Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Assessment Of Outcome Of Cochlear Implant In Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder Using Speech In Noise Test, Ahmed Mostafa, Sameh Nazmi Siam, Azza Abdel Aziz Azzam, Hanaa Fadel

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction: Children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) generally struggle with auditory and language treatment, and cochlear implants' (CIs') outcomes can be unpredictable. environmental noise. The speech discrimination ability is the main complaint of those patients especially in background Objective: Assessment of the ability of young children diagnosed with ANSD who underwent CI in one ear to discriminate speech by using "speech in noise test" with 0 Signal to noise ratio (S/N) and comparing them with matched children with severe to profound sensori-neural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: The study was conducted on 27 children who received "unilateral" CI of different …

Outcome Of Different Treatment Methods In Patients With Tinnitus And Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction, Sanaa Mahran Mohamed Andeil, Anwar Moawad Elbatawy, Zienab Shalaby Farid Shalaby

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction: Otology symptoms can be the presenting complain among patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. The ear symptoms related to Temporomandibular joint dysfunction are hearing loss and tinnitus. Tinnitus related to TMJ dysfunction is referred to as a type of somatic tinnitus, and it is caused by a musculoskeletal problem, which should be investigated with different methods of treatment to increase the best efficiency of treatment. Objective: Evaluation of different outcomes of different treatment modalities for patients with tinnitus and TMJ dysfunction by using the advantage of Tinnitus Retraining Therapy versus night guard and medication to determine which of these …

Effect Of Empagliflozin Metformin With Clomiphene Citrate Versus Metformin With Clomiphene Citrate On Cases Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Diaa Shams Eldin El Gohary, Mohammed Mohammed Ismail, Ahmed Mahmoud El Khayat, Sherin Barakat Elbohoty

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age associated with long-term metabolic and cardiovascular consequences. Aim and objectives: In this research, we aimed to assess the impact of Empagliflozin Metformin with Clomiphene Citrate versus Metformin with Clomiphene Citrate on weight reduction and its impact on folliculometry and ovarian volume in cases of Polycyctic Ovary Syndrome. Subjects and Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial; in which 150 Patients were being randomly assigned into two equal groups; Group A: 75 cases received empagliflozin metformin 12.5/500 mg Continously once daily plus clomiphene citrate 50 mg …

Community-Acquired Pneumonia Among Hospitalized Children: Risk Factors, Characteristics, And Outcomes, Marwa Taha, Hanaa Abdel-Wahab

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) represents one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity among under-five children worldwide. More than 75% of these fatalities are caused by severe pneumonia. Objectives to identify the potential risk factors associated with severe CAP among under-five children hospitalized with CAP. Patients and Methods This prospective observational study was conducted on children, aged 1 to 59 months, who were admitted with CAP to the Department of Pediatrics, Mataria Teaching Hospital, Egypt. Based on World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, patients were classified into two groups; CAP and severe CAP. Data including demographic, children's history, clinical assessment, …

A Rare Case Of Fahr’S Disease, Kesar Prajapati, Vishakha Vinod, Sumit Bochiwal

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Fahr’s syndrome, a rare syndrome, is characterized by symmetrical and bilateral intracranial calcifications. A 23-year-old male patient presented with generalized tonic–clonic convulsion and muscle cramps for 1 month. The patient’s blood counts, blood sugar levels, serum sodium, and serum potassium were normal. Computed tomography scan of the brain revealed bilateral symmetrical hyperdensities, suggestive of calcification in globus pallidus, putamen, thalami, caudate and dentate nuclei of the cerebellum, and subcortical white matter of both cerebral hemispheres. The findings were suggestive of Fahr’s disease. His serum ionized calcium levels were low with high phosphate levels (with increased parathormone levels), suggesting the association …

Saphenous Vein Harvesting With Endoscopy Versus No-Touch Technique: Short-Term Results, Tamer El Bannaa, Mohamed M. Mohamed, Ahmed Zayed, Yasser A. Sadek

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective ‘No-touch’ (NT) saphenous vein harvesting maintains vasa vasorum, resulting in less medial ischemic affection, which leads to improved short-term and long-term patency. However, it may also be associated with a higher rate of wound complications. Endovascular vein harvesting (EVH) has a low rate of wound complications but also a tendency toward a lower patency rate. The aim was to compare wound complications and short-term symptomatic relief, which could be an indication of functioning grafts. Patients and methods During a 2-year period (2018–2019), in a nonrandomized prospective study, we monitored patients after coronary artery bypass graft for recurrence of ischemic …

