Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Prevalence Of Alcohol Use: A National Survey Of Deaf Adults In The United States, Poorna Kushalnagar, Traciann Hoglind, Abbi N. Simons, Debra Guthmann

JADARA

Objective: Alcohol is one of the most commonly used substances in the United States. Alcohol consumption has been linked to several sociodemographic and social characteristics in the general population. Research is needed to understand the prevalence of and characteristics related to alcohol use in Deaf adults. Our study purpose was to determine nation-wide prevalence of alcohol use and investigate characteristics related to alcohol consumption in Deaf adults in the United States.

Methods: Secondary data were drawn from the Health Information National Trends in American Sign Language (HINTS-ASL). Self-reported data from 1272 Deaf adults (56% female) were used to …

Examining Sex Differences In The Association Between A Partner's Antisocial Behavior And One's Own Substance Use, Jasmine R. Jones, Jessica E. Salvatore Phd, Rebecca L. Smith Phd, Msw, Amy Adkins Phd

IRBEH/Spit for Science Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Cannabis And Tobacco Use Behaviors Among African American College Students, Gabrielle Dunston, Omobukola Usidame Phd, Mignonne C. Guy Phd

IRBEH/Spit for Science Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Examination Of The Relations Among Demographics, Pre-College Interpersonal Trauma, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder And Disordered Eating, Arin L. Larsen, Kaitlin Bountress Phd, Ananda B. Amstadter Phd

IRBEH/Spit for Science Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Is There An Association Between Social Support And Substance Use In College Students?, Emily Ramos, Elizabeth Prom-Wormley Phd

IRBEH/Spit for Science Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Food And Sleep Tracking On Quality Of Life, Souad Aboufadel, Sara Piecukonis

Loma Linda University Research Reports

Abstract Background: Various factors such as sleep quality and amount and food intake can have an impact on quality of life in terms of the amount of stress or fatigue that an individual experiences as an outcome. Food tracking has been commonly used as a tool for weight loss. Yet, current research has been looking at other possible advantages related to food tracking.

Objective: To examine the effects of food and sleep tracking on health-related quality of life with respects to sleep quality and quantity, stress, and fatigue, in adults aged 18 years or older.

Methods: Participants …

The Effects Of Mindful Eating Education On Increasing Satiety Signals, Audrey Bamford, Evelyn Gonzalez, Sneha Lalla

Loma Linda University Research Reports

Background: Mindful eating is a practice that incorporates focusing on thoughts, emotions and sensations within the body when consuming food. Satiety is defined as a state of fullness where there is no longer an intake of food. Mindful eating techniques could help college students identify their hunger and satiety signals and respond to those cues over environmental or psychosocial cues that could lead to over-eating. Giving mindful eating education has the possibility to help people recognize their satiety signals and stop eating sooner.

Objective: To examine the effects of mindful eating education on increasing satiety signals.

Design: …

Pharmaceutical Industry's Effect On Socioeconomic Development In Sub-Saharan Africa In Relation To Family Planning Accessibility, Tessa Demarest

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

There is a large unmet need for family planning services in sub-Saharan Africa (Goodkind et al, 2018). Pharmaceutical companies contribute to the accessibility of medications in developing countries (Cottingham & Berer, 2011). If the pharmaceutical industry strongly affects access to contraceptives in sub-Saharan Africa, then it is possible that adjustments made to the industry would increase access to contraceptives. I explored how contraceptives change the economic and social development of subSaharan Africa to determine if contraception benefits Africans enough for their shortage to be a serious injustice. This is followed by how the pharmaceutical industry affects access to and types …

Attribution Theory And Increasing Social Support For Women With Postpartum Depression: An Exploration Of Perceived Stability, Onset Controllability, And Effort, Andrea L. Ruybal

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Women with postpartum depression (PPD) deal with the negative impact of depression, as well as the burden of stigma (i.e., negative stereotypes). Guided by the attribution-emotion-action model (Weiner, 1980a), the current studies seek to assess whether emphasizing the temporary nature of PPD (i.e., stability), the uncontrollable development of the ailment (i.e., onset controllability), and whether it appears someone is making an effort to overcome PPD will indirectly result in greater social support, through anger, sympathy, and social support outcome expectations. This approach, utilizing combinations of three different attributions, along with social support outcome expectations as a mediator has not been …

Impulsivity Of Sexual Trauma Survivors And Their Use Of Alcohol And Substances, Kayla Mclean, Jasmin Vassileva Phd

IRBEH/Spit for Science Publications and Presentations

The current study investigates the associations of neurocognitive ‘choice’ impulsivity (delay discounting) and personality ‘trait’ impulsivity (UPPS) with alcohol and substance use among college students reporting history of sexual trauma. Spit For Science data was used as the sample, specifically looking at cohort Y5(N=2476). A bivariate correlation was used to compare different substances and alcohol use to different facets of the UPPS trait impulsivity and correlations were used to measure the relationship between different levels of delay discounting (small, medium, large, overall) with alcohol and substance use among students reporting history of sexual trauma.

