Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Mexico Simsmoke Tobacco Control Policy Model: Development Of A Simulation Model Of Daily And Nondaily Cigarette Smoking, Luz Maria Sanchez-Romero, Luis Zavala-Arciniega, Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu, Belén Sáenz De Miera-Juárez, Zhe Yuan, Yameng Li, Yan Kwan Lau, Nancy L. Fleischer, Rafael Meza, Jim F. Thrasher Ph.D., Ma, Ms, David T. Levy

Faculty Publications

Background

Nondaily smoking has been on the rise, especially in Mexico. While Mexico has strengthened its tobacco control policies, their effects on nondaily smokers have gone largely unexamined. We developed a simulation model to estimate the impact of tobacco control policies on daily and nondaily smoking in Mexico.

Methods

A previously validated Mexico SimSmoke model that estimated overall trends in smoking prevalence from 2002 through 2013 was extended to 2018 and adapted to distinguish daily and nondaily smoking prevalence. The model was then validated using data from Mexican surveys through 2016. To gauge the potential effects of policies, we compared …

Staying At Home: How Well Did Americans Maintain Their Health Behaviors During Covid-19?, Michael Serrur, James Rose

Population Health Research Brief Series

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a major toll on people's sense of schedule. Lack of motivation and the removal of daily routines has negatively affected health behaviors, leading to an increase in snacking and sitting around the house more frequently than before the pandemic. This brief summarizes the findings from a national survey aimed at understanding behavior change and goal setting during the pandemic and provides tips for getting back into healthy habits.

Therapeutic Potential Of Hla-I Polyreactive Mabs Mimicking The Hla-I Polyreactivity And Immunoregulatory Functions Of Ivig, Mepur H Ravindranath, Fatiha El Hilali, Edward Filippone

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

HLA class-I (HLA-I) polyreactive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reacting to all HLA-I alleles were developed by immunizing mice with HLA-E monomeric, α-heavy chain (αHC) open conformers (OCs). Two mAbs (TFL-006 and TFL-007) were bound to the αHC’s coated on a solid matrix. The binding was inhibited by the peptide117AYDGKDY123, present in all alleles of the six HLA-I isoforms but masked by β2-microglobulin (β2-m) in intact HLA-I trimers (closed conformers, CCs). IVIg preparations administered to lower anti-HLA Abs in pre-and post-transplant patients have also shown HLA-I polyreactivity. We hypothesized that the mAbs that mimic IVIg HLA-I polyreactivity might also possess the immunomodulatory …

Behavioral Analysis Of Conditions And Treatments Affecting Movement And Nociception, Indu Mithra Madhuranthakam

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis work includes three projects. First part deals with the investigation of novel D2 receptor ligands in Prepulse inhibition. The goal of this study is to establish a relationship between dopamine receptor antagonists and agonists and prepulse inhibition which can then serve as a working model for an in-vivo efficacy of novel dopamine D2 drugs. The second part of the thesis work deals with Niemann pick disease type C. Niemann pick disease type C is a progressive genetic disorder that is characterized by the lysosomal accumulation of lipids which causes neurodegeneration, dementia, ataxia, and death. NPC1_nmf164 mutant mice …

Impacts Of Covid-19 On Rural Medical Business Models, Kendra L. Stefan

Anthós

This paper is concerned with the question of how COVID-19 impacts the medical delivery system in a rural community. It presents findings from interviews of medical professionals participating in an isolated rural community and public health officials that coordinate preparedness planning. This paper reviews barriers of access to healthcare in an already constricted system. Then looks at the implications of COVID-19 as an additional strain. Interviews of professionals will survey preparedness, regulatory impacts, repercussions to the business model, impact on service capacity, and opportunities for improvement. Interested parties would include patient advocates, patients, healthcare workers, politicians, and employers.

