Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Unsaturated Fatty Acids To Improve Cardiorespiratory Fitness In Patients With Obesity And Hfpef, Salvatore Carbone, Hayley E. Billingsley, Justin M. Canada, Dinesh Kadariya, Horacio Medina De Chazal, Brando Rotelli, Nicola Potere, Bishal Paudel, Roshi Markley, Dave L. Dixon, Cory R. Trankle, Benjamin W. Van Tassell, Francesco S. Celi, Antonio Abbate

Internal Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.

The Association Between Urinary Genistein Levels And Mortality Among Adults In The United States, Carolyn Marcelo, Melissa Warwick, Catherine Marcelo, Rehan Qayyum

Internal Medicine Publications

Background
Current research on the relationship between phytoestrogens and mortality has been inconclusive. We explored the relationship between genistein, a phytoestrogen, and mortality in a large cohort representative of the United States population.


Methods: Data were analyzed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999–2010. Normalized urinary genistein (nUG) was analyzed as a log-transformed continuous variable and in quartiles. Mortality data were obtained from the National Death Index and matched to the NHANES participants. Survival analyses were conducted using the Kaplan-Meier analysis. Cox proportional hazard models were constructed for all-cause and cause-specific mortality without and with …

Remote Ischemic Pre-Conditioning Attenuates Adverse Cardiac Remodeling And Mortality Following Doxorubicin Administration In Mice, Zachary M. Gertz, Chad Cain, Donatas Kraskauskas, Teja Devarakonda, Adolfo G. Mauro, Jeremy Thompson, Arun Samidurai, Qun Chen, Sarah W. Gordon, Edward J. Lesnefsky, Anindita Das, Fadi N. Salloum

Internal Medicine Publications

Objectives

Because of its multifaceted cardioprotective effects, remote ischemic pre-conditioning (RIPC) was examined as a strategy to attenuate doxorubicin (DOX) cardiotoxicity.

Background

The use of DOX is limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity and heart failure. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and autophagy modulation have been proposed as mediators of DOX cardiotoxicity.

Methods

After baseline echocardiography, adult male CD1 mice were randomized to either sham or RIPC protocol (3 cycles of 5 min femoral artery occlusion followed by 5 min reperfusion) 1 h before receiving DOX (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal). The mice were observed primarily for survival over 85 days (86 mice). An …

Validity Of Various Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Devices Vs The Bod Pod For Body Composition, Alivia Blakley

ETD Archive

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of various BIA devices compared to a criterion, the Bod Pod. It was hypothesized that (1) there would be no significant difference in the various BIA devices (Seca, Inbody, Tanita, Omron) as compared to the Bod Pod, for validity and reliability, (2) there would be no significant difference in total body water as measured by the Seca and Tanita, and (3) there would be significant differences in weight as measured by four of the five devices (Bod Pod, Seca, Tanita, Inbody). Methods: Forty participants, ages 18-31 years, 20 female …

Voice Disorders Secondary To Thyroidectomy: A Case Study, Samantha D'Agostino

ETD Archive

The thyroid is an important gland that aids in development. Located anteriorly at the base of the neck, the thyroid produces hormones that regulate metabolism. Thyroid dysfunction can lead to excess or reduced production of hormones known as hyper and hypothyroidism. Usually affecting women, hyper and hypothyroidism can be life-threatening. A well-known treatment is a thyroidectomy, or removal of the thyroid gland. Many people report vocal change secondary to thyroidectomy. Dysfunction can result from intubation during surgery or damage to laryngeal nerves and/or muscles. A participant’s low intensity and difficulty with projection prompted a case-study to examine the laryngeal area …

Glycosaminoglycans And Glycosaminoglycan Mimetics In Cancer And Inflammation, Shravan Morla

Medicinal Chemistry Publications

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a class of biomolecules expressed virtually on all mammalian cells and usually covalently attached to proteins, forming proteoglycans. They are present not only on the cell surface, but also in the intracellular milieu and extracellular matrix. GAGs interact with multiple ligands, both soluble and insoluble, and modulate an important role in various physiological and pathological processes including cancer, bacterial and viral infections, inflammation, Alzheimer’s disease, and many more. Considering their involvement in multiple diseases, their use in the development of drugs has been of significant interest in both academia and industry. Many GAG-based drugs are being developed …

Promoting Cultural Humility: Lgbtqia+ Education For Healthcare Providers, Lexi Robertson, Lauren Connelly

VCU Health Nursing

Abstract:

Purpose:

LGBTQIA+ patients experience devastating mental health and substance abuse disparities. While our organization has a broad non-discrimination statement that includes gender identity and sexual orientation, there is no guidance for how to best serve these patients. Evidence suggests training sessions are a successful means of increasing LGBTQIA+ cultural competency, with “Safe Zone” identified as being especially successful on college campuses. The Healthcare Equality Index also calls for education to demonstrate healthcare organizations’ commitment to LGBTQIA+ patients.

