Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Front End Justice: Diverting People Affected By Mental Illness From The Criminal Justice System, Ariel Esqueda, Kelliann Kutschke, Matthew Miller, Kayleigh Wendland

Master of Social Work Student Policy Advocacy Briefs

Many of the people caught up in the criminal justice system are non-violent offenders struggling with mental illness, which cannot and should not be addressed through incarceration. Our jails and prisons are ill-equipped to provide effective mental health services. Incarceration compounds the problem by contributing to increased psychological distress. We are relying on the criminal justice system to respond to mental illness, rather than investing fully in the spectrum of mental health care from prevention to recovery. Minnesota must invest in diverting people affected by mental illness away from the criminal justice system and into community-based treatment, services, and supports …

Line Hops And Side Hold Rotation Tests Load Both Anterior And Posterior Shoulder: A Biomechanical Study, Margie K. Olds, Nicole Lemaster, Kelsey Picha, Cody Walker, Nicholas R. Heebner, Timothy L. Uhl

Sports Medicine Research Institute Faculty Publications

Background: Clinical tests should replicate the stressful positions encountered during sport participation. Evaluating the kinetic and electromyographical demands of clinical tests enables clinicians to choose appropriate tests for specific sports.

Purpose: To describe the shoulder forces and muscle activation levels during closed chain functional tests of Line Hops (LH) and Side Hold Rotation (SHR).

Study Design: Descriptive biomechanical study.

Methods: Ten asymptomatic participants were examined in a university laboratory. Two functional tests were evaluated using three-dimensional video analysis and electromyography to measure shoulder forces, moments, and muscular activity levels.

Results: SHR produced a peak average posterior translation force of 4.84 …

Understanding Declining Rates Of Drug Overdose Mortality In Eastern Kentucky, Walsh Center For Rural Health Analysis, University Of Chicago, Center Of Excellence In Rural Health, University Of Kentucky

Center of Excellence in Rural Health Reports

With funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO), the NORC Walsh Center for Rural Health Analysis and the University of Kentucky Center of Excellence in Rural Health (UK CERH) conducted this study to understand possible factors associated with declining rates of drug overdose mortality in Eastern Kentucky. Several counties in Eastern Kentucky have seen declines in drug overdose mortality rates over the past decade, even as overdose rates have risen in the state of Kentucky as a whole, as well as in the Appalachian regions of …

Sustainable Return To Work Following A Musculoskeletal Disorder: Courses Of Action For Supervisors, Iuliana Nastasia, Marie-France Coutu, Romain Rives, Jessica Dubé, Sarah Gaspard, Audrey Quilicot

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les troubles musculosquelettiques (TMS) demeurent un problème majeur de santé au travail dans les pays industrialisés. Les conséquences de l’incapacité au travail représentent un fardeau important pour les travailleurs et leurs familles, mais aussi pour les organisations. Même si plusieurs études sur l’incapacité au travail soulignent le rôle important du superviseur dans le contexte de différents programmes de retour au travail, peu se sont intéressées spécifiquement au rôle de celui-ci, à ses responsabilités ainsi qu’à ses actions pour faciliter la réintégration des travailleurs qui ont eu une blessure musculosquelettique reliée au travail.

L’objectif général de cette étude est de proposer …

Lovingkindness Meditation Alters Sense Of Self In Non-Meditators, John Watt

Undergraduate Research Symposium Podium Presentations

The COVID-19 pandemic and civil unrest have increased individuals’ stress, anxiety, and social isolation. In response, a resounding call has gone out for more resources to buffer the effects of this psychological burden. One free and accessible resource is meditation; lovingkindness meditation is particularly beneficial and increases positive emotionality, psychological well-being, prosocial behavior, and social connectedness. Meditation is theorized to confer these benefits through fostering an allocentric spatial frame of reference. An allocentric spatial frame of reference is a view of the self that extends beyond the boundary of the body and is accompanied by a heightened sense of connection …

Hook3 Mutations And Their Contributions To Different Types Of Cancers, Brittny Mikhaiel, Van Vo Ph.D.

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

Hook3 (Hook Microtubule Tethering Protein 3) is a gene that encodes a protein that is localized in the Golgi complex and is linked to cellular trafficking of cargos and the binding of microtubules to organelles. Although there is some literature discussing the known functions of the gene, the phenotypes in mice or humans have not been thoroughly researched and literature on these phenotypes is limited. The literature that is available suggests Hook3 is implicated in diverse phenotypes ranging from bone development to neural development in mice. Since Hook3 is associated with prostate cancer, it is likely that it is involved …

Impact Of Follow Up Blood Cultures On Outcomes Of Patients With Community-Onset Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infection, Rajiv Amipara, Hana Rac Winders, Julie Ann Justo, P Brandon Bookstaver, Joseph Kohn, Majdi N. Al-Hasan

Faculty Publications

Background: The role of follow up blood cultures (FUBC) in the management of gram-negative bloodstream infection (GN-BSI) remains controversial. This retrospective cohort study examines the association between obtaining FUBC and mortality in GN-BSI.