Lessons From The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Role Of Socioeconomic Status In Health Outcomes, Leila Karout

Anthós

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought upon the world many challenges, both for the health and safety of citizens and in the public health system. Along with these challenges, pre-existing inequalities have been exacerbated. Vulnerable populations have struggled during these times not only due to their increased likelihood of pre-existing health conditions, but in finding access to quality care and treatment. Thus, it is important to discuss and examine the outcomes of this pandemic for those most at risk as this is telling to the current state of our healthcare system and what changes should be made. COVID-19 has again revealed …

Oral Vaccination Approaches For Anti-Shiv Immunity, Erandi Velarde De La Cruz, Lingyun Wang, Deepanwita Bose, Sailaja Gangadhara, Robert L. Wilson, Rama R. Amara, Pamela A. Kozlowski, Anna Aldovini

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

We modified a Sabin Oral Poliovirus Vaccine (OPV) vector to permit secretion of the antigens of interest with the goal of improving anti-HIV Env humoral responses in a SHIV mucosal immunization composed of DNA and recombinant OPVs. We evaluated stimulation of systemic and mucosal cell-mediated and humoral immunity in Rhesus macaques by two regimens, both involving a prime with a SHIVBG505 DNA construct producing non-infectious particles formulated in lipid nanoparticles, administered in the oral cavity, and two different viral vector boostings, administered in the oral cavity and intestinally. Group 1 was boosted with rMVA-SHIVBG505, expressing SIV Gag/Pol and HIVBG505 Env. …

Demographics, Activities, And Environmental Factors Impact Burnout In A National Survey Of Emergency Medicine Residents, Nicole Battaglioli, Tim P. Moran, Simiao Li-Sauerwine

Journal of Wellness

Introduction: Burnout in emergency medicine and in residency training has been well-described. The impact of demographic, individual, and programmatic factors on burnout have not previously been determined in a national survey of emergency medicine residents. This study aimed to identify personal and environmental factors impacting resident burnout in a national sample of emergency medicine residents.

Methods: A prospective Emergency Medicine Resident Wellness Survey was administered in 2017. We surveyed respondents on demographic, personal, and environmental factors; each respondent also completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey. Linear regressions were used to identify variables associated with the Maslach Burnout …

Longitudinal Trauma Treatment Outcomes In An Immigrant And Refugee Sample, Shuen-En Ho

Clinical Psychology Dissertations

Refugee and immigrant populations are at an increased risk of having posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and exhibit a significant amount of variance in trauma treatment outcomes that may be impacted by sociocultural factors. This study examines the impact of demographic variables on treatment outcome and trajectory of PTSD symptoms in a clinic setting with trauma-focused treatments in refugee/immigrant and general populations. Data was collected from the electronic medical record at the Harborview Center for Sexual Assault and Traumatic Stress. A total of 817 participants completed intake, 58 of which self-identified as immigrant/refugee. One-way ANOVAs were conducted to examine group differences …

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (Mis-C) In Pakistani Children: A Description Of The Phenotypes And Comparison With Historical Cohorts Of Children With Kawasaki Disease And Myocarditis, Shazia Mohsin, Qalab Abbas, Devyani Chowdhary, Farah Khalid, Abdul Sattar Sheikh, Zuviya Ghazala Ali Khan, Nadeem Aslam, Omaima Anis Bhatti, Maha Inam, Ali Faisal Saleem, Adnan T. Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objectives: To determine clinical, laboratory features and outcomes of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children (MIS-C) and its comparison with historic Kawasaki Disease (KD) and Viral Myocarditis (VM) cohorts.
Methods: All children (1 month- 18 years) who fulfilled the World Health Organization criteria of MIS-C presenting to two tertiary care centers in Karachi from May 2020 till August 31st were included. KD and VM admitted to one of the study centers in the last five years prior to this pandemic, was compared to MIS-C.
Results: Thirty children with median age of 24 (interquartile range (IQR)1-192) months met the criteria for MIS-C. …

