Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

App21 Transgenic Rats Develop Age-Dependent Cognitive Impairment And Microglia Accumulation Within White Matter Tracts, Nina Weishaupt, Qingfan Liu, Sheojung Shin, Ramandeep Singh, Yuksel Agca, Cansu Agca, Vladimir Hachinski, Shawn Narain Whitehead

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Background: Most of the animal models commonly used for preclinical research into Alzheimer's disease (AD) largely fail to address the pathophysiology, including the impact of known risk factors, of the widely diagnosed sporadic form of the disease. Here, we use a transgenic rat (APP21) that does not develop AD-like pathology spontaneously with age, but does develop pathology following vascular stress. To further the potential of this novel rat model as a much-needed pre-clinical animal model of sporadic AD, we characterize APP21 transgenic rats behaviorally and histologically up to 19 months of age. Methods: The open field test was used as …

App21 Transgenic Rats Develop Age-Dependent Cognitive Impairment And Microglia Accumulation Within White Matter Tracts., Nina Weishaupt, Qingfan Liu, Sheojung Shin, Ramandeep Singh, Yuksel Agca, Cansu Agca, Vladimir Hachinski, Shawn Narain Whitehead

Paediatrics Publications

Background

Most of the animal models commonly used for preclinical research into Alzheimer's disease (AD) largely fail to address the pathophysiology, including the impact of known risk factors, of the widely diagnosed sporadic form of the disease. Here, we use a transgenic rat (APP21) that does not develop AD-like pathology spontaneously with age, but does develop pathology following vascular stress. To further the potential of this novel rat model as a much-needed pre-clinical animal model of sporadic AD, we characterize APP21 transgenic rats behaviorally and histologically up to 19 months of age.

Methods

The open field test was used as …

Evaluation Of Botulinum Toxin Therapy For Chronic Anal Fissure, Amr Abu El-Ella, Ayman Al-Khaleegy, Khaled Hassan

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Chronic anal fissure causes severe anal pain that dramatically impairs patient's quality of life. Despite a poorly understood etiology, anal fissures are characterized by continuous spasms of the internal anal sphincter. The work aims to evaluate the efficacy of botulinum toxin (BTX) local injection in relieving symptoms and healing chronic anal fissure and its complications. We also aim to popularize this simple outpatient technique. Patients and methods Thirty patients diagnosed with chronic anal fissure were included in this study. Each patient received 40 units of BTX. All patients were evaluated for pain, bleeding, and healing of the fissure from …

Emergency Surgery For Prosthetic Mitral Valve Dysfunction: Risk Factors And Technical Consideration, Ahmed Saad, H Hafez, M H. Mazen, Mohamed Refaat Kamar, Tharwat Fakhry

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective Prosthetic mitral valve dysfunction remains a devastating complication in heart surgery. This study aims to assess the risk factors and the technical approaches to reach the best way to deal with and improve the outcome in these patients. Patients and methods Between January 2002 and March 2005, 60 patients underwent emergency reoperation for prosthetic mitral valve dysfunction, where 36 (60%) patients were in New York Heart Association class III, and 24 (40%) patients were in New York Heart Association class IV. There were 33 (55%) male and 27 (45%) female patients. The mean age at operation was 32.4 ± …

Endovascular Repair Of Traumatic Subclavian Artery Pseudoaneurysm: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature, Mohamad M. Gouda, Mohamad Taha

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Traumatic subclavian artery injury resulting in pseudoaneurysm formation is relatively uncommon. With the increasing percutaneous arterial interventions utilization worldwide, the number of pseudoaneurysm formation has increased owing to iatrogenic arterial injury. After trauma, injury of subclavian artery early appears, and many complications such as life-threatening bleeding, the creation of pseudoaneurysm, and brachial plexus compression may be caused by the arterial rupture. The presence of large hematoma and pulsatile palpable mass in the supraclavicular region should raise the suspicion of severe vascular injury. Surgical thoracotomy and direct arterial repair traditionally treated subclavian artery pseudoaneurysms. However, significant morbidity is usually associated with …

Validity Of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan In Evaluation Of Trunk Fat In Non-Obese Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Amir S. M. Melika, Ikram I. Alyan, Osama S. El-Dein

