Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Calcium Ions Trigger The Exposure Of Phosphatidylserine On The Surface Of Necrotic Cells, Yoshitaka Furuta, Omar Pena-Ramos, Zao Li, Lucia Chiao, Zheng Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Intracellular Ca2+ level is under strict regulation through calcium channels and storage pools including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Mutations in certain ion channel subunits, which cause mis-regulated Ca2+ influx, induce the excitotoxic necrosis of neurons. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, dominant mutations in the DEG/ENaC sodium channel subunit MEC-4 induce six mechanosensory (touch) neurons to undergo excitotoxic necrosis. These necrotic neurons are subsequently engulfed and digested by neighboring hypodermal cells. We previously reported that necrotic touch neurons actively expose phosphatidylserine (PS), an "eat-me" signal, to attract engulfing cells. However, the upstream signal that triggers PS externalization remained elusive. Here we …

The Relationship Between Accurate Knowledge On Hiv/Aids Transmission And Adolescent Pregnancy In Ghana: A Further Analyses Of The 2017 Multiple Cluster Indicator Survey, Emmanuel Brenyah Adomako, Kwabena Frimpong-Manso, Petronella Munemo, Henry Ofori Duah, Pascal Agbadi

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

The literature posits that HIV knowledge is associated with precautious sexual behaviour and practice. We hypothesised and investigated the association between knowledge of HIV transmission and adolescent pregnancy in Ghana, given that the relationship between HIV knowledge and adolescent pregnancy has not been extensively studied.

Methods

We did analyses on 5836 cases (weighted as 5121) of 15–24 years old reproductive age women in the female dataset of the 2017 Multiple Cluster Indicator Survey. Adolescent pregnancy was operationalized as reproductive age women between 15-24 years who became pregnant before the age of 18 years. Accurate HIV knowledge was measured by …

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, George W Williams, Nathaniel K Berg, Alexander Reskallah, Xiaoyi Yuan, Holger K Eltzschig

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is defined as the rapid onset of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema resulting in respiratory failure and hypoxemia. Efforts over the past 25 years, such as those of the ARDS and Prevention and Early Treatment of Acute Lung Injury (PETAL) Networks, have demonstrated a praiseworthy collaboration to further optimize the management of ARDS. However, improvements have been only moderate and ARDS remains a leading cause of mortality in the perioperative and critical care setting. Recently, the significant morbidity and mortality of ARDS have been emphasized by its high incidence in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. A major …

Robotic Bronchoscopy For Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions: A Multicenter Pilot And Feasibility Study (Benefit), Alexander C Chen, Nicholas J Pastis Jr, Amit K Mahajan, Sandeep J Khandhar, Michael J Simoff, Michael S Machuzak, Joseph Cicenia, Thomas R Gildea, Gerard A Silvestri

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPL) continues to present clinical challenges. Despite extensive experience with guided bronchoscopy, the diagnostic yield has not improved significantly. Robotic-assisted bronchoscopic platforms have been developed potentially to improve the diagnostic yield for PPL. Presently, limited data exist that evaluate the performance of robotic systems in live human subjects.

RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the safety and feasibility of robotic-assisted bronchoscopy in patients with PPLs?

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a prospective, multicenter pilot and feasibility study that used a robotic bronchoscopic system with a mother-daughter configuration in patients with PPL 1 to 5 …

Nf-Κb-Mediated Effects On Behavior And Cartilage Pathology In A Non-Invasive Loading Model Of Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis, I M Berke, E Jain, B Yavuz, T Mcgrath, L Chen, M J Silva, G Mbalaviele, F Guilak, D L Kaplan, L A Setton

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the temporal activation of NF-κB and its relationship to the development of pain-related sensitivity and behavioral changes in a non-invasive murine knee loading model of PTOA.

METHOD: Following knee injury NF-κB activity was assessed longitudinally via in vivo imaging in FVB. Cg-Tg (HIV-EGFP,luc)8Tsb/J mice. Measures of pain-related sensitivity and behavior were also assessed longitudinally for 16 weeks. Additionally, we antagonized NF-κB signaling via intra-articular delivery of an IκB kinase two antagonist to understand how local NF-κB inhibition might alter disease progression.

