Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Maternal Mortality In Non-Hispanic Black Women, Amelia Major

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: The United States has the highest maternal mortality among all developed countries, among these mothers, non-Hispanic black women are three times more likely than women of any other racial group to die from pregnancy-related causes.

Purpose: To investigate racial disparities among pregnant women who die from pregnancy related causes (maternal mortality) and determine possible interventions to improve outcomes.

Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted to analyze peer-reviewed articles published from 2007 to 2018; a computerized search of literature was performed using Cumulative Index to Nursing and Health Literature (CINAHL), Proquest Nursing and Allied Health Sources, …

Risk Factors Related To Hiv Transmission In African American Men Who Have Sex With Other Men, Joseph Kunst

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: HIV infections and diagnoses among African American MSM continue to increase, despite ongoing education and improved access to health care. However, there are limited attempts to understand why African American MSM are more susceptible to acquiring HIV.

Purpose: To identify risk factors that lead to a difference in HIV transmission in men who have sex with other men and specifically African American MSM .

Methods: An integrative literature review was performed using Cumulative Index of Nursing and Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, and ProQuest. Different combinations of text were used in the search including the following key words: HIV or …

Physical And Mental Health Literacy And Its Impact On Asian Americans’ Health Outcomes, Scarlett Choi

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: For Asian Americans (AA), cultural barriers bring an added challenge to accessing and navigating the already very complex US healthcare system which in turn contributes to limited health literacy among this population. While physical and mental health literacy are closely related to a person’s overall health, there is a limited synthesis of published data on the impact of physical and mental health literacy on health outcomes among AA.

Purpose of Study: The purpose of this integrative literature review was to review the existing studies on the impact of physical and mental health literacy on general health outcomes …

The Impact Of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Design On Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Of Premature Neonates: Single Rooms Vs. Multi-Bed Wards An Integrated Literature Review, Tory Bugaieski

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: Preterm birth is a significant cause of infant death and disability, including impaired neurodevelopmental functioning. Many recent studies report beneficial effects of single-family room (SFR) versus multi-bed-ward design in NICUs, however few studies focus on the neurodevelopmental-associated outcomes. Identification of positive and negative neurodevelopment in each environment will allow nurses and other healthcare providers to strategize patient placement and moderate environmental stimuli to maximize neurodevelopmental outcomes in both settings.

Objectives: The purpose of this literature review was to explore current research to evaluate whether neurodevelopmental outcome (including cognitive delay, hearing deficit or loss, and visual impairment) differs between preterm …

Self-Efficacy And Recovery In Alcoholism, Elizabeth Dickson

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

No abstract provided.

Sexual Health Education & Effective Promotion Strategies Within The Lgbtq+ Community, Madison Outlaw

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: Given the high risk and vulnerability of LGBTQ+ individuals to experience a lack of education and effective health promotion with regard to sexual health, there is a lack of literature review on health promotion programs targeting these individuals combined with the consideration for the unique barriers faced by LGBTQ+ populations.

Objective: The purpose of this integrative literature review is to explore the barriers to sexual health education for LGBTQ+ individuals and to identify the most effective strategies for sexual promotion within the LGBTQ+ population by evaluation of current published research.

Methods: An integrative literature review was utilized to evaluate …

Identifying Risk Factors Of Suicide And Prevention Strategies In Primary Care Setting: An Integrated Literature Review, Jessica Capp

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: Suicide is a preventable public health issue and yet, suicides rates continue to be on the rise. Many individuals who attempt and complete suicide have visited their primary care office in the months prior. Nurses working in the primary care setting spend the most amount of time with the patient during these office visits. Therefore, these nurses serve a vital role in suicide identification and prevention. Most nurses in general have little to no training on how to assess, treat, refer, and even talk with a patient about suicide.

Objectives: The purpose of this integrative literature review was to …

Compliance Of A Ketogenic Diet In Children With Decreased Refractory Epilepsy, Carline Orelien

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: Children who are diagnosed with refractory epilepsy are more susceptible to further neurological problems and as a result, are at risk of morbidity and mortality.

Objectives: To explore research that has been conducted regarding the effectiveness of a ketogenic diet in treating children with decreased refractory epilepsy and to recommend the ketogenic diet for pediatric patients who are experiencing otherwise uncontrollable seizures, despite pharmacological therapy.

