Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

In Vitro Hepatic Metabolism Of Curcumin Diethyl Disuccinate In Different Animal Species, Ponsiree Jithavech

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Curcumin diethyl disuccinate (CDD) is an ester prodrug of the active compound, curcumin. CDD has been improved chemical stability and intestinal permeability more than curcumin. CDD demonstrated biological activity higher than curcumin. The aim of this study is to investigate a suitability of using liver S9 fraction (LS9) in drug metabolism profiling as function of animal sources of enzyme regarding possible translation of in vitro outcome to clinical study. The metabolites, in vitro kinetics and esterase enzyme involved in CDD hydrolysis by LS9 of human, monkey, dog and rat ware determined. The high-performance liquid chromatography conjugated with high-resolution mass spectrometry-based …

Production Optimization Of Recombinant Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor In Tobacco (Nicotiana Benthamiana), Christine Joy I. Bulaon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Molecular pharming represents the innovative development of plants as alternative production platforms for recombinant proteins. Human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the growth factors that has displayed eminent roles in wound healing. This study aimed to develop optimized expression conditions and rapid production of recombinant VEGF in Nicotiana benthamiana. Herein, four plant expression constructs, particularly pBYR2e-SP-VEGF-His-SEKDEL (S-V-H-K), pBYR2e-SP-VEGF-His (S-V-H), pBYR2e-SP-His-VEGF-SEKDEL (S-H-V-K) and pBYR2e-SP-His-VEGF (S-H-V), were utilized and inserted into geminiviral vector pBYR2e-K2Md for transient expression in N. benthamiana. The expression level of all the four constructs was examined and the optimal harvest time for high protein expression …

Development Of Mucoadhesive Biloniosome Nanoparticles For Enhanced Gastrointestinal Absorption Of Cordycepin, Warut Kengkittipat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Cordycepin, an adenosine analogue, has displayed numerous pharmacological and therapeutic implications including enhanced apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation of cancer cells, antioxidant property and improving sexual activity. However, oral administration of cordycepin has limited practical use due to its poor bioavailability in the intestine. Here, we developed a novel hybrid nanoparticle system for effective delivery of cordycepin in the gastrointestinal tract by using the bile salt-based liposome/niosome hybrid system (designated as biloniosome). In addition, mucoadhesive chitosan biopolymer was coated on the biloniosome nanoparticles to improve the mucoadhesive properties thereby enhancing the drug efficiency. Cordycepin-encapsulated biloniosome nanoparticles were synthesized by solvent …

Dna Barcoding Coupled With High Resolution Melting (Bar-Hrm) Analysis For Differentiation White Kwao Khruea (Pueraria Candollei), Black Kwao Khruea (Mucuna Macrocarpa), And Red Kwao Khruea (Butea Superba), Nonthapon Vejpanich

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Kwao Khruea is the herbal product that known as a rejuvenation herb. In Thai traditional medicine, three species of Kwao Khruea including white Kwao Khruea (Pueraria candollei Wall. ex Benth.), black Kwao Khruea (Mucuna macrocarpa Wall.) and red Kwao Khruea (Butea superba Roxb. ex Willd.) have been used. Each Kwao Khruea accumulates different chemical constituents. White Kwao Khruea contains estrogenic biological activities while black and red Kwao Khruea accumulate testosterone-like activities. Black Kwao Khruea was reported to be potent than red Kwao Khruea. Because of similar common names with the difference in chemical compositions of Kwao Khruea herbs, it is …

Free Radical Scavenging Compounds From Dendrobium Lindleyi, Pichayatri Khoonrit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Free radicals lead to oxidative stress which plays an important role in the development of many diseases. Dendrobium lindleyi belongs to Dendrobium, a genus the secondary metabolites of which were reported as free radical scavenging compounds. However, the bioactivity of D. lindleyi has never been revealed. In this study, the EtOAc extract of D. lindleyi was fractionated to give five pure compounds identified by spectroscopic techniques as a new constituent named 4,5-dihydroxy-3,3′,4′-trimethoxybibenzyl along with four known compounds including chrysotoxine, gigantol, cypripedin, and moscatilin. DPPH radical, superoxide radical, and ORAC assay were performed to evaluate their radical scavenging activities. Chrysotoxine, gigantol, …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Polyethylene Glycol-Doxorubicin Conjugates Containing Β-Thiopropanamide Linkers For Enhanced Selective Cytotoxicity Against Breast Cancer Cells, Wiwat Supasena

