Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Effectiveness Of Building Systems Strategies For Mitigation Of Airborne Transmission Of Sars-Cov-2, Meng Kong, Jialei Shen, Bing Dong, Jianshun Jensen Zhang

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering - All Scholarship

Airborne transmission has been recognized as a major transmission pathway for the infectious disease COVID-19. This study investigated the effectiveness of several indoor air quality (IAQ) control strategies on the mitigation of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The well-known airborne disease infection risk model (Wells-Riley equation) was used to estimate the infection risk of the SARS-CoV-2 in seven (7) different types of spaces including conference center/ballrooms, hotel bistro//cafeteria, hotel lobby, classrooms (lecture), conference room/small classroom, hotel or cruise ship guest rooms and open plan offices. The IAQ control strategies included increased ventilation rate, improved air distribution …

Towards Better Remote Healthcare Experiences: An Mhealth Video Conferencing System For Improving Healthcare Outcomes, El Sayed Mahmoud, Edward Sykes, Blake Eram, Sandy Schwenger, Jimmy Poulin, Mark Cheers

Publications and Scholarship

This work investigated how to combine mobile cloud computing, video conferencing and user interface design principles to promote the effectiveness and the ease of using online healthcare appointment platforms. The Jitsi Meet video conference technology was selected from amongst 27 competing systems based on efficiency and security criteria. This platform was used as the foundation on which we designed, developed and evaluated of our video conferencing system specially designed for improving doctor-patient interaction and experiences. Nine doctor- patient functions were developed in order to facilitate efficient and effective online healthcare appointments, such as providing the doctor with the ability to …

Modulation Of Ros In Nanosecond-Pulsed Plasma-Activated Media For Dosage-Dependent Cancer Cell Inactivation In Vitro, Chunqi Jiang, Esin Bengisu Sozer, Shutong Song, Nicola Lai, P. Thomas Vernier, Sigi Guo

Bioelectrics Publications

Dosage control of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) is critical to low-temperature plasma applications in cancer therapy. Production of RONS by atmospheric pressure, nonequilibrium plasmas in contact with liquid may be modulated via plasma conditions including plasma treatment time and pulse voltage and repetition frequency. In this study, a terephthalic acid-based probe was used to measure hydroxyl radicals [OH_aq] in water exposed to plasma and to demonstrate that the OH_ag concentration increases linearly with treatment time. Fluorometric measurements of hydrogen peroxide concentration in plasma-activated water show a linear relationship between the H₂O₂ production …

9th International Conference On Business, Technology And Innovation 2020, University For Business And Technology - Ubt

UBT International Conference

Welcome to IC – UBT 2020

UBT Annual International Conference is the 9th international interdisciplinary peer reviewed conference which publishes works of the scientists as well as practitioners in the area where UBT is active in Education, Research and Development. The UBT aims to implement an integrated strategy to establish itself as an internationally competitive, research-intensive university, committed to the transfer of knowledge and the provision of a world-class education to the most talented students from all background. The main perspective of the conference is to connect the scientists and practitioners from different disciplines in the same place and make …

Factores Asociados A Retinopatía En Diabetes Mellitus, Angie Nicole Peñuela Suárez, Fabio Andrés Manrique, Paula Daniel Pérez Espinel, Diana Valeria Rey Rodríguez, María Camila Sotomonte Flórez

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar, a través de la búsqueda de la literatura, factores asociados que afectan a la población que padece retinopatía diabética (RD). Para esto, se realizó una búsqueda electrónica de artículos científicos en las bases de datos Medline (PubMed) y LILACS, utilizando descriptores DeCS, donde de incluyeron palabras claves como factores de riesgo, diabetes y retinopatía. Como resultado, se identificaron 9 estudios, en donde los factores asociados a RD en la población con diabetes mellitus fue dislipidemia, control glucémico, área rural, hipertensión arterial, duración de la diabetes, tabaquismo, obesidad, índice de masa corporal (IMC), hemoglobina …

In The Pursuit Of Assistance: A Team's Desire To Not Let A Congenital Amputation Get In A Young Boy's Way, Carl Russell Iii, Gavin Loucks, Kirsten Wozniak

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

EPICS is a service-learning design program run through Purdue University. It strives to teach students design skills through providing for individuals, communities, and organizations in the surrounding area while mirroring engineering industry standards. BME (Biomedical Engineering) is a team within EPICS that strives to serve community partners through biomedical applications. William Sevick is an elementary school student with a congenital arm amputation. William and his family have been working with the BME team for the past three years designing assistive devices with the purpose of improving his actions in daily life such as eating, playing games, and riding his bike.

