Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Identification Of Novel Regulatory Genes In Apap Induced Hepatocyte Toxicity By A Genome-Wide Crispr-Cas9 Screen., Katherine Shortt, Daniel P. Heruth, Nini Zhang, Weibin Wu, Shipra Singh, Ding-You Li, Li Qin Zhang, Gerald J. Wyckoff, Lei S Qi, Craig A. Friesen, Shui Qing Ye

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Acetaminophen (APAP) is a commonly used analgesic responsible for more than half of acute liver failure cases. Identification of previously unknown genetic risk factors would provide mechanistic insights and novel therapeutic targets for APAP-induced liver injury. This study used a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen to evaluate genes that are protective against, or cause susceptibility to, APAP-induced liver injury. HuH7 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells containing CRISPR-Cas9 gene knockouts were treated with 15 mM APAP for 30 minutes to 4 days. A gene expression profile was developed based on the 1) top screening hits, 2) overlap of expression data from APAP overdose studies, …

Week Of February 4, 2019, New York Medical College

InTouch

• Mary M. Petzke, Ph.D., is Appointed Assistant Dean for Medical Student Research
• SHSP Hosts Seminar on "HRTP: A Public Health Internship Program"

Virus-Specific Memory T Cells Populate Tumors And Can Be Repurposed For Tumor Immunotherapy, Pamela C. Rosato, Sathi Wijeyesinghe, J Michael Stolley, Christine E. Nelson, Rachel Davis, Luke S. Manlove, Christopher A. Pennell, Bruce R. Blazar, Clark C. Chen, Melissa A. Geller, Vaiva Vezys, David Masopust

Faculty Publications

The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment limits the success of current immunotherapies. The host retains memory T cells specific for previous infections throughout the entire body that are capable of executing potent and immediate immunostimulatory functions. Here we show that virus-specific memory T cells extend their surveillance to mouse and human tumors. Reactivating these antiviral T cells can arrest growth of checkpoint blockade-resistant and poorly immunogenic tumors in mice after injecting adjuvant-free non-replicating viral peptides into tumors. Peptide mimics a viral reinfection event to memory CD8+ T cells, triggering antigen presentation and cytotoxic pathways within the tumor, activating dendritic cells and natural …

Project Palmms (Physical Activity Levels And Family Medical Histories): An Undergraduate Sample, Pierre Alexander Leon

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Physical inactivity has garnered significant attention as it is considered an emerging worldwide young adult problem. There is empirical evidence on predictors of low levels of physical activity (PA), such as an individual’s sex and/or socio-economic status. There are also other possible reasons for the decline in PA, such as an individual’s motivations and/or barriers for participation in physical activity and an individual’s understanding of their predisposition to chronic illnesses. This study seeks to identify perceptions of benefits/barriers to PA and motivating factors needed to increase physical activity in college populations. Methods: A survey gathering information on demographics, PA, …

Utilizing The Boston Syncope Observation Management Pathway To Reduce Hospital Admission And Decrease Adverse Outcomes, Oren J. Mechanic, Celine Y. Pascheles, Gregory J. Lopez, Alina M. Winans, Nathan I. Shapiro, Carrie Tibbles, Richard E. Wolfe, Shamai A. Grossman

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

Introduction: In an age of increasing scrutiny of each hospital admission, emergency department (ED) observation has been identified as a low-cost alternative. Prior studies have shown admission rates for syncope in the United States to be as high as 70%. However, the safety and utility of substituting ED observation unit (EDOU) syncope management has not been well studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of EDOU for the management of patients presenting to the ED with syncope and its efficacy in reducing hospital admissions.

Methods: This was a prospective before-and-after cohort study of consecutive patients presenting …

The Effects Of Ocular Dominance On Visual Processing In College Students, William Alexander Holland

James Madison Undergraduate Research Journal (JMURJ)

The role of ocular dominance in processing visual memory and analytic tasks is unknown. Research has variably showed both significant effects and no effect of ocular dominance on visual perception, motor control, and sports performance. The goal of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between ocular dominance and visual processing under a variety of computer gaming tasks. This was accomplished by first determining subjects’ ocular dominance through the Miles test, and then examining the subjects’ visual performance on four different Lumosity games under three conditions: left eye, right eye, and both eyes. Results suggest a relationship …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - February 3, 2019, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the February 3, 2019 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's Newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

USA College of Medicine Establishes New Residency Program in Emergency Medicine

USA Health Hosting Winter Apparel Sale

Register Now: Gulf Coast Acute Care Surgery Symposium

Mark Your Calendar: MAA Doctors' Day Celebration March 28

Dr. Rebecca Sugg Joins Neurology at USA

Second February Med School Café to Feature Dr. Christopher Malozzi

Decoding Attentional State To Faces And Scenes Using Eeg Brainwaves, Reza Abiri, Soheil Borhani, Yang Jiang, Xiaopeng Zhao

