Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Suicide And Deliberate Self-Harm In Pakistan: A Scoping Review, Sualeha S. Shekhani, Shagufta Perveen, Dur-E-Sameen Hashmi, Khawaja Akbar, Sara Bachani, Murad M. Khan Dr.

Department of Psychiatry

Background: Suicide is a major global public health problem with more than 800,000 incidents worldwide annually. Seventy-five percent of the global suicides occur in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Pakistan is a LMIC where information on suicidal behavior is limited. The aim of the review is to map available literature on determinants, risk factors and other variables of suicidal behavior in Pakistan.
Method: This study was based on Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework of scoping review, combining peer reviewed publications with grey literature. Ten databases including Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA), Cochrane Trials Register (CRG), Cumulative Index to …

Relationship Between The Dimerization Of Thyroglobulin And Its Ability To Form Triiodothyronine, Cintia E. Citterio, Yoshiaki Morishita, Nada Dakka, Balaji Veluswamy, Peter Arvan

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Thyroglobulin (TG) is the most abundant thyroid gland protein, a dimeric iodoglycoprotein (660 kDa). TG serves as the protein precursor in the synthesis of thyroid hormones tetraiodothyronine (T₄) and triiodothyronine (T₃). The primary site for T₃ synthesis in TG involves an iodotyrosine acceptor at the antepenultimate Tyr residue (at the extreme carboxyl terminus of the protein). The carboxyl-terminal region of TG comprises a cholinesterase-like (ChEL) domain followed by a short unique tail sequence. Despite many studies, the monoiodotyrosine donor residue needed for the coupling reaction to create T₃ at this evolutionarily conserved …

Dietary Inflammatory Index And Cardiovascular Risk And Mortality—A Meta-Analysis, Nitin Shivappa, Justyna Godos, James R. Hébert, Michael Wirth, Gabriele Piuri, Attilio Speciani, Giuseppe Grosso

Faculty Publications

Diet and chronic inflammation have been suggested to be risk factors in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related mortality. The possible link between the inflammatory potential of diet measured through the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII^®) and CVD has been investigated in several populations across the world. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis on studies exploring this association. Data from 14 studies were eligible, of which two were case-control, eleven were cohort, and one was cross-sectional. Results from the random-effects meta-analysis showed a positive association between increasing DII, indicating a pro-inflammatory diet, and …

Week Of February 12, 2018, New York Medical College

InTouch

• NYMC Welcomes Guatemala's President Morales
• NYMC and Touro Launch Shark Tank-Inspired Forum to Invest in Israeli Biotechnology
• Christopher S. Leonard, Ph.D., Assumes the Role of Interim Chair of the Department of Physiology
• Physical Therapy and Speech-Language Students Team Up for Interprofessional Education Experience

Breast Cancer Knowledge, Perceptions And Practices In A Rural Community In Coastal Kenya, Shahin Sayed, Anthony Ngugi, Megan R. Mahoney, Jaameeta Kurji, Zohray M. Talib, Sarah B. Macfarlane, Theresa A. Wynn, Mansoor Saleh, Amyn B Lakhani, Esther Nderitu, Felix Agoi, Zul Premji, Jo Anne Zujewski, Zahir Moloo

Pathology, East Africa

Background: Data on breast healthcare knowledge, perceptions and practice among women in rural Kenya is limited. Furthermore, the role of the male head of household in influencing a woman’s breast health seeking behavior is also not known. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, perceptions and practice of breast cancer among women, male heads of households, opinion leaders and healthcare providers within a rural community in Kenya. Our secondary objective was to explore the role of male heads of households in influencing a woman’s breast health seeking behavior.

Methods: This was a mixed method cross-sectional study, conducted …

Machine Learning From Fetal Flow Waveforms To Predict Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: A Study Protocol, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Babar Hasan, Fyezah Jehan, Bart Bijnens, Devyani Chowdhury

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: In Pakistan, stillbirth rates and early neonatal mortality rates are amongst the highest in the world. The aim of this study is to provide proof of concept for using a computational model of fetal haemodynamics, combined with machine learning. This model will be based on Doppler patterns of the fetal cardiovascular, cerebral and placental flows with the goal to identify those fetuses at increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes such as stillbirth, perinatal mortality and other neonatal morbidities.
Methods: This will be prospective one group cohort study which will be conducted in Ibrahim Hyderi, a peri-urban settlement in south …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - February 11, 2018, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the February 11, 2018 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

• USA GHHS Members Participate in Solidarity Week, Highlight Compassionate Patient Care
• Multicenter Meta-Analysis Reveals Sepsis Patients can be Risk Stratified at the Time of Diagnosis Demonstrating Potential to Improve Critical Care Medicine on a Global Scale
• Internal Medicine to Host Multi-Departmental Grand Rounds on Feb. 22
• Summer Research Proposal Deadline Approaching
• USA Welcomes Dr. Preethi Marri
• USA Center for Healthy Communities Receives 2018 Health and Human Services Award