Voice Quality Assessment In Cases Of Vocal Fold Gaps After Single Growth Factor Injection, Amr Roushdyel Badrawy, Asmaa Abdel Hamid, Israa Eltaweel, Azza Abdel Aziz Azzam

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

In severe vocal fold (VF) lesions, deposits of disorganized, thick collagen bundles and little hyaluronic acid (HA) are deposited in the superficial layer of lamina propria (SLP). These changes lead to severe dysphonia and aspiration, which could be complicated by fatal pneumonia. Unfortunately, no specific treatment has been recognized due to unpredictable VF regeneration. Current progress in regenerative medicine has allowed the development of tissue engineering techniques using cells, scaffolds, and growth factors (GFs). Extrinsic GFs application could help in the induction of the regenerative process. The work aims to assess the voice quality after a single GF injection of …

The Passing Board, John Fitzgerald

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

For my Honors Research Project I am taking a more personal route and looking to solve a childhood question/issue by designing a board that is small and easy to transport while also giving the best bounce pass possible. My proposed project would be a board that a soccer player can play a bounce pass onto and receive the ball from. The base of this design sounds simple enough, however, I would like to implement a way that the board can be adjusted to alter the angle of return of the soccer ball after the bounce. I also want to design …

The Effects Of Exercise On Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Julia Hofacker

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This Honors Research Project will look at the impact of various types of exercise on the speech, language, and behavior of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. The goal of this research project is to determine how exercise can be implemented into speech and therapy programs in order to better improve the communication skills of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. To accomplish this, recent studies and publications will be analyzed to compare traditional therapy methods and therapy methods that include exercise. These studies will provide data on how various types of exercise impacted adolescents with autism spectrum disorder speech, language, behavior, …

Effectiveness Of Speech Intervention Methods In Children With Speech Delays, Andrea Noel, Rachel Windemuth, Brett Porter

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Speech delays in children is a common issue that can be treated by a wide variety of interventions. Our PICOT question is, in children, ages six months to thirteen years, with speech/language delays, how does the addition of innovative and supplemental interventions, compared with standard interventions alone, effect improvements in the delays. All three group members have known someone who has suffered from a speech delay, and we want to research the best possible methods to overcome that obstacle to answer our questions, we will begin to take on the task of creating and writing a systematic review. This review …

The Accuracy Of Recreational Athletes In Self Detecting Ventilation Threshold During A Maximal Exercise Test, Andrew Biegner

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

INTRODUCTION: Ventilatory threshold (VT) is where minute ventilation (VE) increases nonlinearly with increasing exercise intensity. Prior studies have shown that subjects can recognize VT by changes in breathing during exercise. Teaching recreational athletes to use VT as a training method could result in better quality training. PURPOSE: Determine if recreational athletes can accurately perceive changes in ventilation associated with VT during maximal exercise testing. METHODS: Subjects were recruited (n=20, age= 20.5 ± 1.7 yrs.) to participate in the study. Subjects performed a modified maximal treadmill protocol with gas analysis. Subjects indicated when they noticed a considerable change …

Knockout Of Endospanin 1 Via Crispr In Zebrafish, Danio Rerio, Jared Kittinger

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

I made endospanin 1 knockout (KO) zebrafish to examine its effects on lipid and bone metabolism. Endospanin 1, or leptin receptor overlapping transcript (leprot), is a cytosolic protein linked to the protein hormone leptin that influences the trafficking of leptin receptors to the plasma membrane of cells. Genes for endospanin and tyrosinase (a pigmentation enzyme) were targeted via a microinjection of guide RNAs and CRISPR Cas9 into zebrafish embryos at 2-4 cell stages. I was able to disrupt the endospanin 1 gene (based upon the disruption of tyrosinase), but very few mutant zebrafish fully developed into adults. Only low KO …

Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Increased Water Treatment Plant Service Goals On Reducing Water Quality Risk, Briton Polen, Kendra Sanner

