Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Covid-19 Reflection, Anonymous

Community Reflections

The COVID-19 Pandemic was one of the most difficult times in recent history for not only the infected, but also the general public. When COVID-19 first became an issue in the United States with schools closing down for two weeks in March of 2020, I was a junior attending a private, all-boys high school. When the school officially closed, we began virtual classes which was a difficult adjustment due to classes being taught on Zoom and the schedules of classes being strangely different. This form of learning was difficult for me personally.

Evaluation Of Autofluorescence Technology In The Identification Of Tissue Types In Anterior Neck Surgery, Natalie M. Perlov, Elliott Sina, Sruti Tekumalla, Annie Moroco, Md, Elizabeth Cottrill, Md

Alpha Omega Alpha Research Symposium Posters

Background

• Iatrogenic parathyroidectomy and hypocalcemia are potential risks of central neck surgery¹
• Resected parathyroid tissue may be reimplanted if identified quickly, mitigating risk of hypocalcemia²
• Current practices of identifying and preserving parathyroids, such as frozen specimens, may incur significant costs in time and expense
• Autofluorescence (AF) technology takes baseline AF readings from healthy thyroid tissue and compares to other tissues in the neck
• There is limited data on AF profiles of all tissue types in the central neck (thyroid, thymus, benign vs. malignant lymph nodes, adipose tissue)

Preliminary Outcomes

• (1) Investigate the impact of AF on iatrogenic hypoparathyroidism …

Ada News - 02/06/2023, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

2023-02-06_Michiganoverview_Covidbedppe, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Hospital Data

Contains the tables Statewide Hospital Capacity Report for COVID-19, COVID-19 Metrics, Statewide Hospital Available PPE Tracking for COVID-19, as well as the tables PPE Days On Hand and Patient Census.

Broad Efficacy Of A Computationally Designed Ace2 Decoy Against Sars-Cov-2 Omicron Variants And Related Viruses In Vitro And In Vivo, Brandon Havranek, Graeme W. Lindsey, Yusuke Higuchi, Yumi Itoh, Tatsuya Suzuki, Toru Okamoto, Atsushi Hoshino, Erik Procko, Shahidul M. Islam

Alpha Omega Alpha Research Symposium Posters

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant (B.1.1.529) and its sublineages are currently the dominant variants in the United States accounting for 100% of COVID-19 cases. Problem: The S protein receptor-binding domain (RBD), located in the S1 subunit of the S protein, binds the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) leading to S1 shedding and proteolytic processing of S2 that is important for membrane fusion and release of viral RNA. Various neutralizing therapeutics including protein minibinders, peptides, monoclonal antibodies, and nanobodies have been developed to block the critical interaction between the RBD and hACE2. However, these therapeutics are often developed against the S …

Peptides That Block Ras-P21 Protein-Induced Cell Transformation, Matthew R Pincus, Bo Lin, Purvi Patel, Elmer Gabutan, Nitzan Zohar, Wilbur Bowne

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

This is a review of approaches to the design of peptides and small molecules that selectively block the oncogenic RAS-p21 protein in ras-induced cancers. Single amino acid substitutions in this protein, at critical positions such as at Gly 12 and Gln 61, cause the protein to become oncogenic. These mutant proteins cause over 90 percent of pancreatic cancers, 40-50 percent of colon cancers and about one third of non-small cell cancers of the lung (NSCCL). RAS-p21 is a G-protein that becomes activated when it exchanges GDP for GTP. Several promising approaches have been developed that target mutant (oncogenic) RAS-p21 proteins …

Intestinal Toxicity To Ctla-4 Blockade Driven By Il-6 And Myeloid Infiltration, Yifan Zhou, Yusra B Medik, Bhakti Patel, Daniel B Zamler, Sijie Chen, Thomas Chapman, Sarah Schneider, Elizabeth M Park, Rachel L Babcock, Taylor T Chrisikos, Laura M Kahn, Allison M Dyevoich, Josue E Pineda, Matthew C Wong, Aditya K Mishra, Samuel H Cass, Alexandria P Cogdill, Daniel H Johnson, Sarah B Johnson, Khalida Wani, Debora A Ledesma, Courtney W Hudgens, Jingjing Wang, Md Abdul Wadud Khan, Christine B Peterson, Aron Y Joon, Weiyi Peng, Haiyan S Li, Reetakshi Arora, Ximing Tang, Maria Gabriela Raso, Xuegong Zhang, Wai Chin Foo, Michael T Tetzlaff, Gretchen E Diehl, Karen Clise-Dwyer, Elizabeth M Whitley, Matthew M Gubin, James P Allison, Patrick Hwu, Nadim J Ajami, Adi Diab, Jennifer A Wargo, Stephanie S Watowich