Global Air Quality Trekkers: Nandi Clean Kitchen Study, Samantha Dykhuis, Stephanie Schiavo, Avalin Senefeld

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Indoor air pollution is a widespread environmental health challenge sub-Saharan Africa and is the leading cause of premature death in many sub-Saharan African countries. This pollution is primarily caused by the burning of biomass fuels inside an enclosed kitchen in order to provide heat for cooking. Global Air Quality Trekkers is an undergraduate engineering team within the EPICS department at Purdue that began in fall 2016. Our objective is to create a kitchen design that utilizes natural ventilation to mitigate the amount of air pollutants present in these kitchens, specifically in the Nandi community of Western Kenya. This year, our …

Navigation And Patient Specific Instrumentation In Shoulder Arthroplasty, Joseph Cavanagh

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The humeral head osteotomy influences shoulder arthroplasty component height, version and neck shaft angle and therefore outcomes. The purpose of this study is to develop and utilize navigation to execute the osteotomy.

3D printed models were used to develop a navigation technique, and then to execute planned osteotomies. Free hand, fixed angle guide, patient specific guides, and real time navigation osteotomies were completed. The height, neck shaft angle and version were recorded. Also collected, were the planes of the guides once they were placed.

Navigation had significantly less error from the planned osteotomy in neck shaft angle versus all other …

Axonal Blockage With Microscopic Magnetic Stimulation, Hui Ye

Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Numerous neurological dysfunctions are characterized by undesirable nerve activity. By providing reversible nerve blockage, electric stimulation with an implanted electrode holds promise in the treatment of these conditions. However, there are several limitations to its application, including poor bio-compatibility and decreased efficacy during chronic implantation. A magnetic coil of miniature size can mitigate some of these problems, by coating it with biocompatible material for chronic implantation. However, it is unknown if miniature coils could be effective in axonal blockage and, if so, what the underlying mechanisms are. Here we demonstrate that a submillimeter magnetic coil can reversibly block action potentials …

3d Reconstruction Of Spine Image From 2d Mri Slices Along One Axis, Somoballi Ghoshal, Sourav Banu, Amlan Chakrabarti, Susmita Sur-Kolay, Alok Pandit

Journal Articles

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a very effective method for identifying any abnormality in the structure and physiology of the spine. However, MRI is time consuming as well as costly. In this work, the authors propose an algorithm which can reduce the time of MRI and thus the cost, with minimal compromise on accuracy. They reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) image of the spine from a sequence of 2D MRI slices along any one axis with reasonable slice gap. In order to preserve the image at the edges properly, they regenerate the 3D image by using a combination of bicubic and …

Thermostabilization Of Viruses Via Complex Coacervation, Xue Mi, Whitney C. Blocher Mctigue, Pratik Umesh Joshi, Mallory K. Bunker, Caryn L. Heldt, Sarah L. Perry

Michigan Tech Publications

Widespread vaccine coverage for viral diseases could save the lives of millions of people each year. For viral vaccines to be effective, they must be transported and stored in a narrow temperature range of 2–8 °C. If temperatures are not maintained, the vaccine may lose its potency and would no longer be effective in fighting disease; this is called the cold storage problem. Finding a way to thermally stabilize a virus and end the need to transport and store vaccines at refrigeration temperatures will increase access to life-saving vaccines. We explore the use of polymer-rich complex coacervates to stabilize viruses. …

Semi Open Partitions: A Defense Strategy For Airborne Disease, Kerrie Marshall, Arik Palileo, Eric A. Schiff

SyracuseCoE Research Brief Series

This brief summarizes research on two measures that reduce the risk of transmitting COVID-19 from an infected person to a virus-free individual. Semi-partitioned spaces can reduce airborne disease transmission when combined with a proper ventilation flow pattern in a room. With advanced displacement ventilation risk can be reduced by at least 4 times.