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

To treat water to make it safe to drink, disinfection processes are used in water treatment plants. These disinfection processes produce disinfection byproducts (DBPs) through the reaction of organic matter and the disinfectant, such as chlorine. DBPs have been shown to pose a cancer risk to consumers. In this report, the focus is on two types of DBPs, trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). The cancer risks associated with DBPs are analyzed through ingestion and inhalation pathways. Ingestion and inhalation consist of common water uses like drinking, cooking, or bathing. In addition to this, DBPs have been shown to increase …

Mouthpiece For Patients With Neuromuscular Disorders, Rebekah Starkey, Carissa Thompson, Michael Dickens, Andrew Pero

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Neuromuscular Disorders (NMDs) impact people throughout the world. An early hallmark of these disorders includes some degree of facial muscle weakness. Respiratory testing is important to evaluate the progression of these patients’ NMDs. However, these tests require that the patient purses their lips around a mouthpiece to create a tight seal. This is a difficult task for one with facial muscle degeneration. This often leads to results that fail to reflect the patient’s true respiratory ability and prevents their physician from providing the appropriate degree of care. The objective of this project was to develop a face mask or mouthpiece …

The Association Between Inflammatory Diet And Infection-Related Cancers In Adults: A Systematic Review, Alfu Laily, Jason B. Reed, Madeline Q. Powers, Anna Giuliano, Monica Kasting

Libraries Faculty and Staff Supplemental Materials

Poster presented at the 2023 American Academy of Health Behavior conference. Presents preliminary results of a systematic review investigating the relationship between inflammatory dietary patterns and infection-related cancers in adults.

Usability Evaluation Of A Community Pharmacy Health Information Exchange Interface Prototype, Katelyn N. Hettinger, Margie E. Snyder, Omolola A. Adeoye-Olatunde, Alissa L. Russ-Jara

Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty Publications

Objective
Few community pharmacies have access to health information exchange (HIE) data. We conducted a first-of-its-kind usability evaluation of an HIE interface prototype (referred to throughout as the “HIE-Pioneer mock-up”) developed with pharmacists and pharmacy technicians to aid future implementation in community pharmacies.

Methods
Community pharmacists and pharmacy technicians were recruited to complete usability evaluations with the HIE-Pioneer mock-up. Each usability evaluation lasted up to 60 minutes. System usability scale (SUS) scores were collected from each participant following each usability evaluation session and summarized with descriptive statistics. Usability evaluation videos were reviewed for common usability attributes, such as the impact …

Disparities In Medicare Beneficiaries’ Receiving Medication Synchronization, Prajakta H. Waghmare, Chien-Yu Huang, Heather A. Jaynes, Wendy M. Green, Margie E. Snyder, Omolola A. Adeoye-Olatunde, Antoinette B. Coe, Joel F. Farley, Alan Zillich

Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty Publications

Background

Medication synchronization (med-sync) aligns patients’ monthly or quarterly chronic medications to a predetermined single pickup date at a community pharmacy. The study objective was to examine med-sync enrollment disparities based on Medicare beneficiaries’ predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study using a Medicare dataset of beneficiaries receiving medications from pharmacies that self-identified as providing med-sync. Medicare beneficiaries who were continuously enrolled in fee-for-service medical and pharmacy benefits during the study period (2014–2016) were included. Study cohorts (med-sync and non–med-sync patients) were defined, and bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Andersen’s Health …

An Examination Of The Role Of Adrenergic Receptor Stimulation In Mediating The Link Between Early-Life Stress And The Sensitization Of Neuroinflammatory-Based Depressive-Like Behavior In Isolated Guinea Pig Pups, Rachel Renate Kessler

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Early-life stress appears to sensitize neuroinflammatory signaling to increase later vulnerability for stress-related mental disorders. How stress initiates this process is unknown, but sympathetic nervous system activation during the early stress may be key. Isolated guinea pig pups display inflammatory-mediated depressive-like behavior and fever that sensitize on repeated isolation. We assessed whether sympathetic nervous system activity contributed to the sensitization process in guinea pig pups. In Experiment 1, the adrenergic agonist ephedrine, either alone or with cortisol, did not increase depressive-like behavior or fever during an initial isolation the following day. In Experiment 2, both depressive-like behavior and fever sensitized …

