Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Examination Of Athlete Triad Symptoms Among Endurance-Trained Male Athletes: A Field Study, Erin M. Moore, Clemens Drenowatz, David F. Stodden, Kelly Pritchett, Thaddus C. Brodrick, Brittany T. Williams, Justin M. Goins, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

Background: Studies examining the physiological consequences associated with deficits in energy availability (EA) for male athletes are sparse.

Purpose: To examine male athlete triad components; low energy availability (LEA) with or without an eating disorder risk (ED), reproductive hormone [testosterone (T)], and bone mineral density (BMD) in endurance-trained male athletes during different training periods.

Methods: A cross-sectional design with 14 participants (age: 26.4 ± 4.2 years; weight: 70.6 ± 6.4 kg; height: 179.5 ± 4.3 cm; BMI: 21.9 ± 1.8 kg/m2) were recruited from the local community. Two separate training weeks [low (LV) and high (HV) training volumes] were used …

Aggregating Twitter Text Through Generalized Linear Regression Models For Tweet Popularity Prediction And Automatic Topic Classification, Chen Mo, Jingjing Yin, Isaac Chun-Hai Fung, Zion Tse

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Social media platforms have become accessible resources for health data analysis. However, the advanced computational techniques involved in big data text mining and analysis are challenging for public health data analysts to apply. This study proposes and explores the feasibility of a novel yet straightforward method by regressing the outcome of interest on the aggregated influence scores for association and/or classification analyses based on generalized linear models. The method reduces the document term matrix by transforming text data into a continuous summary score, thereby reducing the data dimension substantially and easing the data sparsity issue of the term matrix. To …

Multi-Institutional Study Validates Safety Of Intraoperative Cesium-131 Brachytherapy For Treatment Of Recurrent Head And Neck Cancer, Adam J. Luginbuhl, Alyssa Calder, David Kutler, Chad Zender, Trisha Wise-Draper, Jena Patel, Michael Cheng, Vidhya Karivedu, Tingting Zhan, Bhupesh Parashar, Shuchi Gulati, Min Yao, Pierre Lavertu, Vinita Takiar, Alice Tang, Jennifer Johnson, William M. Keane, Joseph Curry, David Cognetti, Voichita Bar-Ad

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

Introduction: Surgery is the primary treatment for resectable, non-metastatic recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We explore the safety and oncologic benefit of intraoperative Cesium-131 (Cs-131) brachytherapy combined with salvage local and/or regional surgical resection.

Methods and materials: Findings were reported from a single arm multi-institutional prospective phase 1/2 trial involving surgery plus Cs-131 (surgery + Cs-131) treatment. The results of two retrospective cohorts-surgery alone and surgery plus intensity modulated radiation therapy (surgery + ReIMRT)-were also described. Included patients had recurrent HNSCC and radiation history. Safety, tumor re-occurrence, and survival were evaluated.

Results: Forty-nine patients were enrolled in …

Arrhythmogenic Hearts In Pkd2 Mutant Mice Are Characterized By Cardiac Fibrosis, Systolic, And Diastolic Dysfunctions, Farideh Amirrad, Rajasekharreddy Pala, Kiumars Shamloo, Brian S. Muntean, Surya M. Nauli

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a hereditary disorder affecting multiple organs, including the heart. PKD has been associated with many cardiac abnormalities including the arrhythmogenic remodeling in clinical evaluations. In our current study, we hypothesized that Pkd2 gene mutation results in structural and functional defects in the myocardium. The structural and functional changes of Pkd2 mutant hearts were analyzed in the myocardial-specific Pkd2 knockout (KO) mouse. We further assessed a potential role of TGF-b₁ signaling in the pathology of Pkd2-KO hearts. Hearts from age-matched 6-month-old MyH6•Pkd2^wt/wt (control or wild-type) and MyH6 …

Airway Epithelial Innate Immunity, Sebastian L. Johnston, David L. Goldblatt, Scott E. Evans, Michael J. Tuvim, Burton F. Dickey

