Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Determination Of Ownership Practices And Cytauxzoon Felis Prevalence In Domestic Felines Of Northwest Arkansas, Daniella M. Duran

Animal Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

Cytauxzoon felis is a protozoan pathogen that causes the infectious disease, cytauxzoonosis in wild and domestic felines. The natural host of this pathogen is the bobcat (Lynx rufus), which is why this disease is also commonly referred to as “bobcat fever”. The C. felis pathogen infects wild and domestic cats upon transmission by infected ticks. Amblyomma americanum, also known as the Lone Star tick, the primary transmission vector for C. felis. This tick species is largely populated throughout the state of Arkansas, making C. felis a large threat to wild and domestic felines in these areas. Cytauxzoonosis is commonly thought …

Community Health Nursing In Ghana: Dental Hygiene, Alexis Llewellyn

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

Dental hygiene is an important contributor to our overall health. Poor dental hygiene practices can lead to plaque buildup, cavities formation, tooth decay, and infection. Infection that began as a result of poor oral hygiene can spread to other parts of the body and cause more serious conditions to develop. Dental health is not a priority among Ghanaian residents and there is a need for updated, evidence based research about this topic. This literature review focuses on community health nursing in Ghana, Africa regarding dental hygiene of the pediatric population in this country. The primary focus is to compare the …

Methods Of Malaria Prevention In Ghana, Africa: An Exhaustive Literature Review, Ally R. Marotti

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

Ghana, Africa is currently listed among the top fifteen malaria burdened countries across the globe (WHO, 2019). While developed nations around the world have deemed malaria of no concern, third world countries continue to battle rising case and mortality rates each year. The purpose of this literature review is to determine which method of prevention proves most effective against malaria transmission and why recognized prevention methods are lacking in accessibility to the residents of Ghana. Peer-reviewed primary sources published between the years of 2015 and 2021 were utilized in this study. In order to be considered for review, sources located …

Baccalaureate Nursing Students’ Personal Health-Promoting Attitudes And Behaviors, Margo Leavitt

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

Are future nurses equipped to manage the nursing environment and set an example for their patients through personal health promotion practices? Nursing education can cause significant stress that negatively impacts nursing students’ health behaviors. In addition, the college years are an important period for the development of health habits with long-ranging effects on individuals’ health outcomes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Baccalaureate students demonstrate changes in their self health-promoting attitudes and behaviors related to the unique demands of nursing education. A cross-sectional survey format was used to evaluate health behaviors, measured …

Tiny Tusks Internship And Electronic Application Use Among Breastfeeding Mothers, Amanda Herman

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

The United States (U.S.) lags behind most of the world in terms of breastfeeding rates despite all the research supporting the numerous benefits for both mother and baby. That said, the majority of the U.S. population also utilizes mobile health and internet for information on health illnesses and promotion. This paper synthesizes available statistics concerning mobile application usage and breastfeeding mothers. The objective was to determine why apps are utilized, general opinions of the apps, and the benefits and drawbacks of using such technology.

Understanding Modern History Of International Food Law Is Key To Building A More Resilient And Improved Global Food System, Michael T. Roberts

Journal of Food Law & Policy

This article advocates the need for a history of the development of modern international food law and suggests an analytical approach to complement the chronicling of events. Comprehension of this history will help elucidate the evolution of a complicated modern global food system, including its resiliency and vulnerability as demonstrated by Covid-19, thereby providing valuable context for change in the system where needed. This essay makes the case for such a history in three parts. First, it briefly demonstrates the need for a historical perspective through a critical examination of a journal article that speaks to Covid-19 food security in …

Frequency-Modulated Multiple-Tone Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions In Young Children With Normal Hearing, Kathryn Arielle Vlietstra Baker

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) are objective tests of the integrity of the outer hair cells of the cochlea in response to a single-tone pair stimulus. Despite advances in DPOAEs test protocols and technology, there is little research about the use of frequency modulated tones to improve response characteristics. This study evaluates the efficacy of a new frequency modulated stimulus with multiple-tone pair DPOAEs (mDPOAEs) compared to the standard stimulus protocol for mDPOAEs to determine whether frequency modulation (FM) will achieve more robust and faster results. Normative data for this novel test protocol were obtained in 11 healthy normal-hearing children aged …