It's Never Too Soon! Comparing Intercultural Learning Outcomes Of Undergraduate Students Via Face-To-Face And Online Teaching Modalities, Aparajita Jaiswal, Christi Masters, Lan Jin, Tanvin Inani, Annika Schenkel, Muna Sapkota, Lata Krishnan

Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications

Purpose: Providing culturally responsive care for a diverse patient population is critical for future speech-language pathologists and audiologists. Prior studies have shown gains in intercultural competence (ICC) from study abroad programs, face-to-face classes, and online courses; however, limited studies have investigated differences between face-to-face and online modes of delivery in speech-language pathology and audiology. The purpose of this study was (a) to evaluate whether there are quantitative differences in development of ICC in a direct comparison of a face-to-face and 100% asynchronous online introductory in communication dis-orders, and (b) to describe participants learning through the structural intercultural learning activities embedded …

The Heads-Ed: A Psychosocial Screening For Pediatric Patients In Emergency Departments: A Systematic Review, Jessica Burns

Theses and Dissertations

The rates of mental health (MH) conditions among the pediatric population are rising steadily (Abramson, 2022; Clark et al., 2019). Given that MH symptoms and concerns frequently present in the emergency department (ED)-particularly since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic-the ED setting may be a practical and effective setting to implement screening measures to identify youth at risk for mental illness and suicide (Leeb et al., 2020; Leff et al., 2021). This integrative systematic review examined the extent to which the HEADS-ED, one specific psychosocial screening measure, has been administered in the ED setting with youth and which healthcare professionals …

Black Midwives For Black Mothers: Ameliorating Racial Disparities In The Quality Of Maternal Healthcare, Kimberly Navarro

Theses and Dissertations

In the United States, maternal mortality represents a dire health crisis with a stark racial imbalance. Black women are two and a half to three times more likely to die from pregnancy and birth-related complications than their White counterparts. Racial disparities in maternal health can be explained by variations in the quality of maternal healthcare services that women tend to receive. Racial and ethnic minority women are more likely to receive inferior quality prenatal care (PNC), which brings to question the care model of traditional PNC and its adequacy in serving the healthcare needs of Black women. Since Black women …

Experiences And Perceptions Of Bilingual Spanish-English Latinx Clients And Bilingual Spanish-English Latinx Therapists In Psychotherapy: A Systematic Review, Irvin I. Navarrete

Theses and Dissertations

As the bilingual Spanish-English Latinx population in the United States increases, so will the need for culturally and linguistically competent mental health therapists. While past research has focused on providing culturally competent care, the role of language in the process of psychotherapy has received limited attention. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the existing literature on bilingual Spanish-English Latinx clients’ and bilingual Spanish-English Latinx therapists’ experiences and perceptions within a bilingual psychotherapy setting and identify recommendations to enhance language proficiency. A systematic review was conducted and identified nine studies for inclusion. Results highlight seven themes focusing on bilingual Spanish-English Latinx …

Internal Medicine Interns' Perceived Preparation For Residency And Perceived Value Of Non-Surgical Ttr Course, Anthony Gaynier

Wayne State University Dissertations

Transition to residency (TTR) courses have become increasingly popular in medical schools. Yet there is limited data on interns’ perceived preparation for residency and the value of non-surgical TTR courses and their common components. Research has shown that TTR courses increase medical knowledge, clinical skills, and an increase in confidence in participants, but still incoming residents still do not feel prepared for the start of residency. Currently, there are only a few single institution studies researching interns’ perceived value of TTR courses.

This quantitative study surveyed internal medicine interns at five residency programs to find their preparation for residency, their …

The Mechanisms Of Trail Resistance In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Julio Macias Pimentel

Wayne State University Dissertations

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer that lacks targeted therapies. Previous studies have shown that TNBC cells are highly sensitive to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), making it a promising agent for treating TNBC. However, the development of TRAIL resistance limits its further clinical development, and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we report the role of PD-L1 and inflammation in TRAIL resistance. Specifically, we found that TRAIL treatment increases PD-L1 expression in TRAIL-sensitive cells and that basal PD-L1 expression is increased in acquired TRAIL-resistant cells. Mechanistically, we found …

Mechanistic Insights Into The Therapeutic Potential Of Adjunctive Thymosin Beta-4 Treatment In Pseudomonas Aeruginosa-Induced Keratitis, Yuxin Wang

Wayne State University Dissertations

Tβ4, a naturally occurring 43-amino acid protein, has been found to promote wound healing and reduce corneal inflammation. Topical Tβ4 as a therapeutic agent in conjunction with ciprofloxacin improves the outcome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced keratitis by regulating the cellular functions of PMNs and MΦs and enhancing the production of SPMs. Understanding the mechanisms of Tβ4 provides valuable insights and novel therapeutic potential for resolving disease pathogenesis not only in the cornea but also in other infectious and immune-regulated inflammatory conditions.

