Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Impact Of Social Determinants Of Health On The Experience Of Informal Caregiving For Adults In Low Socioeconomic Urban Settings: A Literature Review., Haeun Lee, Dawn Frambes

Summer Research

About one in five people in the U.S. provide caregiving to family, friends, or neighbors. The number and support needs of informal caregivers has been increasing since 2015. According to Healthy People 2030, Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) are conditions that affect a person’s well-being, health, and quality of life. SDoH include:

• Financial stability
• Education
• Access to healthcare
• Neighborhood and physical environment
• Community and social context

Populations from urban and low socioeconomic areas have been determined to be at high risk for negative health outcomes related to SDoH.

Somatosensory Dysfunction Is Masked By Variable Cognitive Deficits Across Patients On The Alzheimer’S Disease Spectrum, Alex I. Wiesman, Victoria M. Mundorf, Chloe C. Casagrande, Sara L. Wolfson, Craig M. Johnson, Pamela E. May, Daniel L. Murman, Tony W. Wilson

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is generally thought to spare primary sensory function; however, such interpretations have drawn from a literature that has rarely taken into account the variable cognitive declines seen in patients with AD. As these cognitive domains are now known to modulate cortical somato-sensory processing, it remains possible that abnormalities in somatosensory function in patients with AD have been suppressed by neuropsychological variability in previous research. Methods: In this study, we combine magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain imaging during a paired-pulse somatosensory gating task with an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests to investigate the influence of cognitive variability on estimated …

Association Between Serum Vitamin D And Bone Mineral Density In Us Population, Hamza M. Sultan

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Osteoporosis is a condition where the bones become weak that affects 12.6% of the United States (US) population over 50 years of age. Vitamin D helps to improve bone health as it functions in helping reabsorb calcium from the intestines. Several studies have been conducted on the effects of vitamin D on Bone Mineral Density (BMD), where it has shown that insufficient vitamin D is associated with a reduction in BMD. The purpose is to determine the relationship between serum vitamin D and BMD of the femoral neck in the US population in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) …

Identification Of Novel Tubb1 Variants In Patients With Macrothrombocytopenia, Zi̇hni̇ Onur Çalişkaner, Abdullah Abdul Waheed, Merve Tuzlakoğlu Öztürk, Yeşi̇m Oymak, Uygar Hali̇s Tazebay, Mehmet Nejat Akar, Ayten Kandi̇lci̇, Di̇dem Özkan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Macrothrombocytopenia is an autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by increased platelet size and a decreased number of circulating platelets. The membrane skeleton and the link between actin filaments of the skeleton and microtubules, which consist of alpha and beta tubulin [including the tubulin beta-1 chain (TUBB1)] heterodimers, are important for normal platelet morphology, and defects in these systems are associated with macrothrombocytopenia. Materials and methods: In this study, we sequenced the exons of the TUBB1 gene using DNA isolated from the peripheral blood samples of healthy controls (n = 47) and patients with macrothrombocytopenia (n = 37) from Turkey. The TUBB1 …

Evaluation Of Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels In Women With Hashimotothyroiditis In The Reproductive Age, İlknur Öztürk Ünsal, Sema Hepşen, Pinar Akhanli, Murat Çalapkulu, Muhammed Erkam Sencar, Ali̇ Yalçindağ, Erman Çakal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Autoimmune thyroid disease in women is associated with subfertility and early pregnancy loss, and patients with primary ovarian insufficiency have a high prevalence of thyroid autoimmune disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and ovarian reserve. Materials and methods: Levels of serum thyroid stimulating hormones, thyroid autoantibodies, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were measured in women with HT and a healthy control group between 2018 and 2019. Results: Evaluation was made of 108 premenopausal women with HT, and a control group of 172 healthy females with normal antithyroid antibody levels and thyroid …

The Contribution Of Different Permanent Tooth Types To Untreated Caries: Implications For Public Health Surveillance And Prevention, Susan O. Griffin, Liang Wei, Shillpa Naavaal, Eleanor Fleming

Dental Public Health and Policy Publications

Background: Untreated caries (UC), although highly prevalent, is largely preventable. Information on the contribution of different teeth to UC prevalence and severity could be helpful in evaluating UC surveillance protocols and the relative benefits of caries prevention interventions.

Methods: The authors combined data from 3 cycles (2011-2016) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for participants aged 6 through 11 years, 12 through 19 years, 20 through 34 years, 35 through 49 years, 50 through 64 years, 65 through 74 years, and 75 years and older. For each age group the authors calculated the contribution of successive permanent tooth …

For Medicaid Beneficiaries, The Ability To Find A Dentist Is A Key Component Of Access To Care, Julie C. Reynolds, Shillpa Naavaal

Dental Public Health and Policy Publications

No abstract provided.

