Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Interpreting Speech Perception In Children With Phonological Deficits: Evidence From Event Related Potentials (Erp), Camille Nuttall, Kathryn Cabbage

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Children with dyslexia and children with speech sound disorder exhibit differing issues in regard to their speech and language. Dyslexia is a difficulty decoding written language, such as with word recognition or spelling. Speech sound disorder is characterized by speech production errors. Although dyslexia and speech sound disorders are often co-morbid, each can occur singularly (Lewis et al, 2011). Although both disorders respond to expert intervention, the underlying deficits last a lifetime and may negatively affect quality of life. Early identification is paramount to preventing long-term negative outcomes. A better understanding of how these disorders are activating in the brain …

Transforming Health Through Precision Medicine: Content Analysis Of U.S. Guidelines Related To Genetic Counseling And Testing, Nicole Jackson, Deborah Himes

Journal of Undergraduate Research

My mentor and I conducted a descriptive, mixed-methods study involved content analysis of U.S. Guidelines as they relate to Precision Medicine. We were able to identify the prevalence of Precision Medicine healthcare guidelines through the completion of this project. In working with my mentor, I was able to learn about the research process, gain experience in the field of research and develop research skills. I was also able to develop my presentation skills and attend a national conference to learn how scholarly works are shared in the nursing profession.

Structural Basis For The Homotypic Fusion Of Chlamydial Inclusions By The Snare-Like Protein Inca., Gino Cingolani, Michael Mccauley, Anna Lobley, Alexander J Bryer, Jordan Wesolowski, Deanna L Greco, Ravi K Lokareddy, Erik Ronzone, Juan R Perilla, Fabienne Paumet

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Many intracellular bacteria, including Chlamydia, establish a parasitic membrane-bound organelle inside the host cell that is essential for the bacteria's survival. Chlamydia trachomatis forms inclusions that are decorated with poorly characterized membrane proteins known as Incs. The prototypical Inc, called IncA, enhances Chlamydia pathogenicity by promoting the homotypic fusion of inclusions and shares structural and functional similarity to eukaryotic SNAREs. Here, we present the atomic structure of the cytoplasmic domain of IncA, which reveals a non-canonical four-helix bundle. Structure-based mutagenesis, molecular dynamics simulation, and functional cellular assays identify an intramolecular clamp that is essential for IncA-mediated homotypic membrane fusion during …

Exploring Young Women’S Choice To Initiate Use Of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception: A Mixed Methods Approach, Helen Mahony

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Background: The United States has the highest rate of unintended pregnancy compared to any other developed country. Unintended pregnancy is associated with negative health outcomes for both parents and children. It is estimated that government expenditures for unintended pregnancy total $21 billion each year. Women ages 18-25 years old have the highest rate of unintended pregnancy. This age group is categorized as emerging adulthood, and this is a unique developmental period in a person’s life. Given the high rate of unintended pregnancies and the associated negative outcomes, increasing the use of more reliable methods of birth control is a public …

Teens Using Screens For Help: Impact Of Suicidal Ideation, Anxiety, And Depression Levels On Youth Preferences For Telemental Health Resources., Tammy Toscos Phd, Amanda Coupe, Mindy Flanagan, Michelle Drouin, Maria D. Carpenter, Lauren Reining, Amelia Roebuck, Michael Mirro Md, Facc, Fhrs, Faha

Health Services and Informatics Research

BACKGROUND: High rates of mental illness, stress, and suicidality among teens constitute a major public health concern in the United States. However, treatment rates remain low, partially because of barriers that could be mitigated with tech-based telemental health (TMH) resources, separate from or in addition to traditional care.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze TMH resource usage by high school students to establish current user characteristics and provide a framework for future development.