Listeriolysin O Causes Enac Dysfunction In Human Airway Epithelial Cells., Guang Yang, Helena Pillich, Richard E. White, Istvan Czikora, Isabelle Pochic, Qiang Yue, Martina Hudel, Boris Gorshkov, Alexander Verin, Supriya Sridhar, Carlos M Isales, Douglas C Eaton, Jürg Hamacher, Trinad Chakraborty, Rudolf Lucas

PCOM Scholarly Works

Pulmonary permeability edema is characterized by reduced alveolar Na⁺ uptake capacity and capillary barrier dysfunction and is a potentially lethal complication of listeriosis. Apical Na⁺ uptake is mainly mediated by the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and initiates alveolar liquid clearance. Here we examine how listeriolysin O (LLO), the pore-forming toxin of Listeria monocytogenes, impairs the expression and activity of ENaC. To that purpose, we studied how sub-lytic concentrations of LLO affect negative and positive regulators of ENaC expression in the H441 airway epithelial cell line. LLO reduced expression of the crucial ENaC-α subunit in H441 cells within 2 h …

Identifying Consumers Who Search For Long-Term Care On The Web: Latent Class Analysis, Darren Liu Mha, Ms, Drph, Takashi Yamashita Mph, Phd, Betty Burston

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Background: Because the internet has become a primary means of communication in the long-term care (LTC) and health care industry, an elevated understanding of market segmentation among LTC consumers is an indispensable step to responding to the informational needs of consumers. Objective: This exploratory study was designed to identify underlying market segments of the LTC consumers who seek Web-based information. Methods: Data on US adult internet users (n=2018) were derived from 2010 Pew Internet and America Life Project. Latent class analysis was employed to identify underlying market segments of LTC Web-based information seekers. Results: Web-based LTC information seekers were classified …

Closed-Eye Visualizations In The Setting Of Hyponatremia., Travis Peck, Christopher Mercogliano, Eugene York

Reading Hospital Internal Medicine Residency

Purpose: To report a case of closed-eye visualizations and to clarify the different types of hallucinations and their etiologies.

Methods: Retrospective case report of a patient with closed-eye visualizations secondary to hyponatremia. Clinical findings, physical exam, laboratory assessment, treatment, and disease course from the patient's hospitalization were used in creating this report. Follow-up data after discharge were also obtained.

Results: Closed-eye visualizations were diagnosed as secondary to hyponatremia, as they did not occur with the eyes open, and potential alternate causes were excluded. Serum sodium nadir was 119 mEq/L. Symptoms resolved with correction of hyponatremia via fluid resuscitation and electrolyte …

Highly Metastatic K7m2 Cell Line: A Novel Murine Model Capable Of In Vivo Imaging Via Luciferase Vector Transfection, Brian T. Grisez, Justin J. Ray, Phillip A. Bostian, Justin E. Markel, Brock A. Lindsey

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Osteosarcoma is rare and little improvement in survival rates has occurred in the last 25 years despite modern chemotherapeutic treatment. Bioluminescent cell lines for the modeling of osteosarcoma have shown success in tracking metastases in vivo, but commonly use adenoviral vectors to transfect the native cell line with bioluminescent reporters. The purpose of this study was to develop an orthotopic model for metastatic osteosarcoma capable of in vivo monitoring of metastatic and primary tumor burden in an immunocompetent mouse and compare that model to its wild type pathogenesis. K7M2 cells were transfected using a plasmid vector and were stable after …

Long-Term Oral Contraceptive Use And Incidence Of Breast Cancer, Elizabeth Hahn

Nursing Capstones

No abstract provided.

Courtesy: The Space Between Souls, Erica Vaiser

Counseling and Family Therapy Scholarship Review

This paper presents an illustrative dissection of the virtuous power of courtesy. The content, herein, examines the mutual space between individual souls created through courtesy, utilizing Robert Sardello’s (2003) definition of “courtesy” as a virtue. True acts of courtesy surpass commonly understood actions and niceties, in which the purpose is to invite one’s soul into a mutual space of acknowledgment with the soul of another. It is only out of this recognition that the soul remembers its common and worldly origin. Ego processing dictates so much of our daily interactions that the presence of soul connection is most certainly never …

Wounded Healer: A Spiritual Autobiography, Soo M. Pak

Counseling and Family Therapy Scholarship Review

The underworld of human life is undeniably painful, messy, dark, and overwhelming. The sight of it can be disfigured and horrendous; thus, extreme measures are taken to deny, ignore, cover up, and run away from it. However, the darkness of human life is an important ingredient that gives birth to understanding, humility, compassion, and beauty. The key is to look at our wounds with compassion, honesty, and vulnerability. There is great worth in being vulnerable with our wounds. It takes courage to sit with, feel, and examine our wound because it pains us in the most sacred place of our …