RESULTS: Following joint injury NF-κB signaling within the knee joint was transiently increased …

Fronto-Cerebellar Connectivity Mediating Cognitive Processing Speed, Clive H Y Wong, Jiao Liu, Tatia M C Lee, Jing Tao, Alex W K Wong, Bolton K H Chau, Lidian Chen, Chetwyn C H Chan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Processing speed is an important construct in understanding cognition. This study was aimed to control task specificity for understanding the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive processing speed. Forty young adult subjects performed attention tasks of two modalities (auditory and visual) and two levels of task rules (compatible and incompatible). Block-design fMRI captured BOLD signals during the tasks. Thirteen regions of interest were defined with reference to publicly available activation maps for processing speed tasks. Cognitive speed was derived from task reaction times, which yielded six sets of connectivity measures. Mixed-effect LASSO regression revealed six significant paths suggestive of a cerebello-frontal network …

The Prevalence Of Co-Infections In Hospitalized Patients With Covid-19, Siri S. Sarvepalli, Said El Zein Md, Pranatharthi Chandrasekar Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic emerged in early 2020 and significantly altered the landscape of healthcare delivery. With the absence of a cure, treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 has been particularly challenging. Physicians often treat hospitalized patients empirically with broad-spectrum antibiotics on admission due to concerns of missing an underlying, treatable co-infection. In this study, we aim to determine the rate of co-infections in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study which included all patients who had a nasopharyngeal swab sample positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection detected by the Cepheid Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCT) …

Connections Between Rape Myth Acceptance And Favorite Musical Artist Among College Students, Sahar Elmenini, Pam Mcauslan, Marie Waung

Medical Student Research Symposium

The focus of this study is to examine the relationship between the characteristics of a person’s favorite musical artist and their level of rape myth acceptance (RMA). I asked 115 undergraduates from the subject pool to rate the most frequently mentioned musical artists from the study done by Miller, McAuslan, and Leonard (under review). The participants rated the artists on factors related to sexuality, aggressiveness, narcissism and whether they see these artists as a “role model.” This data is then incorporated with the data from approximately 337 emerging adults from Miller, McAuslan, and Lenoard’s (under review) study who have taken …

Corneal Disease And Air Pollution Levels In Detroit: Preliminary Results And Future Directions​, Sachin Ketkar, Matthew Silbergleit, Vaama Patel

Medical Student Research Symposium

Purpose: To determine if Detroit zip codes with elevated air pollution levels demonstrate increased incidence of corneal disease.

Background: 82 million people in the United States live in counties with air quality concentrations above the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Air pollution’s detrimental effects on an individual’s health has been well documented. Much of this research has focused on the pulmonary system. The eye, another mucous membrane exposed to the external environment, has been largely ignored

Methods: After an initial literature review of similar studies, 14 corneal diseases and 5 pollutants were selected to be evaluated. Kresge Eye Institute’s patient …

A Novel Martial Arts-Based Virtuality Reality Intervention Modulates Pain And The Pain Neuromatrix In Patients With Opioid Use Disorder, Mohammed M. Faraj Bs, Nina M. Lipanski As, Elimelech Goldberg Ba, Dd, Hilary A. Marusak Phd, Mark K. Greenwald Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Standard-of-care for opioid use disorder (OUD) includes medication and counseling. However, there is an unmet need for complementary approaches to treat OUD patients coping with pain; furthermore, few studies have probed neurobiological features of pain or its management during OUD treatment. This preliminary study examines neurobiological and behavioral effects of a martial arts-based intervention in patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment (MMT).

