Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Factors Influencing The Relationship Between Work-Related Stress And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Working Black Adults In The United States, Paul C. Archibald

Publications and Research

Introduction: Work-related stress (WRS) and posttraumatic disorder (PTSD) is higher among Black adults relative to their White counterparts. Trauma exposure is not the only connection to increased risk for PTSD as WRS is highly associated with risk for PTSD. However, the factors that link WRS and PTSD among working Black adults is not well understood. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional data from the National Survey of American Life was used to examine the relationship between WRS and PTSD among 2,139 working Black adults and to determine whether there are influencing factors. Results: Logistic regression analyses revealed that working …

Spatial Disparities: The Role Of Nativity In Neighborhood Exposure To Alcohol And Tobacco Retailers, Georgiana Bostean, Luis A. Sánchez, Jason A. Douglas

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

Studies of retail environment, one of the social determinants of health, document racial/ethnic disparities in exposure to alcohol and tobacco (A and T) retailers, but have largely overlooked nativity. We examined associations between A and T retailer density and rates of foreign-born Latinx and foreign-born Asian residents in California census tracts (N = 7888), using spatial regressions and controlling for population and ecological confounders (e.g., population density, zoning, residential instability, urbanicity). Socio-demographic data came from the American Community Survey (2012–2016); census tract density of A and T retailers came from geocoded addresses from state license data for off-sale alcohol distributors …

Predictors Of Handgrip Strength Changes In Elderly Patients, Ummi Ulfah Madina, Siti Setiati, Purwita Wijaya Laksmi, Arif Mansjoer

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. The increasing elderly population throughout the world has been related to the increased prevalence of sarcopenia and frailty. Handgrip strength is a component of sarcopenia, one of frailty syndrome phenotypes. Previous studies have assessed the association of age, sex, nutritional status, functional status, mental status, and comorbidity, but varied results. No longitudinal study has been done to determine the correlation of handgrip strength changes with age, sex, nutritional status, functional status, mental status, and comorbidity in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between age, sex, nutritional status, functional status, depressive symptoms, comorbidity, and handgrip …

The Influence Of Characteristics And Behavior On The Incidence Of Pulmonary Tuberclosis In Al-Hidayah Pesantren, Kejuruan Muda Subdistric Tamiang District, Aceh Province, 2019, Indah Anggraini, Basaria Hutabarat

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease that is a global issue. Some factors influence the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis, among others, the source of infection, a high amount of virulence bacilli, and decreased endurance. This study aims to determine the effect of characteristics and behavior on the incidence of pulmonary TB disease in Al-Hidayah Islamic Boarding School, Vocational School, Aceh Tamiang Regency. Method. This research is analytic with a cross-sectional research design. Data analysis uses Chi-Square test and Logistic Regression) to determine the influence of the most dominant risk factors with pulmonary TB disease incidence. Results. The results …

Depression In Heart Failure: Psychosomatic Approachv, Rudi Putranto, Hamzah Shatri, Ika Prasetya Wijaya, Edward Faisal

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Depression is a common condition in heart failure (HF) and is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Depression disorder in patients with heart disease paradigmatically defines a psychosomatic-somatopsychic challenge to any health delivery. However, despite the devastating effects of depression, it is often underdiagnosed and receives little attention in heart failure patients. This review provides an extensive overview of HF regarding epidemiology, disease pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management from the latest literature. Based on the literature review, the prevalence of depression in heart failure in Indonesian patients was 5.3-42%. Psychological stress experienced by people suffering from depression can cause dysregulation …

Uptake Of Health Services By Youth Living With Hiv: A Focused Ethnography, Maggie Zgambo, Diana Arabiat, Deb Ireson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Although several programs have been initiated to increase the uptake of health services amongst youth living with human immunodeficiency virus in the world, disparities in access to these care services still exist.

Aim: This study aimed to explore the experiences of young people as they attend the human immunodeficiency virus clinic and to identify factors affecting their uptake of health services in southern Malawi.