Methods: Hospitalized adults with community-onset GN-BSI at Prisma Health-Midlands hospitals in South Carolina, USA from January 1, 2010 to June 30, 2015 were identified. Patients who died or were discharged from hospital within 72 h were excluded to minimize impact of survival and selection biases on results, respectively. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine association between obtaining FUBC and 28-day all-cause mortality after adjustment …

Best Practice In Dementia Communication: Determining The Effectiveness Of Pre-Recorded, Presentation-Based Learning For Cnas Working In Residential Care Facilities, Mary Kate Hoeve

Masters Theses

The dramatic increase in the aging population and predicted rise in individuals diagnosed with a dementia-related disorder in the next 30 years has sparked an increase in the exploration of gerontology and best practice in dementia care (Curyto & Vriesman, 2016). Additionally, each person living with dementia spends less than two percent of their day engaging in social communication with a care worker (Ward et al, 2005). With a significant increase in the development of dementia-related disorders and minimal social interaction, understanding the manifestations of dementia and methods of effective communication between individuals with dementia-related disorders and direct care workers …

The Effect Of Nutrition And Exercise On Mental Health, Rebekah Owen

Senior Honors Theses

Research has shown nutrition and exercise are especially effective in helping relieve mental illness. Mental health can be aided through dietary alterations such as increasing intake of omega-3 fatty acids, fermented foods, certain vitamins, minerals, and amino acids. Proper nutritional patterns help regulate neurotransmitters and assist in the betterment of brain functioning, offering protection from and maintenance of mental illness. Furthermore, the Mediterranean diet provides to be most beneficial for mental health compared to the standard American diet which contains additives harmful to the human brain. Physical exercise also provides to be a possible therapy for those suffering from mental …

The Importance Of Psychosocial Considerations In The Injury Rehabilitation Of Elite Athletes, Sydney Pierce

Senior Honors Theses

The psychological and emotional impact of sustaining a long-term injury to elite athletes demonstrates the need for an improved rehabilitative approach in sports medicine. Sports medicine is a healthcare profession that requires regular interaction with other people, specifically athletes, medical training as well as knowledge of human and sport psychology. Within the current model of sports rehabilitation practices, decisions pertaining to the timeline and progression of elite athletes’ recovery are based primarily on the physical damage from injury. Unfortunately, the focus often remains solely on the physical injury, disregarding an athlete’s psychosocial responses, which limits sports medicine professionals’ ability to …

The Effects Of Patient-Physician Interaction Time On Overall Visit Satisfaction And Prevention Of Physician Burnout, Miranda Sheridan

Senior Honors Theses

With an increasingly commercialized healthcare setting, today’s physicians are often forced to reduce their patient examination times drastically. There has also been a greater shift in the administration of primary care to allied health professionals such as physician assistants and nurse practitioners. However, these changes may not be sustainable in the long-term. This study investigates the relationship between time spent with a physician (M.D. or D.O.) during an examination and overall patient satisfaction. Moreover, mental health concerns, namely burnout, have become more prevalent among physicians. Studying this under the lens of accelerated modern medicine could help shed light on strategies …

Pedsafe Court Class Interactive Dashboard, Merika Charupoom, Emily Carter, Erin Breen

Undergraduate Research Symposium Podium Presentations

Pedestrian and pedal-cyclist fatalities continue to be a concern in Clark County. Road users who are cited for pedestrian violations are given opportunity to an educational resource by attending a 3-hour pedestrian safety class to void their violation points and fines. An interactive dashboard was created to display class participant demographics, analyses of pre-/post-tests, and geospatial mapping of citation locations. Researchers collected participant data from September 2017 to March 2019 (N=1,321) and used Microsoft Excel to create this visualization tool. The components of the dashboard include basic demographics and an analysis of change in pedestrian behavior knowledge using paired t-tests …

Lava Is All You Need: R Package Reduces Bias For Correlations Among Censored Variable, Monica Cordova-Medina, Lashawn Tith, Fitsum A. Ayele

