Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Effectiveness Of Sensory-Based Intervention In A Classroom Setting, Daneel Dickson, Emily Resmer

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

Case

A 9 year old male student is having difficulty staying focused during class. He is easily distracted and interacts with his peers at inappropriate times, such as when a teacher is providing instruction to the class. The student's teacher voices her concerns about the student's attention during academic tasks to an OT where the use of sensory integration is then explained to help with classroom behaviors.

Lack Of Sleep And The Effects Of Performance During Therapy Sessions In Acute Care, Lena Siciliano, Erica Knight

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

Disrupted sleep in acute care setting is common, but it's relationship with functional performance is unknown.

Efficacy Of Early Mobilization In Acute Care, Brianna Byrd, Lauren Korte

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

Case:

A 53-year-old female was hospitalized after suffering a R CVA resulting in L hemiplegia and cognitive impairments. She has been stabilized and is in an acute care rehabilitation setting to regain strength and functioning. The rehabilitation team, including occupational therapists, are debating if implementing an early mobilization treatment plan, within 24 hours of onset, would be beneficial for improving function.

A Comparative Review Of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Assessments, Danielle Costantini, Kyle Ailes

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

No abstract provided.

Best Practice For Increasing Upper Extremity Sensory Function After A Cva, Holly Nagy, Christie Schmitt

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

Intermittent pneumatic compression is most effective for tactile sensation (touch and texture discrimination) recovery post stroke, while SENSe (neuro rehabilitation) is the most effective for other somatosensory function (vibration and pressure) post stroke.

Canine Dystocia In 50 Uk First-Opinion Emergency Care Veterinary Practices: Clinical Management And Outcomes, Dan G. O'Neill, Aoife M. O'Sullivan, Erin A. Manson, David B. Church, Paul Mcgreevy, Amanda K. Boag, Dave C. Brodbelt

Natology Collection

Canine dystocia is a relatively common veterinary presentation. First opinion emergency care clinical data from 50 Vets Now clinics across the UK were used to explore dystocia management and outcomes in bitches. Caesarean section (CS) was performed on 341/701 (48.6 per cent (95 per cent CI 44.9 to 52.4)) of dystocia cases. The bulldog (OR 7.60, 95 per cent CI 1.51 to 38.26, P=0.014), Border terrier (OR 4.89, 95 per cent CI 0.92 to 25.97, P=0.063) and golden retriever (OR 4.07, 95 per cent CI 0.97 to 17.07, P=0.055) had the highest odds of CS among dystocic bitches compared with …

Long-Term Beta-Blocker Therapy Safe And Effective In Reducing Cardiomyopathy In Patients Who Actively Abuse Stimulant Drugs, Jessica Bugbee

Physician Assistant Capstones

If anything was learned since Breaking Bad, it’s that the devastation due to the methamphetamine problem does not spare a single person. Similarly, cocaine abuse does not have benign effects on the heart. Methamphetamine and cocaine abuse are increasing worldwide including use among the younger population; making recognition of the cardiovascular risks more important than ever.

If long-term BBT can decrease the incidence of stimulant-related cardiovascular complications commonly experienced in methamphetamine and cocaine users, then it may be possible to decrease unnecessary admissions to the hospital and ICU. Therefore, in patients who actively engage in stimulant drug abuse, how does …

In Individuals That Are Genetically Predisposed To Colon Cancer, How Does High Intake Of Fish Oil Compared To Low Fish Oil Intake Affect The Risk Of Developing Colon Cancer, Tatiana Mudrenko

Physician Assistant Capstones

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer type in the United States and the third world wide.1-2 Mortality rates have decreased over the years due to early screening and improvements in treatment; however, the total cancer deaths worldwide are expected to rise. The predicted increase in global CRC deaths is explained not only by population growth and aging but also by risk factors such as lifestyle.3 Even though colorectal cancer can be genetically inherited, major evidence shows that dietary factors can modify the risk of developing it. Implementing appropriate diet and early screening in individuals who are genetically …

Letter From The Editor-In-Chief: Journal Of Refugee & Global Health Volume 2 Issue 1, Ruth Carrico

Journal of Refugee & Global Health

No abstract provided.