Sex-Based Differences In Microbiota Composition And Metabolomic Profiles Associated With Altered Macrophage Function And Protection From Lupus In Bwf1 Mice., James William Harder

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex and an insidious disease that is still not completely understood, and has very few treatment options. Those that are available are ineffective and/or have serious side effects. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the susceptibility and resistance to SLE, and understanding the environmental factors underlying this disease could lead to more effective prevention and/or treatment strategies. Like most autoimmune diseases, SLE is much more prevalent in females than males. While there are numerous factors that contribute to this lupus susceptibility, there is increasing evidence that the microbiota can strongly influence lupus progression, …

Healthcare Workers' And Students' Current Knowledge And Perceptions Of Medical Marijuana Laws, Cole Isaac Stomp

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

As states across the United States enact Medical Marijuana Laws (MMLs), it is important to understand the implications of these policies and what effect they may have on the current healthcare industry. There is a lack of medical marijuana (MM) access due to novel policy and discrepancy of state legislature between those legalizing MM use versus current federal law. As of November, 2018, the state of Missouri has adopted MM policy, yet the perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge of MM and MMLs for current and future healthcare workers remains unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to survey local healthcare …

Sodium Pyruvate Ameliorates Influenza A Virus Infection In Vitro And In Vivo, Jessica M. Reel

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Pyruvate is produced in duplicate at the end of glycolysis in addition to ATP and NADH. Pyruvate is the metabolite of choice in most cells, whether obtained exogenously or endogenously. Recently we found that the addition of pyruvate’s conjugate base, sodium pyruvate, to cell culture media dampened the immune response to influenza A virus (IAV) infection in cultured innate immune cells. Thus, I decided to investigate the mechanism and potential for treatment of IAV. In vitro using bone marrow derived macrophages that were infected with IAV we found that adding sodium pyruvate to the media decreased immune signaling pathways through …

Sfrp4 Drives Invasion In Gastric Cancer And Is An Early Predictor Of Recurrence., Rita A Busuttil, Joshy George, Colin M House, Stephen Lade, Catherine Mitchell, Natasha S Di Costanzo, Sharon Pattison, Yu-Kuan Huang, Patrick Tan, Jae-Ho Cheong, Sun Young Rha, Alex Boussioutas

Faculty Research 2021

OBJECTIVE: Gastric cancer patients generally have a poor outcome, particularly those with advanced-stage disease which is defined by the increased invasion of cancer locally and is associated with higher metastatic potential. This study aimed to identify genes that were functional in the most fundamental hallmark of cancer, namely invasion. We then wanted to assess their value as biomarkers of gastric cancer progression and recurrence.

DESIGN: Data from a cohort of patients profiled on cDNA expression arrays was interrogated using K-means analysis. This genomic approach classified the data based on patterns of gene expression allowing the identification of the genes most …

Child Maltreatment And Neglect In The United Arab Emirates And Relationship With Low Self-Esteem And Symptoms Of Depression, Syed M. Shah, Gul Nowshad, Fatima Al Dhaheri, Mariam H. Al-Shamsi, Alfan M. Al-Ketbi, Alaa Galadari, Priyam Joshi, Heba Bendak, Michal Grivna, Danilo Arnone

Department of Family Medicine

Objectives: To our knowledge, this study is the first in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to investigate the prevalence of child maltreatment in relation to depressive symptoms and self-esteem.
Study design: Exposure to physical maltreatment, emotional abuse and neglect was evaluated in 518 adolescents (86% response rate) randomly selected from schools in Al Ain in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The Rosenberg self-esteem scale and the Beck Depression Inventory were used to measure self-esteem and depressive symptoms by using multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results: The mean age of study participants was 14.3 years. Emotional abuse was the most frequent form …

Optimal Analytical Methods For High Accuracy Cardiac Disease Classification And Treatment Based On Ecg Data, Jianwei Zheng

Computational and Data Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

This work constitutes six projects. In the first project, a newly inaugurated research database for 12-lead electrocardiogram signals was created under the auspices of Chapman University and Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine). This database aims to enable the scientific community in conducting new studies on arrhythmia and other cardiovascular conditions. In the second project, we created a new 12-lead ECG database under the auspices of Chapman University and Ningbo First Hospital of Zhejiang University that aims to provide high quality data enabling detection of the distinctions between idiopathic ventricular arrhythmia from right ventricular outflow tract …

Outpatient Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Of A Patient With Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome And Received A Total Knee Arthroplasty, Jacob Todd

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose. Total knee arthroplasties (TKA) remain the gold standard of surgical interventions to the knee and are often used to treat the knee joint for arthritic changes along with therapeutic exercise.