Opioid And Nonopioid Analgesic Prescriptions For Dental Visits In The Emergency Department, 2015-2017 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, Shillpa Naavaal, Uma Kelekar, Shital Shah

Dental Public Health and Policy Publications

Introduction: Prescription and nonprescription opioid misuse and the rising number of dental visits in emergency departments (EDs) are growing public health concerns in the US. Our study objective was to examine the relationship between prescription analgesics (opioids and nonopioids) and the type of ED visits (dental and nondental) at the national level.

Methods: We used data from the 2015-2017 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey to examine the association between opioid, nonopioid, and combination of opioid and nonopioid analgesic prescriptions and dental and nondental visits in the ED. Covariates included socioeconomic variables, time of visit, provider type, triage level, hospital …

How Medical Student Adherence To Assigned Readings In A Flipped Classroom Curriculum Affects Their Outcomes, Meghan Blank

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: This study is aimed at finding out which level and type of preparation is most effective in helping students to achieve success in a flipped classroom curriculum.

Methods: Surveys were conducted regarding the percentage of required preparation students completed for each type of learning session (peer instruction, team-based learning), whether or not they used supplemental resources, and whether or not they completed >50% or < 50% of the required preparation. These were then compared to student scores on the type of learning activity through Spearman correlations and unpaired t-tests.

Results: The greater the percentage of required preparation completed typically resulted in higher test scores. Supplemental preparation did not directly correlate with higher test scores, with some cases showing a decrease in score with the …

Multiplex Social Factors Affecting Hiv Prevalence In Colorado, Jesse Cannella

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: The objective of this paper was to investigate and analyze the relationships between the prevalence of HIV and geographic location, high-risk behaviors, and education status in Colorado in 2020. Methods: The author of this paper conducted Spearmen correlations on HIV prevalence with rural status, rates of flu vaccinations, and drug overdose deaths, as well as performed stepwise linear regressions on the variance of HIV prevalence accounted for by rates of teen births, sexually transmitted infections, high school graduation, and college education status. Results: Incidence of other STIS and teen births (F2,42 = 7.69, p = .001), as well as …

Evaluating Academic Performance In Students Who Are Underrepresented In Medicine, Alexis Marrin

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate academic performance throughout the first two years of medical education of students who classify themselves as underrepresented in medicine (URM) as compared to non-URM students. Methods: Final exam scores from each course throughout the Foundation phase, Clinical Medicine evaluation scores, CBSE scores, and Step 1 scores from three classes of medical students at Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine were analyzed using multiple linear regression models, while controlling for MCAT percentile, undergraduate science GPA, and gender. Results: URM students enter medical school with lower entrance data than non-URM students, and …

Signing Your Life Away? Emergency Department Patient Recall And Understanding Of Ed Consent For Treatment Based On Triage Level, Daniel Ross

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: The determine the correlation between patient recall and understanding of Emergency Department (ED) consent for treatment and patient triage level. Methods: This was a prospective study based on demographical and triage data collected from patient charts, in combination with patient responses to the consent for treatment survey. Results: Of the 293 that participated in the study, the mean age was 52, with 122 (41.6%) males and 171 (58.4%) females. 179 (61.5%) identified as white/Caucasian and 100 (34.4%) identified as African-American. Most patients, 210 (72.4%), arrived by walk-in and the rest, 80 (27.6%), were by ambulance. Participants with lower triage …

Predictors And Outcomes Of Acute Respiratory Failure In Hospitalised Patients With Acute Pancreatitis., Mahesh Gajendran, Bharat Prakash, Abhilash Perisetti Md, Chandraprakash Umapathy, Vineet Gupta, Laura Collins, Prashanth Rawla, Priyadarshini Loganathan, Alok Dwivedi, Christopher Dodoo, Fortune Unegbu, Dan Schuller, Hemant Goyal, Shreyas Saligram

Other Specialties

Background and aim: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is associated with organ failures and systemic complications, most commonly acute respiratory failure (ARF) and acute kidney injury. So far, no studies have analysed the predictors and hospitalisation outcomes, of patients with AP who developed ARF. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of ARF in AP and to determine the clinical predictors for ARF and mortality in AP.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from the year 2005-2014. The study population consisted of all hospitalisations with a primary or secondary discharge diagnosis of …

Graduate Medical Education Annual Report 2020-2021, Children's Mercy Hospital

GME Annual Reports

Annual report of the Children's Mercy Hospital Graduate Medical Education department, including pediatric residency, internal medicine/pediatrics residency, fellowship programs, medical students, continuing medical education, and library services.

Ua94/6/1 Covid-19: The New Plague, Kaylene Bliss

Student/Alumni Personal Papers

COVID-19 personal narrative written by student Kaylene Bliss for History 241 class.

