Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Loss Of Marv1 Promotes Chop Signaling In Mouse Liver, Shad Anthony Mitchell

Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Theses and Dissertations

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a term used to define a set of metabolic diseases: obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), hyperlipidemia, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and nonalcoholic hepatosteatosis (NASH). Those with MetS have a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Current drug treatments for MetS treat the individual pathologies associated with the diseases, rather than directly targeting MetS as a whole. We hypothesize that the inhibition of a ubiquitous lipid transporter known as ARV1 can improve pathologies associated with MetS. To test this hypothesis, we utilized liver tissue from mARV1 knockout mice fed a high-fat diet and examined …

Ammonia Vs. Lactic Acid In Predicting Positivity Of Microbial Culture In Sepsis: The Alps Pilot Study, Yazan Numan, Yasir Jawaid, Hisham Hirzallah, Damir Kusmic, Mohammed Megri, Obadah Aqtash, Ahmed Amro, Haitem Mezughi, Emmon Maher, Yonas Raru, Jamil Numan, Sutoidem Akpanudo, Zeid Khitan, Yousef Shweihat

Internal Medicine

Objective: The use of serum ammonia as a novel marker for sepsis compared to lactic acid levels in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Design and Interventions: Single arm, prospective clinical trial to collect arterial blood samples from patients with sepsis. Serial ammonia and lactic acid levels were sent every six hours for a total of three days.

Measurements and results: Compare mean levels of ammonia and lactic acid in terms of diagnosing sepsis and patient outcome, including length of stay and mortality. A total of 30 patients were enrolled in the pilot study. On admission, mean ammonia level was 35.7 …

Insight - July 2018, Dugoni School Of Dentistry

Insight

Whether you are involved in clinical research, biomedical research, the scholarship of teaching and learning, improvement of the health care system, or professional partnerships that advance the field, we aim to spotlight the work of people at the Dugoni School.

Experiences Of Middle School Counselors Learning And Applying Principles Of Neuroscience, Raissa Miller, Laura Gallo, Lauren Moore

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

Adolescence is a critical period of development during which time individuals’ brains experience increased neuroplasticity and structural reorganization (Albert, Chein, & Steinberg, 2013; Bava & Tapert, 2010; Casey, Getz, & Galvan, 2008). Neuroplasticity is the brain’s ability to change in response to new learning and environmental influences (Siegel, 2012). A number of factors influence an individual’s brain development and associated changes in affect, cognition, and behavior, including genetic predispositions, early childhood experiences, and temperament (Steinberg, 2014). For example, adolescents who have a history of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), a set of toxic experiences such as abuse or having a caretaker …

Dental Practice Success Vol. 5 No. 2, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

Dental Practice Success

No abstract provided.

Identifying Kif Subtype That Mediates Axonal Targeting Of Kv7 Channels, Allison Houghton, Jennifer Walters, Mary Hong, Dhruv Joshi, Hee Jung Chung

PRECS 2018

Early-onset Benign Familial Neonatal Epilepsy (BFNE) and Epileptic Encephalopathy (EE), are associated with mutations in neuronal KCNQ/Kv7 channel subunits Kv7.2 and Kv7.3. Kv7 channels are voltage-dependent potassium channels. Enriched at the axonal plasma membrane, they pump potassium ions out of the neurons and inhibit repetitive or burst firing of action potentials. A single neuronal Kv7 channel is a heterotetramer composed of two Kv7.2 and two Kv7.3 subunits. BFNE and EE mutations in Kv7.2 and Kv7.3 lead to decreased surface expression along the axon, which means less potassium ions are moved across the axonal membrane where action potentials are generated and …

Production Of Bioactive Isothiocyanates By Bacterial Myrosinase, Juan Isaiz, Xiaoji Liu, Michael J. Miller

PRECS student projects

Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are bioactive products found in several plants belonging to the Brassicaceae family, and are produced as defense upon disruption of the tissue by herbivores or pathogens, but in humans they have shown anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties.

