Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Technology In Action: Can Technology Decrease In-Person Prenatal Care Visits But Improve Care?, Nicole A. Derdzakyan

URGENT Matters

No abstract provided.

Pharm In Action: New Hopes For Alzheimer’S Treatment, Basil Considine

URGENT Matters

No abstract provided.

The Medication Adherence Epidemic: How To Keep Patients Healthy, Aditya Loganathan, Ishan S. Abdullah, Randall W. Lee

URGENT Matters

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 (Sc 3669), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Manuscripts Small Collection 3669. Miscellaneous communications issued via U.S. mail, e-mail and internet regarding closures, operational changes and mitigation measures during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Includes instructions on mask making, press releases from Kentucky Governor Andy Beshear’s office, information on financial and mental health management, and the White House’s letter enclosing an Economic Impact Payment. Also includes some communications from Bowling Green, Kentucky churches, businesses and banks.

Association Of Eating And Sleeping Intervals With Weight Change Over Time: The Daily24 Cohort., Di Zhao, Eliseo Guallar, Thomas B Woolf, Lindsay Martin, Harold Lehmann, Janelle Coughlin, Katherine Holzhauer, Attia A Goheer, Kathleen M Mctigue, Michelle R. Lent, Marquis Hawkins, Jeanne M Clark, Wendy L Bennett

PCOM Scholarly Works

Background We aim to evaluate the association between meal intervals and weight trajectory among adults from a clinical cohort. Methods and Results This is a multisite prospective cohort study of adults recruited from 3 health systems. Over the 6-month study period, 547 participants downloaded and used a mobile application to record the timing of meals and sleep for at least 1 day. We obtained information on weight and comorbidities at each outpatient visit from electronic health records for up to 10  years before until 10 months after baseline. We used mixed linear regression to model weight trajectories. Mean age was …

School Bullying And Health Risk Behavior Outcomes Among Adolescents In Florida, Amanda Raymond, Stephanie Grant, Rima Tawk

Florida Public Health Review

Background: School bullying is a major social and public health threat as it presents a variety of developmental and psychological adolescent hazards that stretch into adulthood problems. Bullying victimization has been linked with a plethora of adverse health risk behavior outcomes.

Purpose: To examine the association between bullying (in-person and electronic) and health risk behaviors related to school violence, mental and sexual health risks, substance abuse, and weight control practices.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Florida Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). A 4-level variable was generated using the in-person and electronic bullying questions resulting in four mutually …

The Development Of A New Scale To Measure Food Insecurity Among Older Adults Using The International Classification Of Functioning, Disability, And Health (Icf) Framework, Carol N. Freiria, Leslie Van Horn, James Epps, Jenifer M. Ross, Lauri Wright

Florida Public Health Review

Background: Older adults face different barriers to accessing adequate food, and none of the current food security scales address the unique issues that aging could present to food security among this population.

Purpose: This study aims to understand the components of nutrition functioning in relation to food insecurity among older adults to develop a food insecurity screening tool specific to the older adult population.

Methods: Cross-sectional qualitative study with semi-structured interviews. The interviews occurred via Google Voice and were simultaneously recorded using Zoom. Two researchers coded transcriptions from interview audio recordings separately, and thematic analysis based on the International Classification …

Low English Proficiency In The United States Associated With Reduced Healthcare Access Under The Affordable Care Act, Benjamin L. Siegel, Jessica M. Waddell

Florida Public Health Review

Background:

From 2014-2018, the US Census Bureau reported that 8.3 percent of Americans had limited English proficiency (LEP), defined as speaking English less than very well. Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) ensures meaningful access to care for individuals with LEP.

Purpose:

This research aims to identify the current relationship between LEP and healthcare access.

Methods:

Data used in this study were obtained from electronic files from the 2019 Full Year Consolidated File of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, or MEPS. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between insurance coverage and whether an individual speaks …

Feasibility Of A Community-Based, Online, Peer-Supported Spinal Cord Injury Self-Management Intervention: Protocol For A Pilot Wait-Listed Randomized Trial, Susan Dunreath Newman Phd, Rn, Crrn, Faan, Sherwood Toatley, Marka Danielle Rodgers, Suparna Qanungo, Martina Mueller, Brian Denny, Angela Rodriguez