Case Description. This case report describes the physical therapy rehabilitation of a 48-year-old female post left T KA due to increased instability, afthritic changes, and pain caused by her EDS combined with her high BMI. The patient previously had her right knee replaced with a TKA and was acquainted with the rehabilitation process and familiar with all of the therapeutic exercises and proper progression of …

Outpatient Physical Therapy Management Of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Disorder With Radiculopathy, Kaitlyn Mcclaflin

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose. This article summarizes the 6-week outpatient physical therapy management of a patient that experienced a lumbar disc derangement with radiculopathy in the right lower extremity. She experienced a decrease in function, range of motion, and strength following onset of symptoms. The purpose of this article is to outline the interventions utilized in this patient's plan of care in an attempt to return her to caring for children, full-time work, and daily exercise at her prior level of function.

Description. Patient was a 31 -year-old female with 3 children. She worked as a nurse full-time and …

Physical Therapy Management For A Collegiate Football Athlete With Post-Concussion Syndrome – A Case Report, Alyssa Theede

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: A concussion is a traumatic brain injury caused by a violent bump, blow or jolt to the head that causes the head and brain to move or slide rapidly back and forth forcefully against the inner walls of the skull. This case study evaluates the effectiveness of physical therapy intervention for post-concussion syndrome and cervical spine hypomobility and pain, and discusses the outcomes experienced by the patient.

Case Description. The patient was an 18-year-old male collegiate football athlete who acquired post-concussion syndrome, and cervical hypomobility and pain physical therapy treatment in an outpatient clinic for …

Outpatient Physical Therapy Management Of A Patient With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Case Study, Hannah Gregg

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose This report outlines a patient' s course of physical therapy for knee pain that was consistent with patellofemoral pain syndrome. First, the case discusses the current literature on the diagnosis and treatment of the condition, then describes a narrative of the patient's initial evaluation to his outcomes and discharge, Lastly, it reflects upon his experiences with results in the literature regarding others who have this condition.

Case Description. The patient presented to the outpatient clinic with anteromedial knee pain following a referral from an orthopedic physician. A subjective history and physical therapy examination were performed to reach …

Outpatient Physical Therapy Rehabilitation For A Patient With Wrist Pathology, Amy Svir

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Case Description. This case report describes the physical therapy evaluation and intervention for a 14-year-old female with right wrist pathology. The patient presented with increased pain as well as decreased function, decreased active range-of-motion (AROM), decreased passive range-of-motion (PROM), and decreased wrist strength.

Plan of Care and Intervention. The treatment for this patient was a combination of iontophoresis administration of dexamethasone, manual therapy in the form of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) and joint mobilization, and therapeutic exercise. Iontophoresis was used to transfer dexamethasone, an anti-inflammatory medicine, into the affected area.

Outcomes. After 8 treatment sessions, the patient had decreased …

Parkinson’S Disease And Lumbar Compression Fracture Physical Therapy Management: A Case Report., Mckinley Bender

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and purpose: Parkinson's disease is a slow, variable, progressive, neurodegenerative disease. It is the most common serious movement disorder in the world. Falls are common in people with Parkinson's disease and may lead to devasting outcomes such as compression fractures. This article describes the outpatient physical therapy course of a 76-year-old female patient with Parkinson's disease whom sustained a L3 lumbar compression fracture from a fall. It also discusses the outcomes she obtained as a result of physical therapy intervention.