Methods: A focused ethnography was conducted to collect data from 20 youths living with human immunodeficiency virus and aged between 15 and 24 years through one-on-one in-depth interviews and casual observations. The interviews data were …

Diversity In Alzheimer's Disease Drug Trials: The Importance Of Eligibility Criteria, Sanne Franzen, Jade Emily Smith, Esther Van Den Berg, Monica Rivera Mindt, Rozemarijn L. Van Bruchem-Visser, Erin L. Abner, Lon S. Schneider, Niels D. Prins, Ganesh M. Babulal, Janne M. Papma

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: To generalize safety and efficacy findings, it is essential that diverse populations are well represented in Alzheimer's disease (AD) drug trials. In this review, we aimed to investigate participant diversity in disease-modifying AD trials over time, and the frequencies of participant eligibility criteria.

METHODS: A systematic review was performed using Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Clinicaltrials.gov, identifying 2247 records.

RESULTS: In the 101 included AD trials, participants were predominantly White (median percentage: 94.7%, interquartile range: 81.0-96.7%); and this percentage showed no significant increase or decrease over time (2001-2019). Eligibility criteria such as exclusion of persons with psychiatric illness …

The Covid-19 Assessment For Survival At Admission (Casa) Index: A 12 Months Observational Study, Gianluca Bagnato, Daniela La Rosa, Carmelo Ioppolo, Alberta De Gaetano, Marianna Chiappalone, Natalia Zirilli, Valeria Viapiana, Maria Concetta Tringali, Simona Tomeo, Caterina Oriana Aragona, Francesca Napoli, Sara Lillo, Natasha Irrera, William Neal Roberts, Egidio Imbalzano, Antonio Micari, Elvira Ventura Spagnolo, Giovanni Squadrito, Sebastiano Gangemi, Antonio Giovanni Versace

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease with a high rate of progression to critical illness. However, the stratification of patients at risk of mortality is not well defined. In this study, we aimed to define a mortality risk index to allocate patients to the appropriate intensity of care.

Methods: This is a 12 months observational longitudinal study designed to develop and validate a pragmatic mortality risk score to stratify COVID-19 patients aged ≥18 years and admitted to hospital between March 2020 and March 2021. Main outcome was in-hospital mortality.

Results: 244 patients were included in the study (mortality …

No Effect Of Hypercholesterolemia On Elastase-Induced Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Progression, Toru Ikezoe, Takahiro Shoji, Jia Guo, Fanru Shen, Hong S. Lu, Alan Daugherty, Masao Nunokawa, Hiroshi Kubota, Masaaki Miyata, Baohui Xu, Ronald L. Dalman

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

Objective: Epidemiological studies link hyperlipidemia with increased risk for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). However, the influence of lipid-lowering drugs statins on prevalence and progression of clinical and experimental AAAs varies between reports, engendering controversy on the association of hyperlipidemia with AAA disease. This study investigated the impact of hypercholesterolemia on elastase-induced experimental AAAs in mice. Methods: Both spontaneous (targeted deletion of apolipoprotein E) and induced mouse hypercholesterolemia models were employed. In male wild type (WT) C57BL/6J mice, hypercholesterolemia was induced via intraperitoneal injection of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) encoding a gain-of-function proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 mutation (PCSK9) followed by …

Multi-Phenotype Genome-Wide Association Studies Of The Norfolk Island Isolate Implicate Pleiotropic Loci Involved In Chronic Kidney Disease, Ngan K. Tran, Rodney A. Lea, Samuel Holland, Quan Nguyen, Arti M. Raghubar, Heidi G. Sutherland, Miles C. Benton, Nicholas B. Blackburn, Joanne E. Curran, John Blangero

School of Medicine Publications

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a persistent impairment of kidney function. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed multiple genetic loci associated with CKD susceptibility but the complete genetic basis is not yet clear. Since CKD shares risk factors with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, there may be pleiotropic loci at play but may go undetected when using single phenotype GWAS. Here, we used multi-phenotype GWAS in the Norfolk Island isolate (n = 380) to identify new loci associated with CKD. We performed a principal components analysis on different combinations of 29 quantitative traits to extract principal components (PCs) representative of multiple …

Testing, Training, And Optimising Performance Of Track Cyclists: A Systematic Mapping Review, Antony M. Stadnyk, Franco M. Impellizzeri, Jamie Stanley, Paolo Menaspà, Katie M. Slattery