Method: The integrative literature review was conducted using the two computerized databases PsycINFO and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Health Literature (CINAHL) between 2013 and 2017 with keywords “ketogenic,” “ketogenic diet,” “epilepsy,” and …

Determining Risk Factors To Decrease Maternal Mortality Related To Chronic Hypertension: An Integrative Literature Review, Chelsea Stellmach

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in the United States in 2015 was 26.4, higher than many other developed countries. Maternal deaths due to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are on the rise, including chronic hypertension. Chronic hypertension is defined as blood pressure greater than or equal to 140/90 mmHg before pregnancy or during the first 20 weeks of gestation. This condition occurs in up to 5% of pregnancies which are more likely to result in adverse maternal outcomes. Nearly 40% of maternal deaths are preventable, especially those related to chronic diseases.

Objectives: The purpose of the integrative literature review was to …

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors And Spontaneous Abortions In Early Pregnancies: An Integrated Review Of Literature, Monsurat Okesanjo

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: 30 percent of women with Cardiovascular diseases have a risk of having a miscarriage. Modifiable risk factors such as obesity, smoking, drug use, diabetes and/or hypertension are those that can be changed. Non-modifiable risk factors like race, age, or family predisposition are those that cannot be changed but can be controlled.

Objective: The purpose of this literature review is to identify cardiovascular risk factors that can potentially result in a miscarriage of 18-week gestation or less and to properly apply nursing interventions to reduce the number of potential miscarriages.

Method: An integrative literature review was conducted with widespread …

The Benefits Of Complementary And Alternative Medicine For Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Integrative Review Of Literature, Kali Polich

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized by joint swelling, tenderness, synovial joint destruction all of which leads to disability as well as premature death. It is a disease that affects all bodily systems as well as daily living. The current methods of treatment are aggressive medications in various forms. Complementary and alternative methods (CAMs) of treatment can be useful in the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis as well as improving the quality of daily living.

Objectives: The purpose of a literature review was to explore the current treatment methods of Rheumatoid Arthritis as well …

Management Of Risk Factors To Decrease Peanut Allergy Occurrences In The Youth Population, Emily Vukovich

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: Recent increases in prevalence of peanut allergy has become a significant public health concern. There are many risk factors that have been determined to cause development of peanut allergies. These risk factors include genetics, race, sex, primary, and secondary prevention. Previous guidelines have given no evidence that preventing an infant from allergenic foods stunts development of peanut allergy.

Objectives: The purpose of this integrative literature review was to identify if early exposure to peanut prevents occurrence of peanut allergy development.

Method: An integrative literature review was conducted undergoing extensive search for studies that have focused …

Management Of Risk Factors To Decrease Peanut Allergy Occurrences In The Youth Population, Emily Vukovich

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: Recent increases in prevalence of peanut allergy has become a significant public health concern. There are many risk factors that have been determined to cause development of peanut allergies. These risk factors include genetics, race, sex, primary, and secondary prevention. Previous guidelines have given no evidence that preventing an infant from allergenic foods stunts development of peanut allergy.

Objectives: The purpose of this integrative literature review was to identify if early exposure to peanut prevents occurrence of peanut allergy development.

Method: An integrative literature review was conducted undergoing extensive search for studies that have focused …

Clinical Outcomes Of Women With Adenocarcinoma In Situ Of The Cervix Treated By Conization: An Integrated Literature Review, Jennifer Keeley

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: The incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma in situ is on the rise. Its detection, diagnosis, and management is both challenging and controversial. For these reasons, hysterectomy has historically been the treatment of choice, but many women with adenocarcinoma in situ are of reproductive age and have not completed childbearing so more conservative treatment is often desired.

Objectives: The purpose of the integrative literature review was to determine the efficacy and safety of conization as conservative treatment for women with cervical adenocarcinoma in situ wishing to preserve fertility, and to determine if one method of conization, cold knife cone or …

Fatigue Associated With Rheumatoid Arthritis In Young Adults, Sydney Van Alstyne

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: Often, practitioners do not address their Rheumatoid Arthritis patients' fatigue and do not perceive it as a detriment to the patient's wellness. In actuality, fatigue has been determined to be proportionate to the other variables, such as pain and disease progression, of rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: to determine the cause(s) of fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis and determine how fatigue can be used in a clinical setting to determine disease progression and status in patients suffering from chronic illness.

Method: This integrative literature review was conducted using the keywords, “fatigue, rheumatoid arthritis, young adults, perception of fatigue” to search the literature …

Risk Factors And Frequency Of Unplanned Readmissions To The Picu, Ashley Walter

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: Early unplanned readmissions to the PICU can be costly to the patient and their family, as well as the hospital. Readmissions have negative outcomes such as increased length of stay and higher morbidity and mortality rates. Determining the frequency of readmissions and the risk factors that lead to them may help plan and prevent these situations.