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

Attention is the ability to facilitate processing perceptually salient information while blocking the irrelevant information to an ongoing task. For example, visual attention is a complex phenomenon of searching for a target while filtering out competing stimuli. In the present study, we developed a new Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) platform to decode brainwave patterns during sustained attention in a participant. Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) signals using a wireless headset were collected in real time during a visual attention task. In our experimental protocol, we primed participants to discriminate a sequence of composite images. Each image was a fair superimposition of a scene …

Propolis Or Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (Cape) Inhibits Growth And Viability In Multiple Oral Cancer Cell Lines, Wendy Saarem, Fang Wu Yang, Elena Farfel

Dental Medicine Faculty Research

Objective: Propolis is a natural antimicrobial resin from honeybee hives that contains caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), which has anti-proliferative activity against some human cancers, including colon, liver, lung and breast – although limited evidence has evaluated this potential in oral cancers. Based upon this information, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of CAPE against multiple well-characterized oral cancer cell lines. Methods: Using well-characterized oral cancer cell lines (SCC15, SCC25 and CAL27), CAPE was administered at 100 ug/mL to assess any effects on cellular viability or growth over three days. A normal, non-cancerous cell …

Identification And Treatment Of Sepsis In The Field, Jamie Roney

Books, Presentations, Posters, Etc.

No abstract provided.

What Did We Learn About Vads In 2018?, Maya Guglin

The VAD Journal

No abstract provided.

Avoiding Predatory Publishing: The Role Of Librarians In Faculty Education, Ruth Bueter

Himmelfarb Library Faculty Posters and Presentations

Predatory publishing has become an increasing problem in recent years. Due to a lack of awareness about predatory publishers, faculty authors are at risk of harming their reputations by publishing their research in questionable journals. Librarians can play a vital role in educating faculty authors about this important topic. This session will review a variety of outreach and educational efforts that have been successful in educating faculty about the risks of predatory publishing at Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library including the creation of a comprehensive LibGuide, faculty consultation services, workshops, and social media posts. Future opportunities for outreach will also be …

Adding Meaning To Physical Fitness Test Results In Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities, Thessa Hilgenkamp, Alyt Oppewal

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

Purpose:Evaluating physical fitness in individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) is challenging, and a multitude of different versions of tests exist. However, psychometric properties of these tests are mostly unknown, and both researchers as clinical practitioners struggle with selecting appropriate tests for indi- viduals with ID. We aim to present a selection of field tests with satisfactory feasibility, reliability, and val- idity, and of which reference data are available. Methods:Tests were selected based on (1) literature review on psychometric properties, (2) expert meet- ings with physiotherapists and movement experts, (3) studies on population specific psychometric proper- ties, and (3) availability of …

A Qualitative Metasynthesis Of Published Research Exploring The Pregnancy And Resettlement Experience Among Refugee Women, Diana M. Kingsbury, Sheryl L. Chatfield

The Qualitative Report

The number of refugees and asylum seekers throughout the world continues to increase, leading to increasing challenges in meeting healthcare needs of these individuals. Women’s antenatal health is of particular concern due to their vulnerability to sexual violence and the substantial proportion of refugees consisting of women and girls of or nearing reproductive age. The purpose of this qualitative metasynthesis was to integrate and interpret findings from previously published research reports in which authors explored aspects of pregnancy among resettled refugee women. Following a systematic search process, we used Dedoose qualitative data analysis software to manage the process of extracting …

Implementation Of A Cardiac Transitions Of Care Pilot Program: A Prospective Study Of Inpatient And Outpatient Clinical Pharmacy Services For Patients With Heart Failure Exacerbation Or Acute Myocardial Infarction, Julie A. Murphy, Michelle N. Schroeder, Rachel E. Rarus, Idris Yakubu, Sean O. P. Mckee, Steven J. Martin

Pharmacy Faculty Scholarship

Background:: Pharmacists may assist with reducing 30-day readmission rates for patients with heart failure (HF) exacerbation or acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by promoting medication adherence.

Objective:: To determine the change in 30-day readmission rates for patients with HF exacerbation or AMI after implementation of a "high-touch" standard of care.