School of Medicine Publications

Besides providing an essential protective barrier, airway epithelial cells directly sense pathogens and respond defensively. This is a frontline component of the innate immune system with specificity for different pathogen classes. It occurs in the context of numerous interactions with leukocytes, but here we focus on intrinsic epithelial mechanisms. Type 1 immune responses are directed primarily at intracellular pathogens, particularly viruses. Prominent stimuli include microbial nucleic acids and interferons released from neighboring epithelial cells. Epithelial responses revolve around changes in the expression of interferon-sensitive genes (ISGs) that interfere with viral replication, as well as the further induction of interferons that …

The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Food Distribution At Emergency Food Assistance Organizations In The Southwestern United States: A Qualitative Investigation, Alexandra N Castro, Mamie A White, Ariun Ishdorj, Debbe Thompson, Jayna M Dave

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

This study aimed to identify changes in food distribution operations at emergency food assistance organizations (EFAOs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. EFAOs across the Houston metro area, TX (human service centers and food pantries) as well as the Houston Food Bank (HFB) participated in the qualitative study. Data were collected via individual semi-structured interviews and focus group (December 2020–February 2021), and coded using semi-structured thematic analysis. Categories were pre-identified based on the interview questions. Direct quotes supported subcategories. Directors from 18 EFAOs were interviewed; 8 HFB leadership staff participated in a focus group. Four major categories of change due to COVID-19 …

Independent And Combined Associations Between Multiple Lifestyle Behaviours And Academic Grades Of Inner Urban And Peri-Urban High School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study In Chongqing, China, Zhengjie Cai, Jinli Xian, Camila Araujo, Ziwei Zhang, Hongyu Zhou, Huan Peng, Manoj Sharma, Yong Zhao

Social and Behavioral Health Faculty Research

Objectives This study aims to assess the independent and combined associations between multiple lifestyle behaviours and academic grades of inner urban high school students (IUHSSs) and peri-urban high school students (PUHSSs). Design A cross-sectional study was conducted. Participants There are 1481 high school students (49.9% boys) in this study, who were enrolled from one inner urban and two peri-urban schools in Chongqing, China. Outcome measures Academic grades were assessed based on the students’ self-reported grade ranking in the last cumulative examination. Results In IUHSSs and PUHSSs, high frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was unlikely to obtain high academic grades (OR …

Statistical Measurements Of Dispersion Measure Fluctuations Of Frbs, Siyao Xu, David H. Weinberg, Bing Zhang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Research

Extragalactic fast radio bursts (FRBs) have large dispersion measures (DMs) and are unique probes of intergalactic electron density fluctuations. By using the recently released First CHIME/FRB Catalog, we reexamined the structure function (SF) of DM fluctuations. It shows a large DM fluctuation similar to that previously reported in Xu & Zhang, but no clear correlation hinting toward large-scale turbulence is reproduced with this larger sample. To suppress the distortion effect from FRB distances and their host DMs, we focus on a subset of CHIME catalog with DM < 500 pc cm-3. A trend of nonconstant SF and nonzero correlation function (CF) at angular separations θ less than 10 is seen, but with large statistical uncertainties. The difference found between SF and that derived from CF at θ ≲ 10 can be ascribed to the large statistical uncertainties or the density inhomogeneities on scales on the order of 100 Mpc. The possible correlation of electron density fluctuations and inhomogeneities of density distribution should be tested when several thousands of FRBs are available.

Enterovirus D68-Associated Acute Respiratory Illness ─ New Vaccine Surveillance Network, United States, July-November 2018-2020., Melisa M. Shah, Ariana Perez, Joana Y. Lively, Vasanthi Avadhanula, Julie A. Boom, James Chappell, Janet A. Englund, Wende Fregoe, Natasha B. Halasa, Christopher J. Harrison, Robert W. Hickey, Eileen J. Klein, Monica M. Mcneal, Marian G. Michaels, Mary Moffatt, Catherine Otten, Leila C. Sahni, Elizabeth Schlaudecker, Jennifer E. Schuster, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Mary A. Staat, Laura S. Stewart, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, John V. Williams, Terry Fan Fei Ng, Janell A. Routh, Susan I. Gerber, Meredith L. Mcmorrow, Brian Rha, Claire M. Midgley