Improving Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Rate In A Rural Primary Care Setting Using Point Of Care Ai Technology, Shane Kirkegaard

Costas T. Lambrew Research Retreat 2021

Point of Care AI Technology Poised to Improve Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Rate in Rural Primary Care Setting

Towards A Peaceful And Just Society, American Dental Association

News Releases

This collection includes standard news releases, information kits and other documents distributed for publicity, information, announcements of events, etc. as issued from the ADA. Items included in this collection are archival and any costs, links, contact information, or other figures may be out of date. Please contact the ADA to verify information.

The Effects Of Acute Exercise On Short-And Long-Term Memory: Considerations For The Timing Of Exercise And Phases Of Memory, Paul D. Loprinzi, Sierra Day, Rebecca Hendry, Sara Hoffman, Alexis Love, Sarah Marable, Elizabeth Mckee, Sydney Stec, Hanna Watson, Brittney Gilliland

Faculty and Student Publications

The specific questions addressed from this research include: (1) Does high-intensity acute exercise improve memory?, (2) If so, do the mechanisms occur via encoding, consolidation, or retrieval? and (3) If acute exercise occurs in multiple phases of memory (e.g., before encoding and during consolidation), does this have an additive effect on memory? Three experimental, within-subject, counterbalanced studies were conducted among young adults. High-intensity exercise involved a 20-minutes bout of exercise at 75% of heart rate reserve. Memory was evaluated from a word-list task, including multiple evaluations out to 24-hours post-encoding. The timing of the exercise and memory assessments were carefully …

Covid-19 And Oral Health Conditions, American Dental Association

News Releases

This collection includes standard news releases, information kits and other documents distributed for publicity, information, announcements of events, etc. as issued from the ADA. Items included in this collection are archival and any costs, links, contact information, or other figures may be out of date. Please contact the ADA to verify information.

New Survey Finds Stress-Related Dental Conditions Continue To Increase, American Dental Association

News Releases

This collection includes standard news releases, information kits and other documents distributed for publicity, information, announcements of events, etc. as issued from the ADA. Items included in this collection are archival and any costs, links, contact information, or other figures may be out of date. Please contact the ADA to verify information.

Predictability Of Transcutaneous Bilirubinometry In Late Preterm And Term Infants At Risk For Pathological Hyperbilirubinemia., Ekaterina Dianova Md, J Fogel, R P Verma

Other Specialties

BACKGROUND: The aim was to assess the predictability of transcutaneous bilirubinometry in late preterm and term neonates at risk for pathological hyperbilirubinemia, and to identify the neonatal population in which transcutaneous bilirubin most accurately predicts serum bilirubin level (SB, mg/dl).

METHODS: The correlations between transcutaneous bilirubin (TCB, mg/dl) and SB in different neonatal population subsets; and between ΔTSB (TCB-SB) and relevant neonatal variables and clinical groups were analyzed.

RESULTS: TCB correlated with SB (r = 0.82, p < 0.05) in the cohort (n = 350) and in population subsets (r = 0.81-0.9, p < 0.001). Black infants with gestational age (GA) >35 weeks and chronological age (CA) >3 days recorded strongest correlation (r = 0.9, p < 0.001) followed by Blacks, and non-Black infants with CA >3 days and GA >35 weeks. ΔTSB was …

Speech-Language Pathologist And Parent Perspectives On Speech-Language Pathology Services For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Brenda L. Beverly, L. Amanda Mathews

Brenda L. Beverly Publications

Many speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are underprepared to serve children with ASD, despite a growing need and increased expectation for ASD expertise. To understand this practice gap, 60 SLPs and 26 parents of children with ASD were surveyed regarding SLP knowledge and competency. Of concern was that only about 50% of SLPs correctly identified ASD defining criteria. Respondents rated eight SLP practices as Important to Very Important, but SLPs reported being only Somewhat Competent to Competent. The parents’ rating of SLP competency was significantly lower than parental ratings of importance for one educational practice, use of non-standardized assessment and observational methods. …

Evaluation Of Student Pharmacists’ Attitudes And Perceptions Of Hormonal Contraception Prescribing In Indiana, J. Henry Papineau, Jenny L. Newlon, Ryan S. Ades, Veronica Vernon, Tracey A. Wilkinson, Lynn M. Thoma, Ashley H. Meredith

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Community pharmacists’ scope of practice is expanding to include hormonal contraceptive prescribing. Prior to introducing statewide legislation, it is important to assess the perceptions of future pharmacists. A cross-sectional survey was distributed to 651 third- and fourth-year professional students enrolled at three colleges of pharmacy in Indiana. Data were collected between September and October 2019 to assess students’ attitudes about prescribing hormonal contraceptives, readiness to prescribe, perceived barriers, and desire for additional training. In total, 20.9% (n = 136) students responded. Most (89%, n = 121) believe that pharmacist-prescribed hormonal contraceptives would be beneficial to women in Indiana, and 91% …