Although we know gut microbes can hydrolyze GSL into ITC, the mechanism is not known. With improved detection methods, the aim of this experiment is to explore whether the gut microbial myrosinase β-glucosidase found within the genome of E. coli Nissle 1917 can hydrolyze glucosinolates (GSLs) into detectable ITCs.

Moodle-Based Chlamydia Awareness Project To Increase Intention To Test In College Freshmen Males: A Dnp Scholarly Project, Adam Burri

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

In 2016, there were over 1.5 million cases of chlamydia reported in the United States with prevalence rates highest in people under 25 years of age (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). Researchers have suggested that college aged adults (age 18-25) should be targeted for chlamydia educational programs because these individuals are lacking in knowledge about chlamydia prevention, infection, symptoms, and screening methods (Goundry, Finlay, & Llewellyn, 2013; Rutledge, Siebert, Chonody, & Killian, 2011). This scholarly project utilized a quasi-experimental, single-group pretest-posttest design and used a modified version of the Sex, Drugs, and Rock’n’Roll Questionnaire designed by Lim et …

Using A Kindle To Improve Parental Perceptions Of Pain In Their Children: A Dnp Scholarly Project, Andrew Gearhart

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

Patient satisfaction is an important goal for health care providers, as it is associated with treatment success, and patients are more likely to adhere to medical treatments when they are satisfied. Emergency departments are among the lowest ranked healthcare settings nationwide in terms of patient satisfaction. Pediatric patients often experience pain and/or anxiety while in the hospital setting and are at an increased risk of having unpleasant experiences while receiving care. The purpose of this DNP scholarly project is to determine whether the introduction of a Kindle Fire tablet was effective in decreasing parental perceptions of pain while their child …

Implementation Of A Scripted Debriefing Tool In Simulation-Based Nursing, Mary Kidd

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

In nursing education, simulation represents real patient scenarios that are designed to enable students to practice combining theoretical knowledge with clinical skills within a controlled environment (Bland, Topping, & Wood, 2011). Debriefing is a facilitated reflection of the simulation experience and is performed to uncover relationships among the events, actions, thought processes and outcomes with the intention of improving future practice (Cheng et al., 2014; Kolbe, Grande, & Spahn, 2015). Without proper debriefing, erroneous critical thinking, decision-making, and clinical judgement may go uncorrected, potentially negatively impacting patient care. There is an abundance of literature on debriefing methods; yet, empirical evidence …

Challenges In The Diagnosis And Management Of Cushing’S Syndrome Due To Ectopic Acth Caused By Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumor In A Patient With Pneumoconiosis., Hazim Bukamur, Chelsey White, Rodhan Khthir, Alysia Browne, Fauzi Najar, Mohammed Al-Ourani

Internal Medicine

Sites with a high prevalence of pneumoconiosis are especially challenging to physicians. The presence of pneumoconiotic nodules on the chest computerized tomography (CT) scans makes it difficult to localize the source of ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Because of false-positive results that may occur with the use of 18 fluorodeoxyglucose ( [¹⁸F]FDG) Positron emission tomography CT (PET/CT) scan, alternative imaging modalities are needed. Gallium [⁶⁸Ga]DOTATATE is a positron emitter-labeled somatostatin analog used with PET/CT, which may improve the diagnostic accuracy of localizing ectopic ACTH-secreting carcinoid tumors in patients with pneumoconiosis by reducing false-positive results. We describe a …

Jackrabbits Script & Scope, College Of Pharmacy And Allied Health Professions

Jackrabbits Script and Scope (Formerly called College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions Magazine)

