini

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Influenza is a viral infection that is globally transmitted and that increases the risk for infectious diseases, hospitalization, and morbidity and mortality, especially among the older adult population. Although influenza vaccines are recommended in several countries, influenza vaccine hesitancy remains a challenge. In Lebanon, there is minimal research related to older adults’ attitudes and perceptions associated with influenza vaccination. To explore older Lebanese adults’ vaccination experiences and perceptions of the factors that affect their influenza vaccine uptake, a qualitative investigation was conducted. The theory of planned behaviors served as the theoretical framework for the study. A thematic analysis was conducted …


Occupational Therapists’ Perspectives On Using The Physical Environment In Skilled Nursing Facilities, Jennie L. Digrado Jan 2023

Occupational Therapists’ Perspectives On Using The Physical Environment In Skilled Nursing Facilities, Jennie L. Digrado

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Occupational therapists (OTs) are among the health care professionals who assist individuals with neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) to engage in self-care and leisure skills in a skilled nursing facility (SNF) environment. Although the SNF environment has been researched, a gap exists regarding how OTs use the built environment to help clients with a NCD engage in self-care and leisure-related activities. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to understand how OTs use the physical environment in a SNF to help individuals with a NCD engage in self-care and leisure related activities. The conceptual framework that guided this study was the …


Tuberculosis-Associated Knowledge, Stigma, And Health Seeking Behavior Among Traders In Onitsha Main Market, Anambra State, Nigeria, Benedeth N. Ezeosim Jan 2023

Tuberculosis-Associated Knowledge, Stigma, And Health Seeking Behavior Among Traders In Onitsha Main Market, Anambra State, Nigeria, Benedeth N. Ezeosim

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The utilization of tuberculosis (TB) health care services in a Nigerian state has not been optimal. Many residents do not utilize available health care resources when they experience symptoms of TB. Although much is known about the determinants of health seeking behavior (HSB), there is a gap on how TB knowledge and TB related stigma among traders in one main market contribute to HSB. This study examined the effect of TB knowledge and TB related stigma on HSB among traders. The health stigma and discrimination and health belif models served as the theoretical foundation. A quantitative cross-sectional analytical survey design …


A Nursing Staff Education Module On Survivorship Care Plans In Primary Care, Janette Francis Jan 2023

A Nursing Staff Education Module On Survivorship Care Plans In Primary Care, Janette Francis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Survivorship care plans (SCPs) bridge the gap in the transition of care from oncology to primary care providers (PCPs) for breast cancer survivors. Despite strong recommendations for SCPs, their use remains limited. Guided by Knowles’ adult learning theory, the project focused on, first, determining whether a predeveloped staff education activity was valid using the Lynn model criteria for validation. Second, if in a rural clinic where SCP were not consistently used providers, nurses, and staff knowledge regarding the importance of SCP would increase following an educational program. An expert panel of 5 educational experts validated the educational module for appropriateness …


Lockdowns During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Domestic Violence Among Virginians, Kenneth G. Gordon Jan 2023

Lockdowns During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Domestic Violence Among Virginians, Kenneth G. Gordon

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThe domestic violence (DV) dilemma spans millennia and has devastated individuals, families, and societies. DV prevalence rose between 20% and 50% worldwide and over 5% among Virginians since early 2020 during COVID-19. Abuse victims’ vulnerability increased during the lockdown periods due to the extended time spent with perpetrators. DV victims visited emergency departments for their nonfatal physical injuries. The purpose of the study was to examine COVID-19-related lockdown effects on DV prevalence, perpetrator characteristics, and hospitalizations among Virginians. Bronfenbrenner’s socioecological model served as the theoretical foundation. Descriptive analyses showed that DV prevalence among Virginians rose from 37.5% in 2019 to …


Perceived Factors Of Intimate Partner Violence On Women Diagnosed With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Angela M. Halcovich Jan 2023

Perceived Factors Of Intimate Partner Violence On Women Diagnosed With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Angela M. Halcovich

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent diagnosis, and many human and social services professionals strive to understand its components, to ensure that they serve the population properly. However, little is known about how PTSD may influence women’s vulnerabilities to and future experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV). Emphasizing relationship coaching, which provides tools to foster healthy relationships, within the therapeutic curricula on rehabilitation for women with PTSD may result in reduced chances to experience IPV as women integrate back into their everyday life after being diagnosed and treated for PTSD. The purpose of this generic qualitative study was to …