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

To detect trunk obesity, which was claimed to be a major cause of insulin resistance, in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. A total of 60 normal weight, with BMI less than 25 kg/m², patients with PCOS were included in the study. DEXA scan was used to assess the body composition of all patients. Metabolic and hormone measurements and cardiovascular risk were determined. All data were collected and compared with 60 healthy controls. Normal-weight patients with PCOS had a higher ratio of total and trunk fat than non-PCOS controls. Moreover, …

Role Of Ankle Peak Systolic Velocity In Predicting Healing Of Diabetic Foot Lesions In Patients With Critical Lower Limb Ischemia, Assem M. Herzallah

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Aim We designed the study for determining if ankle peak systolic velocity (APSV) has value in prediction of healing in diabetic foot lesions in patients with critical lower limb ischemia. APSV is the mean of the peak systolic velocities estimated at the ankle level over the distal tibial arteries. Patient and Methods Patients were included if they had diabetes foot lesions. Such lesions were ulcers, gangrene, or tissue necrosis. In addition, they had nonpalpable pedal pulses. Endpoints were healed or healing foot lesions, revascularization, major amputation, or death. Fifty diabetic limbs were included. Results Twenty-five (50%) limbs with diabetic foot …

Health & Kinesiology News, Georgia Southern University

Health Sciences & Kinesiology: News & Publications (2015-2023)

• Master of Health Administration Recognized as One of the Most Affordable in the Country

Does The Venus De Milo Have A Spinal Deformity?, Kevlian Andrew, Joe Iwanaga, Marios Loukas, Jens Chapman, Rod J Oskouian, R Shane Tubbs

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

The Venus de Milo, an ancient Greek statue, has been viewed as one of the most celebrated pieces of art in Western culture. It was sculpted during the Hellenistic period between 150 and 50 BC and is believed to be the work of Alexandros of Antioch. The sculpture is thought to depict Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love and beauty. When assembled, the two halves of the sculpture meet in an almost horizontal line that is purposefully obscured by a roll of garment around the hips. It has been noted that the midline of the statue's face is displaced slightly. …

Rgs10 Shapes The Hemostatic Response To Injury Through Its Differential Effects On Intracellular Signaling By Platelet Agonists., Peisong Ma, Shuchi Gupta, Sara Sampietro, Daniel Dehelian, Valerie Tutwiler, Alan Tang, Timothy J. Stalker, Lawrence F. Brass

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Platelets express ≥2 members of the regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) family. Here, we have focused on the most abundant, RGS10, examining its impact on the hemostatic response in vivo and the mechanisms involved. We have previously shown that the hemostatic thrombi formed in response to penetrating injuries consist of a core of fully activated densely packed platelets overlaid by a shell of less-activated platelets responding to adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) and thromboxane A2 (TxA2). Hemostatic thrombi formed in RGS10-/- mice were larger than in controls, with the increase due to expansion of the shell but not the core. Clot …

Estimation Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 As A Biomarker In Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease In Patients With Metabolic Syndrome, Amal E. El-Maghraby, Eman A. Aissa, Hoda El H. Ahmed

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common chronic liver pathology especially in developed countries, ranging from simple liver steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Patients with NAFLD having metabolic syndrome have abnormal liver enzymes that positively correlate with the number of metabolic syndrome components. Abdominal ultrasonography is frequently used in epidemiological studies to detect NAFLD. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) is the critical hormone in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome and is associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and abnormal lipid metabolism. Participants and methods A total of 70 patients, 50 patients having NAFLD by ultrasonography and 20 individuals …

The Relation Between Sarcopenia, Associated Factors, And Disease Activity In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ikram I. Alyan

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Aim The aim of this study was to detect the incidence of sarcopenia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and study associated factors. Patients and methods Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess the body composition of 80 patients with RA and 80 healthy controls. Sarcopenia was defined as a relative skeletal muscle index of less than 5.5 kg/m² in male and less than 7.26 kg/m² in female patients. BMI, waist circumference, and disease activity score 28 erythrocyte sedimentation rate were used to assess disease activity. Functional disability was measured using Health Assessment Questionnaire, and 4-m gait speed …