Publications

Background: People with spinal cord injury (SCI) report feeling unprepared to manage their disability upon discharge to the community. This situation is exacerbated when they return to settings where self-management support and resources are sparse, thus increasing the risk of costly secondary conditions and rehospitalizations. These factors make a compelling case for implementing innovative community-based SCI self-management programs that empower and engage individuals with SCI. Using a community-engaged research (CEnR) approach, we developed a peer-supported SCI self-management intervention, known as PHOENIX (Peer-supported Health Outreach, Education, and Information Exchange), which integrates online educational content and support from peer navigators (PNs) through …

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy And Hematopoiesis, Bryanna Reinhardt, Patrick Lee, Joshua P. Sasine

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a promising treatment option for patients suffering from B-cell- and plasma cell-derived hematologic malignancies and is being adapted for the treatment of solid cancers. However, CAR T is associated with frequently severe toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), and prolonged cytopenias—a reduction in the number of mature blood cells of one or more lineage. Although we understand some drivers of these toxicities, their mechanisms remain under investigation. Since the CAR T regimen is a complex, multi-step process with frequent adverse events, ways …

Feasibility Of A Community-Based, Online, Peer-Supported Spinal Cord Injury Self-Management Intervention: Protocol For A Pilot Wait-Listed Randomized Trial, Susan Dunreath Newman Phd, Rn, Crrn, Faan, Sherwood Toatley, Marka Danielle Rodgers, Suparna Qanungo, Martina Mueller, Brian Denny, Angela Rodriguez

Publications

BACKGROUND:

People with spinal cord injury (SCI) report feeling unprepared to manage their disability upon discharge to the community. This situation is exacerbated when they return to settings where self-management support and resources are sparse, thus increasing the risk of costly secondary conditions and rehospitalizations. These factors make a compelling case for implementing innovative community-based SCI self-management programs that empower and engage individuals with SCI. Using a community-engaged research (CEnR) approach, we developed a peer-supported SCI self-management intervention, known as PHOENIX (Peer-supported Health Outreach, Education, and Information Exchange), which integrates online educational content and support from peer navigators (PNs) through …

Production Of A Monoclonal Antibody For The Detection Of Forchlorfenuron: Application In An Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay And Immunochromatographic Strip, Xingmei Lei, A M Abd El-Aty, Lingyuan Xu, Jing Zhao, Jia Li, Song Gao, Yun Zhao, Yongxin She, Fen Jin, Jing Wang, Lufei Zheng, Maojun Jin, Bruce D Hammock

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In this study, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific to forchlorfenuron (CPPU) with high sensitivity and specificity was produced and designated (9G9). To detect CPPU in cucumber samples, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) and a colloidal gold nanobead immunochromatographic test strip (CGN-ICTS) were established using 9G9. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and the LOD for the developed ic-ELISA were determined to be 0.19 ng/mL and 0.04 ng/mL in the sample dilution buffer, respectively. The results indicate that the sensitivity of the antibodies prepared in this study (9G9 mAb) was higher than those reported in the previous literature. On the other …

Evaluation Of New Potential Inflammatory Markers In Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation, Gabriela Lopes Martins, Rita Carolina Figueiredo Duarte, Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira, Natália Pessoa Rocha, Estêvão Lanna Figueiredo, Francisco Rezende Silveira, José Raymundo Sollero Caiaffa, Rodrigo Pinheiro Lanna, Maria Das Graças Carvalho, András Palotás, Cláudia Natália Ferreira, Helton José Reis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice, is associated with an increase in mortality and morbidity due to its high potential to cause stroke and systemic thromboembolism. Inflammatory mechanisms may play a role in the pathogenesis of AF and its maintenance. We aimed to evaluate a range of inflammatory markers as potentially involved in the pathophysiology of individuals with nonvalvular AF (NVAF). A total of 105 subjects were enrolled and divided into two groups: patients with NVAF (n = 55, mean age 72 ± 8 years) and a control group of individuals in sinus rhythm (n = …

Anxiety And Stress Among Healthcare Professionals During Covid-19 In Ethiopia: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Aragaw Asfaw Hasen, Abubeker Alebachew Seid, Ahmed Adem Mohammed

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study intended to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals in Ethiopia.

DESIGN: This study applied a design of systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

DATA SOURCES: ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA AND OUTCOMES: Observational studies examining anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals in Ethiopia following COVID-19 pandemic were considered. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of anxiety and stress and the secondary outcomes were factors associated to the prevalence of anxiety and stress.

DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two authors extracted the data and performed quality assessment independently. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to …

Fifty Years Of Global Cardiovascular Research In Africa: A Scientometric Analysis, 1971 To 2021, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Dominic Millenaar, Dike Ojji, Q Eileen Wafford, Christian Ukena, Michael Böhm, Karen Sliwa, Mark D Huffman, Felix Mahfoud

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Background To analyze the quantity and impact of cardiovascular research done in Africa or coauthored by researchers based in Africa, their determinants, and the patterns of research collaboration. Methods and Results We retrieved data from Web of Science and additional sources. We analyzed temporal trends from 1971 to 2021 and geographical distribution, research impact using country-level h-index, international research cooperation, and associations of research quantity and quality using linear regression. The annual volume of cardiovascular research from Africa has increased from 4 publications in 1971 to 3867 in 2020 and currently represents ~3% of the global cardiovascular research output. Authors …

Evaluation Of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Repeatability And Reproducibility For Preclinical Mris Using Standardized Procedures And A Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Phantom, Dariya Malyarenko, Ghoncheh Amouzandeh, Stephen Pickup, Rong Zhou, Henry Charles Manning, Seth T Gammon, Kooresh I Shoghi, James D Quirk, Renuka Sriram, Peder Larson, Michael T Lewis, Robia G Pautler, Paul E Kinahan, Mark Muzi, Thomas L Chenevert

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Relevant to co-clinical trials, the goal of this work was to assess repeatability, reproducibility, and bias of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for preclinical MRIs using standardized procedures for comparison to performance of clinical MRIs. A temperature-controlled phantom provided an absolute reference standard to measure spatial uniformity of these performance metrics. Seven institutions participated in the study, wherein diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data were acquired over multiple days on 10 preclinical scanners, from 3 vendors, at 6 field strengths. Centralized versus site-based analysis was compared to illustrate incremental variance due to processing workflow. At magnet isocenter, short-term (intra-exam) and long-term (multiday) …

Structures Of Human Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptors Bound To Antagonist And Agonist For Cancer And Itch Therapy, Shuman Peng, Yuting Zhan, Dongqi Zhang, Lu Ren, Anqi Chen, Zhou-Feng Chen, Haitao Zhang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Gastrin releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), a member of the bombesin (BBN) G protein-coupled receptors, is aberrantly overexpressed in several malignant tumors, including those of the breast, prostate, pancreas, lung, and central nervous system. Additionally, it also mediates non-histaminergic itch and pathological itch conditions in mice. Thus, GRPR could be an attractive target for cancer and itch therapy. Here, we report the inactive state crystal structure of human GRPR in complex with the non-peptide antagonist PD176252, as well as two active state cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of GRPR bound to the endogenous peptide agonist gastrin-releasing peptide and the synthetic BBN analog …

Solidarity And Strife After The Atlanta Spa Shootings: A Mixed Methods Study Characterizing Twitter Discussions By Qualitative Analysis And Machine Learning, Shaniece Criss, Thu T. Nguyen, Eli K. Michaels, Gilbert C. Gee, Mathew V. Kiang, Quynh C. Nguyen, Samantha Norton, Eli Titherington, Leah Nguyen, Isha Yardi, Melanie Kim, Nhung Thai, Ariel Shepherd, Chris J. Kennedy

Open Access Fund Publications

Background: On March 16, 2021, a white man shot and killed eight victims, six of whom were Asian women at Atlanta-area spa and massage parlors. The aims of the study were to: (1) qualitatively summarize themes of tweets related to race, ethnicity, and racism immediately following the Atlanta spa shootings, and (2) examine temporal trends in expressions hate speech and solidarity before and after the Atlanta spa shootings using a new methodology for hate speech analysis.

Methods: A random 1% sample of publicly available tweets was collected from January to April 2021. The analytic sample included 708,933 tweets using race-related …

Patterns Of Cannabis- And Substance-Related Congenital General Anomalies In Europe: A Geospatiotemporal And Causal Inferential Study, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary Kenneth Hulse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction:

Recent series of congenital anomaly (CA) rates (CARs) have showed the close and epidemiologically causal relationship of cannabis exposure to many CARs. We investigated these trends in Europe where similar trends have occurred.