Intervention:

We developed an educational workshop - Safe Zone – with university psychologists. This workshop included interactive exercises that focused on increasing …

Own Your Outcomes: Driving Down Hapis In The Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit, Linda Currie

VCU Health Nursing

Abstract:

Purpose (What): To achieve sustainable reduction of pressure injury (PI) rates through systematic culture change, in a quaternary, level 1, urban academic medical center cardiac surgery intensive care unit (CSICU).

Relevance/Significance (Why): The CSICU is a high-risk patient population, hosting multiple potential barriers to pressure injury prevention. Prior to 2012, the CSICU pressure injury rate was 17% higher than the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators benchmark, negatively impacting patient outcomes and organizational goals. Leveraging Magnet principles of Evidence-Based Practice, CSICU advanced practice nurse leaders empowered and motivated bedside nurses to lead and sustain unit culture change.

Strategy and …

Multimodal Needs Assessments For Curricular Refinement – Learner, Expert, Emr, Catherine Grossman

Health Sciences Education Symposium

OBJECTIVES •Explore the educational formats and resource preferences of house staff •Identify ICU topics thought to be important by experts in the field •Identify clinically relevant ICU topics •Build an interactive, standardized cognitive aid that serves both as an instructional resource for house staff and a prompt for those teaching

A Guide To Prescribing Sufficient Post Surgical Quantities Of Opiate Pain Medications, Adam Pflugrath

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Purpose: To examine opiate pain medication prescription and consumption after surgical procedures at VCU Medical Center.

Mistreatment Of Providers By Patients In Emergency Medicine, Cyrus Massouleh

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Background: •Mistreatment and disrespect of healthcare providers including verbal harassment, sexual harassment, and physical harassment is relatively commonplace in the clinical setting. •Per Bureau of Labor Statistics, healthcare professionals are at a 16x greater risk of violence than professionals in other service fields1. •Much of this mistreatment is from colleagues and superiors2, but a significant portion is from patients and their families with prior studies showing anywhere from 6-67% percent of the mistreatment done by patients or their families2,4,5,6. •Providers may feel that being mistreated is an expected part of the job7,8. •Many resources have been dedicated to understanding and …

Using A Mixed Methods Approach To Explore Perceptions Of Early Learners In Classroom-Based Interprofessional Education Experiences, Abigale Matulewicz

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Background:

- Interprofessional education (IPE) is a global imperative

- Health profession education programs, motivated by accreditation requirements, have added IPE activities into their required curricula.

- Curriculum development varies considerably across institutions and debate exists regarding appropriate timing for introducing learners to IPE in order to optimally improve health outcomes.

- Some evidence shows benefit of early learner IPE in professional identity development, interprofessional socialization and positive attitude development toward interprofessional practice.

- At Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), IPE is integrated longitudinally through the curriculum for several of the health professions programs via IPEC courses.

Stress And Wellness Levels In Emergency Medicine Residents And Attendings Compared To Residents And Attendings From Other Specialty Training Programs, Grace Hickam

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Introduction:

Physicians are at high risk for burnout when compared to the general population. Burnout is a constellation of symptoms characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased/low sense of personal accomplishment¹. Burnout affects health, relationships, motivation, and patient outcomes. Elements of emergency medicine (EM) may make EM residents/attendings more vulnerable to stress. Examining physician resilience and finding ways to implement change is essential to improving the culture of residency training. The objective of this study was to compare well-being and stress between EM residents and other residents and to compare EM residents and attendings.

Follow Up: Medical Rhetoric – Making The Case For Oral Presentations, Rabia Qaiser

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Goal: •Oral case presentation skill is fundamental in clinical communication •This skill is first developed in medical school pre-clinical training •Continued development is often by “Trial and Error” – often without a formal curriculum Purpose: Development of a new curriculum designed to acknowledge the importance of this skill development and create a method in building this skill mindfully

Medical Education Board Game: Interactive Learning, Ulysses Davila

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Background:

Researchers have been interested in promoting improved retention of medical knowledge through custom designed board games for a number of years (Bochennek, et al 2007, Karbownik et al, 2016, and Shaw et al 2013). Studies demonstrate at least a subjective medical student desire to continue to develop study methods like board games for routine use in medical education.