Assessment Of Evaluated Pulmonary Vascular Resistance By Isoproterenol Infusion In Patients With Atrial Septal Defects, Amir S. Michael

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Aim and Background Congenital heart diseases constitute a major category of disorders associated with pulmonary hypertension in atrial septal defect there is tendency to repair essentially all large defect except some of those with severe obstructive pulmonary vascular diseases. in this study the isoproterenol is used for assessment of patients with atrial septal defect, with elevated pulmonary / systemic vascular resistance ratio. Methods and Results 100 cases with atrial septal defect, with pulmonary hypertension received isoproterenol infusion. Haemodynamic findings found among all patients with atrial septal defect before and after isoproterenol infusion. There is a significant in pulmonary blood flow …

Assessment Of Value Of Adding Low Dose Of Intermediate-Acting Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxant To Local Anesthesia And Hyaluronidase Mixture Percaruncular And Peribulbar Anesthesia For High Myopes In Ophthalmic Surgery, Alaa A. Ibrahim, Ashraf A. M. Soliman

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess thevalue of adding low-dose intermediate-acting nondepolarizing muscle relaxant to local anesthesia and hyaluronidase mixture percaruncular and peribulbar anesthesia for high myopes in ophthalmic surgery. Patients and methods A total of 82 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists I–III planned for elective ophthalmic surgery with high myopes enrolled in a double-blind comparative study. The atients were randomized into one of the two groups: group A (n = 42) patients received lidocaine, bupivacaine (local anesthesia), hyaluronidase, and atracurium (intermediate-acting nondepolarizing muscle relaxant) percaruncular and peribulbar. Group B patients received local anesthesia, hyaluronidase …

Assessment Of Value Of Epidural Magnesium Sulfate In Postoperative Analgesia After Lower Limb Vascular Surgery, Ashraf A. M. Soliman

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective The aim of the study was to assess the value of epidural magnesium sulfate in postoperative analgesia after lower limb vascular surgery. Patients and methods A total of 80 patients planned for elective lower limb vascular surgery were enrolled in a double-blind comparative study. Their ages were between 30 and 60 years and were of ASA physical status I–III. Patients were randomly distributed into two group: group A (n = 40) included patients who received 100-mg magnesium sulfate in 6 ml normal saline 0.9% plus 4 mg morphine epidurally, and group B (n = 40) had patients …

Femoral Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheter As A Permanent Access For Hemodialysis Patients, Ahmed A. Morsi, Assem M. Herzallah, Mohamed T. Y. Madkour, Tarek S. Elshanshoury

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Vascular access (VA) remains the cornerstone in HD patients. The survival of the patients becomes risky if approaches like arteriovenous fistulae, grafts, and thoracic tunneled central catheters are used with no benefits. The options become limited to transplantation, dialysis through the peritoneum, and catheter insertion translumbarally or femorally, which in some cases is the only available approach. Methods We are discussing our experience from Mataria Teaching Hospital with 17 patients; in those patients, all the vascular procedures were used with no benefits. We could not perform other options like transplantation or peritoneal dialysis. Hence, we chose femoral tunneled catheters …

A Surprising Incidence Of Mammary Duct Ectasia In Egyptian Female Individuals: A 20-Year Experience, Adel K. Barsoum

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

The vast majority of breast pathology is benign. Much attention is given to malignant lesions because breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Duct ectasia is one of the benign breast diseases; Haagenson was the first to use the term. It is a widening of the ducts of the breast, a condition that occurs most frequently in women in their fourth and fifth decade of life. American Cancer Society states that mammary duct ectasia does not increase the risk for developing breast cancer, as duct ectasia is considered a nonproliferative disease (cells that have changed but are not …

Laparoscopic Omental Patch Repair For Perforated Peptic Ulcer: An Early Experience From Al-Sahel Teaching Hospital, Amr M. Abulfadle, Ashraf M. Habeeb, Ayman A. Al-Khaleegy, Khaled M. Hassan