Covid-19_Umaine News_Kirkmann Speaks With Wabi About Student Construction Projects At Leonard’S Mill, University Of Maine Division Of Marketing And Communications

Division of Marketing & Communications

Screenshot of UMaine in the News regarding Meredith Kirkmann, University of Maine assistant professor of Construction Engineering Technology (CET), about the outdoor projects senior CET students are working on at the Maine Forest and Logging Museum's Leonard's Mills.

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 61 Number 3, Fall 2020 [Print Issue V.61:2], Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

16 - THE GIFT Is sacrifice, given willingly and with love, what makes us human? Leslie Griffy.

20 - NOT A MOMENT, BUT A MOVEMENT From protests in Benson in 1969 to a multi-decade movement called Unity, students of color have consistently pushed SCU to progress. Matt Morgan.

28 - ON BEING BETTER Discover the ways we can better support each other, particularly as white people seek to become allies to people of color. Lauren Loftus.

32 - THE SACRIFICIAL TWEET Social media missteps are costly, perhaps now more than ever. Just what are we willing to give up to …

Effect Of Bout Length On Gait Measures In People With And Without Parkinson’S Disease During Daily Life, Vrutangkumar Shah, James Mcnames, Graham Harker, Martina Mancini, Patricia Carlson-Kuhta, John G. Nutt, Mahmoud El-Gohary, Carolin Curtze, Fay Horak

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Although the use of wearable technology to characterize gait disorders in daily life is increasing, there is no consensus on which specific gait bout length should be used to characterize gait. Clinical trialists using daily life gait quality as study outcomes need to understand how gait bout length affects the sensitivity and specificity of measures to discriminate pathological gait as well as the reliability of gait measures across gait bout lengths. We investigated whether Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects how gait characteristics change as bout length changes, and how gait bout length affects the reliability and discriminative ability of gait measures …

Novel Application Of Graphene Oxide Based-Biosensor Utilizing Crispr/Dcas9 For Rapid Detection Of Antibiotic Resistance Genes, Joel Omage

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest public health challenges globally. To combat this threat, we have designed a method for the facile and rapid detection of antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) in bacteria. We utilized an emerging tool termed the clusters of regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) in complex with deactivated CRISPR associated proteins (dCas9) on conjugated 2-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) sheets. Nuclease-deactivated Cas9 in complex with customized single guided RNA (sgRNA) was used for the target DNA recognition. The sgRNA was easy to design and we demonstrated that it is complementary to its target sequence by performing a …

Manejo De Detrito Con Hápticas Tóricas En Un Lente Escleral, Para Un Paciente Con Queratotomía Radial, Manuel Sánchez-Pérez, Sandra Paola Partido-Echeverría

Ciencia y Tecnología para la Salud Visual y Ocular

En la actualidad, una de las mejores maneras para rehabilitar visualmente a pacientes con importantes irregularidades corneales es con los lentes de contacto esclerales. No obstante, con ellos también se han presentado diversas complicaciones como la presencia de detrito entre el lente y la córnea. En el presente artículo se presenta un caso en el cual se dio este fenómeno y a través de ese se describirá su manejo mediante la modificación de la zona háptica, pruebas optométricas realizadas y el respectivo seguimiento. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 53 años, posoperada de queratotomía radial por miopía alta; …

A Comparative Study For Methodologies And Algorithms Used In Colon Cancer Diagnoses And Detection, Mona Mohamed Nasr, Laila Mohamed Abdelhamid, Naglaa Shehata

Future Computing and Informatics Journal

Colon cancer is also referred to as colorectal cancer; it is a kind of cancer that starts with colon damage to the large intestine in the last section of the digestive tract. Elderly people typically suffer from colon cancer, but this may occur at any age. It normally starts as a little, noncancerous (benign) mass of cells named polyps that structure within the colon. After a period of time these polyps can turn into advanced malignant tumors that attack the human body and some of these polyps can become colon cancers. So far, no concrete causes have been identified and …

Single‐Molecule 3d Orientation Imaging Reveals Nanoscale Compositional Heterogeneity In Lipid Membranes, Jin Lu, Hesam Mazidi, Tianben Ding, Oumeng Zhang, Matthew D. Lew

