Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Validity, Reliability, And Measurement Error Of A Sit-To-Stand Power Test In Older Adults: A Pre-Registered Study, Anoop T. Balachandran

Publications and Research

Objectives: Lower body power declines with age and is associated with decreased physical function in older adults. However, the majority of the tools available to measure power are expensive and require considerable space and expertise to operate. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity, reliability, and measurement error of a sit-to-stand power test (STSp) to assess lower body power. Methods: 51 community-dwelling adults, 65 years or older, completed a power test using a pneumatic leg press (LP), the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) that includes a test of balance, usual walking speed, and chair stand tests; Timed …

2021 Transactions, American Dental Association

ADA Transactions

This item is part of the Transactions of the ADA, a serial publication of the annual activities of the ADA House of Delegates (HOD)/Board of Trustees (BOT). It is from the Transactions section, one of three subtitles that make up the full publication. Generally, the ADA Transactions are published in multiple volumes throughout the year. Pages from the Annual Reports and the Transactions are numbered consecutively (e.g. Annual Reports volume ends pg. 500 and Transactions volume starts at pg. 501). NOTE: All three subtitles are collectively known as the Transactions of the ADA or, alternatively, the ADA Transactions. Transactions refers …

2021 Annual Reports And Resolutions, American Dental Association

ADA Transactions

This item is part of the Annual Reports and Resolutions subtitle of the ADA Transactions, a serial publication of the annual activities of the ADA House of Delegates (HOD)/Board of Trustees (BOT) made up of three separate subtitles: Annual Reports and Resolutions, Supplements, and Transactions. Generally, the ADA Transactions are published in multiple volumes throughout the year. Older versions include reports from all departments as subsections, while more recent versions include only those of councils, commissions, and committees.

2021 Supplement Vol. 1, American Dental Association

ADA Transactions

This item is part of the Supplements subtitle of The ADA Transactions, a serial publication of the annual activities of the ADA House of Delegates (HOD)/Board of Trustees (BOT) made up of three separate subtitles: Annual Reports and Resolutions, Supplements, and the Transactions. Generally, The ADA Transactions are published in multiple volumes throughout the year. The Supplements function like an appendix and are, in more recent editions, numbered separately with page numbers determined by HOD reference committee assignation. Items are described variously as "Supplement #", "Volume #", etc. throughout the series but have been labeled here as Vol. # for …

2021 Supplement Vol. 2, American Dental Association

ADA Transactions

This item is part of the Supplements subtitle of The ADA Transactions, a serial publication of the annual activities of the ADA House of Delegates (HOD)/Board of Trustees (BOT) made up of three separate subtitles: Annual Reports and Resolutions, Supplements, and the Transactions. Generally, The ADA Transactions are published in multiple volumes throughout the year. The Supplements function like an appendix and are, in more recent editions, numbered separately with page numbers determined by HOD reference committee assignation. Items are described variously as "Supplement #", "Volume #", etc. throughout the series but have been labeled here as Vol. # for …

Beyond The Adhd Diagnosis: Does The Insurance Rate, Mental Health Status In Parents, And Food Availability In The United States Impact Or Predict The Prevalence Of Diagnosis Of Adhd In Children?, Kaitie Kudlac

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

More than 6 million children in the US have been diagnosed with ADHD in 2016 and many studies such as those performed through the National Survey of Children’s Health have seen those numbers climbing through 2017.¹ Prevalence of ADHD itself has increased by 42% over the past 8 years.² This study analyzed, through the use of public data available through County Health Ranking and data through the Data Resource Center for Child and Adolescent Health if the insurance status, mental health standing of parents, and food availability in the United States could impact or predict the diagnostic prevalence …

Palliative Performance Scale As A Prognostic Tool For Patients With Dementia In Hospice, Alexandria Nasr

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: Palliative and hospice care have been shown to benefit people with dementia and their families. However, for patients with dementia who are nearing the end of life, hospice referral can be challenging because of the difficulty in predicting prognosis. The objective of this retrospective, exploratory study is two-fold: (1) to describe trajectories by analyzing trends in Palliative Performance Scale (PPS) scores for patients admitted to hospice with a neurocognitive disorder from time of enrollment to time of disenrollment and (2) to determine the relationship between PPS and length of stay (LOS) in hospice care.