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent that suffers from its severe adverse effects due to non-selective cytotoxicity. This study aims to design novel beta-thiopropanamide linkers (-S-CH2-C(R)H-CONH-) for DOX conjugation to promote cancer cell selectivity and cytotoxicity. Two series of DOX conjugates with various beta-thiopropanamide linkers were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic selectivity. The first series contains 7 DOX analogues with different beta-thiopropanamide linkers. The DOX analogues were synthesized using ethyl thioglycolate and acrylic acid analogues to establish a series of beta-thiopropanamide linkages with DOX, and the potential linkers were intended to be incorporated in polymer-DOX conjugates. The other series …

Development Of Cyclodextrin-Based Pickering Nanoemulsion Containing Amphotericin B For Treatment Of Fungal Keratitis, Phyo Darli Maw

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The purpose of this study was to develop pickering nanoemulsions (NEs) containing amphotericin B (AmB) for fungal keratitis therapy. The phase-solubility profiles of AmB in various aqueous cyclodextrin (CD) solutions were determined. The AmB solubilization in oils and surfactants was also examined. Two CDs i.e., gCD and 2-hydroxypropyl-g-CD (HPgCD), medium-chain triglycerides (MCT oil) and phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) were chosen because of their high solubility increment of AmB. Solution-state by 1H-NMR studies demonstrated the formation of MCT oil/αCD, AmB/gCD and AmB/HPgCD complexes. Some interactions between AmB and CD have been observed by solid-state characterizations (FT-IR, PXRD and DSC). The interfacial tension at …

Expression Of Human Dentin Matrix Protein 1 In Escherichia Coli And Nicotiana Benthamiana And Their Effect On Proliferation And Osteogenic Differentiation Of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells, Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study aimed to express recombinant protein human Dentin Matrix Protein 1 (hDMP1) in Escherichia coli and Nicotiana benthamiana and investigated the osteogenic differentiation effects in human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (hPDLSCs). The gene encoding hDMP1 was ligated into the pET22b and pBY2R2e expression vectors. Recombinant hDMP1 protein has been productively expressed in E. coli and N. benthamiana. E. coli-produced hDMP1 resulted in 60 kDa and 100, and the optimal condition to produce highly expression was demonstrated at 0.5 mM IPTG and incubation at 37oC for 6 hr. N. benthamiana-produced hDMP1 protein showed in a 100 kDa that indicated the …

Cytotoxic Effects Of Mansonone G And Ethoxy Mansonone G From Mansonia Gagei Drumm In Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Arachawipa Wannachote

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Mansonones are naphthoquinone-containing compounds extracted from the heartwood of Mansonia gagei. Several studies have reported that mansonones have various pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antiestrogenic, antiadipogenic and anticancer effects. A previous study reported that ether analogues of mansonone G (MG), a major compound isolated from Mansonia gagei Drumm, displayed higher antibacterial and antiadipogenic activities than parent MG. However, the anticancer activities of MG and ethoxy MG (EMG) on lung cancer cells have never been investigated. This study aimed to determine cytotoxic activities of MG and EMG and the underlying mechanism(s) in two non-small cell lung cancer cell lines, …

Inhibitory Effects Of Compounds Isolated From Ethyl Acetate Extracts Of Glycosmis Parva Branches And Leaves On Lps-Induced Raw 264.7 Macrophage Activation, Chanyanuch Laprasert

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Macrophages play major roles to produce several inflammatory mediators in many chronic inflammatory diseases. Current anti-inflammatory drugs target these mediators to alleviate inflammation symptoms. Searching for new anti-inflammatory agents is always needed due to problems from currently used anti-inflammatory drugs. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of three main compounds, arborinine, N-methylatalaphylline and S-deoxydihydroglyparvin (DDGP), isolated from Glycosmis parva leaves and branches on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Only DDGP demonstrated a potent inhibitor of LPS-activated macrophages. It inhibited expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and decreased nitric oxide production with IC50 3.47 ± 0.1 µM. It …

