Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Frequency Of Retinopathy Of Prematurity (Rop) In Infants Screened For Rop: Two Years Follow-Up Results Of A Single Center In Turkey, Adem Ugurlu

BioMedicine

Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants referred to our clinic for screening ROP.

Material and Method: The data of 729 infants who were referred to the ROP outpatient clinic of the Ophthalmology Unit of Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Turkey between April 2018 and March 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The gestational age and weight of the infants, stay in the neonatal intensive care unit, duration of oxygen therapy, and detailed ophthalmologic examination findings were recorded in the study.

Findings and Results: Of the 729 babies screened for ROP,122 …

Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery Opens Up Concerns About Thyroid Function, Kaveh Haddadi, Saeed Heidarpour Khanghah, Siavash Moradi, Masoud Shayesteh Azar, Ozra Akha, Saeed Ehteshami

BioMedicine

Background and objectives: The anterior approach for cervical discectomy and fixation is a valuable procedure for decompression of the spinal cord in patients with severe canal stenosis and stabilization of cervical vertebral column. Although some studies have investigated the thyroid complications especially in cervical cancer surgery or recently in tracheostomy, little research has been performed on the anterior spine surgery so far. The present study aimed to evaluate possible changes in the thyroid in patients experiencing anterior cervical approaches for degenerative diseases.

Materials and Methods: Seventy patients who were undergoing anterior cervical spine surgery were selected and their demographic information …

Konjac Glucomannan Polysaccharide And Inulin Oligosaccharide Ameliorate Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis And Alterations In Fecal Microbiota And Short-Chain Fatty Acids In C57bl/6j Mice, Chih-Hsuan Changchien, Cheng-Hsin Wang, Hsiao-Ling Chen

BioMedicine

Background: Konjac glucomannan polysaccharide (KGM), inulin oligosaccharide (inulin) and their mixture has been shown to modulate the gut-associated lymphoid tissue immunity.

Aims: The present study was mainly to determine effects of a low-level (2% w/w) KGM and inulin and their combination on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. We also determine the potential mechanisms mediating these effects of dietary fibers.

Methods: C57BL/6J mice (6 weeks of age, eight per group) were randomly assigned to consume one of the following diets: control (DSS group) or control diet supplemented with 2% (w/w) of KGM (KGM group), 2% (w/w) of inulin oligosaccharide (degree of …

Evaluation Of Fructosamine 3-Kinase And Glyoxalase 1 Activity In Normal And Breast Cancer Tissues, Tooba Yousefi, Abdol Rahim Gholizadeh Pasha, Ghodsieh Kamrani, Ailin Ebrahimzadeh, Ali Zahedian, Karimollah Hajian-Tilaki, Mohammad Aghajani, Durdi Qujeq

BioMedicine

Background: Breast cancer is a typical malignancy and the most common in the female and it is the primary reason behind cancer-related deaths of women around the world. The pathological role of the non-enzymatic change of proteins by reducing sugars become frequently shows in different kinds of cancer. Cancer cells generally rely upon aerobic glycolysis as the main source of energy. Impaired glucose metabolism is somewhat responsible for the aggregation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Methylglyoxal (MG), a glycolysis byproduct either contributes to the accumulation of AGEs. Enzymatic defense upon AGEs products exists in all mammalian cells. Aims: …

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): A Literature Review From A Nursing Perspective, Amir Emami Zeydi, Mohammad Javad Ghazanfari, Farzam Shaikhi Sanandaj, Reza Panahi, Hamed Mortazavi, Keyvan Karimifar, Samad Karkhah, Joseph Osuji

BioMedicine

Introduction: As the COVID-19 pandemic ravages the world, nursing resources, and capacities play an essential role in disease management. This literature review focuses on the central issues related to the nursing care of patients affected by COVID-19.

Material and Methods: This literature review was conducted with an extensive search of databases, including PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), and Scopus, using the keywords "COVID19", "2019-nCoV disease", "2019 novel coronavirus infection", "Nurse", "Nursing Care", and "Nursing management." The span of the literature search was between December 01, 2020, and January 12, 2021. A total of 28 original and English-language articles …

Nosocomial Covid-19 Infection In Patients With Nasal Trauma During Coronavirus Pandemic, Reza Erfanian, Mahdokht Manavi, Saeed Sohrabpour, Shirin Irani, Mohammadreza Firouzifar

BioMedicine

Objectives: Considering the reduction of patients' attendance in hospitals, including patients with nose fracture, in fear of COVID-19 transmission, this study aims to investigate the risk of nosocomial COVID-19 transmission in patients with nasal trauma seeking medical care in hospital.