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is associated with a broad spectrum of illnesses, including mild to severe acute respiratory illness (ARI) and acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). Enteroviruses, including EV-D68, are typically detected in the United States during late summer through fall, with year-to-year fluctuations. Before 2014, EV-D68 was infrequently reported to CDC (1). However, numbers of EV-D68 detection have increased in recent years, with a biennial pattern observed during 2014-2018 in the United States, after the expansion of surveillance and wider availability of molecular testing. In 2014, a national outbreak of EV-D68 was detected (2). EV-D68 was also reported in 2016 via …

Functional Seizures: The Patient’S Perspective Of A Diagnostic And Treatment Odyssey, Heather J. Andrini, Sydni L. Au Hoy, Ashley M. Okhovat, Juliana Lockman, Gregory R. Goldsmith

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Functional seizures can be challenging to properly diagnose, often leading to delays in treatment. The etiology of functional seizures is multifactorial, with psychological factors identified in many, but not all cases. Misdiagnosis may occur due to clinical features mimicking other medical conditions. Once a correct diagnosis is reached, delivery of definitive, evidence-based treatment may be challenging due to limited availability of specialized resources. Research shows psychological education and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) have the greatest efficacy. However, individual differences, including acceptance of the diagnosis, therapeutic alliance, duration of symptoms, comorbidities, and access to care may influence outcomes. There is a …

Insights Into The Complexity Of Presentation And Management Of Patients: The Sport And Exercise Physician’S Perspective, Prasanna J. Gamage, Saran Seker, Jessica Orchard, David Humphries, Kylie Fitzgerald, Jane Fitzpatrick

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objectives:

Sport and Exercise Physicians represent a relatively new specialty focusing on exercise in complex diseases including musculoskeletal diseases. Our objective was to describe the characteristics, type and complexity of patient presentations, their management strategies and referral information in Australian practice.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study including a cohort of 11 senior Sport and Exercise Physicians in Australia studied all new patient consultations within an 8-week period. Data were analysed relating to presentation, referral source, follow-up referrals, and patient management strategies.

Results:

Data from 419 patients were recorded. The majority, 97% (n=406), had musculoskeletal conditions, 53% (n=222) had one or more …

A Spatial Model Of Hepatic Calcium Signaling And Glucose Metabolism Under Autonomic Control Reveals Functional Consequences Of Varying Liver Innervation Patterns Across Species, Aalap Verma, Alexandra Manchel, Rahul Narayanan, Jan B. Hoek, Babatunde A Ogunnaike, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Rapid breakdown of hepatic glycogen stores into glucose plays an important role during intense physical exercise to maintain systemic euglycemia. Hepatic glycogenolysis is governed by several different liver-intrinsic and systemic factors such as hepatic zonation, circulating catecholamines, hepatocellular calcium signaling, hepatic neuroanatomy, and the central nervous system (CNS). Of the factors regulating hepatic glycogenolysis, the extent of lobular innervation varies significantly between humans and rodents. While rodents display very few autonomic nerve terminals in the liver, nearly every hepatic layer in the human liver receives neural input. In the present study, we developed a multi-scale, multi-organ model of hepatic metabolism …

Study Of The D-Dimer, C-Reactive Protein, And Autoantibodies Markers Among Hbv Infected Patients In Babylon Province, Iraq, Ahmed Abdul-Abbas Bayram, Hussein O.M. Al-Dahmoshi, Noor S.K. Al-Khafaji, Raheem Tuama Obayes Al Mammori, Ali Husain Shilib Al-Shimmery, Morteza Saki

BioMedicine

Background: Hepatitis B can be defined as one of the dangerous diseases caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which infects the liver and causes liver failure, cirrhosis, and death.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), and autoantibodies markers among HBV- infected patients in Babylon province, Iraq, compared to a healthy control group.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all patients referred to GIT and liver centers in Merjan Medical City, Babylon, Iraq from January 2016 to January 2018 were screened for HBV infection by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Antinuclear antibody (ANA), dsDNA, D-dimer, …

Comparison Of Multiple Imputation Algorithms And Verification Using Whole-Genome Sequencing In The Cmuh Genetic Biobank, Ting-Yuan Liu, Chih-Fan Lin, Hsing-Tsung Wu, Ya-Lun Wu, Yu-Chia Chen, Chi-Chou Liao, Yu-Pao Chou, Dysan Chao, Hsing-Fang Lu, Ya-Sian Chang, Jan-Gowth Chang, Kai-Cheng Hsu, Fuu‑Jen Tsai