Electrical & Systems Engineering Publications and Presentations

In soft matter, thermal energy causes molecules to continuously translate and rotate, even in crowded environments, thereby impacting the spatial organization and function of most molecular assemblies, such as lipid membranes. Directly measuring the orientation and spatial organization of large collections (>3000 molecules μm⁻²) of single molecules with nanoscale resolution remains elusive. In this paper, we utilize SMOLM, single‐molecule orientation localization microscopy, to directly measure the orientation spectra (3D orientation plus “wobble”) of lipophilic probes transiently bound to lipid membranes, revealing that Nile red's (NR) orientation spectra are extremely sensitive to membrane chemical composition. SMOLM images resolve …

Renal Proximal Tubular Nemo Plays A Critical Role In Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury, Sang Jun Han, Ryan M. Williams, Mihwa Kim, Daniel A. Heller, Vivette D'Agati, Marc Schmidt-Supprian, H. Thomas Lee

Publications and Research

We determined that renal proximal tubular (PT) NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) plays a direct and critical role in ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) using mice lacking renal PT NEMO and by targeted renal PT NEMO inhibition with mesoscale nanoparticle–encapsulated NEMO binding peptide (NBP MNP). We subjected renal PT NEMO–deficient mice, WT mice, and C57BL/6 mice to sham surgery or 30 minutes of renal ischemia and reperfusion (IR). C57BL/6 mice received NBP MNP or empty MNP before renal IR injury. Mice treated with NBP MNP and mice deficient in renal PT NEMO were protected against ischemic AKI, having decreased renal tubular …

Supporting Coordination Of Children With Asd Using Neurological Music Therapy: A Pilot Randomized Control Trial Comparing An Elastic Touch-Display With Tambourines, Franceli L. Cibrian, Melisa Madrigal, Marina Avelais, Monica Tentori

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Aim

To evaluate the efficacy of Neurologic Music Therapy (NMT) using a traditional and a technological intervention (elastic touch-display) in improving the coordination of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), as a primary outcome, and the timing and strength control of their movements as secondary outcomes.

Methods

Twenty-two children with ASD completed 8 NMT sessions, as a part of a 2-month intervention. Participants were randomly assigned to either use an elastic touch-display (experimental group) or tambourines (control group). We conducted pre- and post- assessment evaluations, including the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) and motor assessments related to the control of …

Nebraska State And Federal Tax Issues: Opinions Of Rural Nebraskans, John C. Allen, Sam Cordes, Amy M. Smith, Matt Spilker, Amber Hamilton

Rural Futures Institute: Publications

Includes

Executive summary

Introduction

Methodology

Respondent profile

Findings

Nebraska Tax Issues

Federal Government Deficit Reduction

Federal Taxation Options

Federal Program Reduction Alternatives

Conclusions

Personalized Medicine: The Use Of Biomarkers And Molecularly Targeted Therapies For Patient Care And Cancer Intervention, Wafa Asad, Emily Schmitt Lavin

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

Personalized medicine and targeted therapy have been emerging fields of study for the remediation and inhibition of cancer. Personalized medicine in the treatment of cancer involves using genetic, immune, and proteomic profiling to provide therapeutic options as well as prognostic background for every patient and their tumor’s genetic mutations. Targeted therapies allow researchers and medical personnel alike to determine the appropriate treatment for a patient based on the molecular basis and mechanistic actions of a cancerous tumor. The overall significance of this study was to express how these treatments use biomarkers to pinpoint the location, and severity of the cancer, …

Biomanufacturing Organized Collagen-Based Microfibers As A Tissue Engineered Device (Tend) For Tendon Regeneration, Yas Maghdouri-White, Nardos Sori, Stella Petrova, Hilary Wriggers, Nathan Kemper, Amrita Dasgupta, Kelly Coughenour, Seth Polk, Nick Thayer, Mario Rodriguez, Bill Simon, Anna Bulysheva, Kevin Bonner,, Steven Arnoczky, Samuel Adams, Michael Francis