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized cancer treatment, yet quality of life and continuation of therapy can be constrained by immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Limited understanding of irAE mechanisms hampers development of approaches to mitigate their damage. To address this, we examined whether mice gained sensitivity to anti-CTLA-4 (αCTLA-4)–mediated toxicity upon disruption of gut homeostatic immunity. We found αCTLA-4 drove increased inflammation and colonic tissue damage in mice with genetic predisposition to intestinal inflammation, acute gastrointestinal infection, transplantation with a dysbiotic fecal microbiome, or dextran sodium sulfate administration. We identified an immune signature of αCTLA-4–mediated irAEs, including colonic neutrophil accumulation …

Assessment Of Response To Neoadjuvant Systemic Treatment In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Using Functional Tumor Volumes From Longitudinal Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Mri, Bikash Panthi, Beatriz E Adrada, Rosalind P Candelaria, Mary S Guirguis, Clinton Yam, Medine Boge, Huiqin Chen, Kelly K Hunt, Lei Huo, Ken-Pin Hwang, Anil Korkut, Deanna L Lane, Huong C Le-Petross, Jessica W T Leung, Jennifer K Litton, Rania M Mohamed, Benjamin C Musall, Sanaz Pashapoor, Miral M Patel, Frances Perez, Jong Bum Son, Alastair Thompson, Vicente Valero, Peng Wei, Jason White, Zhan Xu, Lawrence Pinsky, Debu Tripathy, Wei Yang, Jingfei Ma, Gaiane M Rauch

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Early assessment of neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) response for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is critical for patient care in order to avoid the unnecessary toxicity of an ineffective treatment. We assessed functional tumor volumes (FTVs) from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI after 2 cycles (C2) and 4 cycles (C4) of NAST as predictors of response in TNBC. A group of 100 patients with stage I-III TNBC who underwent DCE MRI at baseline, C2, and C4 were included in this study. Tumors were segmented on DCE images of 1 min and 2.5 min post-injection. FTVs were measured using the optimized percentage enhancement …

Intouch Week Of February 6, 2023, New York Medical College

InTouch

• Steven Lansman, M.D., Ph.D., Is Appointed Chair of the Department of Surgery
• GME Programs Receive Continued Full Accreditation and Expands Training Programs
• Sachin Gupte, M.D., Ph.D., Awarded $2.7 Million NIH Grant to Develop Treatments for Vascular Disease
• NYMC and TU Release a Medical Research Journal
• Children’s Dream Foundation Grant Supports Purchase of SimJunior Manikin
• NYMC Welcomes Derek Staudohar as Director of Engineering
• New Study Identifies Pathway Used to Process Emotional Information in the Brain

Therapeutic Options For Covid-19: Drug Repurposing Of Serine Protease Inhibitor Against Tmprss2, Mohammad Wildan Abiyyi, Surya Dwira, Arleni Bustami, Linda Erlina

Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics

The SARS-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak is a serious global public health threat. Researchers around the world are conducting mass research to control this epidemic, starting from the discovery of vaccines, to new drugs that have specific activities as antivirals. Drug repurposing is a potential method of using drugs with known activity for reuse as COVID-19 therapy. This method has the advantage that it can reduce costs and also the duration in the development of potential drugs. The initial step in drug repurposing can be done computationally to determine the effectiveness and specificity of the drug on the target protein. Molecular …

Dynamic Cone-Beam Ct Reconstruction Using Spatial And Temporal Implicit Neural Representation Learning (Stinr), You Zhang, Hua-Chieh Shao, Tinsu Pan, Tielige Mengke

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective. Dynamic cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging is highly desired in image-guided radiation therapy to provide volumetric images with high spatial and temporal resolutions to enable applications including tumor motion tracking/prediction and intra-delivery dose calculation/accumulation. However, dynamic CBCT reconstruction is a substantially challenging spatiotemporal inverse problem, due to the extremely limited projection sample available for each CBCT reconstruction (one projection for one CBCT volume).