Optimization And Characterization Of Hot-Melt Extruded Anti-Inflammatory And Local Anesthetic Bio-Adhesive Semisolid Formulation Using Design Of Experiments (Doe), Rishi Chinmay Thakkar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Hot melt extrusion is a versatile continuous manufacturing process extensively investigated for its applications with production of oral solid dosage forms, the aim of this study was to venture the applicability of HME in continuous manufacturing of topical semi-solid ointment formulations. Novel combination of a topical corticosteroid (Triamcinolone Acetonide) and local anesthetic (Lidocaine hydrochloride) were selected to be formulated with a water-soluble ointment base consisting of PEG 4000, PEG 1500 and Propylene glycol after performing appropriate drug-excipient compatibility studies. To determine the ratios of the solid to liquid components of the macrogol base, ‘quality by design’ approach was employed by …

Expenditure, Coping, And Academic Behaviors Among Food-Insecure College Students At 10 Higher Education Institutes In The Appalachian And Southeastern Regions, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Laura H. Mcarthur, Lanae B. Hood, Maureen Berner, Elizabeth T. Anderson Steeves, Carol L. Connell, Elizabeth Wall-Bassett, Marsha Spence, Oyinlola Toyin Babatunde, E Brooke Kelly, Julia F. Waity, J Porter Lillis, Melissa D. Olfert

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

A number of studies have measured college student food insecurity prevalence higher than the national average; however, no multicampus regional study among students at 4-y institutions has been undertaken in the Appalachian and Southeast regions of the United States.

Objectives

The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of food insecurity among college students in the Appalachian and Southeastern regions of the United States, and to determine the association between food-insecurity status and money expenditures, coping strategies, and academic performance among a regional sample of college students.

Methods

This regional, cross-sectional, online survey study included 13,642 college …

Interventions To Increase Completion Of Hepatitis B Vaccination In People Who Inject Drugs: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Stacy Tressler, Ruchi Bhandari

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract

Increases in opioid misuse and injection drug use have resulted in a rise in acute cases of hepatitis B. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized studies to determine the effect (pooled odds ratio) of interventions to increase hepatitis B vaccination completion in people who inject drugs (PWID). Odds ratios from the included studies were combined to create a pooled odds ratio (OR) using the Inverse Heterogeneity Model. Eleven studies met the eligibility criterion of having a randomized intervention to increase hepatitis B virus vaccination completion among PWID. The odds of vaccine completion in the intervention group …

Narcotic-Free, Over-The-Counter Pain Management After Wide-Awake Hand Surgery, Sraj Shafic

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Introduction: Prescribing opioids for postoperative pain has increased steadily, and hand surgery has been no exception. Current hand surgery literature does not describe the efficacy of pain self-management postoperatively. The purpose of this study is to describe our experience with over-the-counter (OTC), narcotic-free, postoperative pain management. Methods: We have done a retrospective chart review at an academic tertiary-care facility. Patients who underwent softtissue hand surgery in an office-based procedure room between January 1, 2018, and March 1, 2019, done using wide-awake local anesthesia only with no tourniquet were included. Results: Eighty-one continuous patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The …

Prevalence And Correlates Of Comorbid Depression In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Attending Clinic At Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Alamin Suleiman

Master of Medicine in Family Medicine

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes affects 500,000 people in Kenya and is a single cause of morbidity and mortality. It also co-exists with depression, increasing the disease severity and the likelihood of a lower quality of life. Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to examine the depression prevalence as well as factors associated with depression among patients with Type 2 diabetes attending clinic at Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi (AKUHN). The study also assessed the differences in depression severity with Type 2 diabetes alone and with Type 2 diabetes and other comorbid conditions. Methodology: An analytic cross-sectional methodology was …