Use Of 360-Degree Assessment During Interprofessional Simulation To Enhance Formative Feedback, Kelly Lockeman

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Background: •Effective interprofessional teamwork is essential for quality patient care [1], and within-team feedback improves team performance [2]. •Learners trained to assess peers are more confident and skilled at evaluating others and better prepared to provide meaningful feedback to their colleagues when they enter the workforce [3,4]. •This is particularly important in interprofessional teams where tensions between professional groups can create unique challenges [5].

Implementation Of A Workplace-Based Assessment To Measure Performance Of The Core Entrustable Professional Activities In The Pediatric Clerkship, Clifton Lee

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Background: In 2013, the AAMC convened a panel of medical education experts to delineate the 13 Core Entrustable Professional Activities (Core EPAs) medical school graduates should be able to perform without direct supervision by day one of their residency. 1 Assessment of these EPAs requires direct observation to render entrustment decisions. 2 As part of our engagement in the AAMC Core EPA pilot,3 we created a workplace-based assessment (WBA) system to assist in measurement of student performance for the Core EPAs at the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine.

For the Pediatrics clerkship, we identified 6 Core EPAs to assess …

Prioritizing Urinary Incontinence For Current And Future Healthcare Professionals, Leighton N. Thumm

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Introduction: •Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common syndrome that often goes unreported and undiagnosed •As calls to action from the National Institute on Aging and American Geriatrics Society suggest, the healthcare workforce must work interprofessionally to meet the needs of people with UI •Understanding the challenges of and opportunities for improving continence care in Virginia is a first step •The primary goal of this study was to assess changes in awareness of and confidence in providing interprofessional UI care after participating in an interactive workshop

Go Slow To Move Fast: Best Practices For Engaging Community Leaders In A Transformative Strategic Plan, Logan Vetrovec

Health Sciences Education Symposium

The purpose of this poster is to expose VCU faculty, staff, students and team members to content focused on health equity concepts, related data, and the VCU Health Equity initiative.

• Health inequities exist and are defined by the World Health Organization as “systematic gaps in health outcomes between different groups of people that are judged to be avoidable and therefore are considered unfair and unjust.” Health inequities are exacerbated when socioeconomic factors are not considered as significant influencers of health.
• VCU and the VCU Health System share a vision that all faculty, staff, students and trainees are committed to improving …

Engaging Ideas For Pathology Student Interest Group Meetings, Kimberley Sanford

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Pathology Student Interest Groups (PSIG) are a recruitment tool supported by VCU Department of Pathology to attract medical students into pathology residency. VCU PSIG wanted to increase student attendance and engagement by choosing an off-site venue and employing gamification to increase student interaction with pathology residents and faculty.

Immersion In Physiology Bolsters Bedside Mechanistic Thinking, Rebecca Miller

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Purpose and Background:

• Compression of education and training with other responsibilities into more limited work hours
• Shift towards algorithm-based teaching/practice
• Less time spent in practice of basic science
• Intellectual Curiosity/Mechanistic Thinking less emphasized
• Self-directed learning and intellectual curiosity a primary focus for improvement in 2017

Mission Statement:

Through science experimentation in applied physiology, housestaff will reconnect with basic physiology and apply learned principles to commonly encouraged clinical scenarios.

Housestaff will participate in experiments to stimulate intellectual curiosity among participants and encourage appreciate and incorporation of physiology into their clinical and teaching roles.

Nursing Students Behind Bars, Mary L. Falk

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) School of Nursing and Virginia Commonwealth University Health System (VCUHS) have created a unique partnership in which brand new undergraduate baccalaureate nursing students are completing their first clinical rotation on VCUHS’s Secure Care Unit (SCU). The VCU School of Nursing has had a total of 50 beginner nursing students rotate through a semester long clinical on the SCU over the past three years.