BioMedicine

A genome-wide association study (GWAS) can be conducted to systematically analyze the contributions of genetic factors to a wide variety of complex diseases. Nevertheless, existing GWASs have provided highly ethnic specific data. Accordingly, to provide data specific to Taiwan, we established a large-scale genetic database in a single medical institution at the China Medical University Hospital. With current technological limitations, microarray analysis can detect only a limited number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with a minor allele frequency of >1%. Nevertheless, imputation represents a useful alternative means of expanding data. In this study, we compared four imputation algorithms in terms of …

Comparison Of Pregnancy Complications In Unintended And Intended Pregnancy: A Prospective Follow-Up Study, Mitra Eftekhariyazdi, Malihe Mehrbakhsh, Mahboubeh Neamatshahi, Manijeh Yousefi Moghadam

BioMedicine

Background and Objectives: Unintended pregnancy, as a pregnancy that is mistimed, unplanned or unwanted at the time of conception, is a common experience worldwide that puts mothers at risk for mental stress and its pregnancy complications. The aim of this study was to compare three common pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, preterm labor, and low birth weight, between unintended and intended pregnancies in Sabzevar, northeast Iran in 2019.

Materials and Methods: This prospective follow-up study was conducted on 200 pregnant women (100 intended and 100 unintended pregnancies) who were between 18 and 35 years old and were referred for …

The Association Of Rs187238, Rs19465518 And Rs1946519 Il-8 Polymorphisms With Acute Kidney Injury In Preterm Infants, Fiva Aprilia Kadi

BioMedicine

ABSTRACT

Background: Interleukin 18 (IL-18) promoter polymorphisms (-656G>T, -607C>A, and -137G>C) affect serum IL-18 (sIL-18) levels and are associated with renal injury.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the diagnostic utility of sIL-18 and urine IL-18 (uIL-18) as biomarkers for acute kidney injury (AKI) and analyse the association of IL-18 polymorphisms to AKI in preterm infants.

Methods: Blood and urine samples were collected from 56 preterm infants with AKI and 56 without AKI to measure serum creatinine (SCr), sIL-18, and uIL-18. Genotyping of polymorphisms was performed and analysed, with AUC-ROCs analysis used to evaluate …

The Experiences Of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis Of Self-Compassion: A Qualitative Content Analysis, Hanie Dahmardeh, Afsaneh Sadooghiasl, Eesa Mohammadi, Anoshirvan Kazemnejad

BioMedicine

Background: Self-compassion enhances self-care behavior in patients with multiple sclerosis. This concept has been defined in previous studies; however, in order to effectively enhance it, patients’ perceptions about and experiences with self-compassion should be first understood. Therefore, this study aims to explore the meaning of self-compassion experienced by patients with multiple sclerosis.

Methods: This directed qualitative study was conducted in 2019 in Iran. Twenty-three patients with Multiple sclerosis were selected purposefully and interviewed individually. Qualitative content analysis was used for data analysis according to Hsieh and Shannon’s method.

Results: Seventy-six primary codes were detected as well as the following …

Differential Item Functioning Analysis On The Geriatric Depression Scale-15: An Iterative Hybrid Ordinal Logistic Regression, Elahe Allahyari

BioMedicine

The elderly population has extensively increased globally, so depression like a common problem in late life may convert to one of the economic, social, and health challenges of the 21st century. Due to the high cost of clinical diagnosis of depression, it is necessary to provide effective questionnaires like the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) for screening. But, the measurement invariance of GDS-15 is still unknown in the general population. In our study, 1473 participants of all Iranʼs ethnic groups were asked to answer GDS-15 and demographic factors such as human settlements, employment, disease, marital status, age, gender, homebound, financial …

Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Insulin Resistance, And Hypertension As Mediators For Adverse Effects Of Obesity On The Brain: A Review, Mahnaz Ghowsi, Farshad Qalekhani, Mohammad Hosein Farzaei, Fariba Mahmudi, Namdar Yousofvand, Tanuj Joshi