Phytochemicals With Α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity From Cissus Javana, Dendrobium Christyanum, Gastrochilus Bellinus And Huberantha Jenkinsii, Htoo Tint San

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Phytochemical investigations of Cissus javana DC., Dendrobium christyanum Rchb. f., Gastrochilus bellinus Rchb. f. Kuntze and Huberantha jenkinsii (Hook. f. & Thomson) Chaowasku led to the isolation of twenty-seven compounds, six of which were new naturally occurring compounds. From Cissus javana, three known compounds were isolated, including bergenin, stigmast-4-en-3-one, and β-sitosterol. From Dendrobium christyanum, thirteen known compounds were identified, namely, n-eicosyl trans-ferulate, n-docosyl 4-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate, 4,5-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, moscatilin, aloifol I, gigantol, batatasin III, dendrosinen B, coniferyl aldehyde, methyl haematommate, atraric acid, vanillin and diorcinolic acid. From Gastrochilus bellinus, four new compounds, comprising three phenanthropyrans and a phenanthrene derivative, were isolated and structurally …

Effects Of Rhinacanthin-C In Multidrug-Resistance Breast Cancer Cells, Suwichak Chaisit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Rhinacanthin-C (RN-C) is a major bioactive naphthoquinone ester found in Rhinacanthus nasutus Kurz (Acanthaceae). This compound has potential therapeutic value as an anticancer agent. Rhinacanthin-C was reported to enhance doxorubicin cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells through direct inhibition of P-gp activity. However, its ability in reversing multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells through the down-regulation of P-gp expression, alteration of detoxification system, and increase in apoptosis proteins remains unreported. Thus, this study was to investigate the potential MDR reversal effect of rhinacanthin-C and its underlying mechanisms in MCF-7/DOX. In this study, rhinacanthin-C (1 µM, 48 h) significantly enhanced cytotoxicity of …

Bioengineered Regenerative Therapy For Diabetes Mellitus: Establishment Of Canine Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Insulin Producing Cells, Watchareewan Rodprasert

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Trend of regenerative therapy for diabetes in human and veterinary practice has conceptually been proven according to Edmonton protocol and animal models. Establishing an alternative insulin-producing cell (IPC) resource is a challenge task for further clinical application. In this study, IPC generation from two practical canine mesenchymal stem cells (cMSCs), canine bone marrow-derived MSCs (cBM-MSCs) and canine adipose-derived MSCs (cAD-MSCs), was of interest. The results illustrated that cBM-MSCs and cAD-MSCs contained distinct pancreatic differentiation potential and required the tailor-made induction protocols. Generation of functional cBM-MSC-derived IPCs needed an integration of genetic and microenvironment manipulation using hanging-drop culture of PDX-1-transfected cBM-MSCs …

Association Between Nat2 Polymorphisms And Anti-Tuberculosis Drug-Induced Liver Injury In Myanmar Patients In Thailand, Khin Sandi Thaw

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The aims of this study were to determine the N-acetyl transferase 2 (NAT2) genetic distribution of Myanmar tuberculosis (TB) patients and evaluate the association of NAT2 polymorphisms and antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury (AT-DILI) in Myanmar patients. A case-control study was conducted in adult Myanmar TB patients at Samut Sakorn Hospital. Fifty-four patients who completed anti-TB treatment without liver injury (controls) and five patients with AT-DILI during their anti-TB treatment (cases) were enrolled. Patients’ baseline characteristics, anti-TB doses, and liver enzyme levels were collected from the hospital’s record. Blood samples were collected and four NAT2 SNPs, rs1041983, rs1799929, rs1799930, and rs1799931, …

Effect Of Gigantol On Tumorigenicity Of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Via Cancer Stem Cell Signal Suppression, Nattanan Losuwannarak