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Peptic ulceration is a common condition. The most common etiologic factors are drugs use like NSAIDs and infection by Helicobacter pylori. The perforated duodenal ulceration is not an uncommon surgical emergency, ur aim was to show our experience with Laparoscopic omental patch repair for perforated peptic ulcer. Patient and Method In this study, we included 16 patients who underwent laparoscopic repair of perforated duodenal ulcer at our department. The patients were urgently admitted to the emergency department. Result In our study, we have neither morbidity nor mortality. The recorded time for the operation was 72–90 min, and the …

Monocarboxylate Transporter 4 (Mct4) Knockout Mice Have Attenuated 4nqo Induced Carcinogenesis; A Role For Mct4 In Driving Oral Squamous Cell Cancer., Sara Bisetto, Diana Whitaker Menezes, Nicole A. Wilski, Madalina Tuluc, Joseph Curry, Tingting Zhan, Christopher M. Snyder, Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outshoorn, Nancy J. Philp

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the 6th most common human cancer and affects approximately 50,000 new patients every year in the US. The major risk factors for HNSCC are tobacco and alcohol consumption as well as oncogenic HPV infections. Despite advances in therapy, the overall survival rate for all-comers is only 50%. Understanding the biology of HNSCC is crucial to identifying new biomarkers, implementing early diagnostic approaches and developing novel therapies. As in several other cancers, HNSCC expresses elevated levels of MCT4, a member of the SLC16 family of monocarboxylate transporters. MCT4 is a H⁺-linked …

Leveraging Pet To Image Folate Receptor Α Therapy Of An Antibody-Drug Conjugate, Christian Brand, Ahmad Sadique, Jacob L. Houghton, Kishore Gangagari, Jose F. Ponte, Jason S. Lewis, Naga Vara Kishore Pillarsetty, Joseph A. Konner, Thomas Reiner

Publications and Research

Background: The folate receptor α (FRα)-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), IMGN853, shows great antitumor activity against FRα-expressing tumors in vivo, but patient selection and consequently therapy outcome are based on immunohistochemistry. The aim of this study is to develop an antibody-derived immuno-PET imaging agent strategy for targeting FRα in ovarian cancer as a predictor of treatment success. Methods: We developed [89Zr]Zr-DFO-M9346A, a humanized antibody-based radiotracer targeting tumorassociated FRα in the preclinical setting. [89Zr]Zr-DFO-M9346A’s binding ability was tested in an in vitro uptake assay using cell lines with varying FRα expression levels. The diagnostic potential of [89Zr]Zr-M9346A was evaluated in KB and …

Empowering With Prep (E-Prep), A Peer-Led Social Media–Based Intervention To Facilitate Hiv Preexposure Prophylaxis Adoption Among Young Black And Latinx Gay And Bisexual Men: Protocol For A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, Viraj V. Patel, Zoë Ginsburg, Sarit A. Golub, Keith J. Horvath, Nataly Rios, Kenneth H. Mayer, Ryunh S. Kim, Julia H. Arnsten

Publications and Research

Background: Young black and Latinx, gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (YBLGBM, aged 18-29 years) have among the highest rates of new HIV infections in the United States and are not consistently reached by existing prevention interventions. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), an oral antiretroviral regimen taken daily by HIV-uninfected individuals to prevent HIV acquisition, is highly efficacious in reducing HIV acquisition and could help stop the HIV epidemic in YBLGBM. Use of social media (eg, Facebook, Twitter, online dating sites) is ubiquitous among young people, providing an efficient avenue to engage YBLGBM to facilitate PrEP adoption.

Objective: …

Metformin As A Therapeutic Target In Endometrial Cancers., Teresa Lee, Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outshoorn, Russell J. Schilder, Christine H. Kim, Scott D. Richard, Norman G. Rosenblum, Jennifer Johnson

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in developed countries. Its increasing incidence is thought to be related in part to the rise of metabolic syndrome, which has been shown to be a risk factor for the development of hyperestrogenic and hyperinsulinemic states. This has consequently lead to an increase in other hormone-responsive cancers as well e.g., breast and ovarian cancer. The correlation between obesity, hyperglycemia, and endometrial cancer has highlighted the important role of metabolism in cancer establishment and persistence. Tumor-mediated reprogramming of the microenvironment and macroenvironment can range from induction of cytokines and growth factors to stimulation …