Methods: Fifteen (11 female) MMT patients completed a virtual reality, therapist-guided martial arts intervention that included breathing and relaxation exercises; sessions were scheduled twice weekly. Assessments included functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of pain neuromatrix activation and connectivity …

Professional Coaching In Residency: A Novel Approach To Decrease Resident Burnout, Matthew Silbergleit, Shibandri Das, Mark S. Juzych, Pradeepa Yoganathan

Medical Student Research Symposium

Purpose: To implement and analyze an organizational level coaching program for ophthalmology residents at the Kresge Eye Institute (KEI) as the front-line method for prevention and management of physician burnout.

Background: Burnout is a well-documented stressor in medicine and has been shown to significantly increase unprofessional conduct and medical errors. A recent, promising model to tackle burnout in the medical field is coaching. The Harvard Business Review and American Medical Association have demonstrated the positive effects of coaching on professional performance and well-being.

Methods: We plan on utilizing the Kern Method to develop a resident wellness curriculum addressing resident burnout. …

Effect Of Treatment For Hcv On The Development Of Hcc In A Predominately African American Medical Center Population, Bassem Farah, Yechiel Mor, Sarvani Surapaneni, Brian Rutledge, Hojun Lee, Hajra Khan, Anshu Wadehra, Neel Patel, Paul Naylor, Murray Ehrinpreis, Milton Mutchnick

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction

Direct Acting Antivirals (DAA) are effective in Hepatitis C (HCV) patients with cirrhosis, but viral elimination may occur in a setting where the HCC development pathway has already begun. Our objective was to determine whether achieving a sustained virologic response (SVR) prior to diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) improved outcomes in our predominately African American population.

Methods

We reviewed the medical records of 96 HCV patients diagnosed with HCC between 2015 and 2019 Primary outcomes were defined as either alive, death/hospice, or transplant. Tumor size was measured as non-small (> 5cm or multiple tumors) or small (< 5cm). The study was approved by the WSU IRB and data analysis performed using the SAS-JMP statistical software.

Results

Of …

Substance Use Disorder Program Facilities In Detroit: A Geographic Analysis, Oksana Doubrovski

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Over 630,000 Michiganders have a substance use disorder (SUD) and about 80% are not receiving care (1). The rate of unmet need for SUD care in the Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia area is 81% (1). Geographic placement of facilities may serve as a barrier in patient access to SUD program services. This geographic analysis investigates current Detroit SUD program facility locations and their community demographics.

Methods: ArcGIS Pro was used to visualize and analyze data by creating 2D maps and tables. Data on SUD programs, medically underserved areas, and zip codes were retrieved from government data portals. Census tract data …

Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping Of Ring Lesions In Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis, Rebecca White, Chad Coffman, Karthik Subramanian, Sagar Buch, E. Mark Haacke

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Our project evaluates the presence of and changes in susceptibility and volume of ring lesions (RLs) over a two-year time period in a series of relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) subjects, and identifies and quantifies any other parameters that correlated with EDSS score.

Methods: All subjects went through 3T MR imaging at baseline and 41 subjects underwent a maximum of two follow-up scans. The imaging protocol included T2 fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), T1-weighted imaging acquired pre and post contrast, T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (T2 TSE) and susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) sequences, all collected in a transverse mode. SWI, …

When Do Patients Achieve Promis Milestones Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction?, Kareem Elhage, Nikhil R. Yedull, Nabil Mehta, David N. Bernstein, Eric C. Makhni

Medical Student Research Symposium

National Institutes of Health (NIH) Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) computer adaptive test (CAT) assessments have become increasingly utilized within sports medicine due to their efficient administration and favorable correlation with traditional patient reported outcome measures (PROMs). One key advantage of CAT forms is the ability to draw from hundreds of item bank questions while utilizing very few questions in order to produce an accurate quantitative health measurement for the patient.



The Computer Adaptive Tests (CAT) algorithm assigns questions based on previous answers by the patient. The purpose of this study is to utilize this feature of the PROMIS …

Covid-19 Infection Outcome In African American Renal Transplant Recipients: Detroit Medical Center, Claudia Jarrin Tejada Md, Mareena Zachariah Md, Angela Cruz Md, Shakir Hussein Md, Elizabeth Wilpula Pharmd, Nicole Meeks, Jeffrey A. Wolff Msn, Agacnp-Bc, Pranatharthi Chandrasekar Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Transplant recipients are more vulnerable to infections including COVID-19, given their comorbidities and chronic immunosuppression. Most preliminary care series report rapid clinical progression and higher mortality compared to the general population.