METHODS: A total of 2789 students were surveyed regarding demographics, recent anxiety and depression symptoms, suicidality, and stress; people with whom they could openly and honestly discuss …

Defining Young Adulthood, Elena Higley

DNP Qualifying Manuscripts

Young adulthood is a unique developmental period that occurs between the ages of 18 and 25 years, during which there are key developmental tasks that allow the young adult to participate in self-exploration and identity formation. Currently, among various organizations there are differing definitions and age range inclusions for young adulthood, which cause confusion during program development, healthcare service delivery, and research. Young adulthood should be categorized separately from adolescence and adulthood, because young adults have lower rates of healthcare utilization and worse health outcomes related to preventable causes of morbidity and mortality than the surrounding age groups. Young adults …

Risk Factors For The Elevation Of Psychosocial Barriers In The Recovery Of Lumbar Pathology, Christopher Keating, Cameron Hui, Gerard Smith, Tingting Zhan

Department of Physical Therapy Faculty Papers

Background/Purpose: The prevalence of low back pain (LBP) continues to rise and an appreciation for a biopsychosocial approach, which takes in multiple facets of a patient presentation, may significantly impact this increase. To the best our knowledge, there are no studies evaluating the relationship between the STarTBack Screening Tool (SBT) and the access point the patient enters the health system. Our hypothesis is that patients that access care through the medical model will exhibit greater psychosocial risk.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1404 cases of LBP utilizing past medical history, demographic information, and SBT data. A linear regression model to …

Literature Survey To Understand Why Parents Don’T Receive Tdap Vaccine, Analisa Dawson, Janelle Macintosh

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this project was to understand the reasons expectant and new parents don’t receive the pertussis vaccine and then to provide educational materials for parents on the importance of receiving vaccinations, specifically to protect infants from contracting pertussis.

Studies conducted over the past several years have shown a decline in vaccination rates. In fact, one study was done just a few years ago, with the purpose of educating parents and grandparents of newborns about the importance of receiving a vaccination against pertussis. During the follow up a month later, only 8% had been vaccinated (Tam, 2009). Because information …

Religiosity And Psychological Well-Being: A Correlational Meta-Analysis In North America, Niyeli Herrera, Yerenia Flores, Timothy Smith

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In recent years, the demographics of the United States has evolved at exponential rates and now includes an increasingly diverse population of people who are in need of a variety of services, including mental health interventions. Mental health interventions strive to promote well-being, but have historically focused on serving white populations, thus neglecting minority groups who are at an elevated risk of mental illness. Their unique cultural experiences and ethnic-specific needs are also often incompatible with theoretical frameworks, experiences and needs that must be addressed in order to provide effective mental health services (Remy, 1995).

Can Stress Management And Personal Wellness Courses Improve Student Resiliency? A Pilot Study, Aimee Schouten, Michael Thomas

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The nursing profession is emotionally and physically demanding. Long shifts, complex and often difficult patients, as well as working in an emotionally challenging environment all contribute major stress for nurses.[1,2] Over time this stress often turns into compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue and burnout become overwhelming to nurses, leading to physical, mental, and emotional health problems. Compassion fatigue not only negatively affects the nurse but patients as well. Many nurses experience burnout and leave the profession. Resiliency has been shown to be an important factor in retention of nurses as well as positively associated with empowerment among nursing students.[3,4,5] The purpose …

A Transfer Learning Approach For Malignant Prostate Lesion Detection On Multiparametric Mri, Quan Chen, Shiliang Hu, Peiran Long, Fang Lu, Yujie Shi, Yunpeng Li

Radiation Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: In prostate focal therapy, it is important to accurately localize malignant lesions in order to increase biological effect of the tumor region while achieving a reduction in dose to noncancerous tissue. In this work, we proposed a transfer learning–based deep learning approach, for classification of prostate lesions in multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging images. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging images were preprocessed to remove bias artifact and normalize the data. Two state-of-the-art deep convolutional neural network models, InceptionV3 and VGG-16, were pretrained on ImageNet data set and retuned on the multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging data set. As lesion appearances differ by …

Quantifying The Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale And The Functional Performance Measures, Chelsea Rene Davis

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Friedreich Ataxia (FA) is a debilitating autosomal-recessive neurodegenerative disorder which is characterized by ataxia of all four limbs, difficulty walking, areflexia, and dysarthria. Further complications of FA include diabetes, scoliosis, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Approximately three-quarters of people with FA have onset before the age of 25 and in most instances, affected individuals will require the use of a wheelchair within ten years after symptoms emerge.

