Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Week Of February 1, 2021, New York Medical College

InTouch

• NYMC Unveils 2021-2026 Strategic Plan
• Humayun Islam, M.D., Ph.D., Appointed Chair to Lead Newly Combined Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology Departments
• Amy Razukiewicz, M.P.H., CPH, RBP, is Named Director of Environmental Health and Safety
• Center for Disaster Medicine Offers Free On-Demand Webinar, "The COVID-19 Vaccine: What to Tell Your Patients"

Evaluation Of The Anticancer Potential Of Alchemilla Vulgaris Extract Against Human Neuroblastoma Cells, Yomna Moqidem

Theses and Dissertations

Neuroblastoma is one of the most challenging pediatric tumors that present heterogeneity in prognosis and survival despite intensive treatment protocols. Therefore, there is an urge to develop novel and more potent anticancer drugs. Medicinal plants have recently gained worldwide attention due to their variable activities, wide availability, and cost-efficiency. Accordingly, this study attempted to identify novel plant extracts that could show potential anticancer properties against neuroblastoma. In this study, Alchemilla vulgaris (A.vulgaris) ethyl acetate extract was prepared and evaluated for its anticancer potential against SH-SY5Y Human neuroblastoma cell line. The Phenolic content of the prepared extract was characterized …

The Effects Of Resveratrol On Prostate Cancer Through Targeting The Tumor Microenvironment., Natalie Silk, Jeremy Reich, Rahul Sinha, Shivansh Chawla, Kyla Geary, Dianzheng Zhang

PCOM Scholarly Works

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in men in the United States and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Since over 60% of prostate cancer cases occur in men over 65 years of age, and this population will increase steadily in the coming years, prostate cancer will be a major cancer-related burden in the foreseeable future. Accumulating data from more recent research suggest that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a previously unrecognized role in every stage of cancer development, including initiation, proliferation, and metastasis. Prostate cancer is not only diagnosed in the late stages …

Levonorgestrel Intrauterine Device Use For Medical Indications In Nulliparous Adolescents And Young Adults., Beth I Schwartz, Morgan Alexander, Lesley L Breech

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are highly effective at preventing pregnancy. Levonorgestrel (LNG) IUDs also have beneficial effects on menstrual bleeding and abdominal and pelvic pain. Although there are increasing data on use of IUDs for contraception in adolescents and for medical indications in adults, there are extremely limited data on LNG IUD use for medical indications in adolescents. Our objective is to describe the characteristics and experiences of LNG IUD use in nulliparous adolescents and young women using IUDs for medical indications.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all nulliparous patients aged 22 years and younger who underwent …

Investigating The Role Of Znf384 Rearrangements In Acute Leukemia, Kirsten Dickerson

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Chromosomal rearrangements involving ZNF384 are the defining lesion in 5% of pediatric and adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and tumors are characterized by aberrant myeloid marker expression. Additionally, ZNF384 rearrangements are the defining lesion in nearly half of pediatric B/myeloid mixed phenotype acute leukemia. These fusions juxtapose full-length ZNF384 to the N terminal portion of a diverse range of partners, most often, transcription factors or epigenetic modifiers. It has been shown that ZNF384-rearranged tumors have a distinct gene expression profile that is consistent between disease groups and N terminal partners. Genomic analyses of patient tumors has shown that ZNF384 fusions …

Creation Of Male-Sterile Lines That Can Be Restored To Fertility By Exogenous Methyl Jasmonate For The Establishment Of A Two-Line System For The Hybrid Production Of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.), Haksong Pak, Haoyi Wang, Yusin Kim, Unchol Song, Mengxin Tu, Dezhi Wu, Lixi Jiang

Publications

Male sterility is widely used in the production of hybrid seeds in rice, but the use of genic male sterility is limited because of the high labour cost for maintaining male-sterile lines. Previous studies using T-DNA insertional mutagenesis demonstrated that disrupting the expression of oxophytodienoic acid reductase 3 (OPR3), which is involved in the jasmonate biosynthesis pathway, results in a kind of male sterility that can be restored to fertility by exogenous jasmonate in Arabidopsis. Here, we created male-sterile mutations by editing the second and fourth exons of OsOPR7 in rice through clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated system …