Objectives: The purpose of the integrative literature review was to identify the frequency of and risk factors leading to early unplanned readmission to the PICU and to determine interventions that may prevent them.

Method: An integrative literature review was completed to identify risk …

An Examination Of Effective Integrative Medicinal Models For Adult Critical Care: An Integrative Review Of Literature, Carleen Xiong

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: In America, there is an increased interest and growth of integrative medicine (IM) with traditional medicine. Currently, effective IM models exist in lower acute care settings. Identifying these successful models and determining barriers in critical care can pave the way for evidence-based integration into acute critical care units.

Objectives: The purpose of this integrative literature review was to explore current research to examine effective IM models in acute care and recommend evidence-based practices that can be integrated in critical care settings given environment specific barriers.

Method: An integrative literature review was completed to research common traits of effective …

Public Perceptions Of Sugar Sweetened Beverage Taxes: An Integrative Literature Review, Stacy Gates

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Background: Carbonated soft drinks are one of the largest sources of calories in the American diet, providing over 5% of caloric intake, and no significant nutritional value. Governments across the globe have begun to implement sugar sweetened beverage taxes in an attempt to stem the proliferation of these health issues, but such policies remain unpopular and implementation difficult.

Objectives: The purpose of this integrative literature review was to examine the public perception of sugar sweetened beverage taxes and to determine what strategies are needed to successfully implement similar policies in the future.

Method: An integrative literature review …

The Benefits Of Exercise Therapy For Breast Cancer Patients, Fallon Welsh

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: Many strategies for breast cancer prevention and treatment are largely focused on chemotherapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and other pharmacologic therapies, which can be expensive and even may result in long-term morbidity and mortality. Due to the fact that thousands of women are diagnosed with breast cancer every year, improved interventions and non-pharmacologic treatments need to be further investigated.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the benefits and positive outcomes of exercise therapy for patients with breast cancer as well as to identify what types of exercise interventions are favorable to incorporate …

Effects Of Alternative Headache Treatments In Adolescents: An Integrative Literature Review, Joanna Youstra

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Alternative Headache Treatments in Adolescents:

An Integrated Literature Review

Joanna Youstra

Faculty Sponsor: Lauren Rossen

Background: Complementary and alternative therapies can be integrated into treatment to help reduce the level of pain. However, there are limited studies to explore literature for studies to identify the modalities of CAM that have demonstrated efficiency on decreasing headache pain and influencing factors affecting the use of CAM for headache in adolescents.

Objectives: The objective was to determine what are the most commonly used modalities of CAM and what are the factors influencing adolescents to choose CAM use.

Method: An integrative literature review was …

The Next Generation: A Novel Diabetes Elective Course For Pharmacy Students, Catherine Hedigan, Mirna Rezkalla, Matthew Ta, Amy M. Egras, Pharmd, Bcps, Bc-Adm

College of Pharmacy Posters

Background

• 30.3 million people or nearly 10% of the United States are diagnosed with diabetes
• Patients with uncontrolled diabetes often have many clinicians, including pharmacists, to help control their diabetes
• Clinicians that can empathize with patients have shown to improve patient satisfaction and outcomes2
• The Diabetes Immersion elective at Thomas Jefferson University College of Pharmacy is offered to third-year pharmacy students to provide additional knowledge about diabetes through hands-on learning and guest lecturers
• The class emphasizes a well-rounded understanding of diabetes touching on topics that may not otherwise be covered in required courses due to time constraints

Sub-Retinal Abscess As Presenting Feature Of Endogenous Candida Endophthalmitis, Sidra Zafar, Rehman Siddiqui

Section of Ophthalmology

Background: Sub-retinal abscess as the presenting feature in the setting of endogenous fungal endophthalmitis is extremely infrequent. Immunodeficiency states are major predisposing risk factors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of Candida sub-retinal abscess as initial presentation in an immunocompetent patient.
Case Presentation: A 32-year old, generally fit and well, female presented to us with gradually deteriorating vision in her right eye. Visual acuity was counting fingers in the right eye and, 20/30 in the left eye. Right eye fundus examination showed a full thickness, yellowish-white foveal lesion, and significant vitreous haze. Left …

Determining The Adoption And Implementation Of Nutrition Policies At Food Pantries Across The United States, Meagan Helmick

