Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Age-Associated Alterations In Corpus Callosum White Matter Integrity In Bipolar Disorder Assessed Using Probabilistic Tractography, N. Toteja, P. Guvenek-Cokol, T. Ikuta, V. Kafantaris, B. D. Peters, K. E. Burdick, M. John, A. K. Malhotra, P. Szeszko

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVES: Atypical age-associated changes in white matter integrity may play a role in the neurobiology of bipolar disorder, but no studies have examined the major white matter tracts using nonlinear statistical modeling across a wide age range in this disorder. The goal of this study was to identify possible deviations in the typical pattern of age-associated changes in white matter integrity in patients with bipolar disorder across the age range of 9-62 years. METHODS: Diffusion tensor imaging was performed in 57 (20 male and 37 female) patients with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and 57 (20 male and 37 female) …

Genome-Wide Mapping Of Ibd Segments In An Ashkenazi Pd Cohort Identifies Associated Haplotypes, V. Vacic, L. J. Ozelius, L. N. Clark, A. Bar-Shira, M. Gana-Weisz, T. Gurevich, A. Gusev, S. Guha, T. Lencz, A. Orr-Urtreger, +10 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

The recent series of large genome-wide association studies in European and Japanese cohorts established that Parkinson disease (PD) has a substantial genetic component. To further investigate the genetic landscape of PD, we performed a genome-wide scan in the largest to date Ashkenazi Jewish cohort of 1130 Parkinson patients and 2611 pooled controls. Motivated by the reduced disease allele heterogeneity and a high degree of identical-by-descent (IBD) haplotype sharing in this founder population, we conducted a haplotype association study based on mapping of shared IBD segments. We observed significant haplotype association signals at three previously implicated Parkinson loci: LRRK2 (OR = …

In Reference To "The Value Of Resident Presentations At Scientific Meetings", J. A. Eloy, P. F. Svider, A. J. Folbe, M. Setzen, S. Baredes

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Expression Of Blimp-1 In Dendritic Cells Modulates The Innate Inflammatory Response In Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis, S. J. Kim, J. Goldstein, K. Dorso, M. Merad, L. Mayer, J. M. Crawford, P. K. Gregersen, B. Diamond

Journal Articles

A single nucleotide polymorphism of PRDM1, the gene encoding Blimp-1, is strongly associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we demonstrate that Blimp-1 in CD103(+) dendritic cells (DCs) critically contributes to the regulation of macrophage homeostasis in the colon. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-exposed Blimp-1(cko) mice with a deletion of Blimp-1 in CD103(+) DCs and CD11c(hi) macrophages exhibited severe inflammatory symptoms, pronounced weight loss, high mortality, robust infiltration of neutrophils in epithelial regions of the colon, an increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and a significant decrease in CD103(+) DCs in the colon compared with DSS exposed wild-type (WT) mice. Purified colonic macrophages …

Schwannoma Of The Cervical Esophagus, M. Ferrante, A. Khan, C. Fan, F. Z. Jelloul

Journal Articles

Esophageal schwannoma is a rare tumor first described in 1967 by Chaterlin and Fissore. These tumors are most commonly found incidentally or from diagnostic work up of dysphagia or dyspnea. This entity cannot be diagnosed on clinical or radiographic basis alone. Histology demonstrates palisading spindle cells, few if any mitotic figures, and a peripheral cuff of lymphoid cells. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells stain positive for S100, a characteristic marker of Schwann cells. Once diagnosed, surgical enucleation is the typical treatment method employed.

Aggressive Renal Angiomyolipoma Of The Lipomatous Variant With Inferior Vena Cava Thrombus: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature, C. Fox, S. S. Salami, D. M. Moreira, G. S. Landis, D. Chan, O. Yaskiv, M. A. Vira

Journal Articles

Two variants of renal angiomyolipoma (AML)—classic and epithelioid—have been described. Although the epithelioid variant has been reported to demonstrate an aggressive clinical behavior, classic AML is usually benign. Herein, we report a case of a 42-year-old asymptomatic woman with a lipomatous variant of renal AML associated with an inferior vena cava thrombus managed with radical nephrectomy and caval thrombectomy.