Help-Seeking Behaviors And Employment Hope Among Depressed Black Male Foster Care Alumni, Vanessa Jennings Jan 2023

Help-Seeking Behaviors And Employment Hope Among Depressed Black Male Foster Care Alumni, Vanessa Jennings

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Traumatic depression is a system of experiences where the mind, heart, and gut track happenings lingering among systemic models of prevention and intervention and personal stories. This nonexperimental correlational study aimed to provide insights into mental help-seeking and employment hope among depressed Black/African American foster care male alums. The central research question was to what degree, if any, a positive relationship exists between employment hope and seeking access to mental health-related services among male foster care alums who identify with depression. It was hypothesized that a statistically significant relationship exists. The social cognitive career theory and theory of planned behavior …


Occupational Risk Perceptions Among Foreign-Born Construction Workers In Central Florida, Matthew Edison Law Jan 2023

Occupational Risk Perceptions Among Foreign-Born Construction Workers In Central Florida, Matthew Edison Law

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Hispanic and Latino foreign-born construction workers in the United States experience higher rates of serious injuries and fatalities in the workplace than their native-born peers. Previous research has pointed to specific vulnerabilities among this population, including birthplace, age of the worker, language barriers, and education level, but little to no research has examined addressable risk factors, such as occupational risk perceptions, among this population. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine the relationship between birthplace, number of years working in the United States, and occupational risk perceptions while controlling for age of the worker, language barriers, and education …


Experiences Of New Graduate Nurses Who Transitioned To Practice Using Virtual Conferencing Software, Sara Moran Jan 2023

Experiences Of New Graduate Nurses Who Transitioned To Practice Using Virtual Conferencing Software, Sara Moran

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Orientation is a pivotal moment for new graduate nurses as they transition into the acute care setting. The COVID-19 pandemic changed in-person orientation to virtual orientation, but little is known about the experiences of new graduate nurses who attended the virtual orientation process. The purpose of this qualitative interpretive descriptive study, guided by Duchscher’s theory and the technology adaptation model 2, was to understand the experiences of new graduate nurses who transitioned to practice utilizing video-based conference software for nursing orientation. Twelve new graduate nurses were interviewed using virtual conferencing software. Data were analyzed using interpretive description and then were …


The Correlation Between Nurse Staffing And Quality Of Care Outcomes Within Nursing Homes In Mississippi, Nyeshia Nelson Jan 2023

The Correlation Between Nurse Staffing And Quality Of Care Outcomes Within Nursing Homes In Mississippi, Nyeshia Nelson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The U.S. population aged 65 years old and older is steadily increasing. Some of thispopulation resides in nursing homes; thus, the necessity for quality care provided in nursing homes has increased. Consistent, quality care remains a constant challenge for the government, nursing home administrators, health care consumers, and researchers. Nurse staffing has been identified as a critical structural measure that affects the quality of care and outcomes in nursing homes. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the relationship between nurse staffing and quality of care outcomes in Mississippi’s nursing homes. Donabedian’s structure, process, and outcome (SPO) model …


The Experiences Of Women In The Healthcare Profession With Alcohol Use During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Amber Olsen Jan 2023

The Experiences Of Women In The Healthcare Profession With Alcohol Use During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Amber Olsen

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Women have severe health risks associated with drinking alcohol long-term and excessively. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the lived experience of women in healthcare positions regarding alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was informed by the theory of planned behavior. Semistructured interviews were used to gather information from participants based on their firsthand experiences with alcohol usage. Understanding women’s attitudes toward alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic can improve intervention. Data were analyzed using an inductive, thematic procedure. Participants associated their own use of alcohol with socialization, and all participants reported that they regarded …


Factors Impacting College Students’ Receipt Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination, Joy Yvette Payne Jan 2023

Factors Impacting College Students’ Receipt Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination, Joy Yvette Payne

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Less than half of U. S. students entering college have had a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, placing them at risk for HPV-related cancers. This study’s purpose was to identify predictors of HPV vaccination initiation in college students. Andersen’s behavioral model of health services use was used to examine the differences in predisposing, enabling, and need factors in U.S. college students ages 18–26 years who received an initial HPV vaccination in college compared to those who never received an HPV vaccination. The study was a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design using multivariable logistic regression for data analyses. Data were collected through an …


African American Women’S Experiences Coping With Stress Through Community-Based Services, Delisa V. Procks Jan 2023

African American Women’S Experiences Coping With Stress Through Community-Based Services, Delisa V. Procks