Unplugged, Lea Powell

Counseling and Family Therapy Scholarship Review

This article serves as an explorative piece attempting to investigate social networking norms and their contribution towards increased levels of disengagement and disconnection. After recognizing superficial online trends of interaction within her own social network, the author discloses experiencing feelings of hopelessness. In attempt to explore these feelings and unmask the factors underlying these trends, elements of motivation, privacy, and an individual’s relationship with control are discussed. Themes of expectant accessibility and communication within the realm of technology are explored and compared to real life interactions and experiences, with emphasis on an observed dissonance occurring between them. Notions of social …

Transgender Resiliency: A Comparison Of Transgender And Cisgender Therapy Clients’ Family Functioning And Psychological Symptomology, Deborah Coolhart , Ph.D., Lmft, Anibal Torres Bernal , Ph.D., Kimdy Le , Ph.D.

Counseling and Family Therapy Scholarship Review

Existing literature often suggests transgender people face increased vulnerabilities in comparison to cisgender people and poorer mental and physical health outcomes. However, studies are increasingly exploring resilience of transgender people and factors contributing to positive coping. The current study compared transgender to cisgender clients at a University-based couple and family therapy center on self-reported psychological symptomology and family functioning. Transgender individuals did not differ significantly from cisgender individuals on family functioning, however transgender individuals reported significantly fewer symptoms on all twelve subscales of psychological symptomology, despite lower income and lower levels of education. Results suggest transgender individuals may develop unique …

The Phenomenon Of Belonging, Martin R. Baker

Counseling and Family Therapy Scholarship Review

A central problem facing humanity is that we have forgotten our sense of belonging. We no longer feel like we belong to ourselves, each other, and the world in deep and meaningful ways. Modern culture has uprooted the heart felt bonds of authentic connection and replaced them with false experiences of belonging through the addictive qualities of materialism, narcissism, and rationalism. As a result we suffer from our lost experiences of soul, spirit, and the aliveness of the world. In this article, we will explore belonging as the process of growth, forever pushing away the old and pulling towards new …

Eculizumab Dosing In Infants, M Kobrzynski, B Wile, S S Huang, G Filler

Paediatrics Publications

Eculizumab is the therapy of choice for patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). Dosing recommendations stem from two trials: one retrospective trial (19 children and 5 infants) and one prospective trial (22 patients and 5 infants). This case report highlights the need for more precise dosing recommendations in children, particularly in infants, and for smaller vials of the medication to facilitate more precise dosing. Such changes would ensure that adverse events are minimized and that the children with aHUS who are treated with eculizumab experience an optimal clinical response.

The Winding Road To Relapse: Forging A New Understanding Of Cue-Induced Reinstatement Models And Their Associated Neural Mechanisms, Mark D. Namba, Seven E. Tomek, M. Foster Olive, Joshua S. Beckmann, Cassandra D. Gipson

Psychology Faculty Publications

In drug addiction, cues previously associated with drug use can produce craving and frequently trigger the resumption of drug taking in individuals vulnerable to relapse. Environmental stimuli associated with drugs or natural reinforcers can become reliably conditioned to increase behavior that was previously reinforced. In preclinical models of addiction, these cues enhance both drug self-administration and reinstatement of drug seeking. In this review, we will dissociate the roles of conditioned stimuli as reinforcers from their modulatory or discriminative functions in producing drug-seeking behavior. As well, we will examine possible differences in neurobiological encoding underlying these functional differences. Specifically, we will …

A Plant-Based Dietary Intervention Improves Beta-Cell Function And Insulin Resistance In Overweight Adults: A 16-Week Randomized Clinical Trial., Hana Kahleova, Andrea Tura, Martin Hill, Richard Holubkov, Neal D Barnard

Medicine Faculty Publications

The aim of this study was to test the effect of a plant-based dietary intervention on beta-cell function in overweight adults with no history of diabetes. Participants (n = 75) were randomized to follow a low-fat plant-based diet (n = 38) or to make no diet changes (n = 37) for 16 weeks. At baseline and 16 weeks, beta-cell function was quantified with a mathematical model. Using a standard meal test, insulin secretory rate was calculated by C-peptide deconvolution. The Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR) index was used to assess insulin resistance while fasting. A marked increase in meal-stimulated insulin secretion …

Health & Kinesiology News, Georgia Southern University

Health Sciences & Kinesiology: News & Publications (2015-2023)

• Athletic Training Student Awarded National Baseball Medicine Conference Scholarship