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer-related death. Tumor growth is a fundamental process of cancer progression. Vital characteristics that potentiate tumor growth are cancer stem cell (CSC) and enhance cell proliferation. Previous studies reported that targeting on CSC-promoting pathways or proliferative signals was a promising strategy in cancer treatment. Gigantol, a bibenzyl compound from Dendrobium draconis, was reported to have a suppressive activity on CSC phenotypes, in vitro. However, the effects of gigantol on tumorigenicity in vivo, cancer cell proliferation and related CSC-promoting and proliferation regulatory mechanisms have not been explored. In this study, ectopic tumor xenograft in …

N, N-Bis (5-Ethyl-2-Hydroxybenzyl) Methylamine Induces Apoptosis Of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Via C-Myc Protein Degradation, Nicharat Sriratanasak

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Lung cancer is a common cancer disease that contributes as a major cause of cancer related death. The oncoprotein, c-Myc plays a major role in oncogenic malignancies. It has been shown that the up—regulated c-Myc relates with aggressiveness of cancers and treatment failure. In this study, we purposed N, N-bis (5-ethyl-2-hydroxybenzyl) methylamine (EMD), a benzoxazine dimer to be a novel c-Myc targeting compound and displayed evidence presenting the potential effect of EMD on c-Myc degradation in human lung cancer cells. EMD exhibited cytotoxicity to lung cancer cells through apoptosis induction. EMD dramatically eliminated c-Myc in the cells and initiated caspase-dependent …

Cross-Cultural Adaptation And Psychometric Properties Of The Thai Version Of The University Of Washington - Pain Related Self-Efficacy Scale 6 (Uw-Prse6), Angkana Khampanthip

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objective: To cross-culturally adapt the University of Washington Pain related Self-Efficacy Scale (UW-PRSE6) into Thai and evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: The original UW- PRSE6 was cross-culturally adapted using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy translation methodology. 241 individuals with chronic low back pain completed the Thai version of UW-PRSE6 (T-UW-PRSE6), Thai Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (T-FABQ), and Thai Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36 (T-SF-36). 241 participants completed the T-UW-PRSE6 and again after 7-days interval. 152 participants rated their overall condition as having little to no change at the second assessment. Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated …

Factors Of Age, Anthropometric Characteristics And Lower Extremity Strength On Multi-Directional Reach Test In Typical Children Aged 7 - 12 Years, Benjaporn Hirunyaphinun

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of age, anthropometric characteristics and lower extremity strength with the Multi-Directional React Test (MDRT). Sixty children with typical development, aged 7 to 12 years old, were categorized into each age group. Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman rank correlation coefficient were conducted to examine the relationship between interesting variables (age, anthropometric characteristics and lower extremity strength) and the reach distances in forward, backward, leftward and rightward directions. The results of this study showed that multi-directional reach distances increased with age for all directions. Fair to moderate relationship (r = 0.28 – …

Responsiveness Of The Thai Version Of The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-29 (Promis-29) In Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain, Kornkanok Khutok

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-29 (PROMIS-29) questionnaire assesses 7 health related quality of life domains. However, research to evaluate the responsiveness and minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) of the PROMIS-29 scores in patients with chronic low back pain (cLBP) is limited. Purpose: To evaluate responsiveness and estimate the MCIDs for PROMIS-29 scales in patients with cLBP. Method: One hundred and eighty-three participants with cLBP took part in the study. They completed the PROMIS-29 scales at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks of the study. Responsiveness of the PROMIS-29 scale scores was evaluated by examining the mean change scores, …

Effects Of Achilles Tendon Stretching In Individuals With Plantar Fasciitis, Phoomchai Engkananuwat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background and rationale: Since the plantar fascia and the Achilles tendon are anatomically connected, it is therefore plausible that stretching of both structures simultaneously will result in a better outcome. Methods: Fifty participants aged 40-60 years with a history of plantar heel pain greater than one month were recruited. They were randomly assigned into two groups. Group 1 was instructed to stretch the Achilles tendon while Group 2 simultaneous stretched the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia. The stretching interventions were performed for four weeks and the outcome measures were recorded at baseline, at the end of the 4th week, and …

Cross-Cultural Adaptation And Psychometric Properties Of The Thai Version Of The University Of Washington - Concerns About Pain Scale 6 (Uw-Cap6), Sukhonwaroch Youprasart