Personal Health Record Interoperability, Manal Alghamdi, Courtney Stanley, William K. Willis, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

Personal Health Records (PHRs) is a software application that allows patients to review their medical information remotely through a secure domain. There are four forms of PHRs which are; 1) self-contained Electronic Health Record (EHR), 2) self-contained EHR, 3) PHRs integrated care EHR controlled by health provider and partially by the patient/consumer, 4) PHRs integrated care EHR controlled by the patient/consumer. The methodology for this study was a literature review and semi-structure interview with a specialist in health information technology. Electronic databases used included PubMed, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, LexisNexis and Google Scholar. A total of 38 sources were referenced. …

Potential Savings From Consumer-Driven Health Plans, Jessica Mcnair, Brittany White, Christopher Miller, William Ferguson, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

Consumer Driven Health Plans (CDHPs) have been identified as a high-deductible insurance option that has increased consumer responsibility while health care expenditures have decreased. Anticipated savings through the use of CDHPs have drawn increased interest of employers and policymakers. The increased need to control healthcare costs as well as healthcare utilization have also fostered the development of increased use of CDHPs. As the use of CDHPs have expanded, educated consumers have become more engaged in their healthcare services and have increased demands for transparency of healthcare costs. Healthcare costs, utilization, and moral hazard of this study are further discussed.

Implications Of Upcoding On Medicare, Katrina Cremeans, Samantha Marcum, Carli Followay, Jessica Oldaker, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

The complexity of and amount of funds involved in Medicare has led to a significant increase in the incidence of Medicare fraud. A type of Medicare fraud, upcoding, has contributed to excessive and unnecessary health care spending. Upcoding has been an illegal strategy that some providers have used to increase their Medicare reimbursement for certain conditions. This is accomplished by coding a provided service as a more expensive service than what was actually performed. With the proliferation of upcoding, there has been an astonishing $12.5 billion in fraudulent Medicare charges since 2007. The fraudulent strategy of upcoding to increase Medicare …

What Constitutes A Successful Result From A Patient Perspective? A Qualitative Analysis, Kelsey Riley, Matthew Roth, Oscar Rave, Will Lawrence, Chris Koch, Jeff Houck

Student-Faculty Research - College of Physical Therapy

Hypothesis: A patient will deem a surgery successful if they are capable of more mobility after the procedure.

Changes In Achilles Tendon Thickness Following A 10 – Week Heavy Load Eccentric Exercise Program, M. Carlson, B. Criswell, D. Dean, M. Gabourel, N. Merchen, Tyler Cuddeford, Marcey Keefer Hutchison

Student-Faculty Research - College of Physical Therapy

Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a common overuse injury in running or jumping activities where the tendon is unable to properly respond to the load. AT increases tendon thickness while decreasing stiffness and function (1).

Studies have shown that tendon properties can be positively influenced by load (5,6). Therefore, AT has typically been treated conservatively through physical therapy, with eccentric calf strengthening exercises as the focus of the treatment (2).

New Dentist News (March 2019), Ada Committee On The New Dentist

New Dentist News

New Dentist News offers timely information on scientific, social, educational, political and economic developments affecting new dentists. This collection is historical and items may not reflect current standards. For up-to-date information contact the ADA. The New Dentist News was alternately titled ADA Lifeline, 1997-June 2001.

Combining Strategies For Improved Outcomes Of Social Interaction Skills In Children With Autism In Occupational Therapy, Kelly Allen, Kaitlyn Felt

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

Background:

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental condition that often presents with struggles in behavioral problems arising from sensory processing abnormalities, emotional dysregulation, self-stimulatory behavior, and anxiety, negatively impacting social interaction skills and limit the ability to engage with peers, productivity in school, and participating in daily routines (Wood, et al, 2009). Sensory integration therapy (SIT), often used in OT with clients with ASD, focuses on neurological processing of sensory information and helps clients modulate sensory responses (Khodabaskhshi, Abedi & Malekpour, 2014). This approach differs greatly from another commonly-used strategy focused on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Cognitive-based approaches …

Persons With Dementia And Their Capacity For Helping: An Exploratory Study, Maria Mcdaniel, Maureen Mickus

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

This observational study explored helping behaviors (HBs) among persons with dementia (PWD) in a communal dining space of a memory care facility. HBs were observed regularly and related to assistance with another resident, staff, and stuffed animal. PWD, even in the moderate stages of the disease, have the capacity to help others.