Methods:: Patients admitted with HF exacerbation, non-ST-segment elevation AMI, or ST-segment elevation AMI from August 1, 2013, to June 30, 2015, were included in this prospective study. Patients were educated while in the inpatient setting and followed up in the outpatient setting through telephone contact and scheduling a medication therapy management …

Effectiveness Of Pulmonary Interventions (Pi) On Health-Related Quality Of Life (Hrql) And Clinical Outcomes (Co) Among Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd) Patients., Flavia Castelino

Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Barefoot Training In The Rehabilitation Of Stage Ii Posterior Tibialis Tendon Dysfunction: A Case Report, Matthew Heindel

Case Report Papers

Background and Purpose: This case report explored the inclusion of barefoot training with intrinsic foot musculature strengthening a patient with stage II posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction (PTTD). Barefoot training and intrinsic musculature strengthening have been effective interventions for other ailments but have yet to be included in rehabilitating PTTD. Therefore, the purpose of this case report was to examine barefoot training with foot intrinsic musculature strengthening within a comprehensive physical therapy (PT) plan of care (POC) for stage II PTTD. Case Description: The patient was a 39-year-old male who presented with stage II PTTD. His goal was to run without …

2020 Apta Combined Sections Meeting Scientific Poster Presentation: How Well Do Clinical Walking Measures Predict Natural Walking Behavior In Parkinson Disease?, James T. Cavanaugh, Cristina Colon-Semenza, Tami Deangelis, Ryan P. Duncan, Daniel Fulford, Martha Hessler, Michael Lavalley, Timothy Nordhal, Lisa Quintiliani, Kerri S. Rawson, Marie Saint-Hilaire, Cathi A. Thomas, Jenna A. Zajac, Gammon M. Earhart, Terry D. Ellis

Physical Therapy Faculty Posters

Declines in the amount and intensity of natural walking behavior in people with Parkinson disease (PD) may precede declines in motor behavior, gait, and balance. Physical interventions targeting walking behavior in PD may have the greatest impact on slowing the progression of disability. Despite a lack of supporting evidence, however, clinicians may be more likely to rely on quick performance measures of walking speed, capacity, and balance to make inferences about a patient’s walking health, rather than direct measures of natural walking behavior. Our primary purpose, therefore, was to examine the extent to which clinical walking measures might predict natural …

The Intentional Fieldwork Educator: Applying The Intentional Fieldwork Education Model (Ifwem), E. Joy Crawford, Nadine Hanner

Occupational Therapy Collection

This presentation introduces the Intentional Fieldwork Education Model (IFWEM). This model emphasizes intentional teaching and the application of the occupational therapy lens in the clinical education process. The IFWEM incorporates the frameworks of "Transformational Learning Theory" (Canton & Taylor, 2012), "Experiential Learning Theory" (Lisko & O’dell, 2010), and "Pedandragogy" (Samaroo, Cooper & Green, 2013) to improve the effectiveness of teaching-learning during the fieldwork experience through intentional engagement. The creation of intentional learning experiences, student assimilation into the clinic culture, and modification and pacing of learning during the clinical education process are discussed. In addition, the impact of collaborative relationships, effective …

Opioid-Related Outcomes In West Virginia, 2008-2016, Sara Warfield, Robin Pollini, Cara M. Stokes, Rob Bossarte

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Objectives. To examine opioid-related outcomes by using hospitalization and mortality data as an indicator of the current opioid crisis in West Virginia. Methods. We used data from the West Virginia University Medicine health care system to examine the trend in opioid overdoses and percentage of patients with a repeat overdose from 2008 to 2016. We obtained the opioid overdose death rate for the state from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention WONDER (Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research) mortality data for 2008 to 2016. Results. The hospitalization rate for opioid overdoses increased (13%) on average each year in a similar …

Association Between Breastfeeding And Childhood Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, Amna Umer, Candice Hamilton, Roger A. Edwards, Lesley Cottrell, Peter Giacobbi Jr., Kim Innes, Collin John, George A. Kelley, William Neal, Christa Lilly

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Introduction The immediate benefits of breastfeeding are well-established but the long-term health benefits are less wellknown. West Virginia (WV) has a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and lower breastfeeding rates compared to national averages. There is a paucity of research examining the relationship between breastfeeding and subsequent childhood CVD risk factors, an issue of particular relevance in WV. Methods This study used longitudinally linked data from three cross-sectional datasets in WV (N=11,980). The information on breastfeeding was obtained retrospectively via parental recall when the child was in the fifth grade. The outcome variables included blood pressure measures [systolic blood …

Student Perspectives On Oncology Curricula At United States Medical Schools, Brandon C. Neeley, Daniel W. Golden, Jeffrey V. Brower, Steve E. Braunstein, Ariel E. Hirsch, Malcolm D. Mattes