Methods: Patients with nasal trauma referred to our specialized ENT referral center were evaluated, treated, and followed, up to two weeks. After discharge, COVID-19 symptoms were questioned by telephone, and additional assessments were requested for suspected patients.

Results: Out of 108 patients with possible nasal fracture, 27 didn’t need nasal reduction after physical examination while 81 required nasal bone reduction. …

Levels Of Evidence Within Cardiovascular Medicine Research In Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review, Sultan Alotaibi, Alexandra M. Schuster, Bernardo Perez-Villa, Jaime Hernandez-Montfort

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

International commitments to reduce the prevalence of non-communicable disease have led the Government of Saudi Arabia to invest more in research related to cardiovascular disease. However, the strength of evidence derived from this research activities remains unclear. The aim of our study was to examine the level of evidence within clinical Cardiovascular Medicine research in Saudi Arabia. We conducted a systematic review of published articles that included a population from Saudi Arabia. Electronic databases EMBASE and MEDLINE (Ovid) were searched up to 25th of April 2021, supplemented by a second search in CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and …

Disparities In Covid-19 Rates Among Various Demographics And Lack Of Racial Representation In Medical Texts, Diangelo Gonzalez

Celebration of Learning

The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, which originated in Wuhan, China in December of 2019, has impacted nations all over the globe. Given the health disparities which existed within the United States prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, this pandemic continued to pose a significant challenge to the health of the public. The aims of this research study were twofold: (1) to analyze the incidence rates of COVID-19 among different racial and ethnic groups within the United States and (2) to describe the occurrence of diversity within medical texts. Overall, the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated health disparities within the United States. Understanding …

2021-08-25_Michigandaily_Covidmap, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Daily Michigan COVID-19 Update

The "WHERE WE STAND WITH COVID-19" map was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily at 3p.m., Monday - Saturday.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled.

The image contained a map, indicating total cases by county, and also provides statistics on Total Confirmed Cases, Total COVID-19 Deaths, Daily Confirmed Cases, and Daily COVID-19 Deaths. There …

2021-08-25_Michiganoverview_Covidbedppe, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Hospital Data

Contains the tables Statewide Hospital Capacity Report for COVID-19, COVID-19 Metrics, Statewide Hospital Available PPE Tracking for COVID-19, as well as the tables PPE Days On Hand and Patient Census.

Forward Together Update [Pfizer-Biontech Vaccine, Masks, & Test Kits], August 25, 2021, University Of Northern Iowa

UNI Response to COVID-19

Provides an update that the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine has been fully approved and that the vaccine is available at the Student Health Clinic. Also provides reminders on the use of face coverings, the Panther Health Survey and who should fill it out, and the availability of test kits for COVID-19 at the Student Health Center.

Environmental Scan Of Primary Care Needs In The Last Decade (2010-2020), Ravninder Bahniwal

Family Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.

Association Of Oral Microbiota With Lung Cancer Risk In A Low-Income Population In The Southeastern Usa, Jiajun Shi, Yaohua Yang, Hua Xie, Xiaofei Wang, Jie Wu, Jirong Long, Regina Courtney, Xiao-Ou Shu, Wei Zheng, William J. Blot, Qiuyin Cai

Biology Faculty Research

Purpose

Oral microbiome plays an important role in oral health and systemic diseases, including cancer. We aimed to prospectively investigate the association of oral microbiome with lung cancer risk.

