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Medicine and Health Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2018

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Articles 9781 - 9810 of 15442

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Posttraumatic Radioulnar Synostosis In A 63-Year-Old Man With Isolated, Non-Displaced Ulna Shaft Fracture: A Case Report, Audrey A. Rich, Deaba M. Mercer Jan 2018

Posttraumatic Radioulnar Synostosis In A 63-Year-Old Man With Isolated, Non-Displaced Ulna Shaft Fracture: A Case Report, Audrey A. Rich, Deaba M. Mercer

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Radioulnar synostosis in adults is a rare pathological fusion of the two forearm bones. When seen in adults, it is an uncommon complication after a minimally displaced ulnar fracture. We describe a 63-year-old man who presented with radioulnar synostosis after closed treatment of a left ulna midshaft fracture sustained 7 months earlier. At 10 weeks after presentation, the patient underwent radioulnar synostosis excision with nonsteroidal adjuvant therapy. At 18 months postoperatively, no pain was noted, with complete degree of flexion. Healthcare professionals should consider treating radioulnar synostosis with an operative excision in adults as initial management when forearm pronosupination is …


Radiographic Features And Remodeling Of Proximal Radius Osteomyelitis In A 14-Month-Old Child With Long-Term Follow-Up: A Case Report, Christopher L. Shultz, Deana M. Mercer Jan 2018

Radiographic Features And Remodeling Of Proximal Radius Osteomyelitis In A 14-Month-Old Child With Long-Term Follow-Up: A Case Report, Christopher L. Shultz, Deana M. Mercer

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Pediatric primary hematogenous osteomyelitis is uncommon. Studies have been mainly small case series with limited clinical and radiographic followup. We present a child with primary hematogenous osteomyelitis and osteolysis of the proximal radius. Inflammatory laboratory values were normal, and blood and elbow aspirate cultures were negative for osteomyelitis. Diagnosis was made by findings of magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous antibiotics. At 4-year follow-up, she had normal range of motion and near symmetric proximal radial morphological features radiographically. To our knowledge, this is the most long-term radiographic follow-up of a patient with spontaneous osteomyelitis. The reported …


Open Reduction And Internal Fixation For Treating Pertrochanteric Femoral Fracture Below A Hip-Resurfacing Implant In A 65-Year-Old Man: A Case Report, Alex Telis, Christopher R. Hanosh Jan 2018

Open Reduction And Internal Fixation For Treating Pertrochanteric Femoral Fracture Below A Hip-Resurfacing Implant In A 65-Year-Old Man: A Case Report, Alex Telis, Christopher R. Hanosh

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Periprosthetic proximal and pertrochanteric femur fractures around a well fixed hip resurfacing implant present a challenge to orthopaedic surgeons, as they do not allow the most biomechanically favorable fixation constructs in patients with otherwise highdemand levels of physical activity. A 65-year-old man hit a tree while skiing. He presented to our emergency department with a right-sided pertrochanteric fracture of the proximal femur beneath an implant used in prior hip resurfacing. The patient underwent open reduction and internal fixation with intraoperative fluoroscopyassisted manipulation to ensure fixation of the hip resurfacing. At 6-week follow-up, a slight varus collapse at the fracture was …


Recurrent Trigger Finger In The Early Postoperative Period: A Case Report, Kavita T. Vakharia, Moheb S. Moneim Jan 2018

Recurrent Trigger Finger In The Early Postoperative Period: A Case Report, Kavita T. Vakharia, Moheb S. Moneim

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Postoperative complications of trigger finger, a type of tendon entrapment, are low, and there is little information regarding evaluation after a complication occurs. Recurrent trigger finger is a rare occurrence, but often requires additional procedures to relieve symptoms. Here we present a case of recurrent trigger finger in the immediate postoperative period after the patient developed a cyst distal to the A1 pulley and synovitis. The first procedure demonstrated a thickened and tight A1 pulley as well as synovitis around the tendon. The patient developed continued clicking and trigger symptoms distal to the A1 pulley at the level of the …