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Few studies have studied how community-based services (CBS) work to mitigate the strong Black woman image (SBWI) coping mechanism for Black women to improve their mental health. The purpose of this generic, qualitative study was to understand the experiences of 10 African American women, ages 18 and older, who identified with the SBWI and had received CBS to address their stress-related coping strategies. Transactional theory of coping with stress and the SBWI approach was used as the framework to help explain how stress in terms of the SBWI impacted the response of the African American women within their environment. Data …


Education To Increase Nurse Knowledge And Compliance With Social Determinants Of Health Screening, Bonnie Rieger Jan 2023

Education To Increase Nurse Knowledge And Compliance With Social Determinants Of Health Screening, Bonnie Rieger

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

To provide holistic care and ensure positive patient health outcomes, the social determinants of health (SDOH) must be addressed. Research demonstrates that while medical care is a contributor to wellness, the SDOH serve an influential role in patient health outcomes. There is limited literature describing how to best educate practicing nurses about SDOH concepts. The purpose of this DNP project was to provide an educational intervention to increase inpatient staff nursing knowledge of the SDOH. Sources of evidence used to create the education module included scholarly literature describing the SDOH concepts and their application to patient, community, and population health. …


Perception Of Effective Leadership Concerning Nurse Satisfaction And Intent To Leave, Tina Marie Rose Jan 2023

Perception Of Effective Leadership Concerning Nurse Satisfaction And Intent To Leave, Tina Marie Rose

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Nurses are an essential part of patient care, and improving retention is important to quality outcomes and the cost of care. An integral aspect of nurse retention is job satisfaction, which may relate to communication provided by organizational leadership. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine if there was a relationship between perceived effective leadership, nurse job satisfaction, and nurse turnover intent. This potential relationship between leadership communication and nurse turnover was studied with the competing values framework as the theoretical structure. The two research questions addressed the independent variables of perceived effective leadership in a hospital setting …


Relationship Between Nurse Managers’ Cultural Humility Practices And Nurse Retention, Jessica Scharfenberg Jan 2023

Relationship Between Nurse Managers’ Cultural Humility Practices And Nurse Retention, Jessica Scharfenberg

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Some hospital administrators experience yearly loss of human capital, resulting in economic and noneconomic consequences that require resource reallocation to sustain operations. Grounded in the cultural humility theory, the purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between nurses’ perceptions of their nurse managers’ (a) openness, (b) self-awareness, (c) egolessness, (d) self-reflection and critique, (e) supportive interaction, and nurse turnover intention. Participants included 142 registered nurses working in the Midwest United States. Data were collected using Foronda’s Cultural Humility Scale and the Michigan Organizational Assessment Questionnaire. Results of multiple regression analysis indicated the model could significantly predict …


Clinical Research Principal Investigators’ Perspectives Of Improving The Diversity Of Clinical Research Participants, Nadine Hyacinth Spring Jan 2023

Clinical Research Principal Investigators’ Perspectives Of Improving The Diversity Of Clinical Research Participants, Nadine Hyacinth Spring

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Clinical trials are needed to make new medications, devices, and diagnostic tools available. Participants in these clinical trials have historically come from a homogeneous group, and there is a recognized need for increased diversity and representation in these clinical research studies. The absence of diversity in clinical trials makes it difficult for clinicians and researchers to know which medications and devices are safe and effective for specific populations. This basic qualitative phenomenological study was conducted to explore the experiences of clinical research principal investigators regarding diversity in clinical research studies and how to improve it. The theoretical framework for this …


Parents’ Perceptions Of The Traits, Characteristics, And Circumstances Of Modern-Day Mass Shooters, Matt Talbot Jan 2023

Parents’ Perceptions Of The Traits, Characteristics, And Circumstances Of Modern-Day Mass Shooters, Matt Talbot

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is little research on parents’ perceptions about the traits, characteristics, and circumstances ascribed to mass shooters and the sources of information shaping these perceptions. Understanding parents’ beliefs about mass shooters and mass shootings can serve to inform approaches to training and education and recommendations for media reporting on such events. Evidence-based knowledge helps parents become more equipped to serve as early interventionists for those who may be moving along a pathway of violence. Application of Gerbner’s cultivation theory frames the process by which media sources shape perceptions. In this phenomenological qualitative study, semi structured interviews were conducted with 19 …


Sub-Saharan African Immigrants’ Experiences In Utilizing Mental Health Services In Baltimore, Helen Tanwani Jan 2023

