Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Benefits Of 3d Breast Tomosynthesis Combined With 2d Digital Mammography In Screening Women For Breast Cancer, Danielle M. Swanson

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Breast cancer screening imaging options have progressed greatly over the years in sensitivity, specificity, and image quality. According to DynaMed Plus, in 2012 there were 522,000 deaths by breast cancer and 1,677,000 total cases of breast cancer documented (Dynamed, 2018). For years, traditional screening for breast cancer involved 2D digital mammography which obtains two views of each breast. With advances in technology, the use of 3D breast tomosynthesis has become an advantageous addition to routine breast cancer screening protocols at many health care facilities.

• My literature review of articles was found in PubMed, DynaMed Plus, Cochrane Library, and Clinical …

Benefits Of Hpv Vaccination In Adolescent Males, Budd Theriot

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States, affecting approximately 75-80% of young adults at some point in their lives, and it is also known to be directly related to several forms of cancer including cervical, vaginal, penile, anal, oral, and oropharyngeal cancer. Vaccination against several high-risk strains of HPV first became available in the U.S. in June of 2006 and has been proven to be effective in creating antibodies against several strains of high-risk HPV, potentially decreasing and preventing more than 30,000 new cases of HPV related cancers each year. Despite this fact, HPV vaccination …

Delaying Diabetes In The Native American Population, Seth Tramm

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Diabetes is a debilitating disease process caused by the body’s inability to control blood glucose levels. With over 30 million diabetics in the United States and another 85 million prediabetics, the effects of this disease are wide-spread and farreaching. Native American/Alaska Native populations have a nearly two-fold increase in prevalence of diabetes when compared to non-native populations. Risk factors for diabetes in all populations include modifiable risks such as obesity, diet, and physical inactivity as well as non-modifiable factors such as age, family history, and ethnicity. Studies have shown that early identification of symptoms, coupled with proper and intentional treatment …

Developing A Preceptor Training Program For Registered Nurses In A Teaching Hospital, Persephone Annis Munnings

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In a report on the nursing shortage, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing cited insufficient preceptors as one of the factors influencing the decreased intake of nursing students to registered nurse (RN) programs, thus compounding the shortage issue. The site selected for this project was a teaching hospital that annually facilitates hundreds of nursing students for clinical practice. Graduate nurses rotating through the hospital are assigned to work with RNs within their assigned units. The purpose of this doctoral project was to develop a preceptor training program for RNs in a teaching hospital. The practice-focused question examined whether RNs …

Thirty-Day Readmission Risk Factors Of African American Adult Copd Patients With Tracheostomies, Shekeita Gibson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The purpose of this study was to assess the association between hospital readmission and demographic variables (age, BMI, gender, income, marital status, comorbidities, and smoking history), and size and type of tracheostomy among African American chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with tracheostomies. The Andersen model was the theoretical framework for this quantitative study. Secondary data were obtained from a long-term acute care facility. The sample comprised 438 African American adult patients admitted between 2010 and 2017. Logistic regression was used to analyze each research question and assess the odds of 30-day hospital readmission. The results indicated that the odds …

Relationship Between Self-Determination And Employee Retention, Tiffany Edwards

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Retention of registered nurses (RNs) is essential to the sustainability of quality health care services. More than 55% of hospitals in the United States have not translated retention initiatives into a formal retention strategy. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between training programs, new hire onboarding processes, frozen positions, and nurse retention. The self-determination theory was the theoretical framework for this study. Secondary data were collected from the 2016 Texas Hospital Nurse Staffing Survey. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of the multiple linear regression were statistically significant, with F(3, 251) = .602, …

Health Disparities In Females With Rheumatic Heart Disease In Central Afghanistan, Ruhina Najem

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This study surveyed healthcare professionals and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) female participants in two hospitals located in central Afghanistan to examine the effects of communication among healthcare professionals, ethnicity and socioeconomic status, and the health quality of life. The social ecological models (SEM) of health promotion was utilized in the individual (communication between healthcare professionals), community (health quality of life), and societal factors (ethnicity and socioeconomic status). Three research questions were explored in this study: the significance of RHD healthcare professional's education to their RHD female patients ages 16 to 45 years; a correlation between ethnicity and socioeconomic status among …

Hiv/Aids And Behavioral Risk Factors Among Former Texas Prison Inmates, Scarlett Lusk-Edwards

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

As of the end of 2010, .9% (20,093) of the inmate population under the care of the U.S. Federal Bureau of Prisons and 1.7% (2,394) of the inmate population under the care of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice were living with HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to analyze the relationships between HIV/AIDS status and former inmate demographic characteristics, intravenous drug use (IDU), and social support networks. The behavior models of importation and deprivation formed the theoretical frameworks used to explore the relationship between HIV/AIDS and behavioral risk factors for released Texas prison inmates. Fifty former …