Patients Perspective On The Non-Urgent Use Of The Emergency Department In Kenya, Carolyne Robai Matifary

Master of Medicine in Family Medicine

Background: Globally, there is an increasing demand for emergency department (ED) care in many countries accompanied by the dire need to optimize scant resources. Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) is facing a rapid surge in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) compounded by an already prevailing significant problem of communicable diseases and injuries. This has led to increased demand for emergency care expertise owing to acute complications of all these conditions. The impact includes ED overcrowding, increased healthcare costs, extended waiting periods and overstretched essential services. To mitigate this, it is imperative that EDs be utilized appropriately to continue providing quality …

Student Motivation To Learn: Is Self-Belief The Key To Transition And First Year Performance In An Undergraduate Health Professions Program?, Susan Edgar, Sandra E. Carr, Joanne Connaughton, Antonio Celenza

Physiotherapy Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Student motivation to learn has been undervalued to date though has been identified as an area influencing student success and retention at university. The transition into university has been highlighted as a key period affecting student outcomes as well as well-being. Early identification of those students at risk may assist the transition for many students moving into higher education. Previous research has identified the Motivation and Engagement Scale – University/College (MES-UC) as a valid instrument for measuring motivation to learn in physiotherapy students. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between a student’s motivation to learn …

Strengthening Capacity To Prevent Hiv Among Adolescent Girls And Young Women: Supporting Dreams Programming, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

The Population Council, with funding from Girl Effect, worked in seven Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-free, Mentored, and Safe (DREAMS) Partnership countries to strengthen the capacity of implementing partners to develop new approaches to reach AGYWs at highest risk of HIV infection, link them with essential resources, and empower them with social and protective assets for a safe and healthy entry into adulthood. This technical assistance was informed by the Population Council’s decades of research and experience determining “what works”—and what doesn’t work—in girl-centered programming. Through Project SOAR, the Population Council provided technical assistance to implementing partners in five additional countries …

Implementing And Scaling-Up Stepping Stones In Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa: Lessons From Working In Informal Settlements, Cecilia Milford, M. Mtshali, Mags Beksinska, Julie Pulerwitz

HIV and AIDS

KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), a major epicenter of the South African HIV epidemic, has large informal settlements where thousands of people live. The settlements are often underserved by municipal services and lack accessible health care. Given high rates of HIV, there is a critical need to assess the successes and challenges of implementing HIV prevention and treatment in this context. Stepping Stones is a widely used life-skills training intervention focused on curbing gender-based violence and reducing HIV risk. The program addresses issues such as communication about HIV, relationship skills, and assertiveness. The manual-based curriculum encourages participants to engage in critical reflection through …

The People Living With Hiv Stigma Index: Dominican Republic, Red Dominicana De Personas Que Viven Con Vih/Sida, Alianza Solidaria Para La Lucha Contra El Vih Y Sida, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

The People Living with HIV Stigma Index, developed in 2008, is a survey instrument used to highlight stigma and discrimination experienced by PLHIV. Developed and administered by and for PLHIV, the Stigma Index is not merely a measurement tool, its implementation is intended to be an empowering experience for PLHIV. In 2016–17, the Population Council–led research consortium Project SOAR updated the Stigma Index to reflect changes in the global HIV response in the past decade. The new version (Stigma Index 2.0) now has an increased focus on PLHIV’s experiences accessing HIV services; using and adhering to antiretroviral services; mental health …

Índice De Estigma En Personas Viviendo Con Vih 2.0: Resultados Preliminares Para La República Dominicana, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

El estigma y la discriminación hacia las personas que viven con el VIH (PVVIH) contribuyen a la pobre calidad de servicios de salud, coerción y violencia, desempleo y exclusión de las reuniones sociales. Abordar el estigma que afecta a las PVVIH es una prioridad mundial, dado su impacto en la epidemia del VIH. En 2008, la Red mundial de personas que viven con el VIH, la Comunidad internacional de mujeres que viven con el VIH, la Federación Internacional de Planificación de la Familia y ONUSIDA lanzaron el Índice de Estigma para proveer evidencia sobre estigma y discriminación que sirva para …

Índice De Estigma En Personas Que Viven Con Vih: República Dominicana, Red Dominicana De Personas Que Viven Con Vih/Sida, Alianza Solidaria Para La Lucha Contra El Vih Y Sida, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