Delayed Below-Knee Amputation For Treating Open Pantalar Dislocation With Extruded Talus: A Case Report, Jory Wasserburger, Andrew W. Parsons, Jessica C. Mcmichael, Richard A. Miller Jan 2018

Delayed Below-Knee Amputation For Treating Open Pantalar Dislocation With Extruded Talus: A Case Report, Jory Wasserburger, Andrew W. Parsons, Jessica C. Mcmichael, Richard A. Miller

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Pantalar dislocation occurs when the talus is dislocated from the ankle, subtalar, and talonavicular joints. An extruded talus is seen when the talus protrudes out of an open wound with little or no soft-tissue attachment. We describe a 62-year-old man who underwent debridement and irrigation for treatment of a pantalar dislocation with an extruded talus. About 1 year postoperatively, he underwent a below-knee amputation. This case highlights the difficulties and complications associated with this injury.


Orthopaedic-Based Treatment Of Laurin- Sandrow Syndrome In A 13-Month-Old Child: A Case Report, Marcella R. Woiczik, John C. Carey, David M. Bennett, Brielle Payne Plost Jan 2018

Orthopaedic-Based Treatment Of Laurin- Sandrow Syndrome In A 13-Month-Old Child: A Case Report, Marcella R. Woiczik, John C. Carey, David M. Bennett, Brielle Payne Plost

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Laurin-Sandrow syndrome (LSS) is a rare condition with only a few published cases in studies. This syndrome, originally described by Laurin in 1964 and again by Sandrow in 1970, can involve digit duplication with mirror hand and foot deformity, ulnar and tibial dimelia, and abnormalities of the knee, ankle, and nasal passages. A 7-month-old male infant presented to our clinic with limited function of his hands and feet due to multiple abnormalities. Results of clinical and radiographic examinations were suggestive of LSS, confirmed by a geneticist. Amputations through the knees, reconstructive pollicization of the right hand, and surgical removal of …


Acute Gluteus Medius And Minimus Intramuscular Tear In A 59-Year-Old Half-Marathon Runner: A Case Report, Claire E. Zeorlin, Eric R. Reynolds, Dustin L. Richter, Christopher A. Mcgrew Jan 2018

Acute Gluteus Medius And Minimus Intramuscular Tear In A 59-Year-Old Half-Marathon Runner: A Case Report, Claire E. Zeorlin, Eric R. Reynolds, Dustin L. Richter, Christopher A. Mcgrew

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Acute gluteus medius and minimus tears are an infrequent and possibly underdiagnosed cause of lateral hip pain. When reported, they most commonly occur at the distal tendinous attachment at the insertion on the greater trochanter or at the musculotendinous junction. It is rare for muscle belly or proximal muscle tears to occur. They are more prevalent in the setting of degenerative joint disease, but cases have also been described in previously healthy athletes without preexisting joint or muscle disease. We describe a 59-year-old man who developed considerable pain and swelling on the left side of the hip during a halfmarathon …


Hosting Two Programs Of The Perry Initiative In Albuquerque: Inspiring New Generations Of Women Engineers And Orthopaedists, Sahar Freedman, Deana M. Mercer, Christina Salas Jan 2018

Hosting Two Programs Of The Perry Initiative In Albuquerque: Inspiring New Generations Of Women Engineers And Orthopaedists, Sahar Freedman, Deana M. Mercer, Christina Salas

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

No abstract provided.


An Educational Intervention To Raise The Awareness Of Limited Health Literacy And The Need To Utilize Recommended Strategies And Interventions Among Healthcare Clinicians In A Program Of All-Inclusive Care For The Elderly Setting, Esther Carpenter Jan 2018

An Educational Intervention To Raise The Awareness Of Limited Health Literacy And The Need To Utilize Recommended Strategies And Interventions Among Healthcare Clinicians In A Program Of All-Inclusive Care For The Elderly Setting, Esther Carpenter

Doctoral Dissertations and Scholarly Projects

Health literacy is a complex, common, and challenging issue facing the United States and the world today. Occurring in the context of care delivery and significantly impacting the quality of care provided, health literacy is not simply a patient problem; but places a substantial burden on healthcare clinicians to ensure they are providing clear communication. Research suggests a lack of awareness and training among healthcare clinicians related to health literacy, resulting in clinicians being unaware of and unprepared to address this issue in practice. The purpose of this evidence-based practice project was to raise the awareness of limited health literacy …