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: Pain catastrophizing has been shown to be an important psychosocial factor that predicts disability and other important pain-related outcomes in individuals with chronic pain. The University of Washington - Concerns about Pain scale (UW-CAP6) is the brief version of a new item bank that assesses pain-related catastrophizing. Objective: To cross-culturally adapt the UW-CAP6 items into Thai and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: The original UW-CAP6 instructions and items were cross-culturally adapted into Thai using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy translation methodology. Chronic low back pain individuals completed the Thai version of UW-CAP6 (T-UW-CAP6), Thai Fear Avoidance …

Effects Of Non-Albicans Candida Species On Biofilm Formation And Acidogenicity Of Dual-Species Biofilms And On Cariogenic Virulence Gene Expression Of Streptococcus Mutans, Wirunphat Sansanoa

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Early childhood caries is a common oral disease found in children which could affect their general health. Streptococcus mutans is an important cariogenic pathogen since it possesses cariogenic properties, which are acid production, acid tolerance and biofilm formation. Recent studies showed that Candida albicans, which is frequently found together with S. mutans in plaques of children with dental caries, enhances cariogenicity. At the same time, increasing prevalence of non-albicans Candida species (NACs) in children and immune-compromised patients has been reported. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of NACs when co-cultured with S. mutans on cariogenic properties and virulence …

The Incidence Of Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus Spp. Colonization And Infection In Children And Adults With Atopic Dermatitis, Matchima Laowansiri

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by chronic and recurrent eczematous rash. AD occurs in both children and adults, but children are more affected. An important aggravating factor is caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection. Therefore, topical (beta-lactam, macrolides, clindamycin) and systemic (mupirocin and fusidic acid) antibiotics are essential for treatment of AD. However, frequent use of antibiotics results in an increase in the incidence of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus. Methicillin resistance S. aureus (MRSA) becomes a problem in the treatment of skin diseases. It’s found that the change from penicillin binding protein (PBP) to PBP2a with …

The Publication Trend Of Internal Medicine In Iran, The Middle East And The World: A 10-Year Bibliometric Analysis, Maryam Esmaeilzadeh, Abbas Doulani, Mohammad Gomar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Purpose: This study sought to evaluate the scientific publications of Iranian researchers in the field of internal medicine as well as to compare them with those of the countries of the Middle East and the world within 2009-2018.

Design/methodology/approach: In this bibliometric study, the Scopus database was used. All papers published in the past ten years by researchers from Iran, the Middle East and the world in the field of internal medicine were included in the study. Data analysis and drawing of scientific maps were performed using Excel and VOS viewer software.

Findings: The number of scientific …

Patient-Centered Medical Homes In Community Oncology Practices: Changes In Spending And Care Quality Associated With The Come Home Experience, Teresa M. Waters, Cameron M. Kaplan, Ilana Graetz, Mary M. Price, Laura A. Stevens, Barbara L. Mcaneny

Health Management and Policy Faculty Publications

PURPOSE:

We examined whether the Community Oncology Medical Home (COME HOME) program, a medical home program implemented in seven community oncology practices, was associated with changes in spending and care quality.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We compared outcomes from elderly fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed between 2011 and 2015 with breast, lung, colorectal, thyroid, or pancreatic cancer, lymphoma, or melanoma and served by COME HOME practices before and after program implementation versus similar beneficiaries served by other geographically proximate oncologists. Difference-in-differences analysis compared changes in outcomes for COME HOME patients versus concurrent controls. Propensity score matching and regression methods were adjusted for …

Knob-Socket Investigation Of Stability And Specificity In Alpha-Helical Secondary And Quaternary Packing Structure, Taylor Renee Rabara

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The novel knob-socket (KS) model provides a construct to interpret and analyze the direct contributions of amino acid residues to the stability in α-helical protein structures. Based on residue preferences derived from a set of protein structures, the KS construct characterizes intra- and inter-helical packing into regular patterns of simple motifs. The KS model was used in the de novo design of an α-helical homodimer, KSα1.1. Using site-directed mutagenesis, KSα1.1 point mutants were designed to selectively increase and decrease stability by relating KS propensities with changes to α-helical structure. This study suggests that the sockets from the KS Model can …