[Page] 4 Mort Takes the Lead
[Page] 8 International Rotation
[Page] 11 Hedge Honored
[Page] 12 Convocation
[Page] 14 White Coat Ceremony
[Page] 16 Distinguished Graduate
[Page] 18 Pharm.D. Class of 2018
[Page] 21 Preceptor of the Year
[Page] 24 Precision Medicine
[Page] 25 Phonathon Changes
[Page] 26 Pharmaogenomics
[Page] 27 Schaefer Joins
[Page] 28 Faculty Honors
[Page] 31 Huether Liked the Lab
[Page] 32 Academic Assessment -Curriculum Report
[Page] 34 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
[Page] 35 Department of Pharmacy Practice
[Page] 36 Donors
[Page] 38 Development Director's Report

Supervision In Community Mental Health: Understanding Intensity Of Ebt Focus., Leah Lucid, Rosemary Meza, Michael D Pullmann, Nathaniel Jungbluth, Esther Deblinger, Shannon Dorsey

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

The goal of the present study was to examine clinician, supervisor, and organizational factors that are associated with the intensity of evidence-based treatment (EBT) focus in workplace-based clinical supervision of a specific EBT, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT). Supervisors (n = 56) and clinicians (n = 207) from mental health organizations across Washington State completed online self-report questionnaires. Multilevel modeling (MLM) analyses were used to examine the relative influence of nested clinician and supervisor factors on the intensity of EBT focus in supervision. We found that 33% of the variance in clinician report of EBT supervision intensity clustered at the …

Examining The Benefits Of The 340b Drug Discount Program, Jarrett Gerlach, Sarah Sweeney, Angela Swearingen, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

The 340B Drug Discount Program required drug manufacturers to provide discounted outpatient drugs to health care organizations serving vulnerable patient populations to allow these institutions to offer more services to more people. As the 340B program expanded, controversy centered on which entities have benefited from the program. Many health care organizations sold 340B drugs to well-insured patients at full price and have thus been financially rewarded. Amendments to the program have permitted 340B providers to use contract pharmacies to dispense 340B medications, furthering the debate over which stakeholders are benefiting from the program. The purpose of this study was to …

Identifying Clinical Distinctions Between Nonsuicidal Self-Injury And Eating Disorders In Adolescents, Natalie Marie Perkins

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Eating disorders and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) are pervasive behaviors that typically begin in early to mid-adolescence. They commonly co-occur, resulting in increasingly negative psychological and physical outcomes than either behavior alone. Emotion reactivity and family functioning have been studied in relation to both eating disorders and NSSI. Both constructs have demonstrated strong relationships to these behaviors, but emotion reactivity appears to be more strongly associated with NSSI, while family functioning appears to be more strongly related to eating disorders. The current study sought to determine whether emotion reactivity and family functioning could differentiate between adolescents with only an eating disorder, …

Texting And Its Impact On Post-Event Processing And Symptoms Of Social Anxiety, Amanda Nicole Newquist

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study is to evaluate how individuals with social anxiety perceive a social event after a texting conversation compared to a face-to-face conversation. This review is known as post-event processing. This study included 154 participants (89 males and 65 females). These participants were recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk. Each participant was asked to imagine a social situation where they experienced a high level of anxiety. The results of the study showed evidence that the self-reported level of trait anxiety was positively correlated with the self-reported level of state anxiety. Self-reported level of trait anxiety was positively correlated …

Photochemical Investigation Of High-Valent Metal-Oxo Intermediates Containing Corrole And Light-Harvesting Porphyrin Ligands, Jonathan Malone

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

In enzymatic and synthetic catalytic oxidations, high-valent iron-oxo intermediates play a vital role as the active oxidant. In this regard, many synthetic metal catalysts are designed as biomimetic models to resemble the active site of Cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450) which are the predominant oxidation catalysts in nature. Vitamin B12 cofactors, with a corrole-like structure corrin, are also utilized in some of the more difficult reactions in nature such as rearrangement and reductase reactions.