The current advancements in clinical trials have escalated the developmental demand for a scale which validates adjustments in FA. The Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale (FARS) is a disease-specific semi-qualitative assessment which includes three subscales (functional …

Gpvi Inhibitor As Antitumor Gateway Drug., Lawrence E. Goldfinger

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

In this issue ofBlood, Volz et al establish a potential antitumor strategy byexploiting the selective requirement for platelets to maintain vascular in-tegrity within the tumor microenvironment.1Their work demonstrates, forthefirst time, that functional inhibition of platelet-specific surface receptorglycoprotein (GP) VI, using F(ab9)2fragments to avoid platelet clearance,increases intratumoral hemorrhage and concomitant tumor cell apoptosis, aswell as enhanced accumulation of chemotherapeutic drugs. These effectswork additively to inhibit tumor growth, achieving results similar to thoseachieved by platelet depletion.

Neighborhood-Level Predictors Of Obesity Among African American Children In California, Uche Onyeka

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

The increased prevalence of childhood obesity is a major public health concern nationally and globally. Childhood obesity is primarily caused by the imbalance between caloric intake and caloric expenditure; however, its increase over the past decades may be due to environmental and behavioral factors. The purpose of the current study was to examine if any relationships existed between childhood obesity, level of physical activity, and neighborhood-level risk factors. This study used the California Health Interview Survey 2009–2014 data sets for African American children aged 5–11 years (n = 1,049). The dependent variable was body mass index (BMI) while the …

Genetic Susceptibility To Co-Infections Involving Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Rsv): Impact On Immunocompromised Adults, Taylor Brown, Dr. Chantel Sloan

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infects almost all infants before their second birthday and can progress to lower respiratory infections such as bronchiolitis or pneumonia. However, few are aware of the effect this has on adults, particularly those who are immunocompromised through organ or bone marrow transplants, treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS), etc. Infection is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the immunocompromised. This is of note because RSV is one of the few diseases for which humans are the reservoir species, meaning that this virus only infects and lives in humans. The study investigated genetic susceptibility for a …

Whole-Genome Sequencing In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (Nicu): Nurses’ Roles In Communicating Test Results To Families, Laura Grenfell, Deborah Himes

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The grant I received through the Office of Research and Creative Activities was helpful in supporting this research project. My mentor and I started work on the project early in the year by analyzing the data we had gathered. In 2017, I attended a nursing conference hosted by the National Association of Neonatal Nurses, which is where we surveyed nearly 200 NICU nurses about their understanding of whole-genome sequencing. This survey included both qualitative and quantitative questions. My mentor guided me through the process of interpreting and organizing the qualitative data, which we divided into several subsets within each question.

A Comparative Study On The Developing Impact Of Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners In Utah, Lauren Bretzing, Julie Valentine

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In 2016, a case report was published revealing that the prosecution rate of adult sex crimes in Salt Lake County from 2003-2011 was a shockingly low 6% (Valentine, Shaw, Lark & Campbell, 2016). This research quickly became a front news story, with one local news station launching their own investigation and arriving at the same disturbing statistic (Headrick & Mashburn, 2014). The research findings and subsequent news coverage sparked a state-wide conversation concerning the far-reaching implications of sexual assault and the responsibility of each branch of government in stopping sex-crimes. In the years that followed, multiple new trainings and procedures …

Identifying Maternal Healthcare Needs Of Pregnant Refugee Women In Utah, Amanda Brower, Dr. Sheri Palmer, Rn, Dnp, Cne, Ctn-A,

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The refugee crisis has impacted nations and global health worldwide. The UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) estimates there are currently 22.5 million refugees throughout the world (UN Refugee Agency, 2018). Since Fiscal Year 2016, over 300 refugees have resettled in the state of Utah (Refugee Processing Center, 2018); these individuals represent various cultures and health needs. Data from other regions of the world indicates there are great discrepancies and complications in maternal healthcare of refugees, including increasing risks of C-section births, preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW) infants, perinatal mortality, postpartum depression, and stillbirth (Lancaster 2017). Aim: The purpose of this …

Social And Economic Factors Leading To Health Disparities In The Latino Population Living In The United States, Omar Espinoza

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: Several studies suggest that the Latino population in the United States receive poorer access to health care compared to other ethnics group.