Undergraduate Research Symposium Podium Presentations

Data censoring occurs when researchers have only partial information about the value of a variable. For example, one study investigated depression among participants taking psilocybin (magic mushrooms). If participants took extra psilocybin outside of the study context, then the dosage is known to be at least as much as a certain value, but it might have been higher. Left censoring occurs when the left-hand side of a distribution is obscured by censoring; right censoring when the right-hand side is obscured. The R package lava can estimate the correlation that would have been obtained between the uncensored variables when provided with …

Qualitative Analysis Of Different Educational Physical Activity Interventions And Policies For Older Asian Americans In The United States, Raisa Kabir, Manoj Sharma, Sayeda Tazim Zaidi

Undergraduate Research Symposium Podium Presentations

Physical activity (PA) provides numerous positive health benefits and minimizes chronic diseases and mental health issues, especially in older adults. The national survey data indicated that only 27.3% to 44.3% of older adults meet the recommended physical activity guidelines of 150 minutes/ week. There are limited data on PA behavior among older AA adults as very few to no local/national surveys are targeted for older AA and their marginalized subgroups. This qualitative analysis aimed to understand and review the effectiveness of physical activity interventions targeted for and done among older Asian American adults. The study included a comprehensive review based …

Police Shootings In The Mountain West, 2015 - 2021, Elia Del Carmen Solano-Patricio

Undergraduate Research Symposium Podium Presentations

The Washington Post publishes and regularly updates a dataset regarding the use of deadly force by police since 2015. This study extracts data for five Mountain West states (Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah), and presents a regional perspective on the total number of individuals shot and killed by police, including demographic variables such as race, gender, and age. Two additional variables are included in this examination: the presence or absence of mental illness in the decedent, and the presence or absence of a body-worn camera in incidents of deadly police force. Collected from January 1, 2015, to March …

Retinoblastoma: Past, Present, And Future, Izabela Daneva, Crysty-Ann Olaco, Albert Tran

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

The purpose of this research timeline is to synthesize the natural history of retinoblastoma to understand its societal effects and develop a public health message to raise awareness of the disease. We used literature-based research in order to gain an understanding about the discovery of this disease and investigate its most current state of knowledge. Retinoblastoma is an intraocular cancer that manifests early in childhood. It is typically linked to a somatic or germline insertion, deletion, or single-base substitution mutation on both alleles of RB1, a tumor-suppressor gene. Retinoblastoma was first identified in 1809 by James Wardrop, and since then, …

Cultural Identity Predicts Resilience In Maltreated Youth, Jordan Donohue, Janelle Salcedo, James Webster, Kinsey Ellis

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

Literature suggests that a stronger sense of cultural identity predicts higher levels of resilience following a traumatic event. However, there are limited studies that examine this relationship in children. The present research analyzes the relationship between cultural identity and resilience in a sample of maltreated youth. Participants included youth (n=65) aged 11-17 years in Department of Family Services (DFS) custody following removal from their home after substantiated child maltreatment. Cultural identity and resilience were both assessed by the Nevada Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths (NV- CANS). A linear regression indicated a significant predictive relationship between cultural identity and resilience, …

A Mediation Analysis Of Racial Microaggressions, Poor Coping Mechanisms And Mental Health, Janelle Ferraris, Andrea Galdamez, Aldo Barrita, Kristin Vierra

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

Microaggressions are daily slights and denigrations perpetrated towards marginalized individuals. These invalidations are perceived as significant stressors for marginalized people. The bulk of research on microaggressions indicates that these everyday slights can have a negative impact on mental health. The current study examines the relationship between microaggressions, detachment internalized racism, and negative mental health symptoms of depression, anxiety and depression. Specifically, regression analysis was used to investigate the hypothesis that both internalization and detachment mediate the effect of microaggressions on poor mental health symptoms for PoC. Results indicated that for PoC, microaggressions was a significant predictor of symptoms of both …

The Determinants Of Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior In The Asian Americans, Raisa Kabir, Sayeda Tazim Zaidi, Chia-Liang Dai

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

Physical activity (PA) is crucial to a positive healthy lifestyle which helps prevent and minimize various chronic diseases and mental health illnesses. Although the Asian American (AA) community is one of the fastest-growing marginalized minority groups in the United States, there is little research on PA behavior within the community. This study aimed to investigate correlates and determinants of PA behavior among the Asian American population to bring about policy changes, design educational programs, and promote research on PA promotion among the AA community. Studies were identified from searches located in databases such as MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed Central, and EBSCO …