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: Track cyclists must develop mental, physical, tactical and technical capabilities to achieve success at an elite level. Given the importance of these components in determining performance, it is of interest to understand the volume of evidence to support implementation in practice by coaches, practitioners, and athletes. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic mapping review to describe the current scale and density of research for testing, training and optimising performance in track cycling. METHODS: All publications involving track cyclist participants were reviewed from four databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Academic Search Complete, Cochrane Library) plus additional sources. …

Association Between Vitamin K1 Intake And Mortality In The Danish Diet, Cancer, And Health Cohort, Claire R. Palmer, Jamie W. Bellinge, Frederik Dalgaard, Marc Sim, Kevin Murray, Emma Connolly, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Catherine P. Bondonno, Kevin D. Croft, Gunnar Gislason, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, Carl Schultz, Joshua R. Lewis, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Nicola P. Bondonno

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Reported associations between vitamin K and both all-cause and cause-specific mortality are conflicting. The 56,048 participants from the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health prospective cohort study, with a median [IQR] age of 56 [52-60] years at entry and of whom 47.6% male, were followed for 23 years, with 14,083 reported deaths. Of these, 5015 deaths were CVD-related, and 6342 deaths were cancer-related. Intake of vitamin K (phylloquinone) was estimated from a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and its relationship with mortality outcomes was investigated using Cox proportional hazards models. A moderate to high (87-192 µg/d) intake of vitamin K was associated with …

Coaching Junior Faculty For The Uncertainties Of Academic Professional Practice, Richard Mcknight, Dimitrios Papanagnou

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Coronary Heart Disease (Chd) In Elderly Patients: Which Drug To Choose, Ticagrelor And Clopidogrel? A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Mohammed Ahmed Akkaif, Abubakar Sha'aban, Nur Aizati Athirah Daud, Ismaeel Yunusa Ph.D., Mei Li Ng, Muhamad Ali Sk Abdul Kader, Dzul Azri Mohamed Noor, Baharudin Ibrahim

Faculty Publications

Background: A new generation P2Y12 receptor inhibitor (ticagrelor) is recommended in current therapeutic guidelines to treat patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, it is unknown if ticagrelor is more effective than clopidogrel in elderly patients. Therefore, a systematic review was done to assess the effectiveness and safety of ticagrelor and clopidogrel in older patients with CHD to determine the appropriate antiplatelet treatment plan. Methodology: We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the effectiveness and safety of ticagrelor vs. clopidogrel in elderly patients with CHD. We selected eligible RCTs based on specified study criteria following …

Looking For Consistency In An Uncertain World: Test-Retest Reliability Of Neurophysiological And Behavioral Readouts In Autism., Shlomit Beker, John J Foxe, John Venticinque, Juliana Bates, Elizabeth M Ridgeway, Roseann C Schaaf, Sophie Molholm

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are associated with altered sensory processing and perception. Scalp recordings of electrical brain activity time-locked to sensory events (event-related potentials; ERPs) provide precise information on the time-course of related altered neural activity, and can be used to model the cortical loci of the underlying neural networks. Establishing the test-retest reliability of these sensory brain responses in ASD is critical to their use as biomarkers of neural dysfunction in this population.

METHODS: EEG and behavioral data were acquired from 33 children diagnosed with ASD aged 6-9.4 years old, while they performed a child-friendly task at two …

Stability Of The Sacral Table Angle In Pediatric Patients With Spinal Pathology, David G. Wallington, Patrick D. Albright, Alexandria I. Chrumka, Rebecca D. Funk, Dale E. Rowe, Joseph K. Weistroffer, Karen M. Bovid

Conference Presentation Abstracts

INTRODUCTION | Pelvic incidence, lumbar lordosis, and pelvisacral angle are common radiographic measures used to evaluate sagittal alignment of the spine and pelvis to assist in clinical decision making. However, the natural history of the sacral table angle (STA) is not well characterized, and there remains uncertainty regarding STA progression over time. Previous studies have established that the STA is stable over time in adult patients, however this question has not been answered for younger patients who have not reached skeletal maturity. In this study, we aim to determine sacral table angle stability over time in a younger patient population. …

Forging Resilience To Hiv/Aids: Personal Strengths Of Middle-Aged And Older Gay, Bisexual, And Other Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With Hiv/Aids, R. Liboro, J. Despres, B. Ranuschio, S. Bell, L. Barnes