Program Evaluation Of The Employee Health And Wellbeing Program, Alicia Carmen Marlena Perez

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Health promotion and disease prevention are a focus of population health management. Without ongoing and rigorous evaluation, these programs may be in jeopardy of continuing. The purpose of this project was to conduct a descriptive population health- focused evaluation of a large-scale health system's employee health and wellbeing program. Guided by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) framework for program evaluation in public health and National Center for Organization Development guidelines, a nurse-led evaluation was conducted using 5 specific data sets emphasizing organizational structure, employee health offerings, employee surveys, Pathway to Excellence survey, and program contributions. A descriptive …

Analysis Of Nurses’ Perceptions Of Their Role In A Multidisciplinary Team, Jessica Ann Dempsey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

A better understanding of task allocation for the registered nurse (RN) within the scope of the multidisciplinary care team model is required. Patients, healthcare staff, and medical facilities that utilize RNs in multidisciplinary care teams will benefit from improved role identification. A multidisciplinary care team consists of a variety of health care professionals and without role identification, confusion, miscommunication, and negative patient outcomes can occur. A literature review demonstrated that a gap in knowledge existed related to task allocation and role identification of RNs within a multidisciplinary care team. The purpose of this study was to evaluate RNs’ scope of …

Hospital-Acquired Pressure Ulcer Prevention, Druscilla Willis Jones

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Hospital-acquired pressure ulcers (HAPUs) represent a significant challenge in the care provided for hospitalized patients. HAPUs impact morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. At the local practice site, the incidence of HAPUs increased in the perioperative setting. The practice-focused question for this project asked if an education program for staff nurses working in a perioperative care setting with high HAPU incidence can advance nurse knowledge regarding prevention, early assessment, symptoms, and treatment of HAPUs. The purpose of this educational project was to develop a pretest and posttest designed education program on HAPU prevention and care for perioperative nurses. The Iowa …

Change Management Implementation Strategies For Small Businesses, Oneeka Rena' Rivers

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Most organizational change initiatives fail because managers lack effective change management strategies. The purpose of this single case study was to explore change management strategies that outpatient care facility managers used to positively affect process improvements. The population consisted of 6 managers who completed change initiatives at a military, outpatient medical facility in Texas and 6 of their team members. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and organization documents, then analyzed based on the conceptual framework of Lewin’s change theory. Rowley’s 4-step process for analysis—organizing; getting acquainted with; classifying; coding and interpreting; and presenting and writing up the data—was used …

Accessibility Of Innovative Services In Radiation Oncology, Patricia Sansourekidou

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The field of radiation oncology (RO) involves the use of highly advanced techniques to treat cancer and safely spare healthy organs. The discipline has experienced rapid growth in the past 25 years, with technological advancement as the driving force. Available data and an instrument to effectively measure the accessibility of innovation in the field were lacking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accessibility of innovative services in RO in the United States and assess possible diffusion patterns. Two hundred and forty medical physicists practicing in RO in the United States completed a custom Internet-based survey. The diffusion …

Oromo Ethiopians Perceptions Of The Prevalence, Causes, Treatment And Prevention Of Trachoma, Linda L. Gross

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In Ethiopia, one of the primary contributors to blindness is trachoma, which is an infectious ocular disease. There is no record of any prevention programs in rural Ethiopian villages of Oromia, where the prevalence of trachoma is high. The original purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the perceptions of rural Oromo villagers in Ethiopia on the causes, treatment, and prevention of trachoma, using the health belief model and the social-ecological model as a theoretical framework. Due to a security situation in Ethiopia, final interviews were conducted with immigrant Ethiopians in the US, all of them from the trachoma-endemic …

Education Program For Critical Care Nurses On Preventing Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections, Olatunde Olatunji

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are the most frequently reported hospital-acquired condition, affecting more than 560,000 patients each year. CAUTIs prolong hospital stays and increase health care costs, and they can result in patient morbidity and mortality. Nurses can be empowered by receiving education and knowledge to manage and identify urinary catheters that are not clinically indicated. The purpose of this project was to develop an education program on CAUTI prevention for critical care nurses using the teach-back method. The conceptual framework that guided this project was Knowles's adult learning theory. The theoretical model was based on 4 fundamental assumptions …

Parental Perception Of Physician Cultural Sensitivity And Adherence To Asthma Treatment, Narue Jaynelle Wright-Jegede