Objective: The purpose of this integrative literature review was to identify social and economic factors that lead to health disparities among Latinos in the United States and to provide research-based recommendations on addressing the factors that lead to health inequalities.

Methods: This integrative literature review utilized the Self-Care Theory by Orem (2016) as framework to organize and conceptualize the research information. The keywords “Latinos AND healthcare AND disparities” were used to search the literature between …

Vitamin Deficiencies Among Resettled Refugees In Buffalo, Ny, Tyler B. Evans, Myron Glick Md

Journal of Refugee & Global Health

Background

Vitamin deficiency in the developing world is a considerable public health issue that is often overlooked. Refugees are some of the most vulnerable populations, since they rely almost exclusively on the nutrition provided by refugee camps. Buffalo, NY resettles the fourth largest number of refugees per capita among cities in the United States (US).

Objective

We examined the prevalence of vitamin A, B2, B12, and D deficiencies among refugees who had been recently resettled to Buffalo, NY and referred to our practice for assessment. Our exploratory objective was to examine potential differences in the prevalence of vitamin deficiencies among …

"We Didn't Know": An Examination Of Health And Nutrition Knowledge, Behaviors And Clinical Risk Factors To Guide A Pilot Health Education Intervention For Refugees From Burma, Elizabeth B. Smith, Lauren R. Sastre

Journal of Refugee & Global Health

No abstract provided.

Hsp90 Inhibitor, Nvp-Auy922, Improves Myelination In Vitro And Supports The Maintenance Of Myelinated Axons In Neuropathic Mice., Vinita G Chittoor-Vinod, Hannah Bazick, Adrian G Todd, Darin Falk, Kathryn H Morelli, Robert W. Burgess, Thomas C Foster, Lucia Notterpek

Faculty Research 2019

Hereditary demyelinating neuropathies linked to peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) involve the disruption of normal protein trafficking and are therefore relevant targets for chaperone therapy. Using a small molecule HSP90 inhibitor, EC137, in cell culture models, we previously validated the chaperone pathway as a viable target for therapy development. Here, we tested five commercially available inhibitors of HSP90 and identified BIIB021 and AUY922 to support Schwann cell viability and enhance chaperone expression. AUY922 showed higher efficacy, compared to BIIB021, in enhancing myelin synthesis in dorsal root ganglion explant cultures from neuropathic mice. For in vivo testing, we randomly assigned 2-3 …

Validity Of A Functional Assessment For Smoking Treatment Recommendations Questionnaire, Connor Andrew Burrows

Theses and Dissertations

Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and imposes a substantial economic cost. Despite the well-established potential harm, relapse rates remain high during quit attempts. In the realm of applied behavior analysis, functional assessment has long been recognized as a reliable method to increase effectiveness of treatments for a variety of problem behaviors. Functional assessment may aid in designating targeted treatment for smokers based on the maintaining function(s) of the behavior. The current study (N = 414) sought to assess the reliability and validity of the Functional Assessment of Smoking for Treatment Recommendations (FASTR) and …

Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 1: A Case Report And Brief Review., Ifeanyi Nwosu, Oreoluwa Oladiran, Chinyere Ogbonna-Nwosu, Anulika Anyata

Reading Hospital Internal Medicine Residency

Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) type 1 is a rare autoimmune disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern due to loss of function of the AIRE gene and defective removal of self-reactive T-lymphocytes during the process of thymic T cell maturation. Its manifestation starts early in life with the cardinal clinical disorders being one of muco-cutaneous candidiasis, Addison's disease, and hypoparathyroidism. Recognizing the syndromic nature of one autoimmune disease will facilitate an active search for other conditions which would allow early detection, management, follow-up, and most importantly patient education and counselling to avoid potential complications. We present the case of a …

The Trend Of Osteoporosis And Osteoporotic Fragility Fractures In Inpatients: Results From A National Database., Rashmi Dhital, Theresa Lynn, Niranjan Tachamo, Dilli Ram Poudel