Virtual Home Assistant Use And Perceptions Of Usefulness By Older Adults And Support Person Dyads, Cynthia F. Corbett Phd, Rn, Faan, Elizabeth M. Combs, Pamela J. Wright Phd, Ms, Med, Rn, Cen, Otis L. Owens, Isabel Stringfellow, Thien Nguyen, Catherine R. Van Son

Publications

Aim: Describe virtual home assistant use and usefulness from the perspective of older adults and their support persons. Methods: This was a mixed-methods study with older adults and their support persons (n = 10 dyads). Virtual home assistant (VHA) equipment was installed in participants’ homes, and its use was documented for 60 days. Participants received protocol-guided telephone calls to address their VHA questions or problems. The type and frequency of VHA use were summarized with descriptive statistics. End-of-study interviews about VHA use were conducted with dyad participants. Qualitative content analyses were used to describe the interview findings about the dyad’s …

The Scoop, Vol. 7 Issue 11, February 2021, Health Sciences Library

Volume 7

Latest news and updates from the Health Sciences Library in our monthly newsletter for February 2021.

Assessing The Adherence Of Operative Notes For Laparoscopic Appendectomy With The Royal College Of Surgeons Guidelines, Fatima Mannan, Roger Christopher Gill, Abdul Ahad Sohail, Abdul Rehman Alvi

Department of Surgery Docs

Objective: To determine the frequency of adherence of laparoscopic appendectomy operative notes with the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) guidelines at the tertiary care centre. Study Design: A clinical audit report.
Place and duration of study: The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi between January and June 2018.
Methodology: Operative notes of laparoscopic appendectomy, written by residents of general surgery from trainee levels R1 to R5 during the study period, were included in the study. Each component from RCS guidelines, was assessed. The response to every question in proforma was marked either as Y=Yes or N=No. Overall score of more than …

Giant Juvenile Fibroadenoma Of The Breast In A 13-Year-Old Pakistani Girl With Excellent Cosmetic Outcome After Subareolar Enucleation - A Case Report, Sana Zeeshan, Kulsoom Shaikh, Muhammad Usman Tariq, Lubna Mushtaque Vohra

Department of Surgery Docs

Introduction: Fibroadenoma is the most common benign lesion of breast in young women, characterized by an aberrant proliferation of both epithelial and mesenchymal elements. It is termed giant fibroadenoma when it is larger than 5 cm or weighs more than 500 g with an incidence of 0.5-2% of all fibroadenomas.
Presentation of case: In this report, we discuss a case of a 13-year-old Pakistani girl who presented with a giant juvenile fibroadenoma in left breast and was treated by a subareolar lump excision through a periareolar incision with excellent cosmetic outcome. To the best of our literature search, this is …

Maternal And Newborn Health Risks Of Climate Change: A Call For Awareness And Global Action, Nathalie Roos, Sari Kovats, Shakoor Hajat, Veronique Filippi, Matthew Chersich, Stanley Luchters, Fiona Scorgie, Britt Nakstad, Olof Stephansson, Chamnha Consortium

Population Health, East Africa

Climate change represents one of the largest global health threats of the 21st century with immediate and long‐term consequences for the most vulnerable populations, especially in the poorest countries with the least capacity to adapt to climate change. Pregnant women and newborns are increasingly being recognized as vulnerable populations in the context of climate change. The effects can be direct or indirect through heat stress, extreme weather events and air pollution, potentially impacting both the immediate and long‐term health of pregnant women and newborns through a broad range of mechanisms. In 2008, the World Health Organization passed a resolution during …

White Paper On Ophthalmic Imaging For Choroidal Nevus Identification And Transformation Into Melanoma, Carol Shields, Sara E. Lally, Lauren Dalvin, Mandeep Sagoo, Marco Pellegrini, Swathi Kaliki, Ahmet Kaan Gündüz, Minoru Furuta, Prithvi Mruthyunjaya, Adrian T. Fung, Jay S. Duker, Sara M. Selig, Antonio Yaghy, Sandor R. Ferenczy, Malvina B. Eydelman, Mark S. Blumenkranz