Chart Audit And Educational Provider Feedback Intervention To Improve Appropriate Use Of Spirometry In Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Ruth Demetros Jan 2018

Chart Audit And Educational Provider Feedback Intervention To Improve Appropriate Use Of Spirometry In Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Ruth Demetros

Doctoral Dissertations and Scholarly Projects

Despite being a GOLD guideline and having documented benefits, confirming a COPD diagnosis with spirometry is not routinely done. The purpose of this project was to increase patient referrals for spirometry to confirm COPD diagnosis. A quasi-experimental design was incorporated in a primary care office. A retrospective pre-intervention chart audit and two post-chart audits, 30-days apart, compared the frequency of documented spirometry to confirm a COPD diagnosis. An educational intervention with a pre and post-survey examined provider behavior intention to order spirometry to confirm a COPD diagnosis. The pre-chart audit revealed that 27/50 (54%) of patients had spirometry documented to …


The Impact Of An Educational Intervention To Enhance Self-Management In Type 2 Diabetes Patients, Demetria Bates Jan 2018

The Impact Of An Educational Intervention To Enhance Self-Management In Type 2 Diabetes Patients, Demetria Bates

Doctoral Dissertations and Scholarly Projects

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic health condition that requires patients to be engaged in their health care. Knowledge of the disease and self-management skills are key components to improving health and outcomes in diabetes patients. Due to the lack of self-management skills, diabetes patients are at risk for diabetes-related health complications. Hemoglobin A1c is a measure that demonstrates the average blood glucose level, which is an indicator of diabetes control. Medical treatments and education are continuously improving and readily for type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this project was to enhance knowledge and self-management skills among chronic care …


Evaluating Impedance Monitoring To Reduce Hospital Readmissions For Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: An Integrative Review, Abigail Newton Jan 2018

Evaluating Impedance Monitoring To Reduce Hospital Readmissions For Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: An Integrative Review, Abigail Newton

Doctoral Dissertations and Scholarly Projects

Congestive Heart Failure (HF) is a chronic progressive cardiac disorder with high mortality rates and is the number one reason for hospital readmission in the United States. More than 5 million Americans live with HF with more than 900,000 new diagnoses annually. The likelihood of developing HF increases with age making it the most common primary diagnosis for patients over age 65. HF has a significant impact on quality of life, with depression being a common comorbid condition. Thoracic impedance monitoring has shown to reduce exacerbations and hospitalizations in patients with HF. This project evaluated the literature related to impedance …


Enhanced Depression Screening In The Cardiac Rehabilitation Setting An Evidence-Based Project, Heidi Winslow Jan 2018

Enhanced Depression Screening In The Cardiac Rehabilitation Setting An Evidence-Based Project, Heidi Winslow

Doctoral Dissertations and Scholarly Projects

Depression is common amongst patients with cardiovascular disease. This evidence-based project was designed to evaluate the impact of a practice improvement intervention for screening and referrals in cardiac patients with depression. The American Heart Association Advisory Council recommends depression screening, treatment, and support to provide adequate diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up to patients. Cardiacrehabilitation (CR) is a coordinated effort of structured treatments with physical, mental, and social components, to favorably influence cardiac healing and resume optimal functioning. The problem is current depression screening and referrals are not being documented electronically in the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) setting limiting real-time communication amongst the …


2016-2018 Readiness For Interprofessional Learnings Scale (Ripls) Pre-Test And Post-Test Survey Results, Eva Williams Ms, Hector Rivera Md, Carmen Presti Dnp, Gauri Agarwal Md Jan 2018

2016-2018 Readiness For Interprofessional Learnings Scale (Ripls) Pre-Test And Post-Test Survey Results, Eva Williams Ms, Hector Rivera Md, Carmen Presti Dnp, Gauri Agarwal Md