Methods: Retrospective study at Harper University Hospital - Detroit Medical Center. Twenty-five renal transplant recipients (RTR) presenting consecutively with COVID-19 symptoms and positive NP swab PCR for SARS-CoV2 between 03/01/2020 - 05/01/2020 were included. Data on demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, management and outcomes were collected.

Results: Patients had a median age of 56, all African American and deceased donor transplant recipients. Most had hypertension …

Elevated Liver Enzymes Portends A Higher Rate Of Complications And Death In Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (Sars-Cov-2), Emily E. Currier, Mohamed Dabaja Do, Syed-Mohammed Jafri Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), or COVID-19, has infected millions worldwide since its discovery in December 2019, but little is still known about the disease process. Preliminary research in China notes liver function test (LFTs) abnormalities are common in COVID-19 patients, suggesting decreased hepatic function, and that abnormalities in LFTs are related to complicated disease course and negative outcomes. However, there has been limited large-scale data assessing COVID-19’s association with liver dysfunction and negative outcomes.

Aim: The significance of this research is to investigate how COVID-19 affects the liver function and disease course in patients infected with …

The Impact Two Opioid Prescription Protocols Had On Provider Prescription Patterns Following Ankle Fracture Repair Surgeries, Charles Jiang, Joshua Hester, Luke Wesemann

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction

This study aims to evaluate the impact that an urban multi-center trauma department’s previous narcotic prescription protocols have had on provider opioid prescription patterns and the effect a change in protocol will have. This study will also determine an optimal post-op opioid prescription duration for ankle fracture repair surgery.

Methods

Data were collected retrospectively. CPT codes were used to identify subjects who had undergone lateral malleolus repair surgery. Patient data were separated by the respective year of their repair surgery from January 2016 to October 2020. PROMIS survey results and pain VAS scores were collected in the hospital’s electronic …

Effects Of Cocaine And/Or Heroin Use On Resting Cardiovascular Function, Shabber Syed Bs, Lina A. Shkokani Bs, Leslie H. Lundahl Phd, Renato S. Roxas Md, Philip D. Levy Md, Mark K. Greenwald Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Regular cocaine and/or heroin use is associated with major health risks, especially cardiovascular disease (CVD), but confounded by other factors.

Objectives: We examined effects of chronic (years of regular use) and recent (past-month) use of cocaine and heroin, controlling for other factors, on resting cardiovascular function.

Methods: In a sample of cocaine and/or heroin users (N=292), we obtained data on demographics, body mass index (BMI), history of substance use, and electrocardiogram, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). Following bivariate correlations, three-block (1: demographics, BMI; 2: tobacco, alcohol, marijuana; 3: cocaine, heroin) regression analyses were …

Measuring Mitochondrial Respiration In Vivo: From Mouse To Human, Arthur Orchanian, Brennan Schilling, Bruce Berkowitz Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: The mitochondrial energy ecosystem can be non-invasively interrogated in photoreceptors by combing a clinical tool, optical coherence tomography (OCT), with a mitochondrial protonophore (2,4 dinitrophenol, DNP). It remains unclear if only supra-clinical doses of DNP will be useful for mouse studies or if lower but clinically relevant doses of DNP would facilitate translation from mice to humans.

Methods: The experiment was a paired longitudinal design that took place over 2 days. On day 1, C57BL/6J mice were overnight dark adapted, then light-adapted for 5 h before OCT examination before regaining consciousness; a similar procedure was followed on day 2 …

Violence As A Deterrent For Shelter Usage Among Persons Experiencing Homelessness In Detroit: A Mixed Methods Study, Trishya L. Srinivasan

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) are hospitalized at rates four times higher than the US average and face significantly worse health outcomes, particularly for those residing in cities with harsh winters. Fear of violence or theft is frequently cited as a deterrent to emergency-based shelter usage among PEH; however, there is little research assessing its effects on health and safety among PEH. This project qualitatively assesses violence as a deterrent to emergency shelter usage.