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

Purpose: To discuss the evolution of noninvasive diagnostic methods in the identification of choroidal nevus and determination of risk factors for malignant transformation as well as introduce the novel role that artificial intelligence (AI) can play in the diagnostic process. Methods: White paper. Results: Longstanding diagnostic methods to stratify benign choroidal nevus from choroidal melanoma and to further determine the risk for nevus transformation into melanoma have been dependent on recognition of key clinical features by ophthalmic examination. These risk factors have been derived from multiple large cohort research studies over the past several decades and have garnered widespread use …

Voxelotor Modulates The Analgesic Effect Of Certain Opioids., Samir K. Ballas

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

No abstract provided.

Constipation, Children's Mercy Kansas City

Clinical Pathways (Formally Known As Care Process Models)

No abstract provided.

Distribution And Antibiotic Resistance Profiles Of Salmonella Enterica In Rural Areas Of North Carolina After Hurricane Florence In 2018, Yuqing Mao, Mohamed Zeineldin, Moiz Usmani, Sital Uprety, Joanna Shisler, Antarpreet Jutla, Avinash Unnikrishnan, Thanh H. Nguyen

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The frequency and magnitude of extreme events are increasing globally (Arnell & Gosling, 2016). Inundation, as a result of massive flooding, has the potential to change environmental conditions abruptly, and as a result, add pressure to the metabolism and proliferation of microorganisms (Furtak et al., 2020). The resulting overland flows and additional burden from domestic sewer and septic tank systems during an extreme flood event can introduce pathogens into ecologically unstable water bodies. For example, Yu et al. (2018) reported elevated levels of Escherichia coli and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in river water samples 6 months after flooding in Houston, …

A Game Of Triage: Developing A Game To Teach Medical Students Triage Tagging In The Setting Of A Mass Casualty Event, Luke Egan, Alanna O'Connell

Phase 1

Purpose: Triage tagging during a mass casualty event (MCE) is an essential skill when it comes to being able to distribute limited resources to those most critical out in the field. Medical students do not receive any formal training on this. This project set out to design a game that would effectively teach students how to use the Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) algorithm in the event they ever find themselves assisting in an MCE.

Methods: This project was aimed towards MS-4’s during their EM rotation. Due to COVID-19, the game design was adjusted to an online platform for …

Identifying The Roadblocks To Successful Pediatric Imaging Without Sedation Or Anesthesia, Iman Soliman, Ammie M. White, Md, J. Christopher Edgar, Phd, Laura Cadge, Ccls, Margaret Hamel-Daymon, Crnp, Sandra Saade-Lemus, Md, Rochelle Bagatell, Md, Elizabeth T. Drum, Md, Lisa States, Md

Phase 1

Background: Modern imaging modalities allow for assessment of a wide array of medical conditions. Because it is difficult for young children to remain still during lengthy imaging studies, there is a need for sedation and general anesthesia (GA). A growing literature, however, suggests that there may be deleterious neurocognitive effects of sedation/GA in young children. As such, it is in our patients’ best interest to critically evaluate the use of sedation/GA.

Objective: To identify the roadblocks to obtaining clinical pediatric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams without sedation/GA.

Materials and Methods: Participants included 63 parents/guardians of 5- to 9-year-old patients who …

Health Disparities Among Pregnant Women Diagnosed With Covid-19 In Philadelphia, Vasundhara Acharya, Emily Oliver, Mbbs, Danielle Tsevat, Md, Guillermo Gurza, Md, Rupsa Boelig, Md

Phase 1

Introduction:

The CDC has cited language barriers and racial discrimination as some of the social determinants of health during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the socioeconomic factors that affect COVID-19 diagnosis and outcomes in pregnant women. We hypothesize that women whose primary language is not English will have higher rates of COVID-19 compared to women whose primary language is English.