Methods: The setting for the …

Access To Care, Food Quality Index, And Employment As Predictors Of Poor Mental Health Days In Ohio, Louisiana, California, And New York, Eugene Matthew P. Almazan

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: Analyze how the availability of mental health providers has changed in Ohio from 2016 to 2020 with relation to changes in mental health outcomes reported. Compare to other regions of the United States (Louisiana, California, New York) in terms of access to healthcare, unemployment status, and food quality index. Lastly, to identify which socioeconomic and health factors are most predictive of poor mental health days.

Methods: Participant data from Ohio (OH), Louisiana (LA), California (CA), and New York (NY) was acquired from countyhealthrankings.org annual survey results that were published from 2016 through 2020. SPSS was utilized for statistical analysis …

Diabetes Link To Social Determinants Of Health, Tyler Schimmoeller

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to investigate diabetes and how premature death rate; income inequality and social associations relate to diabetes prevalence in the state of Washington in 2020. Methods: I investigated the rate of diabetes change in Washington from 201 to 2020 using a paired t-test. The correlation of diabetes rates and the premature age-adjusted mortality was calculated by county in Washington in 2020 using a Pearson/Spearman correlation. I compared the rate of diabetes in Washington to South Carolina, Ohio, and Louisiana by county in 2020 using an ANOVA with posthoc. Lastly, I used a stepwise linear …

Exploring Preventable Hospital Stays In Maryland, Janet Lubov

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze data to determine the factors that influence preventable hospital stays in all Maryland counties. Explicitly, I am examining how preventable hospital stays changes over the past eight years, comparing preventable hospital stays in Maryland and Virginia, correlating preventable hospital stays with Flu vaccinations, and lastly, examining how the rate of uninsured and income inequality can predict the variance in preventable hospital stays by county.

Methods: The data I will be using is sourced from the 2020 County Health Rankings and Roadmaps report. The most recent data available in this published 2020 …

A Multi-Dimensional View On Mental Distress Of Alaskan Adults, Katelyn Hagstrom

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Mental health impacts every facet of day-to-day life, and therefore it is important to determine what factors influence mental wellbeing in order to best target those areas to improve individuals’ mood and health. This paper analyzes how mental distress rates in Alaskan counties are affected by environmental and societal issues such as latitude, insufficient sleep, access to healthy food, presence of severe housing issues and rates of physical inactivity. By specifically studying mental distress in Alaskan residents, the extremes of day length and population size bring a new dimension to previous research done on mental distress. The variables were derived …

Sociodemographic Differences In Breastfeeding Rates For Children Born Between 2010-2015, Megha Patel

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Breastfeeding is a natural component of life and has proven to provide benefits to both the mother and the child. The mother’s mental health as well as physical health including losing pregnancy weight are influenced by breastfeeding. The child receives immune system strengthening leaving them less susceptible to certain diseases in the short term and later in life. There are a variety of factors that have the potential to influence breastfeeding rates. In this study, seven of these factors were examined including sex of the baby, race of the baby, maternal education, poverty income ratio, marital status of the mother, …

Virtual Reality For Therapeutic Recreation In Dementia Hospice Care: A Feasibility Study, Claire Ferguson, Natalie Manley, Elizabeth Lyden, Julie Blaskewicz Boron, Marcia Shade

EMET Projects

Purpose

• Feasibility study to explore virtual reality (VR) via wireless goggles as a therapeutic recreation for people with dementia on hospice (hPWD)
• To explore the acceptability of VR to hPWD
• To identify any problems and/or benefits associated with using VR as a form of therapeutic recreation in hPWD on hospice

Sentiment Analysis Of Long-Term Social Data During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Sophanna Ek, Marco Curci, Xiaokun Yang, Beiyu Lin, Pinchao Liu, Hailu Xu

Computer Science Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic has bringing the “infodemic” in the social media worlds. Various social platforms play a significant role in instantly acquiring the latest updates of the pandemic. Social media such as Twitter and Facebook produce vast amounts of posts related to the virus, vaccines, economics, and politics. In order to figure out how public opinion and sentiments are expressed during the pandemic, this work analyzes the long-term social posts from social media and conducts sentiment analysis on tweets within 12 months. Our findings show the trend topics of long-term social communities during the pandemic and express people’s attitudes towards …

Foster Parents' Knowledge And Perceptions Of Behavior And Behavior Management In Children With Adverse Childhood Experiences, Shelby Freeman