Methods: A semi-structured interview guide was designed to assess experiences with, and fear of, shelter-based violence among PEH and the effect of shelter-based violence on mental …

Using Machine Learning To Generate A Core Set Of Echocardiographic Indices For Pediatric Research: A Sub-Study In The Pcs2 Cohort, Thomas S. Przybycien, Brigitte Mueller, Steven Fan, Paul C. Nathan, Cedric Manlhiot, Luc Mertens

Medical Student Research Symposium

With a multitude of echocardiographic (echo) parameters at a clinician’s disposal and clinical efficiency paramount, determining the most reliable and relevant pediatric echo parameters remains challenging. Using machine learning (ML), clinical relevance, and inter/intra-rater reliability, we aimed to identify a core set of echo parameters from the PCS² cohort of childhood cancer survivors and healthy controls to guide pediatric research and clinical care. A standard set of 94 echocardiographic parameters were chosen and screened for missing variation, linear combinations, and high correlations. A hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward’s method was performed on the remaining variables to produce a clustering …

Utility Of Student-Run Free Clinics For Underserved Individuals During Covid-19 Michigan Shelter-In-Place Order, Sara Saymuah, Hailey Heil, Janki Vaghasia, Marla Rojas Thaureaux, Victoria Badia, Paige Baal

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Cass Clinic, a student-run free clinic (SRFC) affiliated with Wayne State University School of Medicine in Detroit, Michigan, provides free healthcare to predominantly underprivileged populations. Cass Clinic remained open during Governor Whitmer’s shelter-in-place order from March 24, 2020 through June 12, 2020 and throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to assess SRFC’s utility in meeting patient needs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A mixed, open and closed-ended quality improvement survey was administered to patients who utilized Cass Clinic between the dates of May 2, 2020 and June 6, 2020. Qualitative analysis included descriptive statistics, while …

Heterogenous Manifestations Of Post Renal Transplant Lymphoma, Rujuta Patil

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction:

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a serious complication occurring in 1-3% of adult renal transplant recipients (RTR). We present a case series of 16 RTR who demonstrate a variety of PTLD manifestations.

Results:

63% of RTR received rATG induction and 38% Basiliximab. Maintenance immunosuppression post-transplantation was Prednisone, Tacrolimus, and Mycophenolate Mofetil.

Average time from transplantation to PTLD diagnosis was 96.8 months (

Immunosuppression was discontinued in all RTR at diagnosis except Prednisone. Treatment was chemotherapy alone or in combination with radiation, resection, or salvage therapy; complications included Tumor Lysis Syndrome and infections. 56% of RTR developed renal insufficiency.

5 …

A Younger Demographic Defines Hepatitis C Patient Profiles In The Recent Direct-Acting Antiviral Era, Ria Minawala, Paul H. Naylor Phd, Murray N. Ehrinpreis Md, Milton G. Mutchnik Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

A Younger Demographic Defines Hepatitis C Patient Profiles in the Recent Direct-Acting Antiviral Era

Authors: Minawala, Ria1; Naylor, Paul H.2; Ehrinpreis, Murray N.2; Mutchnick, Milton G.2

Institutions: 1. Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States. 2. Wayne State University School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Detroit, MI, United States.