Methods:

This is a retrospective cohort study of women who delivered at TJUH between 04/13/2020 and 06/31/2020. Data on demographics, SARS-CoV-2 PCR, maternal, fetal, neonatal outcomes were collected. The primary outcome was the proportion of English …

Cryo Vs Rf P-Wave Characteristics Comparative Analysis, Waleed Khan, Behzad Pavri, John Schanz

Phase 1

Introduction:

Atrial fibrillation is one of the leading causes of heart failure and stroke in the US, meaning that optimizing treatment is essential. There are two catheter based PVI techniques used to treat drug-refractory AF patients: radiofrequency and cryo-balloon ablation. The goal of this study is to determine if there is a difference in efficacy between these two procedures.

Methods:

The study consisted of a retrospective chart review and ECG analysis of approximately 130 patients. The criteria for involvement is patients diagnosed with drug-refractory paroxysmal AF and who have undergone an ablation procedure in the past two years. Baseline characteristics …

Public Perceptions Of Opioid Use Disorder (Oud) In Rural Pennsylvania: Opportunities, Challenges, And Barriers, Josiah Miller, Duane Donmoyer, Md, James Plumb, Md, Mph

Phase 1

Introduction:

Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) has significantly impacted rural communities nation-wide. This study adds information to what is currently known about OUD and its effects on small towns through examining how OUD has, and is currently, affecting a rural community (~7,000 population) in central Pennsylvania. The main aim of this study was to better understand how OUD affects this small town through interviewing individuals involved in local public health.

Methods:

This qualitative study consisted of key stakeholder interviews with ten individuals involved in local government, law enforcement, or healthcare. Questions centered around how OUD affects the local area, how current …

Prevalence And Risk Factors For Abnormal M-Tics, Maëlys Yepes, Michael Chang, Cynthia Cheng, Md, Phd

Phase 1

Introduction: The lack of effective treatments for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) underscores the importance of prevention and early detection of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), its prodromal state. While studies have proposed a number of potential mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AD, such as hypoxia and neuropsychiatric symptoms, little research has been done to evaluate predictive risk factors.

Objective: The objective of this pilot study is to assess the prevalence and risk factors for aMCI.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed using data from patients screened for Memories 2, a clinical trial evaluating the effect of CPAP usage in patients with …

A Systematic Review Of Effective Waste Management In Hospitals, Adam Uppendahl, Shane Noreen

Phase 1

Introduction: Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing society today. Hospitals have substantial carbon footprints and are one of the most significant contributors to waste production, yet environmental sustainability is woefully overlooked in healthcare. Understanding the state of environmental sustainability in healthcare is critical to improving the sustainability of medical practice.

Methods: A systematic review of the current literature regarding environmental sustainability in hospitals was conducted in the PubMed research database. In addition to the systematic search, reference sections of included papers were searched to identify additional papers. Studies needed to be focused on research related to …

Improving The Implementation Of Home Blood Pressure Monitoring, Joshua Mairose, Geoffrey Mills, Md

Phase 1

Introduction: Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) has been shown to outperform traditional office readings in its association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and ability to identify patients with white coat or masked hypertension. For these reasons, the 2017 ACC/AHA Guidelines included HBPM as part of its recommendations for hypertension management. Our project focused on improving the implementation of HBPM in an urban primary care practice with an end goal of increasing the number of patients that actively use home blood pressure cuffs and have access to them for future telemedicine visits.

Methods: A patient outreach process to increase HBPM uptake …

Medicaid Expansion’S Importance To Mental Health Care, Cameron Blazoski, Vittorio Maio, Pharmd, Ms, Msph

Phase 1

Introduction: The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act established the Medicaid expansion, which incentivized states to expand their Medicaid programs to include individuals with incomes up to 138% of the federal poverty level. A significant population that stood to benefit from this health care expansion were Americans who suffer from a mental health disorder. This study was conducted to analyze the impact of Medicaid expansion on individuals with mental health and substance abuse disorders.