Effectiveness Of Art-Based Interventions For Reducing Stress Among Caregivers Of Cancer Patients, Emily Kocjan, Sarah Powell

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

Background

Occupational therapist (OT) frequently work with patients with a cancer diagnosis along with their caregivers. Approximately 50% of family caregivers report decreased time for social activities, decreased energy, emotional well-being, physical functioning, and ability to cope with stress (Lang & Lim, 2013). One approach reducing caregiver stress may be art-based therapy. Art-based therapy has been effective for promoting health in a variety of populations although the impact of on cancer caregivers is less understood.

Hyperthyroidism And Infertility, Katie M. Martin

Nursing Capstones

No abstract provided.

Mirror Therapy & Motor Function With Chronic Stroke, Elise Grubb, Sara Ponischil

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

Aim of this CAT

Existing literature provides evidence for mirror therapy interventions during the subacute stage of stroke; the purpose of this CAT is to discover evidence for mirror therapy during the chronic stage of stroke.

Case Scenario

Male, 63, right-sided chronic stroke with moderate left hemiparesis

Mirror Therapy Defined

Mirror therapy is a therapeutic intervention using the motions of the unaffected side of the body, reflected in a mirror, as visual feedback; this feedback enables bilateral motor training and stimulates functional improvement of the brain.¹

Methods Of Self-Regulation In Children With Anxiety, Jordyn Madden, Maya Lamer

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

Background

• Children with anxiety symptoms often present with self-regulation deficits affecting their coping and problem solving performance skills, in turn impacting school performance. Research identifies self-regulation as the ability to manage appropriate behaviors to fully engage in daily occupations.
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) was developed to regulate mental health needs and firmly planted in occupational therapy. OT's utilize CBT as a frame of reference to guide their treatment with clients who have difficulties in occupational performance.
• CBT is a "structured, short-term, present-oriented psychotherapy..., directed toward solving current problems and modifying dysfunctional (inaccurate and/or unhelpful) thinking and behavior" (Beck, 2011, p. …

Effectiveness Of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (Pnf) On Gait And Balance In Older Adults, Alyssa Bradenburg, Savannah Dugan

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) approach uses the anatomical structures of the agonist and antagonist muscles to sequence muscle movements thus improving body functions and engagement in occupations in those with functional limitations. Proprioception involved sensory receptors that provide information regarding body position and movement. The neuromuscular system involves the nerves, muscles, and facilitation to make tasks easier for the client to perform. PNF patterns are performed in a spiral diagonal direction with resistance provided by an occupational therapist, putting emphasis on functional training and motor learning.

Effectiveness Of Movement-Based Interventions To Improve Low Tone In School-Aged Children, Morgan Pugh, Katie Bell

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

Description of Movement-Based Intervention

Movement-based approached have been classified as task-oriented interventions and focus on children's 'occupations,' such as tying shoelaces, ball catching, and handwriting. Children with developmental co-ordination disorder (DCD) have difficulty performing coordinated motor skills required for self-care, social activities, and academic achievement (Miyahara, Hillier, Pridham, & Nakagawa, 2017). Low muscle tone is a core feature of DCD as most children have low tone in their trunk, making stable sitting difficult and creates movement challenges while in the classroom (About Causes, n.d.).

Effective Interventions For Sensory Modulation Disorder In Children That Experienced Complex Trauma, Mahalia Adams, Madison Herfert

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

Case

George is a six-year-old boy that has experienced post-utero trauma. His biological parents often neglected and abused him. At the age of two, George was adopted. He is now demonstrating difficulty processing and responding to sensory input approximately. Specifically, George is over-responsive to auditory input and under-responsive to tactile input. Due to these sensory modulation difficulties, George is struggling to succeed in class and behave at home.

Effectiveness Of Multifaceted Fall Prevention Programs In Community-Dwelling Older Adults, Marissa Friday, Cali Mohney

Occupational Therapy Graduate Student Evidenced-Based Research Reviews

Case Study:

Client is a 72 year old female who has suffered a fall from loss in balance, which has increased fear of falling and decreased activity. Occupational Therapy wants to implement a Multifaceted Fall Prevention Program to improve participation and quality of life.