Background:

Highly effective and safe direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) against hepatitis C virus (HCV) combined with U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation to screen for HCV in individuals born between 1945 and 1965 (age cohort; 54-79 years of age in 2019) was expected to reduce the number of actively …

The Financial Implication Of An Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury In National Basketball Association Athletes, Noel Osereimen Akioyamen, Muhammad Abbas, Lafi Khalil, Tahsin Rahman, Leena Abbas, Brendan Farley, Sabin Shah, Kelechi Okoroha

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: The financial and professional implications of ACL injuries have been well documented in National Football League athletes. However, despite the prevalence of ACL ruptures in the NBA, there continues to be a paucity of literature delineating the potential detriment imposed on athletes’ careers following injury

Purpose: To quantify the financial repercussions subsequent to ACL injuries on NBA players’ careers spanning the years 2000 to 2019.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed for all NBA players who experienced an ACL rupture and underwent reconstruction between 2000 and 2019. Players were matched 1:2 to health controls by age, position, BMI, and …

30-Day Mortality And Cardiopulmonary Complication Rates In Patients Undergoing Emergency Surgery With Perioperative Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Akshay Sood Md, Nicholas Corsi, Mohit Butaney Md, Jacob Keeley Ms, Chandler Bronkema, Ziad Affas Md, Guillaume Farah, Michael Chien, Renee Hanna, Stephen Wertheimer, Steven Chang Md, Amarnath Rambhatla Md, Hans Stricker Md, James Peabody Md, Mani Menon Md, Craig Rogers Md, Nikola Rakic, Firas Abdollah Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Continued vigilance of operative outcomes in COVID-19 patients is important given the relative novelty of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. We sought to evaluate the 30-day mortality and cardiopulmonary complication rates in patients undergoing emergency surgery with perioperative COVID-19, in comparison to a control group of medically managed COVID-19 patients that did not require a surgical intervention.

METHODS: A retrospective chart review at a single tertiary-care hospital in Michigan was undertaken. Patients who had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection either 7 days before or within 30 days after surgery during March-May 2020 were included in the study (n=52). Propensity …

Can Opioids Be Eliminated After Arthroscopic Meniscus Surgery? A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial, Muhammad J. Abbas Bs, Toufic R. Jildeh Md, Kelechi R. Okoroha Md, Noah Kuhlmann Bs, Austin Cross Bs, Vasilios Moutzouros Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Purpose: To compare a multimodal nonopioid pain protocol to traditional opioid medication in controlling postoperative pain following arthroscopic meniscal surgery.

Methods: Ninety-nine patients undergoing primary meniscectomy or meniscal repair were assessed for participation. A prospective randomized control trial was performed in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials 2010 (CONSORT) statement. The two arms of the study included a multimodal non-opioid analgesic protocol and a standard opioid regimen with a primary outcome of postoperative pain level (visual analog scale) for 10 days. Secondary outcomes included patient reported outcomes, complications and patient satisfaction. Randomization was achieved using a random number …

Complication Rates In Resident Cataract Surgery After Elective Operating Room Shutdown During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Michael Schneider, Christian Mehregan Md, Collin Richards, Shibandri Das Md, Xihui Lin Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Purpose: To assess the types of cataract surgeries being performed at one large eye institute from before and after the COVID-19 induced shutdown of elective surgeries in Spring 2020.

Methods: This is a retrospective chart review study of operative reports from resident performed cataract surgeries from January 1st, 2020 through July 31st, 2020. Cataract surgeries were categorized into Pre-COVID (Jan – Mar 2020) if they occurred prior to operating room (OR) shutdown on March 18th, 2020 and Post COVID for all cases which occurred after the shutdown orders were lifted (May – July 2020). A resident survey was also used …

Career Longevity And Performance Following Shoulder Instability In National Football League Athletes, Lafi S. Khalil Md, Toufic R. Jildeh Md, Muhammad J. Abbas Bs, Michael J. Mcintosh Bs, Arben Sokoli Bs, Nicholas Cominos Bs, Kelechi R. Okoroha Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Purpose: To investigate the career longevity, game utilization and performance of National Football League (NFL) athletes following glenohumeral instability events treated operatively versus nonoperatively.

Methods: Public resources identified NFL players who sustained a shoulder instability event from 2000-2019. Players with prior shoulder instability, without NFL experience before injury, or who did not return to play (RTP) after injury were excluded. Demographic information, utilization (games and seasons), and season approximate value (SAV) statistics were recorded one year prior to injury and three years following return to play (RTP). Statistical analysis compared utilization and SAV following RTP for athletes managed operatively versus …