Reading Hospital Internal Medicine Residency

Osteoporosis is associated with an increased risk of pathologic fractures; however, most patients do not receive diagnosis and adequate treatment. The aim of our study was to compare the yearly trends of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fragility fractures in the USA (US) inpatients. We used National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample database to identify adults ≥18 years with diagnoses of osteoporosis and pathologic fractures and excluded pathologic fractures due to other etiologies. We then studied the annual trends, in terms of annual percentage change (APC), of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. Among overall hospitalizations, osteoporosis was noted to have an increasing trend from 2000 …

Low Voltage Criteria Ekg As A Harbinger Of Systemic Disease., Ian Garrahy, Daniel Forman, Sharon Swierczynski

Reading Hospital Internal Medicine Residency

AL amyloidosis is due to deposition of protein derived from immunoglobulin light chain fragments. It is a systemic disorder in which deposition of plasma proteins can adversely affect function of the heart, liver, kidneys, and peripheral nerves. Deposition in the heart results in a decrease in the amplitude of the electrical activity of the heart and can be an early clue to the diagnosis. A 63-year-old male admitted for volume overload was found to have nephrotic range proteinuria, progressive renal insufficiency (Creatinine 4.0 increased from his baseline 0.9), and hypoalbuminemia. On exam, he had diffuse anasarca and peripheral neuropathy. A …

Partnering With A Different Faith: Muslim American Women’S Experiences, Beyza Sinan

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

The events of September 11, 2001 critically impacted the identity of Muslim Americans in the United States and spurred attention to their experiences within the psychological literature. Prior literature has rarely explored these individuals’ within-group differences, defined Muslim American identity as bicultural, or explored experiences of being in a romantic relationship. This study was intended to address the gaps in the literature by focusing on the bicultural identity and the experience of interfaith relationships among Muslim American women. The following research questions guided this study: 1) How do Muslim American women experience their romantic relationship with a non-Muslim partner? 2) …

The Use Of High-Dose Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulation In The Treatment Of Chronic Upper Extremity And Neck Pain., Trey A Baird, Chris S Karas

Neuroscience Articles

BACKGROUND: Dorsal column spinal cord stimulation is used for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain of the axial spine and extremities. Recently, high-dose (HD) thoracic dorsal column stimulation for paresthesias has been successful. This study evaluates the utility of HD stimulation in the cervical spine for managing upper neck and upper extremity pain and paresthesias.

METHODS: Three patients suffering from cervical and upper extremity chronic pain were assessed. Each underwent a two-stage process that included a trial period, followed by permanent stimulator implantation. Therapy included the latest HD stimulation settings including a pulse width of 90 μs, a frequency setting …

Modification And Characterization Of Chloro-Sugar Derivatives As Anti-Bacterial Agents, Mansi Jani

Theses and Dissertations

Sucralose is an artificial sugar substitute which is most commonly used sweetener among other artificial sweeteners. It is derived from sucrose through a complex chemical process that selectively substitutes three atoms of chlorine for three hydroxyl groups on sucrose molecule, which have shown some inhibition of bacterial growth in gut. The goal of the project was to substitute halide in sucralose in a way that it sustains potential anti-bacterial activity along with sweetening effect, which can be then incorporated into mouthwash formulation. Sucralose is very stable molecule and it also has other physico-chemical advantages which are suitable for our anticipated …

Psychometric Evaluation Of The Bilingual English-Spanish Assessment Sentence Repetition Task For Clinical Decision-Making, Lisa A. Fitton Ph.D., Rachel Hoge, Yaacov Petscher, Carla Wood

Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was a) to examine the underlying components or factor structure of the Bilingual English-Spanish Assessment (Peña et al., 2014) sentence repetition task and b) to examine the relationship between Spanish-English speaking children's sentence repetition and vocabulary performance. Method: Participants were 291 Spanish-English speaking children in kindergarten and first grade. Item analyses were used to evaluate the underlying factor structure for each language version of the sentence repetition tasks of the BESA. The tasks were then examined in relation to a measure of English receptive vocabulary. Results: Bifactor models, which include a single underlying …