Miller School Supplementary Data and Tools

This dataset contains the results of a Readiness for Interprofessional Learnings Scale (RIPLS) pre-test and post-test that was administered in association with a health professions course in inter-professional education (IPE). Between 2016 and 2018, 251 surveys were collected from medical and nursing students at the University of Miami who participated in a one-day course on inter-professional education. All 251 participant surveys were entered into the data file. 245 surveys were complete and used in the study analysis. The survey is comprised of demographic questions, followed by 19 pre-test and 19 post-test questions assessing student perceptions of IPE. The excel spreadsheet …


The Effect Of Training And Recognition On Nursing Assistant Retention In Acute Care Settings, Rachael Austin Swann Jan 2018

The Effect Of Training And Recognition On Nursing Assistant Retention In Acute Care Settings, Rachael Austin Swann

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

Nursing assistants are being hired in acute care settings to alleviate staffing issues associated with the nursing shortage. This has been a great economical solution to ensure adequate staff because of the large number of trained individuals in this vocation. Turnover and retention with nursing assistants in all settings including acute care is an expensive and reoccurring problem. Although several strategies have been implemented to prevent this, few provide a sustainable positive outcome. This situation requires an approach to look at the causes of turnover and provide interventions to reverse the negative impact. The intent of this research looked at …


Are Thermodynamic Principles Important To Teach In Pharmacy Education?, A. Al-Achi Jan 2018

Are Thermodynamic Principles Important To Teach In Pharmacy Education?, A. Al-Achi

Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.


Exploring Evolutionary Medicine Through 19Th Century Medical Collections: Applications In Archival Studies, Taylor Sturgill Jan 2018

Exploring Evolutionary Medicine Through 19Th Century Medical Collections: Applications In Archival Studies, Taylor Sturgill

Special Collections Research Center Learning Lab Student Research

Evolution has been a paradox in the field of science, but, the study of evolutionary medicine applies both the evolutionary game theory and medicine. This study was conducted to explore evolution by analyzing two 19th century collections of medical formulations and prescriptions while compared to the trend of public health and pathogenic mechanisms. Analysis of organic structure in historical prescriptions, descriptive epidemiology in Kentucky, and the idea of the germ theory will be used explicitly to show the evolutionary change of health and disease. Results of this study provided an outlook on ingredients that stimulate the body as a whole …


Child Care Teachers’ Knowledge Of Fun Physical Activities And Healthy Food Choices For Pre-School Children, Elizabeth Gwyn Jan 2018

Child Care Teachers’ Knowledge Of Fun Physical Activities And Healthy Food Choices For Pre-School Children, Elizabeth Gwyn

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

The focus of this project was to explore child-care teachers’ knowledge of fun physical activities and healthy food choice activities for preschool children. A four-week educational session was implemented in a rural child-care center. The intervention provided education in relationship to the implementation of fun physical activities and healthy food choice activities for child-care teachers during preschoolers structured playtime. The Child Care Teachers’ Knowledge Evaluation (CCTKE) tool developed by the doctoral student was used to collect responses from participants before and after the intervention. The participants’ data was analyzed using a t-test. There were no statistically significant differences between the …


Validation Of Modified Functional Movement Screen (Mfms) In Ncaa Diii Female Soccer Players, Tiffany Widseth Jan 2018

Validation Of Modified Functional Movement Screen (Mfms) In Ncaa Diii Female Soccer Players, Tiffany Widseth

All Zyzzogeton Presentations

Background: The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is comprised of seven tests to identify compensatory movement patterns that may increase injury risk and reduce performance. A modified FMS (MFMS) was created by Augsburg Athletic Trainers to improve screening efficiency and includes three original FMS tests: shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise, trunk stability pushup, and a newly added test; the vertical drop jump (VDJ), all scored on a simplified 0-2 scale. Objective: This study aimed to validate the MFMS for DIII female soccer players. Methods: Sixteen NCAA DIII soccer players and twenty non-athlete controls were recruited and completed two trials of …


Anxiety Reduction Among Washington County Jail Inmates: A Community Service Project, Tyler J. Back, Laura Bakke, Daniel Cuppy Jan 2018