Approach. We developed a simultaneous spatial and temporal implicit neural representation (STINR) method for dynamic CBCT reconstruction. STINR mapped the unknown image and the evolution of its motion into spatial and temporal multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs), and …

Patient-Reported Symptoms At Discharge And Risk Of Complications After Gynecologic Surgery, Xin Shelley Wang, Pedro T Ramirez, Qiuling Shi, Mona Kamal, Araceli Garcia-Gonzalez, Maria D Iniesta, Charles S Cleeland, Larissa A Meyer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Current gaps in knowledge limit clinicians from fully implementing patient-reported outcomes in routine post-operative care.

Methods: This prospective study assessed symptoms via the gynecologic module of the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI-PeriOp-GYN) in patients who underwent open laparotomy.

Results: At discharge, patient-reported moderate to severe (≥4 on a 0-10 scale) abdominal bloating or abdominal cramping, combined with length of stay of ≥4 days, were found to be associated with a higher risk of 30-day post-operative grade II-IV complications by the Clavien-Dindo system (all p values < 0.01). Also, length of stay of ≥4 days and moderate to severe urinary urgency at discharge were found to be associated with the need for re-admission (all p values < 0.01).

Conclusion: This study defined the clinically meaningful symptoms that related to the risk of …

Hemiparkinsonism Caused By A Lateral Sphenoid Wing Meningioma, With Tractography Analysis: Illustrative Case, Attill Saemann, Stefan Busch, Ethan Taub, Birgit Westermann, Cristina Granziera, Raphael Guzman, Luigi Mariani, Jehuda Soleman, Jonathan Rychen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The etiologies of parkinsonism are diverse. A possible and rare cause of hemiparkinsonism is mechanical compression of the basal ganglia and its connecting white matter tracts. The authors present a case of hemiparkinsonism caused by a lateral sphenoid wing meningioma, discuss the underlying pathophysiology based on tractography, and systematically review the existing literature.

OBSERVATIONS: A 59-year-old female was referred for a left-sided tremor of the hand, accompanied by a cogwheel rigidity of the left arm. Symptomatology appeared 1 year earlier and worsened in the previous 6 months, finally also showing involvement of the left leg. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) …

Widespread Contribution Of Transposable Elements To The Rewiring Of Mammalian 3d Genomes, Mayank N K Choudhary, Kara Quaid, Xiaoyun Xing, Heather Schmidt, Ting Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Transposable elements (TEs) are major contributors of genetic material in mammalian genomes. These often include binding sites for architectural proteins, including the multifarious master protein, CTCF, which shapes the 3D genome by creating loops, domains, compartment borders, and RNA-DNA interactions. These play a role in the compact packaging of DNA and have the potential to facilitate regulatory function. In this study, we explore the widespread contribution of TEs to mammalian 3D genomes by quantifying the extent to which they give rise to loops and domain border differences across various cell types and species using several 3D genome mapping technologies. We …

Comparative Transcriptomics And Genomics From Continuous Axenic Media Growth Identifies Coxiella Burnetii Intracellular Survival Strategies, Archana Yadav, Melissa N Brewer, Mostafa S Elshahed, Edward I. Shaw

PCOM Scholarly Works

Coxiella burnetii (Cb) is an obligate intracellular pathogen in nature and the causative agent of acute Q fever as well as chronic diseases. In an effort to identify genes and proteins crucial to their normal intracellular growth lifestyle, we applied a "Reverse evolution" approach where the avirulent Nine Mile Phase II strain of Cb was grown for 67 passages in chemically defined ACCM-D media and gene expression patterns and genome integrity from various passages was compared to passage number one following intracellular growth. Transcriptomic analysis identified a marked downregulation of the structural components of the type 4B secretion system (T4BSS), …

Labeling Compliance And Online Claims For Ayurvedic Herbal Supplements On The U.S. Market Associated With The Purported Treatment Of Covid-19, Chevon R. Jordan, Calin M. Harris, Miranda I. Miranda, Diane Y. Kim, Rosalee S. Hellberg