What's Happening: August 27, 2018, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Ubiquitin Regulation: The Histone Modifying Enzyme's Story, Jianlin Wang, Zhaoping Qiu, Yadi Wu

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Histone post-translational modifications influence many fundamental cellular events by regulating chromatin structure and gene transcriptional activity. These modifications are highly dynamic and tightly controlled, with many enzymes devoted to the addition and removal of these modifications. Interestingly, these modifying enzymes are themselves fine-tuned and precisely regulated at the level of protein turnover by ubiquitin-proteasomal processing. Here, we focus on recent progress centered on the mechanisms regulating ubiquitination of histone modifying enzymes, including ubiquitin proteasomal degradation and the reverse process of deubiquitination. We will also discuss the potential pathophysiological significance of these processes.

Laboratory Diagnosis Of Neurocysticercosis (Taenia Solium), Hector H. Garcia, Seth E. O'Neal, John Noh, Sukwan Handali

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Neurocysticercosis accounts for approximately 30% of all epilepsy cases in most developing countries. The immunodiagnosis of cysticercosis is complex and strongly influenced by the course of infection, the disease burden, the cyst location, and the immune response of the host. The main approach to immunodiagnosis should thus be to evaluate whether the serological results are consistent with the diagnosis suggested by imaging. Antibody detection is performed using lentil lectin-purified parasite antigens in an enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot format, while antigen detection uses a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Promising new assay configurations have been developed for the detection of both …

Bevacizumab: A Rare Cause Of Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy., Oreoluwa Oladiran, Salik Nazir

Reading Hospital Internal Medicine Residency

Left ventricular dysfunction is a rare side effect of bevacizumab occurring in 2-4% of cases. We report the case of a 68-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department (ED) with sudden onset of shortness of breath, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. She was tachypneic and in respiratory distress. Physical examination revealed jugular venous distention, diffuse expiratory wheeze, and bipedal edema. She had been started on bevacizumab for the treatment of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia 1 month prior to presentation. Laboratory tests revealed BNP of 1697 pg/ml with slightly elevated troponin 0.05 ng/ml. Chest X-ray showed interstitial edema with cardiomegaly, and …

Week Of August 27, 2018, New York Medical College

InTouch

• Michelle Novotny, M.A., Is Named Associate Dean for Admissions and Enrollment Management in the School of Health Sciences and Practice
• Anthony M. Sozzo, M.A., M.S.Ed., Reprises Role as NASFAA Graduate/Professional Caucus Chair
• HSL Hosts "Fire and Freedom: Food and Enslavement in Early America" Exhibit
• NYMC Hosts Fourth Annual East-West Integrative Medical Symposium for Immunology and Wellness

Improving Analgesia Administration For Pediatric Patients In A Rural Emergency Department, Alvin R. Walters

DNP Qualifying Manuscripts

When a child is in pain, parents often seek out treatment at an emergency department. After a detailed chart review it was determined that only 32.53% of the pediatric patients who present to a rural, northern California, ED in pain receive any documented form of analgesia during their time in the ED. A review of the literature revealed that triage nurse-initiated protocols can successfully manage to provide consistent and efficient analgesia to patients who present to an ED with pain. Therefore, a practice improvement project was undertaken to increase of the consistency and efficiency of analgesia administration for pediatric patients …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - August 26, 2018, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the August 26, 2018 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

• USA Health Announces New Name for Hospital
• Dr. Wilburn Bolton III Returns to USA College of Medicine
• USA Physicians Group Welcomes New Trauma/Critical Care Physician Assistant
• Clyde G. 'Sid' Huggins Medical Student Research Awards Announced
• Mobile Medical Museum to Host 'Dreaming at Dawn: African Americans and Health Care'
• Mark Your Calendar: Randall W. Powell Endowed Memorial Lectureship
• Rebecca Dicks Receives Edwin R. Hughes Memorial Award
• College of Medicine Welcomes New Basic Medical Sciences Students

The Research On Chinese Ocean-Going Seafarers’ Mental Health And Its Impacts On Navigation Safety, Wenqing Xie

Maritime Safety & Environment Management Dissertations (Dalian)

No abstract provided.