Reference-Dependent Choice On Digital Platforms, Joshua K. Kaisen

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Throughout this dissertation I explore a significant departure from the standard model of rationality known as reference-dependence. The theory reference-dependence asserts that an individual’s choice is dependent on their frame of reference established through factors divorced from their rational cost and benefit. This behavior is inefficient as individuals fail to rationally optimize their payoffs. This behavior is understudied in natural settings where isolating specific stimuli which may establish a reference is challenging. However, digital platforms contain limited stimuli which are fully observable to researchers and present an ideal setting to study the theory of reference-dependence. Thus, I introduce three new …

Effect Of Clinical Isolate Or Cleavage Site Mutations In The Sars-Cov-2 Spike Protein On Protein Stability, Cleavage, And Cell-Cell Fusion, Chelsea T. Barrett, Hadley E. Neal, Kearstin Edmonds, Carole L. Moncman, Rachel Thompson, Jean M. Branttie, Kerri Beth Boggs, Cheng-Yu Wu, Daisy W. Leung, Rebecca E. Dutch

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The trimeric severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein (S) is the sole viral protein responsible for both viral binding to a host cell and the membrane fusion event needed for cell entry. In addition to facilitating fusion needed for viral entry, S can also drive cell-cell fusion, a pathogenic effect observed in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. While several studies have investigated S requirements involved in viral particle entry, examination of S stability and factors involved in S cell-cell fusion remain limited. A furin cleavage site at the border between the S1 and S2 subunits (S1/S2) has …

2021-06-20_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Seeking Similarities Rather Than Differences With Adults To Aid In Therapeutic Advancement For Children., Mara L. Becker, Walter K. Kraft

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of High-Risk Pedigrees Identifies 12 Candidate Variants For Alzheimer's Disease, Craig C. Teerlink, Justin B. Miller, Elizabeth L. Vance, Lyndsay A. Staley, Jeffrey Stevens, Justina P. Tavana, Matthew E. Cloward, Madeline L. Page, Louisa Dayton, Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium, Lisa A. Cannon-Albright, John S. K. Kauwe

Institute for Biomedical Informatics Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Analysis of sequence data in high-risk pedigrees is a powerful approach to detect rare predisposition variants.

METHODS: Rare, shared candidate predisposition variants were identified from exome sequencing 19 Alzheimer's disease (AD)-affected cousin pairs selected from high-risk pedigrees. Variants were further prioritized by risk association in various external datasets. Candidate variants emerging from these analyses were tested for co-segregation to additional affected relatives of the original sequenced pedigree members.

RESULTS: AD-affected high-risk cousin pairs contained 564 shared rare variants. Eleven variants spanning 10 genes were prioritized in external datasets: rs201665195 (ABCA7), and rs28933981 (TTR) were previously …

Evidence On Child Nutrition Recommendations And Challenges In Crisis Settings: A Scoping Review, Aniqa Islam Marshall, Gideon Lasco, Mathudara Phaiyarom, Nattanicha Pangkariya, Phetdavanh Leuangvilay, Pigunkaew Sinam, Rapeepong Suphanchaimat, Sataporn Julchoo, Watinee Kunpeuk, Yunting Zhang

Development Studies Faculty Publications

Adequate child nutrition is critical to child development, yet child malnutrition is prevalent in crisis settings. However, the intersection of malnutrition and disasters is sparse. This study reviews existing evidence on nutrition responses and outcomes for infants and young children during times of crisis. The scoping review was conducted via two approaches: a systematic search and a purposive search. For the systematic search, two key online databases, PubMed and Science Direct, were utilized. In total, data from 32 studies were extracted and included in the data extraction form. Additionally, seven guidelines and policy documents were included, based on relevance to …

Left Ventricular Recovery With Explantation Of Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device After 5 Years Of Support, Andre Critsinelis, Chitaru Kurihara, Masashi Kawabori, Tadahisa Sugiura, Andrew B Civitello, Jeffrey A Morgan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Mechanical circulatory support may result in sufficient myocardial recovery to allow for explantation of the left ventricular assist device (LVAD). The duration of support associated with left ventricular recovery has generally been 6-12 months. In this report, we present a patient in whom the left ventricle recovered after 5 years of support with a LVAD. Our report demonstrates that long-term monitoring for left ventricular recovery is prudent and may allow for late device explantation.