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many consumers increased their use of supplements that claimed to support immune health, including Ayurvedic preparations. The goal of this study was to analyze labeling compliance and online claims for Ayurvedic herbal supplements associated with the purported treatment of COVID-19. The physical product labels for 51 herbal supplements labeled as ginger, tulsi/holy basil, amla, vacha/calamus root, guduchi/giloy, cinnamon, ashwagandha, tribulus, or turmeric were assessed for U.S. regulatory compliance. Disease claims, structure/function claims, and general well-being claims were also examined. The online listings for products purchased online (n = 42) were examined for claims and for the …

Antitumour Activity Of Neratinib In Patients With Her2-Mutant Advanced Biliary Tract Cancers, James J Harding, Haeseong Park, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

HER2 mutations are infrequent genomic events in biliary tract cancers (BTCs). Neratinib, an irreversible, pan-HER, oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor, interferes with constitutive receptor kinase activation and has activity in HER2-mutant tumours. SUMMIT is an open-label, single-arm, multi-cohort, phase 2, 'basket' trial of neratinib in patients with solid tumours harbouring oncogenic HER2 somatic mutations (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01953926). The primary objective of the BTC cohort, which is now complete, is first objective response rate (ORR) to neratinib 240 mg orally daily. Secondary objectives include confirmed ORR, clinical benefit rate, progression-free survival, duration of response, overall survival, safety and tolerability. Genomic analyses were exploratory. …

The P97-Ubxd8 Complex Regulates Er-Mitochondria Contact Sites By Altering Membrane Lipid Saturation And Composition, Rakesh Ganji, Joao A Paulo, Yuecheng Xi, Ian Kline, Jiang Zhu, Christoph S Clemen, Conrad C Weihl, John G Purdy, Steve P Gygi, Malavika Raman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The intimate association between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes at ER-Mitochondria contact sites (ERMCS) is a platform for critical cellular processes, particularly lipid synthesis. How contacts are remodeled and the impact of altered contacts on lipid metabolism remains poorly understood. We show that the p97 AAA-ATPase and its adaptor ubiquitin-X domain adaptor 8 (UBXD8) regulate ERMCS. The p97-UBXD8 complex localizes to contacts and its loss increases contacts in a manner that is dependent on p97 catalytic activity. Quantitative proteomics and lipidomics of ERMCS demonstrates alterations in proteins regulating lipid metabolism and a significant change in membrane lipid saturation …

Improving Communication In Intensive Care Unit To Ward Transitions: Protocol For Multisite National Implementation Of The Icu-Pause Handoff Tool, Elle Mizuki Fukui, Patrick G Lyons, Emily Harris, Emma K Mccune, Juan C Rojas, Lekshmi Santhosh

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The intensive care unit (ICU)-ward transfer poses a particularly high-risk period for patients. The period after transfer has been associated with adverse events and additional work for care teams related to miscommunication or omission of information. Standardized handoff processes have been found to reduce communication errors and adverse patient events in other clinical environments but are understudied at the ICU-ward interface. We previously developed an electronic ICU-ward transfer tool, ICU-PAUSE, which embeds the key elements and diagnostic reasoning to facilitate a safe transfer of care at ICU discharge.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the implementation …

Short-Term Pi3k Inhibition Prevents Breast Cancer In Preclinical Models, Amy T Ku, Adelaide I J Young, Ahmed Atef Ibrahim, Wen Bu, Weiyu Jiang, Meng Lin, Laterrica C Williams, Bryant Lee Mccue, George Miles, Chandandeep Nagi, Fariba Behbod, Yi Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Antiestrogen medication is the only chemoprevention currently available for women at a high risk of developing breast cancer; however, antiestrogen therapy requires years to achieve efficacy and has adverse side effects. Therefore, it is important to develop an efficacious chemoprevention strategy that requires only a short course of treatment. PIK3CA is commonly activated in breast atypical hyperplasia, the known precancerous precursor of breast cancer. Targeting PI3K signaling in these precancerous lesions may offer a new strategy for chemoprevention. Here, we first established a mouse model that mimics the progression from precancerous lesions to breast cancer. Next, we demonstrated that a …