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Circumstances that lead to placement in foster care and even the experience of foster care itself can be traumatic to children. These negative events and others, including abuse, neglect, and parental separation/divorce, are considered adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) {American Academy of Pediatrics, n.d.). Approximately 90% of all foster children have experienced one or more ACEs before or during their time in foster care (Dorsey et al., 2011). The emotional and physical impact that AC Es have on children can change the chemistry of their brain, which influences several key areas ofa child's development. Depending on the number and severity of …

Knowledge, Perception, And Implementation Of Oral Care In Patients With Head And Neck Cancer Before, During, And After Radiation Therapy, Abigail Smith

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of oral health education among head and neck cancer patients throughout various treatment periods and how this education influences their oral health practices, determine satisfaction with education and support based on initial symptoms as well as identify modifications to approaches to oral care education and further define a model for interprofessional practices to establish a role for speech-language pathologists in oral health education. A Qualtrics survey was distributed to gather information on oral care habits, determine habits, education, and satisfaction throughout radiation, completion of daily oral care, importance of oral …

Slp Practice And Assessment Of Bilingual Students In Illinois, Erin Zurek

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the practices used by Illinois school-based SLPs in assessing bilingual students and the challenges they face. A survey made on surveyplanent.com was distributed via email through the Illinois Speech-Language-Hearing Association to gather information on typical bilingual assessment such as frequently used methods, resources available by district, and continuing education opportunities. Responses were analyzed via SPSS Statistics to understand any relationships between SLP language proficiency, years of experience, percentage of bilingual caseload, reports of graduate preparation, and continuing education opportunities with their bilingual assessment practices. The data was compared to similar …

Health Insurance Coverage, Sociodemographic Factors, And Treatment Completion For Opioid Abusers In Indiana, Ibrahim Samna

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many accidental deaths have recently occurred in Indiana due to opioid overdose. The current study sought to assess the association between sociodemographic factors, health insurance, and successful treatment completion for opioids abusers in Indiana based on the existing literature gap. In this study, the dependent variables considered were treatment completion status and opioid abuse. The independent variables included health insurance coverage and sociodemographic factors of education, marital status, employment status, race, gender, and age. I measured both dependent and independent variables as categorical. A cross-sectional and quantitative research approach was used by analyzing data from the 2017-Treatment Episode Data Set …

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-1 Mutation As A Prognostic Factor In Recurrent Glioblastoma, Haroon R. Hashmi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive form of brain cancer that has a high recurrence rate and very poor prognosis. The prognostic value of various molecular markers (e.g., IDH 1 mutation, MGMT promoter methylation, etc.) and clinical factors (e.g., age, KPS, surgery and chemotherapy) has been studied in GBM after initial diagnosis but not as extensively in the recurrent GBM. Utilizing a retrospective cohort design, based on quantitative data collected through medical chart reviews, and the conceptual framework of outcomes research in oncology, this study evaluated the prognostic value of IDH-1 mutation in recurrent GBM in the context of key predictor …

Improving The Patient Experience With Case Management Follow Up Phone Calls: A Quality Improvement Project Evaluation, Karen Jarrell

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In January of 2020, a follow-up phone call quality improvement initiative was implemented by the case management department of an acute care facility located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, to improve the patients’ healthcare experience. The intent was to improve the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) scores. This quality improvement (QI) project was conducted using the Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle along with the Kotter’s 8-step change model. The purpose of the QI project evaluation was to determine if a QI initiative using follow up phone calls had a positive effect on increasing CAHPS survey scores. The …

The Impact Of Midwifery On Infant And Maternal Outcomes Among Black Mothers, Joann Honoré

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

According to recent studies, disparities are prevalent in maternal and fetal outcomes between Black and White mothers in the United States. Researchers have established that using a midwife versus other healthcare practitioners can elicit positive maternal and fetal outcomes for Black mothers. However, no within-race research has been conducted exploring midwifery as an insulating factor against these disparities. The purpose of this quantitative retrospective cohort study was to explore the impact of midwifery on infant and maternal outcomes compared to outcomes associated with other prenatal care models/caregivers among Black mothers in California using secondary data. The ecological model was used …

Professional Nurse Attitudes Of Poverty Before And After Participation In A Poverty Simulation, Beth Mueller

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Implicit bias in healthcare toward those living in poverty may contribute to inequalities in care and increase the likelihood of patient noncompliance. The purpose of this study was to determine if participation in a poverty simulation had an impact on the attitudes of professional nurses toward those in poverty. Mezirow’s transformational theory was used to guide the study by allowing the learner to examine meaning and revise perspective after participation in an online module. This module included an online poverty simulation created by The United Way of Connecticut titled Making Tough Choices as well as a pre- and post-simulation survey …