Users’ Satisfaction On Sc/St Book Bank Scheme Through Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis, Kutty Kumar Dr, Kutty Kumar Dr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Ordinal Logistic Regression (OLR) is used to predict an ordinal structured variable given one or more independent variables. In this study, OLR used to decide the level of satisfaction on SC/ST book bank scheme (ordinal independent variable), measured on a five-point Likert type scale from “completely dissatisfied-1 through completely satisfied-5, depending on the discernment of ‘life science’ and ‘engineering students belonging to Scheduled Caste (SC) or Tribe (ST)’. Model appropriateness depends on determining which explanatory variables considered for the model and selecting the link function (complementary log-log link function used in this study). Likewise, the model fitting perceptions, the accuracy …

2021-06-19_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Spatial, Temporal, And Demographic Patterns In Prevalence Of Smoking Tobacco Use And Attributable Disease Burden In 204 Countries And Territories, 1990-2019: A Systematic Analysis From The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2019, Ismaeel Yunusa Ph. D., Marissa B. Reitsma, Parkes J. Kendrick, Emad Ababneh, Cristiana Abbafati, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

Background

Ending the global tobacco epidemic is a defining challenge in global health. Timely and comprehensive estimates of the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden are needed to guide tobacco control efforts nationally and globally.

Methods

We estimated the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden for 204 countries and territories, by age and sex, from 1990 to 2019 as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study. We modelled multiple smoking-related indicators from 3625 nationally representative surveys. We completed systematic reviews and did Bayesian meta-regressions for 36 causally linked health …

Lean Six Sigma As An Enabler For Healthcare Operational Excellence In Covid-19, Olivia Mcdermott Dr, Antony Jiju

International Conference on Lean Six Sigma

1. Purpose -This paper aims to present the results of a qualitative research interview study on the utilization and importance of Lean Six Sigma methods in the Healthcare sector in COVID-19 and in pandemics in general.
2. Design/methodology/approach -a qualitative interview approach was utilised by interviewing leading Lean Six Sigma academics and practitioners who are expert in and have experience in Lean Six Sigma.
3. Findings – Lean Six Sigma methods are proven and can be utilised in pandemic situations to improve efficiency and resilience in the healthcare system and readiness for pandemics.
4. Research limitations/implications - One limitation of this research was that …

Application Of Lean Six Sigma To Reduce The Cost Of Regulatory Noncompliance., Reham Nour, Chad Laux

International Conference on Lean Six Sigma

1. Purpose

This research focused on the adoption of Six Sigma within FDA-regulated pharmaceutical companies to create an effective CAPA system for reducing the cost of noncompliance and supporting organizational performance.

2. Design/Methodology/Approach

This study utilized the DMAIC methodology, in a case study, to improve the CAPA process within a medical device company regulated by the FDA. All the critical requirements for compliance CAPA system was being defined from the FDA sources and the DMAIC model was be applied to improve and maintain CAPA performance.

3. Findings

Using the DMAIC approach supported identifying the bottlenecks and process variation. within CAPA. …

2021-06-18_Michiganoverview_Covidbedppe, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Hospital Data

Contains the tables Statewide Hospital Capacity Report for COVID-19, COVID-19 Metrics, Statewide Hospital Available PPE Tracking for COVID-19, as well as the tables PPE Days On Hand and Patient Census.