Shortness Of Breath In An Immunocompromised Patient, Bethany Langner, Hope Cain Lackey, Khalid Ameen, Farrah Ibrahim

UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations

2023 clinical vignette poster

Defining County-Level Terrestrial Rabies Freedom Using The Us National Rabies Surveillance System: Surveillance Data Analysis, Amber Kunkel, Gabriella Veytsel, Sarah C. Bonaparte, Haillie Meek, Xiaoyue Ma, Amy J. Davis, Jesse Bonwitt, Ryan M. Wallace

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Background: Rabies is a deadly zoonotic disease with nearly 100% fatality rate. In the United States, rabies virus persists in wildlife reservoirs, with occasional spillover into humans and domestic animals. The distribution of reservoir hosts in US counties plays an important role in public health decision-making, including the recommendation of lifesaving postexposure prophylaxis upon suspected rabies exposures. Furthermore, in surveillance data, it is difficult to discern whether counties have no cases reported because rabies was not present or because counties have an unreported rabies presence. These epizootics are monitored by the National Rabies Surveillance System (NRSS), to which approximately 130 …

Deriving Spatially Explicit Direct And Indirect Interaction Networks From Animal Movement Data, Anni Yang, Mark Q. Wilber, Kezia R. Manlove, Ryan S. Miller, Raoul Boughton, James Beasley, Joseph Northrup, Kurt C. Vercauteren, George Wittemyer, Kim Pepin

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Quantifying spatiotemporally explicit interactions within animal populations facilitates the understanding of social structure and its relationship with ecological processes. Data from animal tracking technologies (Global Positioning Systems [“GPS”]) can circumvent longstanding challenges in the estimation of spatiotemporally explicit interactions, but the discrete nature and coarse temporal resolution of data mean that ephemeral interactions that occur between consecutive GPS locations go undetected. Here, we developed a method to quantify individual and spatial patterns of interaction using continuous-time movement models (CTMMs) fit to GPS tracking data. We first applied CTMMs to infer the full movement trajectories at an arbitrarily fine temporal scale …

Long Term Changes In Aquaculture Influence Migration, Regional Abundance, And Distribution Of An Avian Species, Paul C. Burr, Brian S. Dorr, Jimmy L. Avery, Garrett M. Street, Bronson K. Strickland

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Agricultural development has been causing changes to the environment and the abundance and distribution of avian species. Agriculture is dynamic with changes in products occurring at large scales over relatively short time periods. The catfish aquaculture industry is one such agriculture industry that has undergone dramatic changes over the last 25 years. The double-crested cormorant (Nannopterum auritum) is a piscivorous bird that has an extensive history with the aquaculture industry of Mississippi due to its depredation of cultured catfish. A large-scale monitoring program began in 1989 to estimate the abundance and location of cormorants at every known roost in the …

Raccoon Rabies Control And Elimination In The Northeastern Usa And Southern Québec, Canada, Amy J. Davis, Marianne Gagnier, Ariane Massé, Kathleen M. Nelson, Jordona D. Kirby, Ryan Wallace, Xiaoyue Ma, Christine Fehlner-Gardiner, Richard B. Chipman, Amy Gilbert

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Rabies virus (RABV) is a deadly zoonosis that circulates in wild carnivore populations in North America. Intensive management within the USA and Canada has been conducted to control the spread of the raccoon (Procyon lotor) variant of RABV and work towards elimination. We examined RABV occurrence across the northeastern USA and southeastern Québec, Canada during 2008–2018 using a multi-method, dynamic occupancy model. Using a 10 km× 10 km grid overlaid on the landscape, we examined the probability that a grid cell was occupied with RABV and relationships with management activities (oral rabies vaccination (ORV) and trap-vaccinate-release efforts), habitat, neighbour effects …