In this work, application of the promising photochemical method to corrolecontaining ligands systems showed much success in the generation of manganese(V)-oxo corrole intermediates using two electron-deficient corrole …

Identifying Barriers And Facilitators Within The Occupation Of Voting For People With Disabilities, Amanda Fuller, Jenna Kruis, Victoria Pruess

Community Based

No abstract provided.

Should Patients With Diabetes Be Encouraged To Integrate Social Media Into Their Care Plan?, Arun R. Nelakurthi, Angela Marinilli Pinto, Curtiss B. Cook, Lynne Jones, Mary Boyle, Jieping Ye, Theodoros Lappas, Jingrui He

Publications and Research

AIM: To evaluate the use of social media of individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM).

MATERIALS & METHODS: Both web-based and in-clinic surveys were collected from individuals with DM. Descriptive and correlation analyses were employed to evaluate respondents' diabetes-specific social networking site behaviors.

RESULTS: Forty-five patients with DM completed the web-based survey and 167, the clinic-based survey, of whom only 40 visited diabetes-specific social networking sites. Analysis of online survey data indicated that self-reported adherence to lifestyle recommendations was significantly correlated (p < 0.01) with visiting the sites. Clinic-based survey data found that patients who reported using DM-specific web sites monitored home glucose values more often and had better compliance with insulin administration (both p < 0.05) compared with nonusers.

CONCLUSION: This study provides insight into why individuals visit DM-specific social networking sites. Certain self-management behaviors may improve as …

Physical Activity Self-Management Interventions For Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: Part 2 – Exploring The Generalizability Of Findings From Research To Practice, Shauna M. Burke, Jennifer R. Tomasone, Natalie V. Scime, Jasmin K. Ma, Samantha M. Harden, Dalton L. Wolfe

Paediatrics Publications

Despite the benefits associated with regular participation in physical activity, individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) remain insufficiently active. The ability to self-manage participation may increase physical activity levels, but only if self-management interventions can be implemented in the ‘real world’. The purpose of this review was to examine the degree to which authors of published studies of LTPA self-management interventions for individuals with SCI have reported on factors that could increase the likelihood of translating this research into practice. A systematic search of five databases was conducted, yielding 33 eligible studies representing 31 interventions. Each intervention was assessed using …

Physical Activity Self-Management Interventions For Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: Part 1–A Systematic Review Of The Use And Effectiveness Of Behavior Change Techniques, Jennifer R. Tomasone, Stephanie M. Flood, Jasmin K. Ma, Natalie V. Scime, Shauna M. Burke, Lindsay Sleeth, Stephanie Marrocco

Paediatrics Publications

Objectives: To determine which behavior change techniques (BCTs) have been used within leisure time physical activity (LTPA) self-management interventions for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), and which BCTs were effective for improving LTPA behavior and/or its antecedents. Design: Systematic review informed by the PRISMA guidelines. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using five databases. Study characteristics were extracted from included articles and intervention descriptions were coded using the BCT Taxonomy V.1. Effectiveness and maintenance of BCTs as well as the level of behavior change theory use in the design of interventions were examined within experimental studies. Results: Thirty-one …

Non-Canonical Functions Of The Rb Protein In Cancer, Frederick A. Dick, David W. Goodrich, Julien Sage, Nicholas J. Dyson

Paediatrics Publications

The canonical model of RB-mediated tumour suppression developed over the past 30 years is based on the regulation of E2F transcription factors to restrict cell cycle progression. Several additional functions have been proposed for RB, on the basis of which a non-canonical RB pathway can be described. Mechanistically, the non-canonical RB pathway promotes histone modification and regulates chromosome structure in a manner distinct from cell cycle regulation. These functions have implications for chemotherapy response and resistance to targeted anticancer agents. This Opinion offers a framework to guide future studies of RB in basic and clinical research.

Encouraging Kids To Hop, Skip, And Jump: Emphasizing The Need For Higher-Intensity Physical Activity In Childcare, Molly Driediger, Leigh M. Vanderloo, Stephanie Truelove, Brianne A. Bruijns, Patricia Tucker

Paediatrics Publications

No abstract provided.

Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Using A Gantry-Based Preclinical Cone-Beam Microcomputed Tomography Scanner, Justin J. Tse, Joy Dunmore-Buyze, Maria Drangova, David W. Holdsworth

Bone and Joint Institute

© The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI. Dual-energy microcomputed tomography (DECT) can provide quantitative information about specific materials of interest, facilitating automated segmentation, and visualization of complex three-dimensional tissues. It is possible to implement DECT on currently available preclinical gantry-based cone-beam micro-CT scanners; however, optimal decomposition image quality requires customized spectral shaping (through added filtration), optimized acquisition protocols, and elimination of misregistration artifacts. We present a method for the fabrication of customized …

Appraisal Of Clinical Practice Guideline: American Academy Of Orthopaedic Surgeons Clinical Practice Guideline On The Management Of Osteoarthritis Of The Hip, Ze Lu, Joy C. Macdermid

Bone and Joint Institute

No abstract provided.

Health Information On Firefighter Websites: Structured Analysis, Mostin A. Hu, Joy C. Macdermid, Shannon Killip, Margaret Lomotan

Bone and Joint Institute

© Mostin A Hu, Joy C MacDermid, Shannon Killip, Margaret Lomotan, FIREWELL. Background: Owing to the fact that firefighters have unique health risks, access to firefighter-specific internet-based health information is a potential mechanism for achieving better health and work outcomes. Objective: The objective of our study was to identify the amount and nature of health information resources available on Canadian firefighter-specific websites and the extent to which resources are consistent across websites as a surrogate indicator of diffusion of information. Methods: A search of health resources on firefighter websites (union and employer) for all Canadian provinces, major cities and a …

Abstract Concepts And Pictures Of Real-World Situations Activate One Another., Ken Mcrae, Daniel Nedjadrasul, Raymond Pau, Bethany Pui-Hei Lo, Lisa King

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

concepts typically are defined in terms of lacking physical or perceptual referents. We argue instead that they are not devoid of perceptual information because knowledge of real-world situations is an important component of learning and using many abstract concepts. Although the relationship between perceptual information and abstract concepts is less straightforward than for concrete concepts, situation-based perceptual knowledge is part of many abstract concepts. In Experiment 1, participants made lexical decisions to abstract words that were preceded by related and unrelated pictures of situations. For example, share was preceded by a picture of two girls sharing a cob of corn. …

Selective Effects Of 5-Ht2c Receptor Modulation On Performance Of A Novel Valence-Probe Visual Discrimination Task And Probabilistic Reversal Learning In Mice, Benjamin U. Phillips, Sigma Dewan, Simon R.O. Nilsson, Trevor W. Robbins, Christopher J. Heath, Lisa M. Saksida, Timothy J. Bussey, Johan Alsiö

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

© 2018, The Author(s). Rationale: Dysregulation of the serotonin (5-HT) system is a pathophysiological component in major depressive disorder (MDD), a condition closely associated with abnormal emotional responsivity to positive and negative feedback. However, the precise mechanism through which 5-HT tone biases feedback responsivity remains unclear. 5-HT2C receptors (5-HT2CRs) are closely linked with aspects of depressive symptomatology, including abnormalities in reinforcement processes and response to stress. Thus, we aimed to determine the impact of 5-HT2CR function on response to feedback in biased reinforcement learning. Methods: We used two touchscreen assays designed to assess the impact of positive and negative feedback …

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letter - July 2018, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letters

No abstract provided.

Combined Dry Needling And Ccft Biofeedback Training For A Fireman With A Two-Month History Of Cervicogenic Headaches: A Case Report, Jared Commander, Jim Viti

St. Augustine, Summer 2018

The purpose of this case report is to show that by combining the use of the CCFT as an exercise and trigger point dry needling, clinicians can effect significant improvement in their patients.