Mantle Cell Lymphoma With In Situ Or Mantle Zone Growth Pattern: A Study Of Five Cases And Review Of Literature, P. Hsu, T. Yang, S. Sheikh-Fayyaz, J. Brody, J. Bandovic, S. Roy, J. Laser, J. E. Kolitz, C. Devoe, X. Zhang

Journal Articles

We present two rare cases of in situ mantle cell lymphoma ("in situ MCL") and three cases of MCL with mantle zone growth pattern (MCL-MZGP). The patients include four males and one female, with a median age of 66 years (range, 52 to 86 years). Two present with isolated lymphadenopathy and three with multiple lymphadenopathy. At presentation, the complete blood count (CBC) and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are normal in all cases. Histologic examination reveals an in situ pattern in two cases and a mantle zone growth pattern in three cases. The staging bone marrow biopsies show minimal involvement by …

Arthroscopic Treatment Of Bucket-Handle Labral Tear And Acetabular Fracture, K. J. Stabile, J. A. Neumann, S. Mannava, E. A. Howse, A. J. Stubbs

Journal Articles

Traumatic hip dislocations are associated with chondral and labral pathology as well as loose bodies that can be incarcerated in the joint. These types of injury often lead to traumatic arthritis. In some cases an osseo-labral fragment may become incarcerated in the joint that is not readily visualized preoperatively. In place of open surgery, hip arthroscopy permits a technique to remove loose bodies and repair labral tears to restore joint congruity and achieve fracture reduction and fixation.

Inhibition Of Extracellular Hmgb1 Attenuates Hyperoxia-Induced Inflammatory Acute Lung Injury, M. Entezari, M. Javdan, D. J. Antoine, D. M. Morrow, R. A. Sitapara, V. Patel, M. Wang, L. Sharma, H. Wang, L. L. Mantell, +7 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Prolonged exposure to hyperoxia results in acute lung injury (ALI), accompanied by a significant elevation in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and leukocyte infiltration in the lungs. However, the mechanisms underlying hyperoxia-induced proinflammatory ALI remain to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of the proinflammatory cytokine high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) in hyperoxic inflammatory lung injury, using an adult mouse model. The exposure of C57BL/6 mice to >/=99% O2 (hyperoxia) significantly increased the accumulation of HMGB1 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) prior to the onset of severe inflammatory lung injury. In the airways of …

Comment On "Effectiveness Of Naltrexone In The Prevention Of Delayed Respiratory Arrest In Opioid-Naive Methadone-Intoxicated Patients'', B. D. Kessler, R. S. Hoffman

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Arthroscopic Hip Labral Repair: The Iberian Suture Technique, A. J. Stubbs, J. S. Andersen, S. Mannava, B. M. Wooster, E. A. Howse, S. B. Winter

Journal Articles

Arthroscopic hip labral repair has beneficial short-term outcomes; however, debate exists regarding ideal surgical labral repair technique. This technical note presents an arthroscopic repair technique that uses intrasubstance labral suture passage to restore the chondrolabral interface. This "Iberian suture technique" allows for an anatomic repair while posing minimal risk of damage to the labral and chondral tissues.