Sub-Saharan African Immigrants’ Experiences In Utilizing Mental Health Services In Baltimore, Helen Tanwani

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractMental illness is associated with poor quality of life evidenced by unemployment, homelessness, and substance abuse. Despite the adverse effects of mental illness, research has indicated that mental health-seeking behaviors and experiences in accessing mental health services among immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa are under-researched. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences of sub-Saharan African immigrants in accessing mental health services in Baltimore, Maryland. To achieve the objective of this study, a descriptive research study was conducted utilizing semistructured one-on-one in-depth interviews with eight sub-Saharan African immigrants in Baltimore. Braun and Clarke’s six-step thematic data analysis approach …


Role Of Racially Concordant Patient-Physician Relationships In Health Outcomes Among African American Women, Joy Thomas Jan 2023

Role Of Racially Concordant Patient-Physician Relationships In Health Outcomes Among African American Women, Joy Thomas

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract There are gaps in the literature regarding how patient-physician racially concordant relationships affect African American women’s health. This quantitative study evaluated the effects of non-minority physician influence on the perceptions of medical mistrust, racial discrimination, and healthcare-specific racial discrimination on African American women. The behavioral model for vulnerable populations guided the study. Two research questions involved understanding the relationship between trust in the physician scale and medical mistrust and the association between racial discrimination and perceived healthcare-specific racial discrimination among African American women living in a Southern U.S. state. A stratified random sampling strategy was used to obtain a …


Strategies To Mitigate Inappropriate Test Utilization By Physicians To Improve Efficiency In A Healthcare Setting, Christine C. Wood Jan 2023

Strategies To Mitigate Inappropriate Test Utilization By Physicians To Improve Efficiency In A Healthcare Setting, Christine C. Wood

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Inappropriate test utilization by physicians for clinical decision-making in patient care is a significant problem facing some healthcare leaders. Healthcare leaders are concerned about inappropriate test utilization because it can increase healthcare costs and degrade patient outcomes. Grounded in the complex adaptive system and Lean Six Sigma conceptual frameworks, the purpose of this qualitative single-case study was to identify strategies seven hospital leaders in Maryland and Washington, DC. who implemented successful test utilization strategies for physicians. Data were collected from semistructured virtual interviews and organizational reports and analyzed using Yin’s 5 step process. Five themes emerged: (a) continuing physician education, …


The Role Of Family Support In The Relationship Between Childhood Obesity And The Number Of Days Bullied In Trinidad, Sharon Antoine-Mills Jan 2023

The Role Of Family Support In The Relationship Between Childhood Obesity And The Number Of Days Bullied In Trinidad, Sharon Antoine-Mills

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is limited data on childhood obesity and the number of days bullied in Trinidad and Tobago. This study examined the association between childhood obesity and the number of days an obese child has been bullied in Trinidad in the past 30 days, with family support as a moderator. The theoretical framework for this study was Bronfenbrenner’s social-ecological model, which posits that a child’s microsystems are instrumental in influencing their behaviors. A self-administered low-cost 2017 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) was used for this cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 2,229 school adolescents 13 to 17 years of age. Childhood …


Experience Of Established Mental Health Counselors Working With Adults Who Have Intellectual Disabilities, Margarete Denk Jan 2023

Experience Of Established Mental Health Counselors Working With Adults Who Have Intellectual Disabilities, Margarete Denk

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Individuals with disabilities make up the largest minority population in the United States. Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) make up a significant portion of this population, yet there are limited studies addressing counseling with the I/DD population. The Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs has addressed the need for disability competence in their upcoming 2024 standards. The purpose of the phenomenological study was to describe lived experiences of established counselors working with adult clients diagnosed with an I/DD. A descriptive phenomenological approach was used along with the social model of disability. The study involved six …


Disparate Access To Medical Coverage Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Care In Low-Income And Rural Communities In Georgia, Crystal Alexis Symone Edwards Jan 2023

Disparate Access To Medical Coverage Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Care In Low-Income And Rural Communities In Georgia, Crystal Alexis Symone Edwards

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Disparate access to diabetes care in rural and low-income communities among older adults has been an ongoing issue among Americans. Type 2 diabetes in low-income and rural communities has continuously burdened many residents due to age, costs of care, income, geographic location, and education levels. Researchers have demonstrated that providing resources and tools to rural and low-income communities would assist in decreasing type 2 diabetes and increase education and awareness. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study using secondary data was to examine the relationship between health insurance status and lack of access to health care resources and delay of …