Effect Of Suction Assisted Laryngoscopy Airway Decontamination (Salad) Training On Intubation Quality Metrics, Benjamin Barmaan

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Introduction:

• VCU Health Critical Care Transport Network paramedics and nurses provide emergency scene response and interfacility transport through Virginia
• Pre-hospital RSI is a high-risk procedure employed by these providers
• A quality assurance review of pre-hospital intubations determined issues with suction to be a key area for improvement
• SALAD technique has been shown to improve trainee’s confidence in managing airway of vomiting patient

Association Between Workplace-Based Assessments And Self-Assessment Of Entrustment, Lelia Brinegar

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Purpose:

Optimal implementation of Entrustable Professional Activities (EPA)-based curriculum requires direct observation using workplace-based assessments (WBA) coupled with a longitudinal coaching relationship between learners and faculty. Students should be engaged and considered an active participant in the entrustment decision. As part of our engagement with the AAMC Core EPA pilot, we implemented both a WBA using the Otawa Clinic Assessment Tool (OCAT) and a coaching program for our medical students in 2018-2019. We measured the association between WBAs collected during the clinical clerkships and student self-assessment.

Coaches were selected from currently designated small group advisors and trained on the EPAs …

Cardiac Arrest Simulation: Complementary Approaches For Undergraduate And Graduate Medical Education, Nathan Lewis

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Background:

• Cardiac arrests require critical thinking and leadership skills
• Two simulation models—medical student and resident—were designed to enhance training for cardiac arrest
• Medical students focused on the individual resuscitation components
• Residents focused on team-related tasks

• Enhance the understanding of team roles and dynamics for medical students
• Improve residents’ performance of components of a cardiac arrest simulation

How Does Usmle Step 1 Examination Performance Predict Short-Term Wellness And Perceived Stress?, Nicole Deiorio

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Purpose

Wellbeing and stress are areas of increasing concern in medicine. The three steps of the USMLE exam were originally developed as pass-fail requirements toward MD licensure, but their use has evolved to include eligibility for residency programs. There is increasing student distress around USMLE Step 1 performance, yet little is known about how Step 1 performance immediately impacts wellness. We examined the relationship between step 1 performance with perceived stress and wellbeing. We hypothesized that higher Step 1 scores would correlate with lower subsequent stress and improved wellbeing.

Peer Observations: Enhancing Teaching Behaviors, Carolyn Marcelo

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Purpose and Background:

Academic hospitalists have varying degrees of experience and training on being an effective clinical educator (1,2).Teaching attendings typically receive feedback through learner evaluations, but to provide anonymity to the learner, these evaluations are aggregated and given to the teacher months later, limiting timely improvements. Learners may also lack the framework to give effective feedback on teaching (3). Peer observation with feedback is a solution to the drawbacks of learner evaluation of teaching attendings. The Stanford Faculty Development Program (SFDP) describes seven domains of effective clinical teaching (4) that have been used to create teaching evaluation tools (3,5,6). …

Is There A Relationship Between Profession And Assessment Of Interprofessional Collaboration In Ipe?, Kelly Lockeman

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Purpose: Interprofessional education (IPE) seeks to train students to collaborate across professions, but assessing interprofessional competency is challenging (Blue, 2015). Because faculty variation may be one barrier, this study explores grading patterns to determine whether there is variation between faculty and whether professional differences impact this variation.

Development And Implementation Of A Resident Training Tracking Tool Targeted To Documentation Of Milestone Fulfillment, Caleb King

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Purpose and Background:

Despite adoption of the 2015 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and American Board of Pathology (ABP) Milestones for assessment of resident education, no tool is available to organize longitudinal collection of residency program trainee tracking data relevant to the milestones. With the goal of being able to efficiently and accurately convert resident accomplishment data into milestone scores during biannual resident evaluations, we devised a user-friendly tracking tool to collect, display and map this data to relevant ACGME milestones.

Improving The Confidence Of First-Year Pharmacy Students On Drug-Utilization Review (Dur) Through An Online Choose-Your-Adventure Activity, Apryl N. Anderson

Health Sciences Education Symposium

Drug utilization review (DUR) is an essential pharmacist responsibility to ensure safe, effective medication use. DUR is a systematic review of medications to screen for medication-related problems (MRPs), such as drug interactions, duplications in therapy, inappropriate drug usage, etc.1,2Most pharmacies have computerized systems that alert for drug interactions, however, the systems’ accuracy and specificity vary widely.3 Therefore, pharmacists must use their clinical judgment to make decisions on medication appropriateness.

Previous studies show that innovative active learning activities may be successful in developing student pharmacists’ clinical decision-making skills associated with DURs. Castillo et al utilized “Brown Bag” simulations to improve students’ …