Anxiety Reduction Among Washington County Jail Inmates: A Community Service Project, Tyler J. Back, Laura Bakke, Daniel Cuppy

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The general principle of anxiety has been thoroughly studied in many populations and shown to have variable underlying etiology, partially related to abnormalities in brain chemistry as well as unfamiliar or uncomfortable social situations. The role of environmental factors pertaining to anxiety is the particular interest of this community service project, to which the research team and the staff of the Washington County Jail have focused the efforts of this community service project in improving and reducing anxiety levels among Washington County Jail inmates.The research team and the staff of the Washington County Jail identified the use of pharmacologic agents …


Menstrual Cycle As A Vital Sign, Lauren Elizabeth Bennett, Lisa M. Brown Jan 2018

Menstrual Cycle As A Vital Sign, Lauren Elizabeth Bennett, Lisa M. Brown

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine and explore which factors affect the menstrual cycle and how the menstrual cycle has a significant health impact on women’s lives. Theoretical framework: Dorothea Orem, with the Orem Model of Nursing is patient driven. Orem’s beliefs are based on promoting life processes, modes of functioning within health and disease, growth and development, and movement within space. Learning about menstrual cycles and fertility, achieving or preventing pregnancy, delivering a baby, and becoming a mother are all comprised of multiple journeys that are intertwined within one another in women’s health. Research articles: Twenty-two …


The Prevalence Of Cigarette Smoking Among Registered Nurses And Certified Nursing Assistants, Ana R. Brown, Taylor Paulson, Kathryn A. Peterson Jan 2018

The Prevalence Of Cigarette Smoking Among Registered Nurses And Certified Nursing Assistants, Ana R. Brown, Taylor Paulson, Kathryn A. Peterson

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cigarette smoking is a dangerous addiction that affects over 45 million Americans. Smoking has been proven to cause a variety of diseases that result in about 480,000 U. S. deaths per year. Healthcare workers have the ability and responsibility to assist patients in smoking cessation; however, a significant number of healthcare workers also participate in cigarette smoking. Studies have shown that healthcare workers with higher levels of education are less likely to smoke; physicians are less likely to smoke than registered nurses, who are less likely to smoke than licensed practical nurses. There is a lack of research done on …


Physician Assisted Suicide: Attitudes Of The Minnesota General Population, Jennifer M. Bretscher, Tammy J. Estrem Jan 2018

Physician Assisted Suicide: Attitudes Of The Minnesota General Population, Jennifer M. Bretscher, Tammy J. Estrem

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Having the choice to hasten death via physician assisted suicide (PAS) is becoming increasingly more popular in the United States. The majority of states do not yet have laws that legalize PAS, but many, including Minnesota, are currently entertaining legislation to allow PAS as an end-of-life option if a person is over the age of 18 and has a terminal illness with only six months to live. To date, little research has been done to evaluate the attitudes about PAS in the Minnesota general population. The goal of this study was to determine whether demographics, namely, age, gender, educational level, …


Personal Health Habits Of Pas And The Effect These Habits Have On Preventive Health Counseling Practices, Emily A. Carstens, Megan L. Englund Jan 2018

Personal Health Habits Of Pas And The Effect These Habits Have On Preventive Health Counseling Practices, Emily A. Carstens, Megan L. Englund

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Chronic disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. The burden of chronic disease can be largely prevented by following a healthy lifestyle. Individuals often receive their knowledge about preventive health recommendations from their primary care provider, and healthcare providers are more likely to counsel patients about the healthful behaviors they themselves practice. This study utilized a survey distributed to the Wisconsin Academy of Physician Assistants to assess the personal health habits of physician assistants and the effect personal health has on preventive health counseling practices. A personal health score and counseling score were calculated …


Identifying Barriers To Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive Usage Among Adolescents, Emily Kathleen Davis, Viktoryia Petrusevich Jan 2018

Identifying Barriers To Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive Usage Among Adolescents, Emily Kathleen Davis, Viktoryia Petrusevich

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Although LARC methods including IUDs and implants are highly effective in preventing pregnancies and both the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend it for adolescents as a first-line choice given their efficacy, safety, and ease of use, its utilization by sexually active adolescents remains low. The purpose of this critical literature review was to identify what barriers to LARC impact utilization and continuation rates among adolescents and young women.