Representing Diversity In The Dish: Using Patient-Derived In Vitro Models To Recreate The Heterogeneity Of Neurological Disease, Layla T. Ghaffari, Alexander Starr, Andrew T. Nelson, Rita Sattler

Department of Neuroscience Faculty Papers

Neurological diseases, including dementias such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) and degenerative motor neuron diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are responsible for an increasing fraction of worldwide fatalities. Researching these heterogeneous diseases requires models that endogenously express the full array of genetic and epigenetic factors which may influence disease development in both familial and sporadic patients. Here, we discuss the two primary methods of developing patient-derived neurons and glia to model neurodegenerative disease: reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are differentiated into neurons or glial cells, or directly converting (DC) somatic …

A Persistent Mass: A Case Of Aggressive Angiomyxoma Of The Vulva., B N Brzezinska, A E Clements, K S Rath, G C Reid

Women’s Health Articles

We present a case of aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva. The patient presented with a persistent, enlarging vulvar mass, initially misdiagnosed as a Bartholin gland cyst. The patient underwent wide local excision, which resulted in total resection of the mass. Final pathology was consistent with aggressive angiomyxoma, a rare soft tissue tumor with a predilection for the female pelvis. Though rare, it is important to consider in the differential diagnosis of a pelvic mass, given the locally aggressive nature of this tumor and propensity for recurrence.

Recognizing Pre-Operative Anxiety In Acute Care Pediatric Patients., Kendra Prosser Bsn, Rn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Increasing Research Capacity In Underserved Communities: Formative And Summative Evaluation And Summative Evaluation Of The Mississippi Community Research Fellows Training Program (Cohort 1), Danielle Fastring, Susan Mayfield-Johnson, Tanya Funchess, Candice Green, Victoria Walker, Georgette Powell

Faculty Publications

Background: The Mississippi Community Research Fellows Training Program (MSCRFTP) is a 15-week program conducted in Jackson, MS, USA consisting of training in the areas of evidence-based public health, research methods, research ethics, and cultural competency. The purpose of the program was to increase community knowledge and understanding of public health research, develop community-based projects that addressed health disparity in the participants’ community, increase individual and community capacity, and to engage community members as equal partners in the research process.

Methods: A comprehensive evaluation of the MSCRFTP was conducted that included both quantitative and qualitative methods. All participants were asked to …

Semi-Synthesis Of A Novel Library Of Alkaloids As Potential Selective Analgesics, Brittany M. Gallagher

Theses and Dissertations

Semi-synthetic compounds are an important part of the therapeutic drug discovery process. The goals of the project were to synthesize different generations of matrine analogues in order to gain many opportunities to manipulate the core structure. The long-term goal was, by manipulating the structure, the possibility to increase the biological activity of the original compound while also decreasing the toxicity. The first-generation matrine analogue allows for a synthesis similar to the Striker reaction producing aminonitriles. An alkyne coupling reaction was also possible with the modification, producing propargyl-amines. Both of the reactions resulted in the addition of a triple bond substituent …

Haemodynamic Assessment And Support In Sepsis And Septic Shock In Resource-Limited Settings, David Misango, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Tim Baker, Martin W. Dünser, Arjen M. Dondorp, Marcus J. Schultz, Global Intensive Care Working Group†, Of The European Society Of Intensive Care Medicine (Esicm) And The Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (Moru) In Bangkok, Thailand

Anaesthesiology, East Africa

Background: Recommendations for haemodynamic assessment and support in sepsis and septic shock in resource-limited settings are largely lacking.

Methods: A task force of six international experts in critical care medicine, all of them members of the Global Intensive Care Working Group of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine and with extensive bedside experience in resource-limited intensive care units, reviewed the literature and provided recommendations regarding haemodynamic assessment and support, keeping aspects of efficacy and effectiveness, availability and feasibility and affordability and safety in mind.

Results: We suggest using capillary refill time, skin mottling scores and skin temperature gradients; suggest …

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• East Carolina, Georgia Southern Examine Tobacco Policies, Alcohol Sponsorship at LGBT Pride Festivals
• Georgia Southern Conducts After-Action Review of H1N1 Influenza outbreak Response

Ensuring Proper Utilization Of Interpreter Services In The Emergency Department., Kirsten Cassidy Bsn, Rn, Elizabeth Dobo Bsn, Rn, Meggy Fernandez Bsn, Rn, Marissa Johnson Bsn, Rn, Madeline Trego Bsn, Rn, Jen Weimer Bsn, Rn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Staff's Perception Of The Most Effective Methods To Learn New Information., Juliette Blanchard Bsn, Rn, Juliana Eichenberg Bsn, Rn, Michael Fang Bsn, Rn, Gelissa Lombard Bsn, Rn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.