Methods

We analyzed 156 incident lung cancer cases (73 European Americans and 83 African Americans) and 156 individually matched controls nested within the Southern Community Cohort Study. Oral microbiota were assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing in pre-diagnostic mouth rinse samples. Paired t test and the permutational multivariate analysis of variance test were used to evaluate lung cancer risk association with alpha diversity or beta diversity, respectively. Conditional logistic regression models …

Use Of Intravitreal Methotrexate Infusion In Complicated Retinal Detachment For Prevention Of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy In A Pilot Study, Sana Jahangir, Tehmina Jahangir, Muhammad H. Ali, Qasim Lateef, Uzma Hamza, Haroon Tayyab

Section of Ophthalmology

Objective: The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of per-operative intravitreal methotrexate (MTX) infusion during vitrectomy in patients of retinal detachment (RD) with advanced grade proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).
Methods: In this prospective interventional case series, we included patients with Grade C PVR, recurrent RD, and open globe trauma. All patients underwent standard single surgeon operated 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with 80mg of MTX in 1000mL of irrigation fluid. All patients were followed up after four months to assess the final status of retinal attachment and visual acuity. Ethical review board permission was sought …

A Cancer Ubiquitome Landscape Identifies Metabolic Reprogramming As Target Of Parkin Tumor Suppression, Ekta Agarwal, Aaron R Goldman, Hsin-Yao Tang, Andrew V Kossenkov, Jagadish C Ghosh, Lucia Languino, Valentina Vaira, David W Speicher, Dario C Altieri

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Changes in metabolism that affect mitochondrial and glycolytic networks are hallmarks of cancer, but their impact in disease is still elusive. Using global proteomics and ubiquitome screens, we now show that Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase and key effector of mitophagy altered in Parkinson's disease, shuts off mitochondrial dynamics and inhibits the non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway. This blocks tumor cell movements, creates metabolic and oxidative stress, and inhibits primary and metastatic tumor growth. Uniformly down-regulated in cancer patients, Parkin tumor suppression requires its E3 ligase function, is reversed by antioxidants, and is independent of mitophagy. These data …

2021-08-25_Michiganoverview_Covidstats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Cumulative Michigan COVID-19 Data

The COVID Overview page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https:/www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163-520743--,00.html.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled. COVID case and testing data will be posted three times a week on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.

This report is provisional and subject to change. City of Detroit and Wayne County are reported separately. MDHHS began tracking probable cases April 5, 2020. FCI indicates federal correctional institute. MDOC indicates Michigan Department of Corrections. Diagnostic tests, including nucleic acid amplification/real-time …

Cognitive And Behavioral Domains That Reliably Differentiate Normal Aging And Dementia In Down Syndrome, Jordan P. Harp, Lisa M. Koehl, Kathryn L. Van Pelt, Christy L. Hom, Eric Doran, Elizabeth Head, Ira T. Lott, Frederick A. Schmitt

Neurology Faculty Publications

Primary care integration of Down syndrome (DS)-specific dementia screening is strongly advised. The current study employed principal components analysis (PCA) and classification and regression tree (CART) analyses to identify an abbreviated battery for dementia classification. Scale- and subscale-level scores from 141 participants (no dementia n = 68; probable Alzheimer’s disease n = 73), for the Severe Impairment Battery (SIB), Dementia Scale for People with Learning Disabilities (DLD), and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales—Second Edition (Vineland-II) were analyzed. Two principle components (PC1, PC2) were identified with the odds of a probable dementia diagnosis increasing 2.54 times per PC1 unit increase and by …

Great (Soft) Power Competition: Us And Chinese Efforts In Global Health Engagement, Michael W. Wissemann

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Global health engagement, an underutilized strategy rooted in the strengths of soft power persuasion, can lead to more military-to-military cooperation training, help establish relationships that can be relied on when crises develop, stabilize fragile states, and deny violent extremist organizations space for recruiting and operations. Examining Chinese efforts worldwide to curry favor and influence and the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, this article shows health as a medium is a very compelling and advantageous whole-of-government approach to national security policy concerns.

Table Of Contents

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

2021 Scas Annual Meeting Program And Bulletin

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Investigation Of Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteriophage Population At A South Carolina University: The Disappearance Of S. Aureus Bacteriophage Population Amidst The Covid-19 Pandemic, Korinne M. Swanson, Owen R. Smith, Madaline N. Plank, Paul E. Richardson

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

Bacteriophages are naturally occurring, nonpathogenic viruses, which infect bacterial cells. Recently, bacteriophage research has increased with hopes of using them against antibiotic resistant bacterial infections in the future. This study aimed to determine a possible correlation between perceived stress and the Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage population at Coastal Carolina University (CCU), Conway, South Carolina, using isolation and characterization techniques to further understand humans as a potential bacteriophage source. From October 2020 to March 2021, nasal and postauricular swab samples were collected from 12 participants on a monthly basis along with a perceived stress survey. Samples were subjected to filtration, amplification, plaque …