Socioecological Factors Linked With Pharmaceutical Incentive-Driven Prescribing In Pakistan, Muhammad Naveed Noor, Afifah Rahman-Shepherd, Amna Rehana Siddiqui, Wafa Aftab, Sadia Shakoor, Rumina Hasan, Mishal Khan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Pharmaceutical marketing through financial incentivisation to general practitioners (GPs) is a poorly studied health system problem in Pakistan. Pharmaceutical incentivisation is seen to be distorting GPs prescribing behaviour that can compromise the health and well-being of patients. We draw on a conceptual framework outlined in the ecological system theory to identify multiple factors linked with pharmaceutical incentivisation to GPs in Pakistan. We conducted qualitative interviews with 28 policy actors to seek their views on the health system dynamics, how they sustain pharmaceutical incentivisation and their effect on the quality of care. Our analysis revealed four interlinked factors operating at different …

Bone Metastasis Initiation Is Coupled With Bone Remodeling Through Osteogenic Differentiation Of Ng2+ Cells, Weijie Zhang, Zhan Xu, Xiaoxin Hao, Tiancheng He, Jiasong Li, Yichao Shen, Kai Liu, Yang Gao, Jun Liu, David G Edwards, Aaron M Muscarella, Ling Wu, Liqun Yu, Longyong Xu, Xi Chen, Yi-Hsuan Wu, Igor L Bado, Yunfeng Ding, Sergio Aguirre, Hai Wang, Zbigniew Gugala, Robert L Satcher, Stephen T C Wong, Xiang H-F Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The bone microenvironment is dynamic and undergoes remodeling in normal and pathologic conditions. Whether such remodeling affects disseminated tumor cells (DTC) and bone metastasis remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that pathologic fractures increase metastatic colonization around the injury. NG2+ cells are a common participant in bone metastasis initiation and bone remodeling in both homeostatic and fractured conditions. NG2+ bone mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSC) often colocalize with DTCs in the perivascular niche. Both DTCs and NG2+ BMSCs are recruited to remodeling sites. Ablation of NG2+ lineage impaired bone remodeling and concurrently diminished metastatic colonization. In cocultures, NG2+ BMSCs, especially when …

Ion Channel Regulation Of Gut Immunity, Jing Feng, Zili Xie, Hongzhen Hu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mounting evidence indicates that gastrointestinal (GI) homeostasis hinges on communications among many cellular networks including the intestinal epithelium, the immune system, and both intrinsic and extrinsic nerves innervating the gut. The GI tract, especially the colon, is the home base for gut microbiome which dynamically regulates immune function. The gut's immune system also provides an effective defense against harmful pathogens entering the GI tract while maintaining immune homeostasis to avoid exaggerated immune reaction to innocuous food and commensal antigens which are important causes of inflammatory disorders such as coeliac disease and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Various ion channels have been …

Pulse Oximetry: Why Oxygen Saturation Is Still Not A Part Of Standard Pediatric Guidelines In Low-And-Middle-Income Countries (Lmics), Maheen Sheikh, Huzaifa Ahmad, Romesa Ibrahim, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Fyezah Jehan

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: With the high frequency of acute respiratory infections in children worldwide, particularly so in low-resource countries, the development of effective diagnostic support is crucial. While pulse oximetry has been found to be an acceptable method of hypoxemia detection, improving clinical decision making and efficient referral, many healthcare set ups in low- and middle-income countries have not been able to implement pulse oximetry into their practice.
Main body: A review of past pulse oximetry implementation attempts in low- and middle-income countries proposes the barriers and potential solutions for complete integration in the healthcare systems. The addition of pulse oximetry into …

Loci On Chromosome 12q132 Encompassing Erbb3, Pa2g4 And Rab5b Are Associated With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, R Alan Harris, Kellie J Archer, Mark O Goodarzi, Timothy P York, Jeffrey Rogers, Andrea Dunaif, Jan M Mcallister, Jerome F Strauss

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenemia of ovarian theca cell origin. We report significant association of androgen production with 15 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) identified by exome sequencing of theca cells from women with PCOS and normal ovulatory women. Ten SNVs are located within a 150 kbp region on 12q13.2 which encompasses loci identified in PCOS genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and contains PCOS candidate genes ERBB3 and RAB5B. The region also contains PA2G4 which encodes a transcriptional corepressor of androgen receptor and androgen receptor-regulated genes. PA2G4 has not previously been recognized as related to PCOS in published …