Theses & Dissertations

Food insecurity occurs when there is a lack of access to enough food to live an active, healthy life. Current efforts to address food insecurity include developing and implementing policies, programs, and practices at the federal, state, and local levels. Specifically, local efforts target decreasing food insecurity through emergency food networks including food banks and food pantries. Over the last several years, many food banks and food pantries have worked to improve the nutritional quality of the foods they offer. However, food pantries are smaller and less formal organizations than food banks. Thus, they have limited resources to develop and …

A Translational Evaluation Of Potential Iatrogenic Effects Of Single And Combined Contingencies During Functional Analyses Of Target Responses, Billie Retzlaff

Theses & Dissertations

The interview informed synthesized contingency analysis (IISCA) is controversial, with some extolling its benefits relative to traditional functional analysis (FA; e.g., efficiency; Slaton, Hanley, & Raftery, 2017) and others focusing on its shortcomings (e.g., false-positive outcomes; Fisher, Greer, Romani, Zangrillo, & Owen, 2016). One limitation of prior comparisons is investigators could not ascertain with surety the true function(s) of the participants’ problem behavior for use as the criterion variable. In Chapter 1, we developed a translational study to circumvent this limitation by training a specific function for a surrogate destructive behavior prior to conducting an FA and synthesized contingency analysis …

Properties Of Synaptic Transmission From Rods And Cones In The Outer Plexiform Layer Of The Vertebrate Retina, Xiangyi Wen

Theses & Dissertations

Photoreceptors are the first neurons in the visual system. They transduce changes in light intensity into graded changes in membrane potential that are then transformed into chemical signals by regulating the release of glutamate-filled synaptic vesicles. Rod and cone photoreceptors release glutamate continuously in darkness and release slows in light. To help track rapid changes in light intensity, photoreceptors are capable of both rapid exocytosis and rapid endocytosis of synaptic vesicles.

Endocytosis is needed for recycling synaptic vesicles but also appears to be important for removing proteins and lipids from active zones to restore release site function after prior vesicle …

Development Of Novel Therapies For The Treatment Of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Shrey Kanvinde

Theses & Dissertations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and remittent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Despite extensive research efforts, there is no cure nor a well-defined pathogenesis for IBD. Loss of epithelial barrier function, increased colonic immune cell infiltration and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines are the hallmarks of IBD. Despite treatments like painkillers, aminosalicylates, steroids, and biologics, almost 70% patients require surgery at least once in their life time. The main limitation with most of the current treatments is they are either absorbed systemically or administered systemically resulting in adverse side effects. As a result, there is a huge unmet …

An Evaluation Of The Use Of A Clinical Research Data Warehouse And I2b2 Infrastructure To Facilitate Replication Of Research, Bret Gardner

Theses & Dissertations

Replication of clinical research is requisite for forming effective clinical decisions and guidelines. While rerunning a clinical trial may be unethical and prohibitively expensive, the adoption of EHRs and the infrastructure for distributed research networks provide access to clinical data for observational and retrospective studies. Herein I demonstrate a means of using these tools to validate existing results and extend the findings to novel populations. I describe the process of evaluating published risk models as well as local data and infrastructure to assess the replicability of the study. I use an example of a risk model unable to be replicated …

Harm Reduction Panel, Billy Brooks

ETSU Faculty Works

Objectives are (1) Describe HIV/HCV prevalence in TN and Central Appalachia; (2) Understand syringe access in pharmacy settings. Identify and refer clients to local syringe service programs.

Examining Risk Factors That Inhibit Postpartum Breastfeeding For The Rural Population: An Integrated Review Of Literature, Kiara Porties

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: Breastmilk is a crucial food for children’s health and development, by providing all vitamins, minerals, enzymes and antibodies that children need to grow and thrive. Organizations worldwide recommend only giving an infant breast-milk for the first 6 months of life (no other food or water), and breastfeeding (BF) for two years or beyond. Many mothers do not breastfeed their infant despite the many benefits of breastmilk and recommendations. Determining risk factors for non-initiation and early cessation of breastfeeding will allow nurses to address concerns, improving breastfeeding outcomes.

Objective: The purpose of an integrative literature review was to determine …

Medication Compliance In Elderly Alzheimer Latinos When The Caregiver Is A Family Member, Yolanda Gonzalez

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: As the Latino population is expected to expand in coming decades, it will increase cases of Alzheimer’s disease among the elderly in this group. Culture values deem family members to undertake the caregiving role of their elderly Alzheimer Latino member. The caregiver role includes that the elderly complies with the treatment regime, specifically medication compliance. Equally, the needs of the family caregivers need to be examined to determine the effects of culture, which can contribute to medication adherence.

Objectives: The purpose was to explore the needs of family caregivers and the factors of medication compliance with …