Bioelectrics Publications

Approximately 800,000 surgical repairs are performed annually in the U.S. for debilitating injuries to ligaments and tendons of the foot, ankle, knee, wrist, elbow and shoulder, presenting a significant healthcare burden. To overcome current treatment shortcomings and advance the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries, we have developed a novel electrospun Tissue ENgineered Device (TEND), comprised of type I collagen and poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) solubilized in a benign solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). TEND fiber alignment, diameter and porosity were engineered to enhance cell infiltration leading to promote tissue integration and functional remodeling while providing biomechanical stability. TEND rapidly adsorbs …

Effect Of Motor-Assisted Elliptical Training Speed And Body Weight Support On Center Of Pressure Movement Variability, Farahnaz Fallahtafti, Chase M. Pfeifer, Thad W. Buster, Judith M. Burnfield

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Background: A motor-assisted elliptical trainer is being used clinically to help individuals with physical disabilities regain and/or retain walking ability and cardiorespiratory fitness. Unknown is how the device’s training parameters can be used to optimize movement variability and regularity. This study examined the effect of motor-assisted elliptical training speed as well as body weight support (BWS) on center of pressure (CoP) movement variability and regularity during training. Methods: CoP was recorded using in-shoe pressure insoles as participants motor-assisted elliptical trained at three speeds (20, 40, and 60 cycles per minute) each performed at four BWS levels (0%, 20%, 40%, and …

Survey Of Airflow Around A Heated Manikin As A Simulated Aeromedical Evacuation Patient On A Litter With Computational Fluid Dynamics Models, George P. Lemmer

Theses and Dissertations

Aeromedical Evacuations remain the predominant method used to transport patients from forward deployed areas of operations to secure locations with more robust medical infrastructure. Transportation of chemical warfare casualties and infectious patients require additional attention to prevent cross contamination. Specific airflow characteristics paired with environmental control system settings are a gap in scholarly literature. Based on the available literature computational fluid dynamics models were created to simulate the airflow around a patient represented by human geometry using commercially available software. In order to compare simulated and experimental results a heated manikin was placed in the MURPHEE aerosol exposure chamber and …

Cardiorespiratory Fitness Diminishes The Effects Of Age On White Matter Hyperintensity Volume, Nathan F. Johnson, Ahmed A. Bahrani, David K. Powell, Gregory A. Jicha, Brian T. Gold

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are among the most commonly observed marker of cerebrovascular disease. Age is a key risk factor for WMH development. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with increased vessel compliance, but it remains unknown if high CRF affects WMH volume. This study explored the effects of CRF on WMH volume in community-dwelling older adults. We further tested the possibility of an interaction between CRF and age on WMH volume. Participants were 76 adults between the ages of 59 and 77 (mean age = 65.36 years, SD = 3.92) who underwent a maximal graded exercise test and structural brain …

Comparison Of Longitudinal Changes In Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Between Alzheimer’S And Healthy Controls, Berk Can Yilmaz

Theses

Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) is a technique that is widely used for analyzing brain function using different approaches and methods. This study involves rs-fMRI analysis of Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signals acquired from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Patients and Healthy Controls (HC). Each subject in the study had both functional and anatomical images with at least one rs-fMRI scan with their Anatomical (T1) scans. Previous rs-fMRI studies have demonstrated that AD shows differences in Amplitude of Low Frequency (<0.1 Hz) Fluctuations (ALFF), and Regional Homogeneity (ReHo) measures according to HCs.

The aim of the study is to investigate individual and group level differences using ReHo and mALFF related …

Characterization Of Neuronal Differentiation And Activity In Human-Induced Pluripotent Neural Stem Cells, Allison Biddinger

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Machine Learning Models: Gesture Recognition Using A Multimodal Wrist Orthosis For Tetraplegics, Charlie Martin

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Many tetraplegics must wear wrist braces to support paralyzed wrists and hands. However, current wrist orthoses have limited functionality to assist a person’s ability to perform typical activities of daily living other than a small pocket to hold utensils. To enhance the functionality of wrist orthoses, gesture recognition technology can be applied to control mechatronic tools attached to a novel fabricated wrist brace. Gesture recognition is a growing technology for providing touchless human-computer interaction that can be particularly useful for tetraplegics with limited upper-extremity mobility. In this study, three gesture recognition models were compared—two dynamic time-warping models and a hidden …