Lived Experiences Of African American Women Coping With Breast Cancer In Rural Northeastern North Carolina, Denise Germaine Belle

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This qualitative study examined the phenomenology of breast cancer among seven African American female participants who reside in rural, medically underserved communities in Northeastern North Carolina. The aim of this descriptive study was to explore the answers to the overarching question of how African American women with breast cancer self-manage the emotional, physical, financial, and social issues associated with the diagnosis and treatment. The transactional model of stress and coping provided the theoretical framework for examining the role of social reinforcements, beliefs, attitudes, and intentions on the health behavior of African American women with breast cancer in some rural, resource-stricken …

Emergency Encounters: A Cross Sectional Study Of A Rural Emergency Room, Selynto Rodrecca Anderson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

It is very difficult for certain populations to obtain access to healthcare within the United States, particularly in rural areas. Typically, individuals who live in rural areas are far less healthy than those who live in more urbanized areas. Although there have been some improvements made to ensure there is adequate health care for all, barriers still exist. A few examples of these barriers are socioeconomic status, education, and job status. In this study, adult patients from a rural Southeastern hospital were surveyed via those who came to the emergency room seeking care, and via those who came to the …

Understanding The Role That The Internet And Social Media Plays In Suicide Survivor Bereavement, Catherine Merle Perusse

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Every year more than 47,000 individuals die by suicide in the United States, leaving behind numerous family and friends who become suicide survivors. While there are prodigious amounts of research on suicidal behavior, little research has focused on what the surviving family members, friends, and community members need after the loss. Many suicide survivors use social media to address their grief and pain in a very public manner. A constructionist social theory of grief and existential phenomenology provided the framework for this qualitative study to examine the use of the Internet and social media as a forum for those grieving …

Effect Of Video Recording And Self-Reflection On Skill Acquisition In Nursing Students, Lisa Aloy

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Applications to nursing programs have grown at exponential rates causing a shortfall of clinical locations and lack of available clinical experiences. This negatively affects nursing students’ access to bedside patient care, affecting nursing students’ ability to safely learn and practice basic nursing skills. Nurse educators need to create robust learning experiences for students to learn basics nursing skills and gain confidence and competence in these skills. Video recording in nursing education is an underutilized teaching method that supports various aspects in student learning of skill acquisition. The purpose of this study was to explore Associate Degree Nursing (ADN) nursing students’ …

The Impact Of Community Churches And Barbershops On Preventive Care Utilization Among African American Men, Quiante Chappell Hager

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Preventive health care screening plays an essential role in reducing chronic diseases and mortality rates; yet, even as health care access has increased, African American men’s utilization of preventive screenings remains low in rural areas. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate why African American men are not utilizing preventive care services and ascertaining the impact that social determinants may have on their utilization of these services. The theoretical framework of this research study comprised the social-ecological modal and health belief model to investigate the barriers to preventive care utilization in the African American community. Twelve African …

Increasing Nurse Knowledge Of The Underutilization Of Hospice Services For African Americans, Vicki Schmidt

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The focus of this doctoral project was increasing knowledge of underutilization ofhospice services for African Americans (AAs) and the need to increase cultural competence among nurses regarding this issue. The identified gap in practice was nurses’ lack of cultural competence and knowledge regarding the underutilization of hospice specific to AAs. The practice-focused question focused on whether a staff educational intervention increased nurses’ knowledge of the cultural implications regarding the introduction of hospice services for AAs. The education was guided by the Purnell model for culturally competent health care, Healthy People 2030, and the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organizations AA …

Clinical Practice Guidelines For Community-Based Resources For Substance Abuse Patients In An Emergency Department, Julie Ann Thompson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Substance use disorder (SUD) has plagued the United States for decades and has been an ongoing issue in a Midwest hospital emergency department where SUD patients were provided discharge information that did not include SUD specific recovery and rehabilitation resources available in the community. The purpose of this project was to develop a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for nurses to use when discharging a SUD patient with an accompanying evidence-based recovery and referral resource list including Narcan, medication-assisted treatment, crisis hotlines, needle exchange programs, and treatment options. The Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice framework was used to grade the levels …

Covid-19: A Driving Factor For Pre-Existing Racial Disparities In Food Insecurity, Christina S. Cook, Sandhya Lohani, Jeffery A. Jones, Stacy Smallwood Ph.D., Tilicia L. Mayo-Gamble

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.