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In the United States, asthma remains a major cause of frequent urgent care visits, hospitalizations, and preventable deaths among children. Nationwide, the chronic disease continues to fall disproportionately on minorities, mostly residing in urban localities. When a child is diagnosed with asthma, the parents are typically tasked with managing the child's condition. Establishing a collaborative partnership between parents and their child's primary physician is significant for improving asthma self-management among youth. Using the theory of reasoned action as a theoretical framework, this mixed-methods study examined whether a relationship exists between parental perceptions of physician cultural sensitivity and parental care in …

Comparison Of Lacrosse Player Metrics In Games And Practices In High School Males, Kinta Schott

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Zika And Flavivirus Shell Disorder: Virulence And Fetal Morbidity, Gerard Kian-Meng Goh, A. Keith Dunker, James A. Foster, Vladimir N. Uversky

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

Zika virus (ZIKV) was first discovered in 1947 in Africa. Since then, sporadic ZIKV infections of humans have been reported in Africa and Asia. For a long time, this virus was mostly unnoticed due to its mild symptoms and low fatality rates. However, during the 2015–2016 epidemic in Central and South America, when millions of people were infected, it was discovered that ZIKV causes microcephaly in the babies of mothers infected during pregnancy. An examination of the M and C proteins of the ZIKV shell using the disorder predictor PONDR VLXT revealed that the M protein contains relatively high disorder …

Driving Forces Of Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation In Biological Systems, Boris Y. Zaslavsky, Luisa A. Ferreira, Vladimir N. Uversky

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

Analysis of liquid–liquid phase separation in biological systems shows that this process is similar to the phase separation observed in aqueous two-phase systems formed by nonionic polymers, proteins, and polysaccharides. The emergence of interfacial tension is a necessary condition of phase separation. The situation in this regard is similar to that of phase separation in mixtures of partially miscible solvents. It is suggested that the evaluation of the effects of biological macromolecules on the solvent properties of aqueous media and the measurement of the interfacial tension as a function of these solvent properties may be more productive for gaining insights …

Structure Determination By Single-Particle Cryo-Electron Microscopy: Only The Sky (And Intrinsic Disorder) Is The Limit, Emeka Nwanochie, Vladimir N. Uversky

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

Traditionally, X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy represent major workhorses of structural biologists, with the lion share of protein structures reported in protein data bank (PDB) being generated by these powerful techniques. Despite their wide utilization in protein structure determination, these two techniques have logical limitations, with X-ray crystallography being unsuitable for the analysis of highly dynamic structures and with NMR spectroscopy being restricted to the analysis of relatively small proteins. In recent years, we have witnessed an explosive development of the techniques based on Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) for structural characterization of biological molecules. In fact, single-particle Cryo-EM is a special …

Supramolecular Fuzziness Of Intracellular Liquid Droplets: Liquid–Liquid Phase Transitions, Membrane-Less Organelles, And Intrinsic Disorder, Vladimir N. Uversky

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

Cells are inhomogeneously crowded, possessing a wide range of intracellular liquid droplets abundantly present in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic and bacterial cells, in the mitochondrial matrix and nucleoplasm of eukaryotes, and in the chloroplast’s stroma of plant cells. These proteinaceous membrane-less organelles (PMLOs) not only represent a natural method of intracellular compartmentalization, which is crucial for successful execution of various biological functions, but also serve as important means for the processing of local information and rapid response to the fluctuations in environmental conditions. Since PMLOs, being complex macromolecular assemblages, possess many characteristic features of liquids, they represent highly dynamic (or …

Development Of A Mel Cell-Derived Allograft Mouse Model For Cancer Research, Min Young Kim, Sungwoo Choi, Seol Eui Lee, Ji Sook Kim, Seung Han Son, Young Soo Lim, Bang-Jin Kim, Buom-Yong Ryu, Vladimir N. Uversky, Young Jin Lee, Chul Geun Kim

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

Murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells are often employed as a model to dissect mechanisms of erythropoiesis and erythroleukemia in vitro. Here, an allograft model using MEL cells resulting in splenomegaly was established to develop a diagnostic model for isolation/quantification of metastatic cells, anti-cancer drug screening, and evaluation of the tumorigenic or metastatic potentials of molecules in vivo. In this animal model, circulating MEL cells from the blood stream were successfully isolated and quantified with an additional in vitro cultivation step. In terms of the molecular-pathological analysis, we were able to successfully evaluate the functional discrimination between methyl-CpG-binding domain 2 (Mbd2) and …

Ifi16, A Nuclear Innate Immune Dna Sensor, Mediates Epigenetic Silencing Of Herpesvirus Genomes By Its Association With H3k9 Methyltransferases Suv39h1 And Glp, Arunava Roy, Anandita Ghosh, Binod Kumar, Bala Chandran