The Effect Of Qualitative Versus Quantitative Nutritional Education On The Eating Habits Of Female High School Athletes, Brantley Aycock

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

A Simple And Reliable Reporter Assay To Test Sirna-Mediated Silencing Of Hiv-1 Gene Functions, Kylie R. Tager, William H. Jackson

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infects and kills CD4+ T-lymphocytes causing a progressive loss of host immune competence, which ultimately leads to AIDS. RNA interference, as mediated by short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) designed to target viral mRNAs and expressed endogenously, offer a potential gene therapy approach to inhibit HIV replication. However, a simple and reliable method to screen the silencing activity of particular anti-HIV siRNAs is useful prior to conducting more extensive experimentation to determine the downstream effects on viral replication. Here, a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting HIV-1 Rev (Revsh8526) was designed and cloned into an expression plasmid under …

The Effect Of Poverty Levels And Minority Percentages On Lead Content In South Carolina Midlands School Drinking Water, Kathleen L. Barfield

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Sars-Cov-2: A Study Of The Dispersion Characteristics Of Aerosol Particles Using Ultrafast Carbon Nanotube Sensors In A Simulated Indoor Environment (A Novel Technique), Shriya Kapoor

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Ayurvedic Plant Extracts-- Mucuna Pruriens And Brassica Oleracea--On The Delay Of Motor Symptoms In Pink1 Drosophila Melanogaster: A Model Of Parkinson's Disease, Sanjana Parise

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Exploring The Effect Of Metal Chelating Properties Of Hylocereus Undatus, Artocarpus Heterophyllus, And Rubus Idaeus On The Lifespan Of Caenorhabditis Elegans: Potential Ace Inhibitors, Evelyn Plakal

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

A “License To Kale”—Free Speech Challenges To Occupational Licensing Of Nutrition And Dietetics, Taylor J. Newman, Angela E. Surrett

St. Mary's Law Journal

State licensing of medical professions has occurred for over a century. Recently, these licensure statutes have been subject to First Amendment challenges, alleging occupational licensure impermissibly restricts freedom of speech. This Comment addresses these free speech challenges, arguing occupational licensure statutes, at least for medical professions, only incidentally impacts free speech—if at all—by permissibly regulating medical professional conduct necessarily requiring speech. Within, the authors ultimately describe, demonstrate, and recommend a legal framework, the other factor/personal nexus approach. This approach helps determine the point at which speech becomes regulable professional conduct subject to licensing, utilizing the nutrition and dietetics profession, and …

Endeavors Toward Novel Synthetic Roadmaps In The Synthesis Of Pertinent Pharmacological Molecular Scaffold Moieties, Justin David Horgan

Theses and Dissertations

One of the main goals in the GML lab group is the development of novel, economical, and environmentally friendly organic methods for the synthesis of pharmacologically relevant molecular moieties. The most salient pieces of data to the GML lab group members, reading dependable organic journals, are finding organic moieties that are largely unexplored, finding organic moieties which various research groups are having difficulty synthesizing, and finding complex organic procedures to key organic structures that can be easily reduced, or reconstructed, into novel methods that are more economical and environmentally friendly. By looking at these unexplored molecules, as well as hard …

Structural Polymorphism Of Chitin And Chitosan In Fungal Cell Walls From Solid-State Nmr And Principal Component Analysis, Liyanage D. Fernando, Malitha C. Dickwella Widanage, Jackson Penfield, Andrew S. Lipton, Nancy Washton, Jean Paul Latgé, Ping Wang, Liqun Zhang, Tuo Wang

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Chitin is a major carbohydrate component of the fungal cell wall and a promising target for novel antifungal agents. However, it is technically challenging to characterize the structure of this polymer in native cell walls. Here, we recorded and compared 13C chemical shifts of chitin using isotopically enriched cells of six Aspergillus, Rhizopus, and Candida strains, with data interpretation assisted by principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) methods. The structure of chitin is found to be intrinsically heterogeneous, with peak multiplicity detected in each sample and distinct fingerprints observed across fungal species. Fungal chitin exhibits partial similarity …