Methods: This political commentary was based on statistics on mental health in the United States derived from research studies and publications from federal …

Lgbtq-Related Material In Undergraduate Medical Education In The Mid-Atlantic Region Of The United States, Margaret Pearce, Bernard Lopez, Md

Phase 1

Purpose

This study describes the current state of formal lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ)-related education at undergraduate medical schools in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. A review of literature shows the last time a similar study was conducted was in 2011 by Obedin-Maliver et al and was a survey that included all medical schools of the United States and Canada. Given the changes over time for both the LGBTQ and medical community , it is likely that the state of LGBTQ-related education in undergraduate medical education has changed greatly.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional Internet-based survey, …

Capturing Initial Understanding And Impressions Of Surgical Therapy For Parkinson’S Disease To Enhance Patient Education, Samantha Katz, Julie Barbera, Chengyuan Wu, Tsao-Wei Liang

Phase 1

Purpose: Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an underutilized surgical therapy for Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Both physician and patient hesitancies have been described as barriers to DBS, but specific perceptions of DBS have not been well characterized. To better understand DBS hesitancy, our objective is to pinpoint what specific concerns and fears our patient population have and use this information to enhance education for those contemplating DBS.

Methods: A 30-question survey assessing impressions of surgical therapy for PD was administered to PD patients seen at an urban movement-disorders clinic. Patients had not yet undergone DBS implantation or neurosurgeon consultation. Questions were …

Cbl Facilitation: A Survey Of Facilitators And Students With A Particular Interests In Team Building And Facilitation Improvement, Cecelia Sagona, Susan Truong, Md, Nethra Ankam, Md

Phase 1

Purpose: As the CBL cases have become more refined, there is a desire to continually improve the way cases are being facilitated, understand the methods that are working well, learn if there are practices that are detrimental to learning, and better understand how students are transitioning to teams. This project gathered information from both the from the Class of 2023 during their first year in the SKMC program and their CBL facilitators in order to improve the CBL facilitation. With the information gathered, there were two aims. First, to generate suggestions which were discussed at the CBL facilitators’ back to …

Use Of Active Comparator Tirals In Dermatology: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Analysis, John Miller, John Barbieri, Md, Arash Mostaghimi, Md, Sophia Ly

Phase 1

Introduction: Spending on medications is expected to grow to $420 billion in 2023, largely driven by introduction of new branded products. While new branded medications can transform how physicians care for patients, others may not offer meaningful benefit over existing less costly alternatives. As additional new products are approved, the need to include active comparators in dermatologic clinical trials is particularly important to guide clinical decision making.

Methods: To evaluate the trends in the use of active comparator trials designs, topical medications approved between January 2002 and December 2020 were identified through the 2020 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) …

Attitudes And Practices Of Providers Towards Continuity Of Care With Patients Prescribed Contraception, Jennifer Sachs, Grace Styklunas, Caroline King, Rebecca Mercier, Md

Phase 1

Introduction: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate provider attitudes and practices for follow-up counseling regarding patients prescribed contraception at women's health and primary care offices. As prescription contraception (oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), the patch, NuvaRing) are the most widely used reversible form of birth control in the United States, understanding provider practices and attitudes towards the necessity of follow-up for prescription contraception management is crucial.

Methods: An anonymous 16-item cross-sectional online Qualtrics survey queries providers for specialty and position, years in practice, as well as attitudes and practices regarding follow-up counseling for prescription contraception. The study cohort …

Differences In Hypertension And Obesity Levels Between High School Students In Philadelphia Urban And Suburban Areas, Joseph Gonnella, Jeremy Close, Md, Michael Bozzi, Md, Peri Levey, Kyle Prochno

Phase 1

Introduction: The prevalence of childhood obesity remains high, putting millions of children at risk of developing certain illnesses, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is vital to determine the true scope of the issue and reveal the risk factors associated with this condition. Since the objective of this study is to compare the obesity and hypertension levels between adolescents in Philadelphia urban and suburban high schools, these risk factors can be highlighted and analyzed.

Methods: Biometric and demographic data of Philadelphia urban students was collected from the Athlete Health Organization (AHO) pre-participation evaluations (PPEs) from 2016-2018. It was …