Case Description: The patient presented to physicat therapy with decreased overall strength, gait difficulty with decreased foot clearance, …

Outpatient Physical Therapy Management For A Full Thickness Sutraspinatus Tendon Tear: A Case Study, Samantha Miller

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose. This article describes the 14-week physical therapy treatment of a pre- and postoperational full thickness supraspinatus tendon tear of a 45-year-old female. The four muscles of the rotator cuff provide stabilization to the glenohumeral joint of the shoulder. These muscles are the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and the subscapularis. ^l In the United States, roughly 460 000 rotator cuff repair surgeries occur each year and they are the second most common orthopedic procedure. ² Past research studies have shown that a full recovery from this surgery takes 3 to 6 months, with factors such as integrity …

Lateral Knee Pain In A Female Runner: A Case Study, Cassidy Steinessen

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose. Knee pain is the most common site for lower extremity injuries in runners, especially female runners. Knee pain is defined by a variety of conditions, one of which is patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). The purpose of this case report is to follow the six-week management of a distance runner with left lateral knee pain, with a suspected diagnosis of PFPS.

Case Description. The patient is a 37-year-old female who was seeking treatment for left knee pain with secondary pain in her right hip that she had been experiencing for over six months. She was found …

Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty And The Effects Of Physical Therapy In The Outpatient Setting: A Case Study., Erin Syverson

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: A bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure that has seen success in managing end-stage osteoarthritis of the knee joint. This case study evaluates the usefulness of physical therapy following bilateral TKA and deliberates the outcomes the patient experienced.

Case Description: The patient was a 62-year-old male who received postoperative physical therapy in an outpatient orthopedic clinic for a total of 8 weeks. The patient demonstrated decreased bilateral knee range of motion (ROM), decreased bilateral gross lower extremity (LE) strength, increased pain and swelling in both knees, and decreased endurance for ambulation.

Intervention …

The Effectiveness Of Physical Therapy Intervention Modeled After The Scroth Method And Fits Concept For Treatment Of Radicular Symptoms Secondary To Mild Scoliosis In A 16-Year Old Female., Mary T. Gray

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose. Physical therapy as an intervention for scoliosis typically involves a method-based scoliosis specific approach to treatment that requires extensive training such as the Schroth method or FITS concept. The purpose of this study is to determine if physical therapy treatment alone, when modeled after the Schroth method and FITS concept can be an effective treatment method for lumbar radiculopathy and pain secondary to mild scoliosis.

Case Description. The patient featured in this case report is a 16-year-old female with a medical diagnosis of scoliosis and fibro-lipoma on her filum terminal. The patient had a Cobb …

Outpatient Physical Therapy Management Of A Patient With Thoracic Outlet Syndrome And Cervical Radiculopathy: A Case Report, Morgan Burrer

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome is a condition that produces symptoms of pain, numbness, and weakness that may affect the arm, shoulder, or neck. Similarly, cervical radiculopathy is a condition resulting from the compression of cervical nerve roots. The purpose of this case report is to describe an appropriate outpatient physical therapy intervention program for a 69-year-old male who has the diagnoses of cervical radiculopathy, impaired cervicothoracic mobility, and thoracic outlet syndrome.

Case Description. The patient had a significant past medical history including coronary artery disease, chronic pain, and a C4-C5 fusion. His primary goal was to …

Impact Of Early Tracheostomy On Neurodevelopmental Outcome Of Infants With Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Exposed To Postnatal Steroids, Amjad Taha, Gangaram Akangire, Janelle R. Noel-Macdonnell Phd, Tiffany Willis, Winston M. Manimtim

Posters

Background: BPD is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment. Tracheostomy is performed in 5-12% of severe BPD for prolonged ventilation. There is evidence that chronic ventilation with tracheostomy in severe BPD may facilitate neurodevelopment and lead to improved outcome. However, there is no consensus on the optimal timing of tracheostomy. A large multicenter study of infants with tracheostomy performed at <120 days of life had better neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18-22 months of age. Use of steroids postnatally to ameliorate the severity of BPD had been controversial due to its negative effect on neurodevelopment. To date, no data has specifically evaluated the impact of early tracheostomy on neurodevelopmental outcome of infants with severe BPD who are exposed to postnatal steroids.