BioMedicine

Nowadays, the incidence of obesity is a global challenge and it is estimated that the total number of overweight and obese adults will increase up to 1.35 billion by 2030. Evidence obtained from clinical and experimental studies shows that obesity may be associated with cognitive performance and executive function impairments. Considering various evidence for the poor episodic memory tasks and verbal learning as well as the destruction of cortical gray matter in the obese individuals, here, we collected some causal pathways for contribution of inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and hypertension in the development of brain disorders in obesity. The …

Median And Ulnar Nerve Injuries In Cyclists: A Narrative Review, Dinesh C. Sirisena, Shauna H-S Sim, Ivan Lim, Vaikunthan Rajaratnam

BioMedicine

Cycling is popular internationally as a mode of transport and sport. Cyclists often report sensory and motor changes in the hands during rides. In the past, assessment of these symptoms was based on clinical history, physical examination and neurophysiology. The aim of this narrative review was to evaluate existing publications and determine if there are areas for further improvement in the clinical setting. Methods: Searches were undertaken in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines using four online databases: PUBMED, OVID, CINAHL and WEB OF SCIENCE. Articles were evaluated using adapted versions of guidelines for case and cohort studies. Results: 2630 articles …

Bilateral Popliteal Entrapment Syndrome In A Young Athlete Diagnosed With Ultrasound, Hanna K. Thompson, Justin R. Montgomery, Paul J. Spicer

Radiology Faculty Publications

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) occurs when the popliteal artery is compressed by abnormally developed or hypertrophied muscles adjacent to the popliteal fossa. When symptomatic, it most frequently presents with leg cramping while walking or running. We describe the case of an 18-year-old female runner presenting with claudication and exercise intolerance. After MRI was non-diagnostic, diagnostic ultrasound demonstrated that she had functional (Type VI) PAES. She subsequently underwent popliteal artery release surgery. Type VI PAES should be considered in young, healthy patients who present with claudication, particularly athletes.

Community Oncologists' Perceptions And Utilization Of Large-Panel Genomic Tumor Testing., Eric C Anderson, Alexandra C Hinton, Christine W Lary, Anny T H R Fenton, Andrey Antov, Emily A Edelman, Petra Helbig, Kate Reed, Susan Miesfeldt, Christian A Thomas, Michael J Hall, J Scott Roberts, Jens Rueter, Paul K J Han, Mcgi Working Group

Faculty Research 2021

PURPOSE: Large-panel genomic tumor testing (GTT) is an emerging technology with great promise but uncertain clinical value. Previous research has documented variability in academic oncologists' perceptions and use of GTT, but little is known about community oncologists' perceptions of GTT and how perceptions relate to clinicians' intentions to use GTT.

METHODS: Community oncology physicians (N = 58) participating in a statewide initiative aimed at improving access to large-panel GTT completed surveys assessing their confidence in using GTT, attitudes regarding the value of GTT, perceptions of barriers to GTT implementation, and future intentions to use GTTs. Descriptive and multivariable regression analyses …

Characterizing Long Covid: Deep Phenotype Of A Complex Condition, Rachel R. Deer, Madeline A. Rock, Nicole Vasilevsky, Leigh Carmody, Halie Rando, Alfred J. Anzalone, Marc D. Basson, Tellen D. Bennett, Timothy Bergquist, Eilis A. Boudreau, Carolyn T. Bramante, James Brian Byrd, Tiffany J. Callahan, Lauren E. Chan, Haitao Chu, Christopher G. Chute, Ben D. Coleman, Hannah E. Davis, Joel Gagnier, Casey S. Greene, Ramakanth Kavuluru

Institute for Biomedical Informatics Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Numerous publications describe the clinical manifestations of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC or "long COVID"), but they are difficult to integrate because of heterogeneous methods and the lack of a standard for denoting the many phenotypic manifestations. Patient-led studies are of particular importance for understanding the natural history of COVID-19, but integration is hampered because they often use different terms to describe the same symptom or condition. This significant disparity in patient versus clinical characterization motivated the proposed ontological approach to specifying manifestations, which will improve capture and integration of future long COVID studies.