Pharmacists’ Perceptions And Attitudes Toward Drug Importation Into The State Of Florida, John Hertig, Jade M. Jochem, Allissa M. Long

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Background: The Department of Health and Human Services and the Food and Drug Administration released the Safe Importation Action Plan in July 2020 detailing methods to import medicines from Canada to combat increasing drug costs. In November 2020, Florida became the first state in the United States to create and propose an importation plan from Canada. This study examines the proposal submitted by Florida, Florida pharmacists’ perceptions of the program on patient safety, and Florida pharmacists’ thoughts on the pharmacy operational impact.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study utilizing an electronic questionnaire sent to pharmacist members of the Florida Pharmacy …

The Relationship Between Fake News And Fake Medicines: How Misinformation Has Fuelled The Sale Of Covid-19 Substandard And Falsified Medical Products, Oksana Pyzik, John Hertig, Hoda Kanso, Anika Chamba, Sofia Khan

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

As waves of COVID-19 continue to threaten public health, an increasing volume of disease related information is widely accessible, and not all of it is accurate or reliable. The World Health Organisation (WHO) described this overabundance of information, misinformation, and disinformation as an "infodemic", making it difficult for many to distinguish fact from fiction. These definitions are complex and transitional; however, misinformation is defined as the "inadvertent sharing of false information", whereas disinformation is more sinister in origin and constitutes "the deliberate creation and sharing of information known to be false." The infodemic encapsulates both intentional and unintentional erroneous sources. …

Evaluating The Nutritional Adequacy Of Peruvian-American Children, Delainey Dietz

Honors Undergraduate Theses

As people move and integrate cultures, nutritional trends may change from those of their native country to those of their new country. With today's increasing global immigration, studies have only scratched the surface of the impact of acculturation on children's health and nutrition. Specifically, the Peruvian-American diet is one that has garnered minimal research. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the common foods and drinks that Peruvian-American children consume, assess the children's physical health, and discuss the possible causative factors of any diet trends. The population sampled is children under 18 years living in the United States whose …

The Effectiveness Of Intervention Facilitating Return To Work Through Improving Cognition For Those With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Madison Ertelt, Abbey Marinucci, Jaden Pikarski

Critically Appraised Topics

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2019), about 2.87 million traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, and deaths occurred in the United States in 2019. It is estimated that around 1.5 million Americans suffer a traumatic brain injury every year. Approximately 2.5 to 6.3 million people currently live with a TBI-related disability (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019; Faul & Coronado, 2015, as cited in Powell et al., 2016). Specific populations are at a higher risk for sustaining a TBI. High-risk age groups include children aged four years or younger, young adults …

I Hear You: The Everyday Struggle Living With Misophonia, Ashton Jones

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

The term misophonia is derivated from the Greek words misos, (hate), and phónè, (voice); it translates as hatred of sound. It is the term used to describe people who are irregularly affected by everyday noises. The first scientific observations by Pawel J. Jastreboff regarding misophonia indicate “individuals with misophonia are sensitive to a specific set of trigger sounds, which are usually recognized since childhood.” These types of sounds tend to be trivial noises, such as chewing or crunching, sniffing, breathing, clicking, lip smacking, and tapping. The noises can trigger an onslaught of negative emotions and violent reactions.

This documentary film …

The Effect Of Warm-Up Protocols On The Occurrence Of Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome In High School Cross Country Athletes, Makayla Mack

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS, i.e. shin splints) is among one of the most frequently reported running-related musculoskeletal injuries. Minimal research has investigated the prevention of MTSS with limited evidence supporting few preventative measures. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of which method of warming up could yield the most promising results for the prevention of MTSS in high school cross country athletes and to use this information to further educate coaches and athletes on the most efficacious protocols to implement in the future. METHODS: Participants were recruited via communication with high school cross country …

Parenting Stress And Child Disruptive Behaviors: The Mediating Role Of Parental Negative Talk, David Roehm

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

High parental stress and child disruptive behaviors tend to coexist. Furthermore, parental negative talk towards children cam impair child functioning later in life. In the present study, we sought to determine whether parental negative talk was a mediating variable between parenting stress and child disruptive behaviors. Fifty-two parent-child dyads from Eastern Kentucky participated in an analog Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) behavioral observation and parents were given self-report measures for parenting stress and child disruptive behaviors.

Bivariate and multiple regression analyses were used to predict variance in child disruptive behaviors based on parenting stress with parental negative talk as a mediating …