El Índice de Estigma de las personas que viven con el VIH, desarrollado en 2008, es una encuesta utilizada para identificar el estigma y la discriminación que enfrentan las PVVIH. Desarrollado y administrado por y para las PVVIH, el Índice de Estigma es más que un simple instrumento de medición, e espera que su ejecución empodere a PVVIH. En 2016-17, el consorcio de investigación liderado por el Population Council, el Proyecto SOAR, actualizó el Índice de Estigma a modo de reflejar los cambios en la respuesta mundial ante el VIH durante la última década. La nueva versión (Stigma Index 2.0) …

Youth Engaging For Success (Yes)—Youth Peer Mentor Pre-Service Training: Youth Peer Mentor Guide, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

No abstract provided.

Youth Engaging For Success (Yes)—Youth Peer Mentor In-Service Training: Youth Peer Mentor Guide, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

No abstract provided.

Youth Engaging For Success (Yes)—Youth Peer Mentor Pre-Service Training: Facilitator Guide, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

No abstract provided.

Youth Engaging For Success (Yes)—Youth Peer Mentor In-Service Training: Facilitator Guide, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

No abstract provided.

Comparison The Accuracy Of Implant Position Between Static And Dynamic Computer-Assisted Implant Surgery With Two-Implant Support Fixed Partial Prosthesis, Paweena Yimarj

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objectives: To compare the accuracy of position and parallelity of two implants, using static and dynamic CAIS systems. Materials & Methods: 30 patients received two implants randomly allocated to 2 different CAIS systems. Optimal implant position and absolute parallelity was planned based on preoperative CBCT. Implants were placed using surgical guide (static CAIS, n = 15) and real time navigation (dynamic CAIS, n = 15). Implant 3-dimentional deviation and parallelity was calculated after surgery. Results: The mean deviation at implant platform, apex and angulation in the static and dynamic CAIS group was 1.04 ± 0.67 mm, 1.54 ± 0.79 mm, …

Christ-Focused Service-Learning: Learning To Receive Ministry In Humility, Stephanie Matthew, Elizabeth Roark, Eloise Hockett

Faculty Publications - College of Nursing

Service-learning is an experiential process of action and reflection that allows students to expand their knowledge through real-world activities that benefit others. Service-learning opportunities for baccalaureate nursing students in Kenya have provided many ongoing examples of learning from our Kenyan collaborators. Receiving ministry from those we came to serve, allows allows us, in turn, to demonstrate Christ’s humility. In this article, we share specific stories of how various community partners ministered in unexpected ways to our teams of students and faculty, as we served in Kenya through healthcare and education.

Personal Satisfaction, Cardiovascular Disease Risk, And Health Promoting Behavior Among Arab American Middle-Aged Women, Rnda Ibrahim Ashgar

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

PERSONAL SATISFACTION, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK, AND HEALTH PROMOTING BEHAVIOR AMONG ARAB AMERICAN MIDDLE-AGED WOMEN

by

RNDA I. ASHGAR

MAY 2019

Advisor: Dr. Debra Schutte Major: Nursing

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Purpose and Background/Significance: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one leading cause of death among middle-aged women. It was estimated that CVD causes 1 in 3 deaths each year, or one woman each minute. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of personal satisfaction on CVD risk and health promoting behavior (HPB) among Arab American middle-aged women. The specific aims of this study were:

1) Specific …

If We Build It They Will Come: Targeting The Immune Response To Breast Cancer., Margaret E Gatti-Mays, Justin M Balko, Sofia R Gameiro, Harry D Bear, Sangeetha Prabhakaran, Jami Fukui, Mary L Disis, Rita Nanda, James L Gulley, Kevin Kalinsky, Houssein Abdul Sater, Joseph A Sparano, David Cescon, David B Page, Heather Mcarthur, Sylvia Adams, Elizabeth A Mittendorf

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Historically, breast cancer tumors have been considered immunologically quiescent, with the majority of tumors demonstrating low lymphocyte infiltration, low mutational burden, and modest objective response rates to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy. Tumor and immunologic profiling has shed light on potential mechanisms of immune evasion in breast cancer, as well as unique aspects of the tumor microenvironment (TME). These include elements associated with antigen processing and presentation as well as immunosuppressive elements, which may be targeted therapeutically. Examples of such therapeutic strategies include efforts to (1) expand effector T-cells, natural killer (NK) cells and immunostimulatory dendritic cells (DCs), (2) improve antigen presentation, and …