METHODS: The Human Phenotype Ontology …

Landomycins As Glutathione-Depleting Agents And Natural Fluorescent Probes For Cellular Michael Adduct-Dependent Quinone Metabolism, Alessio Terenzi, Mery La Franca, Sushilla Van Schoonhoven, Rostyslav Panchuk, Álvaro Martínez, Petra Heffeter, Redding Gober, Christine Pirker, Petra Vician, Christian R. Kowol, Rostyslav Stoika, Luca Salassa, Jürgen Rohr, Walter Berger

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Landomycins are angucyclines with promising antineoplastic activity produced by Streptomyces bacteria. The aglycone landomycinone is the distinctive core, while the oligosaccharide chain differs within derivatives. Herein, we report that landomycins spontaneously form Michael adducts with biothiols, including reduced cysteine and glutathione, both cell-free or intracellularly involving the benz[a]anthraquinone moiety of landomycinone. While landomycins generally do not display emissive properties, the respective Michael adducts exerted intense blue fluorescence in a glycosidic chain-dependent manner. This allowed label-free tracking of the short-lived nature of the mono-SH-adduct followed by oxygen-dependent evolution with addition of another SH-group. Accordingly, hypoxia distinctly stabilized the fluorescent mono-adduct. While …

Characterizing Long Covid: Deep Phenotype Of A Complex Condition., Rachel R Deer, Madeline A Rock, Nicole Vasilevsky, Leigh Carmody, Halie Rando, Alfred J Anzalone, Marc D Basson, Tellen D Bennett, Timothy Bergquist, Eilis A Boudreau, Carolyn T Bramante, James Brian Byrd, Tiffany J Callahan, Lauren E Chan, Haitao Chu, Christopher G Chute, Ben D Coleman, Hannah E Davis, Joel Gagnier, Casey S Greene, William B Hillegass, Ramakanth Kavuluru, Wesley D Kimble, Farrukh M Koraishy, Sebastian Köhler, Chen Liang, Feifan Liu, Hongfang Liu, Vithal Madhira, Charisse R Madlock-Brown, Nicolas Matentzoglu, Diego R Mazzotti, Julie A Mcmurry, Douglas S Mcnair, Richard A Moffitt, Teshamae S Monteith, Ann M Parker, Mallory A Perry, Emily Pfaff, Justin T Reese, Joel Saltz, Robert A Schuff, Anthony E Solomonides, Julian Solway, Heidi Spratt, Gary S Stein, Anupam A Sule, Umit Topaloglu, George D Vavougios, Liwei Wang, Melissa A Haendel, Peter N Robinson

Faculty Research 2021

BACKGROUND: Numerous publications describe the clinical manifestations of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC or "long COVID"), but they are difficult to integrate because of heterogeneous methods and the lack of a standard for denoting the many phenotypic manifestations. Patient-led studies are of particular importance for understanding the natural history of COVID-19, but integration is hampered because they often use different terms to describe the same symptom or condition. This significant disparity in patient versus clinical characterization motivated the proposed ontological approach to specifying manifestations, which will improve capture and integration of future long COVID studies.

METHODS: The Human Phenotype Ontology …

Spinal Anesthesia Or General Anesthesia For Hip Surgery In Older Adults, Mark D. Neuman, Rui Feng, Jeffrey L. Carson, Lakisha J. Gaskins, Derek Dillane, Daniel I. Sessler, Frederick Sieber, Jay Magaziner, Edward R. Marcantonio, Samir Mehta, Diane Menio, Sabry Ayad, Trevor Stone, Steven Papp, Eric S. Schwenk, Nabil Elkassabany, Mitchell Marshall, J. Douglas Jaffe, Charles Luke, Balram Sharma, Syed Azim, Robert A. Hymes, Ki-Jinn Chin, Richard Sheppard, Barry Perlman, Joshua Sappenfield, Ellen Hauck, Mark A. Hoeft, Mark Giska, Yatish Ranganath, Tiffany Tedore, Stephen Choi, Jinlei Li, M. Kwesi Kwofie, Antoun Nader, Robert D. Sanders, Brian F. S. Allen, Kamen Vlassakov, Stephen Kates, Lee A. Fleisher, James Dattilo, Ann Tierney, Alisa J. Stephens-Shields, Susan S. Ellenberg

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

Background: The effects of spinal anesthesia as compared with general anesthesia on the ability to walk in older adults undergoing surgery for hip fracture have not been well studied.