A Community Outreach Project Assisting Evergreen Elementary School With Students’ Nutritional Needs, Robin C. Erickson, Nicole Roach, Megan Smith Jan 2018

A Community Outreach Project Assisting Evergreen Elementary School With Students’ Nutritional Needs, Robin C. Erickson, Nicole Roach, Megan Smith

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Nine months out of the year, students within the United States attend elementary school to be educated on English, mathematics, history, and other topics. The Anoka- Hennepin School District’s philosophy of an elementary education highlights many important factors for success in school but neglects to highlight nutrition as one of the factors. The purpose of our community outreach project is aimed at reducing the stress of hunger for the students at Evergreen Elementary School (EES) by implementing a food drive. Through the food drive, the project team members were able to collect various donations including food, clothing items, and hygiene …


Culturally Appropriate Breastfeeding Education For African American Mothers, Alicia Marie Freppert Jan 2018

Culturally Appropriate Breastfeeding Education For African American Mothers, Alicia Marie Freppert

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is globally recognized as the best possible source of nutrition for infants due to breastmilk’s extensive health benefits. Significant disparities in breastfeeding initiation and duration exist among demographic groups in the United States, with African American breastfeeding initiation rates being significantly lower than any other race. Purpose: The purpose of this critical review of the literature is to explore the impact of providing culturally appropriate breastfeeding education interventions on the rate of exclusive breastfeeding among African American mothers with children 0 to12 months of age. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical frameworks utilized to guide this systematic review of …


Barriers To Preventive Care For The Immigrant Population In Minnesota, Andrew Kenneth Gernand, Dustin Wayne Kingsley, Daleso Yadetta Jan 2018

Barriers To Preventive Care For The Immigrant Population In Minnesota, Andrew Kenneth Gernand, Dustin Wayne Kingsley, Daleso Yadetta

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Immigrants in Minnesota face several barriers regarding access and use of preventive healthcare services. Current literature indicates a high area of need exists within the immigrant population for the prevention of chronic illness. Language, health literacy, cultural norms, and citizenship all play a role in limiting the use of preventive care. As the number of elderly immigrants increases and the overall immigrant population steadily rises in the United States, it is in the best interest of patients and providers to prevent or reduce the burden of long term diseases like diabetes, cancer, and hypertension. Knowing that barriers are present within …


Examining The Effects Of Caffeine, Sleep And Exercise On The Academic Performance Of Pa Students, Saira Haq, Katelyn M. Walsh Jan 2018

Examining The Effects Of Caffeine, Sleep And Exercise On The Academic Performance Of Pa Students, Saira Haq, Katelyn M. Walsh

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Caffeine is the most widely consumed stimulant drug in the world and is consumed by nearly ninety percent of North Americans (Mednick, Cai, Kanady, & Drummond, 2008). Since caffeine is a highly consumed drug amongst a wide variety of demographics, it is important to consider the ramifications of caffeine on a person’s general well-being. In recent years, there has also been an increasing correlation between the number of individuals consuming caffeine and the rise of insufficient sleep (Mednick et al., 2008). Due to the high demands and stresses of college and graduate school, it is not surprising that many students …


Factors Influencing Provider Antibiotic Prescribing Behaviors: A Qualitative Study, Patrick Kevin Hayden, Emily Palmer Jan 2018

Factors Influencing Provider Antibiotic Prescribing Behaviors: A Qualitative Study, Patrick Kevin Hayden, Emily Palmer

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The prevalence of antibiotic resistance has grown steadily over the past few decades. Hundreds of thousands of people are dying each year due to the unavailability of previously effective antibiotic regimens. A major influence in the continued progression of this resistance can be attributed to the overuse and inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics. This study explored the factors that influence medical providers to use or prescribe antibiotics in situations when they are not indicated. The study was conducted through a semi-structured interview to providers from Minnesota and Wisconsin who work or have previously worked in urgent cares or emergency rooms. Providers …