A Timeline Of Down Syndrome, Christian Guese, Kristina Mcinnes, Kimberly Miranda

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

The purpose of this research timeline is to synthesize the natural history of Down Syndrome (DS) to discover absence of knowledge, discuss the bioethics in prenatal screening and develop a public health message. Our method of research was literature-based. DS is one of the most common aneuploidy disorders in the United States. There are three genetic variations of DS, Trisomy 21, a third copy of chromosome 21, accounts for 95% of cases. DS causes intellectual disability, developmental delays, facial dysmorphia, and low muscle tone. DS also leads to an increased risk for congenital heart defects and Alzheimer’s disease later in …

Discovering Rett Syndrome (Rts) And Understanding Its Enigmatic Development, Fiorella Ramirez-Guasp, Chanel Chan, Sukyeong Kim

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

The purpose of this research project is to compose a comprehensive timeline on the rare disease Rett Syndrome (RTS) in order to better understand its enigmatic development as well as furthering the public’s understanding on this degenerative disease. RTS is a panethnic progressive neurodevelopmental disorder that occurs nearly exclusively in girls. This syndrome is characterized by normal prenatal and neonatal development, followed by an onset of neurological symptoms with a mental stagnation anywhere around 6-18 months of age that involves a rapid loss in speech and acquired motor skills. There is limited knowledge about the molecular cause of Rett Syndrome, …

Identifying Determinants Of Breast Cancer Screening Through Mammography Among Asian American Women, Sayeda Tazim Zaidi, Raisa Kabir, Chia-Liang Dai

Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women around the world. In the US, approximately 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer over the course of their lifetime. There is a growing incidence of breast cancer among Asian American (AA) women. Breast cancer screening by mammography is the most effective early detection method to reduce mortality but AA women have the lowest utilization rates. This study aims to identify the determinants affecting mammography among AA women. A literature search in PubMed Central, MEDLINE, and CINAHL was undertaken to include all peer-reviewed studies published within the past 20 years …

Patient Satisfaction With Noise, Robert W. Kentner Ii

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Noise on hospital units can interfere with patient rest, timely recovery, and statisfacton with care. Improvements in the reduction of hospital noise levels lead to improved patient satisfaction and improved rest. Patients were surveyed on their satisfaction with noise during the day and at night.

PICOT: In Acute Care Patients (P), does the implementation of a noise reduction program (I) compared to no noise reduction program (C), affect patient satisfaction with noise (O) over a six-week period (T)?

Evidence: Studies show that many hospitals have noise levels that exceed the World Health Organization’s recommended standards for noise …

Teaching About The Wild: A Survival Course As A Novel Resident Educational Experience., Geoffrey Comp, Rachel Munn, Renee Moffitt, Eric Cortez

Medical Education Articles

AUDIENCE: Emergency medicine residents.

INTRODUCTION: Wilderness medicine (WM) is the practice of resource-limited medicine under austere conditions. Emergency physicians in training should gain additional exposure to wilderness medicine knowledge and outdoor skills to allow for the development of problem solving and improvisation abilities. However, there is limited data on the instruction of general survival skills to residents interested in WM.

EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES: By the end of the session the learner will be able to: 1) differentiate at least three different methods for water purification 2) describe how to erect a temporary survival shelter 3) construct a survival pack for personal …

Effect Of Kisspeptin-10 On Glucose-Induced Insulin Secretion In Equines, Amy Taylor

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Nonword Repetition In Spanish-English Bilingual Children, Katherine Beyer

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Listeners' Perception Of Children And Adult’S Word-Final /L/, Julia Sanders

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Cryopreservation, Immunophenotype And Sex On Multipotentiality, Cell Proliferation And Gene Expression In Feline Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells, Maia Williams

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Restoration Agriculture In Louisiana: On The Prospects And Ethics Of Creating A Permanent, Dynamic Agricultural System Suited For Louisiana's Environment, Noah Willsea

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Repeat Induced Abortion Among Chinese Women Seeking Abortion: Two Cross Sectional Studies, Longmei Tang, Shangchun Wu, Dianwu Liu, Marleen Temmerman, Wei-Hong Zhang

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: In China, there were about 9.76 million induced abortions in 2019, 50% of which were repeat abortions. Understanding the tendency of repeat induced abortion and identifying its related factors is needed to develop prevention strategies.

Methods: Two hospital-based cross-sectional surveys were conducted from 2005–2007 and 2013–2016 in 24 and 90 hospitals, respectively. The survey included women who sought an induced abortion within 12 weeks of pregnancy. The proportion of repeat induced abortions by adjusting the covariates through propensity score matching was compared between the two surveys, and the zero-inflated negative binomial regression model was established to identify …