Methods:

CARs from EUROCAT. Drug use from European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Income data from World Bank. Results: CARs were higher in countries with increasing daily use overall (p = 9.99 × 10⁻¹⁴, minimum E-value (mEV) = 2.09) and especially for maternal infections, situs inversus, teratogenic syndromes and VACTERL syndrome (p = 1.49 × 10⁻¹⁵, mEV = 3.04). In …

Prognostic Significance Of Early Platelet Dynamics In Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia, Rachid Douglas-Louis, Mimi Lou, Brian Lee, Emi Minejima, Juliane Bubeck-Wardenburg, Annie Wong-Beringer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Platelets are recognized as key immune effectors, but they are targets of bacterial virulence factors. In the present study, we aimed to examine the relationship between early platelet dynamics and the outcome of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB).

METHOD: Electronic medical records of adult patients hospitalized for SAB between July 2012 and November 2020 were retrospectively reviewed for relevant demographic, laboratory, and clinical data. The outcome endpoints were mortality and microbial persistence.

RESULTS: Among the 811 patients evaluated, 29% experienced thrombocytopenia on Day 1. Platelet count nadir occurred on Days 2-3 following SAB onset, and Day 4 was a determining …

Comparison Of Cycloplegia At 20- And 30-Minutes Following Proxymetacaine And Cyclopentolate Instillation In White 12-13-Year-Olds, Megan Doyle, Veronica O'Dwyer, Siofra Harrington

Articles

Clinical Relevance

Reducing the time between drop instillation and refraction reduces the time paediatric patients and young adults spend in practice, facilitating more eye examinations daily.

Background

The current procedure for paediatric cycloplegic refraction is to wait for at least 30-minutes post-instillation of a cycloplegic before measuring spherical equivalent refraction. This study compared cycloplegia at 20- and 30-minutes following 0.5% proxymetacaine and 1.0% cyclopentolate in 12-13-year-olds.

Methods

Participants were 99 white 12-13-year-olds. One drop of proxymetacaine hydrochloride (Minims, 0.5% w/v, Bausch & Lomb, UK) followed by one drop of cyclopentolate hydrochloride (Minims, 1.0% w/v, Bausch & Lomb, UK) was instilled …

Modeling And Analysis Of The Intrinsic Cardiac Nervous System In Closed-Loop Cardiovascular Control, Michelle M. Gee, Abraham M. Lenhoff, James S. Schwaber, Babatunde A. Ogunnaike, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

The baroreceptor reflex is a multi-input, multi-output physiological control system that regulates short-term blood pressure by modulating nerve activity between the brainstem and the heart. The computational model by Park et al. (2020) is the most recent iteration in our exploration of the system. However, the contributions of”the little brain of the heart”, the intrinsic cardiac nervous system (ICN), to local control of the heart and to the integration of sensory information is unknown and has been overlooked in previous models. We have incorporated a high-fidelity representation of the ICN into a model of the baroreceptor reflex based on anatomical, …

Metabolic Individuality: Limitations, Challenges, And Potential For Clinical Utility, Sarah H Elsea, Jennifer E Posey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In Nature Medicine, Surendran and colleagues recently reported the analysis of human plasma metabolomic data for 913 metabolites in ∼20,000 individuals, identifying 2,599 metabolite-genetic variant associations and >400 metabolite signatures comprised of jointly regulated metabolites. This extensive atlas of variant-metabolite relationships reveals novel genomic mechanisms driving metabolic phenotypes.

Evaluation Of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Repeatability And Reproducibility For Preclinical Mris Using Standardized Procedures And A Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Phantom, Dariya Malyarenko, Ghoncheh Amouzandeh, Stephen Pickup, Rong Zhou, Henry Charles Manning, Seth T Gammon, Kooresh I Shoghi, James D Quirk, Renuka Sriram, Peder Larson, Michael T Lewis, Robia G Pautler, Paul E Kinahan, Mark Muzi, Thomas L Chenevert

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Relevant to co-clinical trials, the goal of this work was to assess repeatability, reproducibility, and bias of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for preclinical MRIs using standardized procedures for comparison to performance of clinical MRIs. A temperature-controlled phantom provided an absolute reference standard to measure spatial uniformity of these performance metrics. Seven institutions participated in the study, wherein diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data were acquired over multiple days on 10 preclinical scanners, from 3 vendors, at 6 field strengths. Centralized versus site-based analysis was compared to illustrate incremental variance due to processing workflow. At magnet isocenter, short-term (intra-exam) and long-term (multiday) …

Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Derived Microvascular Perfusion Modeling To Assess Peripheral Artery Disease, Olga A Gimnich, Tatiana Belousova, Christina M Short, Addison A Taylor, Vijay Nambi, Joel D Morrisett, Christie M Ballantyne, Jean Bismuth, Dipan J Shah, Gerd Brunner

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background

Computational fluid dynamics has shown good agreement with contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging measurements in cardiovascular disease applications. We have developed a biomechanical model of microvascular perfusion using contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging signal intensities derived from skeletal calf muscles to study peripheral artery disease (PAD).

Methods and Results

The computational microvascular model was used to study skeletal calf muscle perfusion in 56 individuals (36 patients with PAD, 20 matched controls). The recruited participants underwent contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and ankle‐brachial index testing at rest and after 6‐minute treadmill walking. We have determined associations of microvascular model parameters including the transfer …

Targeted Protein Degradation Via Lysosomes, Rishi R Paudel, Dong Lu, Sandipan Roy Chowdhury, Erika Y Monroy, Jin Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In the scope of targeted protein degradation (TPD), proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), leveraging the ubiquitin-proteasome system, have been extensively studied. However, they are limited to the degradation of soluble and membrane proteins, excluding the aggregated and extracellular proteins and dysfunctional organelles. As an alternative protein degradation pathway, lysosomes serve as a feasible tool for accessing these untouched proteins and/or organelles by proteosomes. Here, we focus on reviewing the emerging lysosome-mediated TPD, such as AUTAC, ATTEC, AUTOTAC, LYTAC, and MoDE-A. Intracellular targets, such as soluble and aggregated proteins and organelles, can be degraded via the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Extracellular targets, such as membrane …

Post-Transcriptional Regulation In Cranial Neural Crest Cells Expands Developmental Potential, Rachel A Keuls, Young Sun Oh, Ivanshi Patel, Ronald J Parchem

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Developmental potential is progressively restricted after germ layer specification during gastrulation. However, cranial neural crest cells challenge this paradigm, as they develop from anterior ectoderm, yet give rise to both ectodermal derivatives of the peripheral nervous system and ectomesenchymal bone and cartilage. How cranial neural crest cells differentiate into multiple lineages is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that cranial neural crest cells possess a transient state of increased chromatin accessibility. We profile the spatiotemporal emergence of premigratory neural crest and find evidence of lineage bias toward either a neuronal or ectomesenchymal fate, with each expressing distinct factors from earlier stages …

Working At An Assisted Living Facility During Covid, Anonymous

Community Reflections

For the past few years, learning how to deal with a pandemic referred to as Covid-19, was an everyday struggle for humankind. The fear of leaving your house to get groceries, or even going to work had people struggling to live the life of what was worry-free. At the very beginning of the pandemic, I was working at my very first job, which was at an assisted living facility. I was a server at the dining hall in the facility and made great connections with some really nice people. In the midst of the first wave of Covid, the facility …

Preterm Prelabor Rupture Of Membranes In Singletons: Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes, Ichchha Madan, Frank Ian Jackson, Reinaldo Figueroa, Ray Bahado-Singh

Specialty Medicine Faculty Publications

Objectives: To determine the effect of gestational age at delivery on maternal and neonatal outcomes in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) and assess various predictors of neonatal and infant mortality in these pregnancies. Methods: United States birth data from CDC-National Center for Health Statistics natality database for years 2004–2008 was used to identify singleton pregnancies with PPROM and delivery from 32 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks. Controls were singletons at 37–40 weeks, without PPROM. Maternal and neonatal complications reported by all states were analyzed along with neonatal outcomes such as chorioamnionitis and hyaline membrane disease, reported by a subgroup …

2023-02-06 Michiganoverview_Covidoutbreak, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Outbreak Reports

The Outbreak Data page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/stats/outbreak-reporting.

This report is created by the Michigan Department of Health & Human Services from data self-reported by local health departments. Data is updated every week.

COVID-19 outbreaks are generally defined as two or more cases with a link by place and time indicating a shared exposure outside of a household. Local health departments report the number of new and ongoing outbreaks they are investigating by the setting of the outbreak. New outbreaks are those outbreaks that were first identified during the current reporting week. Ongoing outbreaks are …