Coronavirus Update 6-18-2021, The Coronavirus Planning Team

University Briefings & Virtual Events

Given the current state of the virus, and the widespread availability of the vaccine, state and federal public health officials continue to strongly recommend the vaccine but are not requiring it. As a result, the University will follow suit by strongly encouraging, but not mandating, the vaccine for all on campus in the fall.

2021-06-18_Michigandaily_Covidmap, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Daily Michigan COVID-19 Update

The "WHERE WE STAND WITH COVID-19" map was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily at 3p.m., Monday - Saturday.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled.

The image contained a map, indicating total cases by county, and also provides statistics on Total Confirmed Cases, Total COVID-19 Deaths, Daily Confirmed Cases, and Daily COVID-19 Deaths. There …

2021-06-18_Michiganoverview_Covidstats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Cumulative Michigan COVID-19 Data

The COVID Overview page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https:/www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163-520743--,00.html.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled. It is updated Monday - Friday.
This report is provisional and subject to change. City of Detroit and Wayne County are reported separately. MDHHS began tracking probable cases April 5, 2020. FCI indicates federal correctional institute. MDOC indicates Michigan Department of Corrections. Diagnostic tests, including nucleic acid amplification/real-time polymerase chain reaction (NAAT/RT-PCR) and rapid virus antigen detection point of …

2021-06-18_Michiganoverview_Covidvaccinestats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Vaccine Data

The COVID Vaccine Dashboard page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98178_103214-547150--,00.html.

Data is updated Monday through Friday. Previously reported numbers of administered vaccine doses may change as new data are received. A possible lag in reporting vaccine doses will result in increases in numbers previously reported.

This report is created by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services Division of Immunization from data reported to the Michigan Care Improvement Registry (MCIR).

The dashboard contained the tabs Vaccines Delivered, Delivery Trend, Doses Administered, Doses by Vaccine, Doses Metrics, Coverage, Coverage Metrics …

Social Determinants Of Health Screening And Preventive Care: A Survey To Assist In Linking Patients To Community Resources In Payson, Utah, Gabriel Ghanadan

Undergraduate Honors Theses

A survey was conducted to screen for social factors that may negatively affect the health of patients being seen by physicians at the Revere Health Family Medicine Clinic in Payson, Utah. Patients who expressed the need for local community services and resources were referred to these services by researchers via phone after physicians were consulted. Out of 690 individuals who visited the clinic between November 11 to December 2, 2019, the survey was administered to and filled out completely by 169 patients. Demographic information on participants was not collected to reduce response time and encourage participation. One hundred and twelve …

Public Discussion Of Anthrax On Twitter: Using Machine Learning To Identify Relevant Topics And Events, Michele Miller, William Lee Romine, Terry L. Oroszi

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Social media allows researchers to study opinions and reactions to events in real time. One area needing more study is anthrax-related events. A computational framework that utilizes machine learning techniques was created to collect tweets discussing anthrax, further categorize them as relevant by the month of data collection, and detect discussions on anthrax-related events. Objective: The objective of this study was to detect discussions on anthrax-related events and to determine the relevance of thetweets and topics of discussion over 12 months of data collection. Methods: This is an infoveillance study, using tweets in English containing the keyword “Anthrax” and …

Microrna Heterogeneity, Innate-Immune Defense And The Efficacy Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection—A Commentary, Walter J. Lukiw

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a member of the genus Betacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae, possesses an unusually large single-stranded viral RNA (ssvRNA) genome of about ~29,811 nucleotides (nt) that causes severe and acute respiratory distress and a highly lethal viral pneumonia known as COVID-19. COVID-19 also presents with multiple ancillary systemic diseases and often involves cardiovascular, inflammatory, and/or neurological complications. Pathological viral genomes consisting of ssvRNA, like cellular messenger RNA (mRNA), are susceptible to attack, destruction, neutralization, and/or modulation by naturally occurring small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) within the host cell, some of which are known as microRNAs (miRNAs). …