Objective: To compare cognitive, language and motor scores among 3 groups of severe BPD infants who received early vs late vs no tracheostomy. Secondly, evaluate if postnatal steroids had an additive negative effect on neurodevelopmental outcomes.


Design/Methods: IRB approved retrospective cohort of …

Association Between Esa Dose And Blood Pressure In Pediatric Patients On Dialysis, Heather A. Morgans, Judith Sebestyen Vansickle, Franz Schaefer, Bradley A. Warady

Posters

Background: Hypertension is a reported side effect of Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents (ESAs), with a mechanism of action related to elevated hematocrit levels and direct vasopressor effects. Limited information exists on the relationship between ESA dosage and hypertension in children receiving maintenance dialysis.


Objective: The primary aim of this study was to determine whether there is a significant correlation between ESA dose and blood pressure (BP) in pediatric patients on dialysis. The secondary aim was to determine confounding variables in relation to ESA dose and BP.


Design/Methods: Data from the International Pediatric Dialysis Network (IPDN) database was used to retrospectively evaluate …

C-Reactive Protein Values To Predict Sepsis-Induced Inflammatory Response In Premature Infants, Megan Tucker, Hung-Wen Yeh, Daniel K. Oh, Venkatesh Sampath

Posters

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory marker that has been recognized as a biomarker of the systemic inflammatory response in preterm neonates. We hypothesized that initial and peak CRP values would correlate with the degree of sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) as measured by the pulmonary severity score (PSS).


Objective: 1) Determine if confirmed (CF) sepsis events are associated with higher initial and peak CRP values than rule out (RO) sepsis events. 2) Investigate if initial and/or peak CRP correlates with severity of sepsis-induced ALI as measured by the PSS.


Design/Methods: In this retrospective case control study, we included …

Antibiotic Durations For Skin And Soft Tissue Infections In Pediatric Urgent Care Clinics, Megan Hamner, Amanda Nedved, Holly Austin, Donna Wyly, Alaina N. Burns, Diana King, Brian R. Lee, Rana El Feghaly

Posters

Background: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are the second most common diagnosis leading to pediatric antibiotic prescriptions in the outpatient setting after respiratory diagnoses. However, most antibiotic stewardship programs have mainly focused on the latter. Children seen in the ambulatory setting for SSTIs often receive >7 days of antibiotics, although current society guidelines recommend 5-7 days for most diagnoses.


Objective: To determine the baseline percentage of patients receiving antibiotic prescriptions for >7 days for SSTIs in urgent care clinics (UCC)s of a pediatric health system and to evaluate factors that influence providers towards longer durations.


Design/Methods: We built a …

Utilization Of Enteral Tranexamic Acid To Stabilize Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage In Pediatric Patients On Ecmo, Gina Patel, Jenna Miller, Thomas M. Attard, Asdis Finnsdottir Wagner

Posters

Hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) support are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. There is a paucity of literature describing the incidence and management of Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding on ECMO. We describe the use of enteral tranexamic acid (TXA) as an alternative strategy in two pediatric patients with GI hemorrhage on ECMO. Case 1 A 5-year-old with Wilms Tumor required Veno-Venous ECMO due to respiratory failure associated with pulmonary hemorrhage and air-leak syndrome. Her course was complicated by severe GI hemorrhage refractory to IV proton pump inhibitor (PPI), IV TXA and octreotide infusions. Concomitant IV TXA …

Evaluation Of The Hypothesis That Viral Meningitis Is A Mimic Of Abusive Head Trauma, Danielle Horton, Tanya Burrell, James Anderst, Lyndsey Hultman, Mary Moffatt, Henry T. Puls, Rangaraj Selvarangan

Posters

Background: Viral meningitis (VM) has been proposed as an alternative cause of subdural hemorrhage (SDH) in young children diagnosed with abusive head trauma (AHT). It has been proposed that VM may mimic symptoms and clinical features of AHT, resulting in an incorrect diagnosis of abuse.


Objective: We aim to evaluate the hypothesis that VM is a mimic of AHT by comparing the history of present illness (HPI) and initial clinical presentation of young children with proven VM to those with subdural hemorrhage and concomitant suspicious injuries (SDH + CSIs) and to those with SDH and no CSIs (SDH only). We …