Methods: We conducted a pragmatic, randomized superiority trial to evaluate spinal anesthesia as compared with general anesthesia in previously ambulatory patients 50 years of age or older who were undergoing surgery for hip fracture at 46 U.S. and Canadian hospitals. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive spinal or general anesthesia. The primary outcome was a composite of death or an inability to walk approximately 10 ft (3 …

Intracranial Mesenchymal Tumors With Fet-Creb Fusion Are Composed Of At Least Two Epigenetic Subgroups Distinct From Meningioma And Extracranial Sarcomas, Emily A. Sloan, Rohit Gupta, Christian Koelsche, Jason Chiang, Javier E. Villanueva-Meyer, Sanda Alexandrescu, Jennifer E. Eschbacher, Wesley Wang, Manuela Mafra, Nasir Ud Din

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Intracranial mesenchymal tumor, FET-CREB fusion-positive' occurs primarily in children and young adults and has previously been termed intracranial angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) or intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumor (IMMT). Here we performed genome-wide DNA methylation array profiling of 20 primary intracranial mesenchymal tumors with FET-CREB fusion to further study their ontology. These tumors resolved into two distinct epigenetic subgroups that were both divergent from all other analyzed intracranial neoplasms and soft tissue sarcomas, including meningioma, clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue (CCS), and AFH of extracranial soft tissue. The first subgroup (Group A, 16 tumors) clustered nearest to but independent of …

Upregulated Type I Interferon Responses In Asymptomatic Covid-19 Infection Are Associated With Improved Clinical Outcome, Kiran I. Masood, Maliha Yameen, Javeria Ashraf, Saba Shahid, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Asghar Nasir, Nosheen Nasir, Bushra Jamil, Najia Karim Ghanchi, Iffat Khanum, Safina Abdul Razzak, Akber Kanji, Rabia Hussain, Martin E. Rottenberg, Zahra Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Understanding key host protective mechanisms against SARS-CoV-2 infection can help improve treatment modalities for COVID-19. We used a blood transcriptome approach to study biomarkers associated with differing severity of COVID-19, comparing severe and mild Symptomatic disease with Asymptomatic COVID-19 and uninfected Controls. There was suppression of antigen presentation but upregulation of inflammatory and viral mRNA translation associated pathways in Symptomatic as compared with Asymptomatic cases. In severe COVID-19, CD177 a neutrophil marker, was upregulated while interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) were downregulated. Asymptomatic COVID-19 cases displayed upregulation of ISGs and humoral response genes with downregulation of ICAM3 and TLR8. Compared across …

Causal Effects On Low Apgar At 5-Min And Stillbirth In A Malaria Maternal–Fetal Health Outcome Investigation: A Large Perinatal Surveillance Study In The Brazilian Amazon, Julio Abel Seijas-Chávez, Melissa Nolan Ph.D., Mph, Mary K. Lynn, Maria José Francalino Da Rocha, Muana Da Costa Araújo, Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca, Gabriel Zorello Laporta

Faculty Publications

Background

Malaria elimination in Brazil poses several challenges, including the control of Plasmodium falciparum foci and the hidden burden of Plasmodium vivax in pregnancy. Maternal malaria and fetal health outcomes were investigated with a perinatal surveillance study in the municipality of Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre state, Brazilian Amazon. The research questions are: what are the causal effects of low birth weight on low Apgar at 5-min and of perinatal anaemia on stillbirth?

Methods

From November 2018 to October 2019, pregnant women of ≥ 22 weeks or puerperal mothers, who delivered at the referral maternity hospital (Juruá Women and Children’s Hospital), …

Aoa Ophthalmology And Otolaryngology Program Closures As A Model To Highlight Challenges Of Maintaining Gme In High Need Areas., Harris Ahmed, Kim Vo, Wayne Robbins

Medical Education Articles

CONTEXT: While 90% of former American Osteopathic Association (AOA) residency programs transitioned to Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) accreditation, surgical subspecialty programs such as ear, nose, and throat (ENT, 62%) and ophthalmology (47%) struggled to gain accreditation. Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine (DOs) actively participate in serving underserved communities, and the loss of AOA surgical specialty programs may decrease access to surgical care in rural and nonmetropolitan areas.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the challenges faced by former AOA-accredited surgical subspecialty programs during the transition to ACGME accreditation, particularly ENT and ophthalmology programs in underresourced settings.

METHODS: A directory of former …