Psychology Faculty Research

HIV-positive gay, bisexual, two-spirit, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) have exhibited significant resilience to HIV/AIDS in Canada since the start of the epidemic. Since 2012, most of the research that has been conducted on resilience to HIV/AIDS has utilized quantitative methods and deficits-based approaches, with a preferential focus on the plight of young MSM. In order to address apparent gaps in research on HIV/AIDS resilience, we conducted a community-based participatory research qualitative study that utilized a strengths-based approach to examine the perspectives and lived experiences of HIV-positive, middle-aged and older MSM on their individual attributes that …

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Assessment Of Treatment Response In A Patient With Multifocal Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Transarterial Chemo And Radioembolization, Esika Savsani, M. Tantawi, Corinne Wessner, Philip Lee, Andrej Lyshchik, Kevin Anton, Colette Shaw, Ji-Bin Liu, John R. Eisenbrey

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

Minimally invasive locoregional therapies have become important treatment options for patients with intermediate or late-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are ineligible for surgical resection or liver transplantation. Imaging modalities are essential for procedural guidance and for assessing treatment response thereafter. We report a unique finding of a patient with multifocal HCC treated with transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with yttrium-90 (Y90) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). We compared contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) in the evaluation of treatment response to demonstrate advantages of CEUS imaging technique and its early detection of viable tumor.

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound: New Concepts And Future Trends, Yaoting Wang, Huihui Chai, Ruizhong Ye, Jingzhi Li, Ji-Bin Liu, Chen Lin, Chengzhong Peng

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

Ultrasound (US) technology, with major advances and new developments, has become an essential and first-line imaging modality for clinical diagnosis and interventional treatment. US imaging has evolved from one-dimensional, twodimensional to three-dimensional display, and from static to real-time imaging, as well as from structural to functional imaging. Based on its portability and advanced digital imaging technique, US was first adopted by emergency medicine in the 1980s and gradually gained popularity among other specialists for clinical diagnosis and interventional treatment. Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) was then proposed as a new concept and developed for new uses, which greatly extended clinical US applications. …

Dental Professionals’ Perspectives Working With Aboriginal Children In Western Australia: A Qualitative Study, A. Durey, Lydia Hearn, S. Lund, M. O’Grady, L. Slack-Smith

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: The disproportionate burden of oral disease in Aboriginal children and the issues in accessing mainstream dental services are well documented. Yet little is known about dental professionals’ perspectives in providing oral care for Aboriginal children. This paper presents findings from a study exploring such perspectives.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were carried out in Western Australia following purposive sampling of non-Aboriginal dentists, dental clinic assistants (dental nurses) and oral health therapists/dental hygienists. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed guided by grounded theory for key themes related to the topic.

Results: Findings included a service delivery model sometimes unresponsive to Aboriginal families’ …

Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Protect Against The Progression Of Endometriosis, Sangappa B Chadchan, Pooja Popli, Chandrasekhar R Ambati, Eric Tycksen, Sang Jun Han, Serdar E Bulun, Nagireddy Putluri, Scott W Biest, Ramakrishna Kommagani

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Worldwide, ∼196 million are afflicted with endometriosis, a painful disease in which endometrial tissue implants and proliferates on abdominal peritoneal surfaces. Theories on the origin of endometriosis remained inconclusive. Whereas up to 90% of women experience retrograde menstruation, only 10% develop endometriosis, suggesting that factors that alter peritoneal environment might contribute to endometriosis. Herein, we report that whereas some gut bacteria promote endometriosis, others protect against endometriosis by fermenting fiber to produce short-chain fatty acids. Specifically, we found that altered gut microbiota drives endometriotic lesion growth and feces from mice with endometriosis contained less of short-chain fatty acid and n-butyrate …

Toward Improving Physician/Patient Communication Regarding Invisible Chronic Illness (Ici): The Potential Of Mhealth Technology In Instructional Communication, Jami Leigh Warren, Karen Clancy, Christy Brady, Kendall Rump, Tayla New-Oglesby