Bilateral Striatal Necrosis Due To Homoplasmic Mitochondrial 3697g>A Mutation Presents With Incomplete Penetrance And Sex Bias, Shanshan Zhong, Shumeng Wen, Yusen Qiu, Yanyan Yu, Ling Xin, Yang He, Xuguang Gao, Hezhi Fang, Daojun Hong, Jun Zhang

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2019 The Authors. Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Background: Heteroplasmic mitochondrial 3697G>A mutation has been associated with leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), and LHON/MELAS overlap syndrome. However, homoplasmic m.3697G>A mutation was only found in a family with Leigh syndrome, and the phenotype and pathogenicity of this homoplasmic mutation still need to be investigated in new patients. Methods: The clinical interviews were conducted in 12 individuals from a multiple-generation inherited family. Mutations were screened through exome next-generation sequencing and subsequently confirmed by PCR-restriction fragment length …

Geographical Variation And Predictors Of Physical Activity Level In Adults With Congenital Heart Disease., Lena Larsson, Bengt Johansson, Camilla Sandberg, Silke Apers, Adrienne Kovacs, Koen Luyckx, Corina Thomet, Werner Budts, Junko Enomoto, Maayke Sluman, Jou-Kou Wang, Jamie Jackson, Paul Khairy, Stephen Cook, Luis Alday, Katrine Eriksen, Mikael Dellborg, Malin Berghammer, Gwen Rempel, Samuel Menahem, Maryanne Caruana, Martha Tomlin, Alexandra Soufi, Susan Fernandes, Kamila White, Edward Callus, Shelby Kutty, Philip Moons

Psychology Faculty Works

Background: Physical activity is important to maintain and promote health. This is of particular interest in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) where acquired heart disease should be prevented. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a minimum of 2.5 h/week of physical activity exceeding 3 metabolic equivalents (METS) to achieve positive health effects. It is unknown whether physical activity levels (PAL) in adult CHD patients differ by country of origin. Methods: 3896 adults with CHD recruited from 15 countries over 5 continents completed self-reported instruments, including the Health Behaviour Scale (HBS-CHD), within the APPROACH-IS project. For each patient, we calculated …

Association Of The Infant Gut Microbiome With Early Childhood Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: An Ancillary Study To The Vdaart Randomized Clinical Trial., Joanne E Sordillo, Susan Korrick, Nancy Laranjo, Vincent Carey, George M. Weinstock, Diane R Gold, George O'Connor, Megan Sandel, Leonard B Bacharier, Avraham Beigelman, Robert Zeiger, Augusto A Litonjua, Scott T Weiss

Faculty Research 2019

Importance: In animal models, the early life gut microbiome influences later neurodevelopment. Corresponding data in human populations are lacking.

Objective: To study associations between the gut microbiome in infants and development at preschool age measured by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, third edition (ASQ-3).

Design, Setting, and Participants: This ancillary cohort study of the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART) used data from 715 participants who had development assessed at 3 years of age by the ASQ-3, which included scores in 5 domains (gross motor skills, fine motor skills, problem solving, communication, and personal and social skills). A total …

Unique Regulation Of Enterocyte Brush Border Membrane Na-Glutamine And Na-Alanine Co-Transport By Peroxynitrite During Chronic Intestinal Inflammation, Subha Arthur, Palanikumar Manoharan, Shanmuga Sundaram, M. M. Rahman, Balasubramanian Palaniappan, Uma Sundaram

Clinical & Translational Sciences

Na-amino acid co-transporters (NaAAcT) are uniquely affected in rabbit intestinal villus cell brush border membrane (BBM) during chronic intestinal inflammation. Specifically, Na-alanine co-transport (ASCT1) is inhibited secondary to a reduction in the affinity of the co-transporter for alanine, whereas Na-glutamine co-transport (B0AT1) is inhibited secondary to a reduction in BBM co-transporter numbers. During chronic intestinal inflammation, there is abundant production of the potent oxidant peroxynitrite (OONO). However, whether OONO mediates the unique alteration in NaAAcT in intestinal epithelial cells during chronic intestinal inflammation is unknown. In this study, ASCT1 and B0AT1 were inhibited by OONO in vitro. The mechanism of …

Edwardsiella Tarda Infection Triggering Acute Relapse In Pediatric Crohn’S Disease, A K Li, M Barton, J A Delport, D Ashok

Paediatrics Publications

Crohn's disease exacerbations can often be associated with bacterial infections causing gastroenteritis. We report a child who experienced exacerbation of his Crohn's disease associated with a positive stool culture for