Fall Risk Among Older Adults: Major Risk Factors, Primary Assessment Tools, And The Influence Of Medications, Marie Roseann Jensen Jan 2023

Fall Risk Among Older Adults: Major Risk Factors, Primary Assessment Tools, And The Influence Of Medications, Marie Roseann Jensen

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Fall risk among older adult is a worldwide public health problem. As the older adult population is continuing to increase, addressing this issue is critical. Several fall risk assessment tools have been designed to help predict various risk factors. Among these assessment tools is the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model (HIIFRM). This tool uses evidence-based risk factors including mental status, sex, functional status, and whether the patient is taking antileptics and/or benzodiazepines. The purpose of this paper is to validate the HFRM, explore additional variables that increase the likelihood of falling including both past falls and the number of prescription …


Role Of Cysteine Redox State In Altering The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition In Lung Cancer, Md Anisur Rahman Jan 2023

Role Of Cysteine Redox State In Altering The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition In Lung Cancer, Md Anisur Rahman

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is a process by which cancer cells increase their capability for metastasis. EMT involves conversion of epithelial cells into a mesenchymal phenotype which makes cancer cells more invasive and motile. Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among different types of cancers globally. Lung cancer exists in various types, the most prevalent of which is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Several factors, including oxidative stress, can induce EMT in cancer cells. However, the mechanism of how reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced changes in cysteine redox state affect EMT remains elusive. Our studies aim to understand this mechanism by inducing …


Investigating Bzip Recognition Of Dna Sequences Through A Knob-Socket Perspective, Aaron Tran Jan 2023

Investigating Bzip Recognition Of Dna Sequences Through A Knob-Socket Perspective, Aaron Tran

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

To investigate whether higher order packing interactions confer protein-DNA specificity, a modified Knob-Socket (KS) model was used to analyze the interface of bZIP-DNA crystal structures. The KS analysis identified a nine-residue quadripartite recognition core consisting of four contiguous KS pockets P1, P2, N3, and N4 that each pack one of the four DNA half-site bases in the target sequence. Only one base per base pair packs, and these interactions are split across the DNA strands: the first two positive strand positions 1p and 2p pack into P1 and P2 while the last two negative strand positions 3n and 4n pack …


Exercise Behavior And Recreational Sports Participation Predicts Academic Success In University Students, Natalie Matian Jan 2023

Exercise Behavior And Recreational Sports Participation Predicts Academic Success In University Students, Natalie Matian

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Most universities offer fitness and recreational opportunities. Few prospective studies have measured the effect of those services on academic outcomes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise behavior and recreational sport participation on student success. We tracked 1,507 students at a private D1 university for 4 years. Upon completion of the 2017-2018 academic year, we exported a registry of every undergraduate student who accessed the university fitness center. We documented how often students swiped into the recreation facility and participated in group exercise classes, personal training sessions, and rock tower usage; these served as independent …


Evaluation Of Human Stem Cell-Derived Neurons In 2d And 3d Cultures For Neurodevelopmental Studies, Epilepsy Disease Modeling And Drug Discovery, Hamed Salmanzadeh-Dozdabi Jan 2023

Evaluation Of Human Stem Cell-Derived Neurons In 2d And 3d Cultures For Neurodevelopmental Studies, Epilepsy Disease Modeling And Drug Discovery, Hamed Salmanzadeh-Dozdabi

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Human stem cells have revolutionized the study of early neural development, offering a powerful tool to investigate the complex processes involved in the formation of the nervous system. In this study, the human pluripotent stem cell line, TERA2.cl.SP12, was utilized to derive neuroglial cells and to determine their differentiation and functional maturation up to one year in culture; this model was then investigated as a new tool for the study of neurodevelopmental toxicity, for seizure modeling and as a screening method for the investigation of new anticonvulsants. Immunocytochemistry experiments determined that non-differentiated cells expressed the stem cell marker Oct-3/4 and, …


Targeting Ribonucleotide Reductase For Breast Cancer Treatment, Nahid Sultana Jan 2023

Targeting Ribonucleotide Reductase For Breast Cancer Treatment, Nahid Sultana

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer in the world. Hormone receptor (HR) positive breast cancer (BC) is a prevalent disease accounting for approximately 2 million new cases globally. Almost 70-80% of breast cancer patients are women with a positive score for the estrogen receptor (ER). Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) which have a negative score for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) is considered an aggressive histological breast cancer subtype with limited treatment options.Frequently, doxorubicin (DOXO)-based chemotherapy is utilized in this patient population due to the lack of …