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Delivering a cohesive oncology curriculum to medical students is challenging due to oncology’s multidisciplinary nature, predominantly outpatient clinical setting, and lack of data describing effective approaches to teaching it. We sought to better characterize approaches to oncology education at US medical schools by surveying third and fourth year medical students who serve on their institution’s curriculum committee. We received responses from students at 19 schools (15.2% response rate). Key findings included the following: (1) an under-emphasis of cancer in the curriculum relative to other common diseases; (2) imbalanced involvement of different clinical subspecialists as educators; (3) infrequent requirements for students …

An Exploratory Study On The Intergenerational Transmission Of Obesity And Dieting Proneness, Elizabeth A. Claydon, Keith J. Zullig, Christa L. Lilly, Stephanie C. Zerwas, Danielle M. Davidov, Lesley Cottrell, Marney A. White

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Purpose There is a paucity of research exploring individuals’ memories of parental dieting behavior, engagement in “fat talk”, or criticism of weight or eating behavior in childhood. This exploratory study utilized a community sample to further characterize the retrospective report of parenting dieting behavior. Methods A total of 507 participants (78.1% females; 20.7% males; and 1.2% transgender) were recruited to participate in an online, self-administered survey. Results Forty percent (216) of participants reported maternal dieting in their family of origin and 34% (182) reported maternal fat talk, 24% (120) reported paternal dieting, and 11% recalled paternal ‘fat talk’ (58). Subgroup …

Shifts In Leukocyte Counts Drive The Differential Expression Of Transcriptional Stroke Biomarkers In Whole Blood, Grant C. O'Connell, Madison B. Treadway, Connie S. Tennant, Noelle Lucke-Wold, Paul D. Chantler, Taura L. Barr

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Our group recently identified a panel of ten genes whose RNA expression levels in whole blood have utility for detection of stroke. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanisms by which these genes become differentially expressed during stroke pathology. First, we assessed the transcriptional distribution of the ten genes across the peripheral immune system by measuring their expression levels on isolated neutrophils, monocytes, B-lymphocytes, CD-4+ T-lymphocytes, CD-8+ T-lymphocytes, and NK-cells generated from the blood of healthy donors (n = 3). Then, we examined the relationship between the whole-blood expression levels of the ten genes and white blood …

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Is Transmissible In Vitro Between Cells Of The Central Nervous System, Neil T. Sprenkle, Anirudhya Lahiri, James W. Simpkins, Gordon P. Meares

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Improper protein folding and trafficking are common pathological events in neurodegenerative diseases that result in the toxic accumulation of misfolded proteins within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). While low‐level stimulation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) is protective, sustained UPR activation resulting from prolonged ER stress can promote neurotoxicity. The cell‐autonomous mechanisms of the UPR have been extensively characterized. However, the cell‐extrinsic role of the UPR under physiological and pathological states in the CNS remains to be elucidated. To begin to address this, we evaluated if transferring conditioned media between ER‐stressed astrocytes and neurons could modulate their functional …

Cocreating With Stakeholders Through Participatory Curriculum Development, University Of Montana Rural Institute

Health and Wellness

Participatory curriculum development (PCD) is an approach to forming a working relationship between researchers and decisionmakers. The purpose of this relationship is to work together to create products that benefit the people who use them. During the PCD process, the researchers receive feedback from the decisionmakers, or stakeholders, about how the products work and any changes that could be made to improve them. This approach is called integrated knowledge translation.

Triennial Scientific Review: Assisting Drowning Victims: Effective Water Rescue Equipment For Lay-Responders, Angela K. Beale-Tawfeeq

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

The original question addressed in the scientific review was What is the most effective piece of rescue equipment for a lay responder to throw to a person in trouble in water? and the modified question was rephrased as What are the most effective types of aquatic rescue equipment for a layperson/bystander to use to rescue a drowning person? To thoroughly analyze the main question, the following sub-questions were examined: What are the most accurate and buoyant types of devices? What specific equipment is best for quick rescues? What specific equipment can be grasped most easily by drowning victims? This …

February 2019, Sarah Yount

Wellness Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Effect Of Patient To Provider Language Discordance On Depression Screening Utilizing The Patient Health Questionnaire: An Epidemiology Study., Luis A. Murillo, Georgi Alex Grekoff, John C. Sheffield

Reading Hospital Family Medicine Residency

Background: As depression screening becomes a standard in primary care, the question remains of how effective and equitable screening can be implemented to avoid cultural and language-related disparities.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, rates of depression screening were compared for 3626 adult patients at a family medicine residency-based health centre in Pennsylvania, USA. The PHQ-2/PHQ-9 modality was verbally administered by nursing staff at the time of patient intake as part of a universal screening initiative. Chi-square analysis was used to determine the univariate associations of performed depression screening with variables of language, ethnicity, gender and number of office visits. …

Himmelfarb Headlines - February/March 2019, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Headlines (2009 - present)

News and information about Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library of interest to users.