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

IFI16, an innate immune DNA sensor, recognizes the nuclear episomal herpes viral genomes and induces the inflammasome and interferon-β responses. IFI16 also regulates cellular transcription and act as a DNA virus restriction factor. IFI16 knockdown disrupted the latency of Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and induced lytic transcripts. However, the mechanism of IFI16’s transcription regulation is unknown. Here, we show that IFI16 is in complex with the H3K9 methyltransferase SUV39H1 and GLP and recruits them to the KSHV genome during de novo infection and latency. The resulting depositions of H3K9me2/me3 serve as a docking site for the heterochromatin-inducing HP1α protein …

Bet You Can’T Eat Just One: Binge Eating Disorder Promotion In American Food Advertising, Debbie Danowski

Communication, Media & The Arts Faculty Publications

"Eat Like Andy“; "What Would You Do For A Klondike Bar?“ For well over a century, American food manufacturers have been competing for consumers’ attention through the use of catchy jingles, iconic characters and celebrities. At the same time, the products being advertised contain greater amounts of addictive ingredients, which encourage binge eating resulting in an unprecedented obesity epidemic. Combine this with the full-scale commercialization of the culture today“. Jhally identifies and the powerful impact of food advertisements becomes clear as does the need to evaluate these ads. As Kilbourne noted nearly a quarter of a century ago, the majority …

Erbb3 Signaling And Its Effect On Spheroid Formation In Ovarian Cancer, Muskan Bansal, Danielle Burke, Mara P. Steinkamp

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

ErbB3 is a receptor tyrosine kinase in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family. Like other family members, it has an extracellular ligand-binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular kinase domain. ErbB3 requires interactions with other receptors and dimerizes with ErbB2 and MET, to activate downstream signaling pathways. Mutations in the ErbB3 gene within the extracellular and kinase domains have been identified in many cancer types. To understand the impact of ErbB3 on cancer growth and metastasis, the human ovarian cancer cell line, OVCAR8, was used as a model. Parental OVCAR8 cells that express ErbB2 and ErbB3 were compared …

Evaluating Fda Generic Approval After 2017 Agency Initiatives, Kuo Jiao

Public Health Theses

Importance: Generic drugs play an essential role in the US healthcare system, providing less costly alternatives to branded drugs that are equally effective and safe. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory policies influence the standards for generic drug approval. In 2017, the FDA instituted several initiatives to promote generic drug approval, particularly focused on those with limited competition.

Objective: To determine whether the initiatives begun by FDA in 2017 were associated with greater numbers of approvals of generic drugs with limited generic competition and histories of drug shortage.

Study Sample and Design: We conducted a cross-sectional study of …

Ada News Convention Daily - 2019 Day 1, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

The ADA News Daily (also called the ADA News Convention Daily) is a special edition of the ADA News published each day during American Dental Association Annual Sessions.

Eating Insects: A Community Action Toolkit, Lily X. Chumrau, Charlotte Langner, Freya Sargent, Ellen Sears, Mary Mccormick

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

The world’s human population has risen exponentially over the last 100 years and is expected to reach nine billion by 2050. Ensuring food security and resource sustainability is of global concern. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization endorses insect farming as an alternative to cattle, pork, sheep, and poultry industries because of their higher food conversion rate. Insect farming requires less arable land, less water, and produces less greenhouse gases than traditional livestock. The practice of eating insects, known as entomophagy, is not a new idea as two billion people around the world include insects in their diets. Unfortunately, …

Is Criminal Sentencing Influenced By Type Of Disorder?, Christopher Koch, Tessa Jones

Faculty Publications - Psychology Department

Differences in sentencing due to disorder and gender were examined. Four scenarios were randomly presented for each disorder type. Participants indicated the sentence length for each scenario and whether they would parole the individual. Men with personality disorders received longer sentences while women with psychotic or neurological disorders received longer sentences. Perpetrators with personality disorders were less likely to be paroled than those with a psychotic or neurological disorder. Parole decisions about psychotic women were made faster than any other condition.

Nitrofurantoin-Induced Radiation Recall Dermatitis., Ian Garrahy, Daniel Forman

Reading Hospital Internal Medicine Residency

Radiation recall dermatitis (RRD) is an inflammatory skin reaction that develops in a previously quiescent radiation field triggered most commonly by chemotherapy, particularly anthracyclines and taxanes. Radiation-recall dermatitis secondary to antibiotic therapy is quite rare. The patient is 61-year-old female with a history of squamous cell carcinoma of the left breast treated with neoadjuvant carboplatin, paclitaxel, and anthracycline chemotherapy followed by surgery and subsequent whole breast radiation 6040 cGy. Eight years after completion of her radiation she developed diffuse redness of the left breast after two doses of nitrofurantoin taken for a urinary tract infection. On examination, vital signs were …