Results Of Surgical Ablation For Atrial Fibrillation In Patients With Rheumatic Heart Disease, Turki B. Albacker, Sultan Alaamro, Abdulaziz M Alhothali, Amr A Arafat, Khaled D Algarni, Ahmed Eldemerdash, Bakir M Bakir

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Background There is conflicting evidence regarding the success of the Maze procedure to restore sinus rhythm in patients with rheumatic heart disease. Hence, the aim of our study was to describe the results of surgical ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods This is a retrospective study that included adult patients with rheumatic heart disease who underwent surgical ablation for atrial fibrillation. The ablation lesions were performed using monopolar radiofrequency ablation in all patients. Results Fifty-seven consecutive patients were included in the study. Cox Maze IV was performed in 44 patients (77%), while …

Digital 3d Brain Mri Arterial Territories Atlas, Chin-Fu Liu, Johnny Hsu, Xin Xu, Ganghyun Kim, Shannon M. Sheppard, Erin L. Meier, Michael I. Miller, Argye E. Hillis, Andreia V. Faria

Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research

The locus and extent of brain damage in the event of vascular insult can be quantitatively established quickly and easily with vascular atlases. Although highly anticipated by clinicians and clinical researchers, no digital MRI arterial atlas is readily available for automated data analyses. We created a digital arterial territory atlas based on lesion distributions in 1,298 patients with acute stroke. The lesions were manually traced in the diffusion-weighted MRIs, binary stroke masks were mapped to a common space, probability maps of lesions were generated and the boundaries for each arterial territory was defined based on the ratio between probabilistic maps. …

Adaptation In The Sensory Cortex Drives Bistable Switching During Auditory Stream Segregation, Nathan C. Higgins, Alexandra N. Scurry, Fang Jiang, David F. Little, Mounya Elhilali, Joel S. Snyder

Psychology Faculty Research

Current theories of perception emphasize the role of neural adaptation, inhibitory competition, and noise as key components that lead to switches in perception. Supporting evidence comes from neurophysiological findings of specific neural signatures in modality-specific and supramodal brain areas that appear to be critical to switches in perception. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to study brain activity around the time of switches in perception while participants listened to a bistable auditory stream segregation stimulus, which can be heard as one integrated stream of tones or two segregated streams of tones. The auditory thalamus showed more activity around the time …

Comparison Of Two Diagnostic Assays For The Detection Of Serum Neutralizing Antibody To Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus, Justin Brown, Korakrit Poonsuk, Ting-Yu Cheng, Chris Rademacher, Erin Kalkwarf, Liying Tian, Lauren A. Mckeen, Chong Wang, Luis Gimenez-Lirola, David Baum, Locke A. Karriker

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Lactogenic immunity is important for the protection of piglets against many pathogens including porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Circulating neutralizing antibodies levels in sow sera may help determine if a detectable immune response could confer protection to piglets. Neutralizing antibodies can be detected through various diagnostic assays. This study evaluated the diagnostic characteristics of two neutralizing antibody assays for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus neutralizing antibodies in serum of challenged gilts. Four treatment groups, control, non-vaccinated, vaccinated prior to challenge, and vaccinated following challenge, were comprised of 20 gilts. Serum sample were collected from each gilt prior to and following challenge with …

Long And Short Duration Exposures To The Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (Ssris) Fluoxetine, Paroxetine And Sertraline At Environmentally Relevant Concentrations Lead To Adverse Effects On Zebrafish Behaviour And Reproduction, Ananda Baskaran Venkatachalam, Bailey Levesque, John C Achenbach, Jane J Pappas, Lee D Ellis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are currently the most prescribed class of psychotropic medications. Their increased global manufacture and use have become growing concerns for aquatic toxicologists and environmental biologists, who assess both the direct and indirect effects of substances on the environment and on human health. In order to assess the potential impact of environmentally relevant levels of SSRIs on fish development, behaviour and reproduction, we exposed juvenile and adult zebrafish to a select group of SSRIs using two separate exposure paradigms. In the first paradigm, juvenile zebrafish were exposed to Fluoxetine (Prozac), Paroxetine (Paxil), Sertraline (Zoloft) or a …