Serological Proteomic Screening And Evaluation Of A Recombinant Egg Antigen For The Diagnosis Of Low-Intensity Schistosoma Mansoni Infections In Endemic Area In Brazil, Vanessa Silva-Moraes, Lisa Marie Shollenberger, William Castro-Borges, Ana Lucia Teles Rabello, Donald A. Harn, Lia Carolina Soares Medeiros, Wander De Jesus Jeremias, Liliane Maria Vidal Siqueira, Caroline Stephane Salviano Pereira, Maria Luysa Camargos Pedrosa, Nathalie Bonatti Franco Almeida, Aureo Almeida, Jose Roberto Lambertucci, Nidia Francisca De Figueiredo Carneiro, Paulo Marcos Zech Coelho, Refaella Fortini Queiroz Grenfell

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

Despite decades of use of control programs, schistosomiasis remains a global public health problem. To further reduce prevalence and intensity of infection, or to achieve the goal of elimination in low-endemic areas, there needs to be better diagnostic tools to detect low-intensity infections in low-endemic areas in Brazil. The rationale for development of new diagnostic tools is that the current standard test Kato-Katz (KK) is not sensitive enough to detect low-intensity infections in low-endemic areas. In order to develop new diagnostic tools, we employed a proteomics approach to identify biomarkers associated with schistosome-specific immune responses in hopes of developing …

Diagnosis Of Schistosoma Mansoni Infections: What Are The Choices In Brazilian Low-Endemic Areas?, Vanessa Silva-Moraes, Lisa M. Shollenberger, Liliane Maria Vidal Siqueira, William Castro-Borges, Donald A. Harn, Rafaella Fortini Queiroz E. Grenfell, Ana Lucia Teles Rabello, Paulo Marcos Zech Coelho

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The population of Brazil is currently characterised by many individuals harbouring low-intensity Schistosoma mansoni infections. The Kato-Katz technique is the diagnostic method recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to assess these infections, but this method is not sensitive enough in the context of low egg excretion. In this regard, potential alternatives are being employed to overcome the limits of the Kato-Katz technique. In the present review, we evaluated the performance of parasitological and immunological approaches adopted in Brazilian areas. Currently, the diagnostic choices involve a combination of strategies, including the utilisation of antibody methods to screen individuals and then …

Care After Lymphoma (Caly) Trial: A Phase Ii Pilot Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial Of A Nurse-Led Model Of Survivorship Care, Karen Taylor, Paola Chivers, Caroline Bulsara, David Joske, Max Bulsara, Leanne Monterosso

Nursing Papers and Journal Articles

Purpose: Post-treatment follow-up for lymphoma potentially fails to address the supportive care needs of survivors. A nurse-led lymphoma survivorship model of care was developed and tested in a phase II pilot pragmatic randomised controlled trial (RCT). The intervention comprised three face-to-face appointments, delivery of tailored resources and an individualised survivorship care plan and treatment summary (SCPTS), shared with the general practitioner (GP).

Method: Three months’ post-treatment completion, eligible lymphoma patients were randomised 1:1 to usual care (control) or usual care plus intervention. Survivorship unmet needs (Short-Form Survivor Unmet Needs Survey), distress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21), adjustment to cancer (Mini-Mental …

Induction Opioids For Caesarean Section Under General Anaesthesia: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomised Controlled Trials, L D. White, A Hodsdon, G H. An, C Thang, T M. Melhuish, R Vlok

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

Introduction: The adverse effects of induction opioids on the neonate are poorly characterised. The study aim was to investigate whether induction opioids can be used in caesarean section without adversely affecting the neonate.

Methods: Six databases were systematically searched from inception until January 2019. Included studies compared induction opioids and placebo in caesarean section. Results were presented as odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for dichotomous outcomes and weighted mean difference for continuous outcomes. An I² statistic of >50% was significant for heterogeneity. The primary outcome was Apgar score (1 and 5 min). Secondary outcomes included neonatal adverse events, cord …