Journal of Communication Pedagogy

Patients that suffer from invisible chronic illness (ICI) such as autoimmune conditions, neurological conditions, and gastrointestinal problems often struggle to obtain a proper medical diagnosis due to a lack of objective indicators to help health-care providers diagnose patients with ICIs. Thus, researchers conducted interviews with 21 participants with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) to determine what messages they received from health-care providers as they pursued a diagnosis, how they interpreted those messages, and what role mHealth technology may play in improving patient/provider communication and effective diagnosis/treatment of ICIs. Several themes regarding potential instructional communication intervention content emerged from the interview …

Forward Together Update [Black Hawk County & Campus Trends, Eligibility Requirements Pfizer-Biontech Booster, & More], September 29, 2021, University Of Northern Iowa

UNI Response to COVID-19

Reports that the cases of COVID-19 are trending downward in Black Hawk County and on campus. Gives the eligibility requirements for getting the Pfizer-BioNTech booster shot. Reminds about the flu vaccine clinics on campus and the Panther Health Survey.

Vaccine Hesitancy Within Nevada Counties, June 2021, Kelliann Beavers, Madison Frazee-Bench, William E. Brown Jr.

Health

This fact sheet highlights estimated rates of vaccine hesitancy, vaccination rates, the index of social vulnerability, and the level of concern for 17 Nevada counties as of June, 2021. The data are reported in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) estimates.

2021-09-29_Michiganoverview_Covidstats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Cumulative Michigan COVID-19 Data

The COVID Overview page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https:/www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163-520743--,00.html.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled. COVID case and testing data will be posted three times a week on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.

This report is provisional and subject to change. City of Detroit and Wayne County are reported separately. MDHHS began tracking probable cases April 5, 2020. FCI indicates federal correctional institute. MDOC indicates Michigan Department of Corrections. Diagnostic tests, including nucleic acid amplification/real-time …

Introducing An Integrated Model Of Adults’ Wearable Activity Tracker Use And Obesity Information–Seeking Behaviors From A National Quota Sample Survey, Bokyung Kim, Seoyeon Celine Hong, Sungwook Kim

College of Communication & Creative Arts Departmental Research

Background: Research from multiple perspectives to investigate adults’ use of wearable activity-tracking devices is limited. We offer a multiperspective model and provide empirical evidence of what leads to frequent usage of wearable health technologies from a large, nationally representative survey sample. Objective: This study aims to explore factors affecting the use of wearable activity-tracking devices among health consumers from the perspectives of individual health beliefs (perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy) and information-seeking behaviors. Methods: Our Integrated Model of Wearable Activity Tracker (IMWAT) use and proposed hypotheses were validated and tested with data collected from a telephone survey …

Are Family Medicine Residents Trained To Counsel Patients On Physical Activity? The Canadian Experience And A Call To Action., Jane Thornton, Karim Khan, Richard Weiler, Christopher Mackie, Robert Petrella

Family Medicine Publications

Physical inactivity is a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and early mortality. Family physicians have an important role in providing physical activity counselling to patients to help prevent and treat NCDs. Lack of training on physical activity counselling is a barrier in undergraduate medical education, yet little is known regarding physical activity teaching in postgraduate family medicine residency. We assessed the provision, content and future direction of physical activity teaching in Canadian postgraduate family medicine residency programs to address this data gap. Fewer than half of Canadian Family Medicine Residency Programme directors reported providing structured physical activity counselling …

2021-09-29_Michigandaily_Covidmap, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Daily Michigan COVID-19 Update

The "WHERE WE STAND WITH COVID-19" map was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily at 3p.m., Monday - Saturday.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled.

The image contained a map, indicating total cases by county, and also provides statistics on Total Confirmed Cases, Total COVID-19 Deaths, Daily Confirmed Cases, and Daily COVID-19 Deaths. There …

2021-09-29_Michiganoverview_Covidbedppe, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Hospital Data

Contains the tables Statewide Hospital Capacity Report for COVID-19, COVID-19 Metrics, Statewide Hospital Available PPE Tracking for COVID-19, as well as the tables PPE Days On Hand and Patient Census.

Conservatively Managed Chronic Bronchopleural Fistula After Lung Cancer Tri-Modality Therapy: A Case Report, Nilanjan Haldar, Christian Fernandez, Nathaniel R. Evans Iii, Maria Werner-Wasik

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.