Should Osteopathic Students Applying To Allopathic Emergency Medicine Programs Take The Usmle Exam?, M. Weizberg, D. Kass, A. Hussains, J. Cohen, B. Hahn

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: Board scores are an important aspect of an emergency medicine (EM) residency application. Residency directors use these standardized tests to objectively evaluate an applicant's potential and help decide whether to interview a candidate. While allopathic (MD) students take the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE), osteopathic (DO) students take the Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination (COMLEX). It is difficult to compare these scores. Previous literature proposed an equation to predict USMLE based on COMLEX. Recent analyses suggested this may no longer be accurate. DO students applying to allopathic programs frequently ask whether they should take USMLE to overcome this …

Bilateral Hydronephrosis And Cystitis Resulting From, V. H. Tran, M. Nelson, J. Nogar, R. M. Bramante

Journal Articles

Ketamine associated urinary dysfunction has become increasingly more common worldwide. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is an established modality for diagnosing hydronephrosis in the emergency department. We describe a case of a young male ketamine abuser with severe urinary urgency and frequency in which POCUS performed by the emergency physician demonstrated bilateral hydronephrosis and a focally thickened irregular shaped bladder. Emergency physicians should consider using POCUS evaluate for hydronephrosis and bladder changes in ketamine abusers with lower urinary tract symptoms. The mainstay of treatment is discontinuing ketamine abuse.

Selecting Valid Questionnaires For A Longitudinal Study Of African-American College Student Health, Matthew Collins

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Purpose: To create a modular public health questionnaire that can be used to conduct longitudinal academic research in the areas of sleep habits, dietary habits, cardiovascular disease risk, and physical activity and sedentary behavior in an African American collegiate population. Methods: A literature search for questionnaires used in collegiate studies was conducted separately for each category via PubMed. Valid questionnaires were identified and critically reviewed.

Results: Questionnaires recommended for use were the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, Rate Your Plate Questionnaire, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form. For the category of cardiovascular disease risk, no calculators provide a result for …

Analysis Of Barriers To The Successful Prevention And Management Of Pediatric Obesity And Their Relationship To Care At Community Health Centers, Rebecca Beesley, Nicole Craker

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Despite international attention, pediatric obesity continues to burden healthcare. Much research has been done to identify barriers to the successful reduction of childhood overweight and obesity, however, a more condensed and accessible compilation of these barriers was lacking. A literature review was done to identify the barriers healthcare providers perceive to the prevention and management of pediatric obesity. It was performed in Fall of 2013 from the following databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ERIC, and SocIndex. Two independent reviewers selected relevant articles, developed a coding template, and extracted themes. Barriers to the prevention and management of pediatric obesity fell into three …

2014 Transactions, American Dental Association

ADA Transactions

This item is part of the Transactions of the ADA, a serial publication of the annual activities of the ADA House of Delegates (HOD)/Board of Trustees (BOT). It is from the Transactions section, one of three subtitles that make up the full publication. Generally, the ADA Transactions are published in multiple volumes throughout the year. Pages from the Annual Reports and the Transactions are numbered consecutively (e.g. Annual Reports volume ends pg. 500 and Transactions volume starts at pg. 501). NOTE: All three subtitles are collectively known as the Transactions of the ADA or, alternatively, the ADA Transactions. Transactions refers …

A Test Of The Efficacy Of A Brief, Web-Based Personalized Feedback Intervention To Reduce Drinking Among 9th Grade Students, Diana Doumas, Susan Esp, Rob Turrisi, Robin Hausheer, Courtney Cuffee

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

Alcohol use increases substantially during the transition from middle school to high school. This study tested a brief, web-based personalized feedback program aimed at reducing risk factors for drinking, alcohol use, and alcohol-related consequences among 9th grade students. At a 3-month follow-up, students in the intervention group showed positive results relative to those in the control group on variables associated with reduced risk, including positive alcohol expectancies and positive beliefs about alcohol. Students in the intervention group also reported a reduction in drinking frequency and alcohol-related consequences relative to those in the control group. There were, however, no differences in …

Helping The Community From The Bottom Up: Distributing Diapers To The Williamsburg Community, Constance A. Hull, Caroline Kelsey

VA Engage Journal

There is a great need for a sustainable supply of clean diapers for low-income residents of Williamsburg since this region is without a diaper bank. Being unable to afford diapers can have a myriad of negative consequences from being unable to send children to child care to increased health risks involved in leaving a baby in a soiled diaper. Our model of a diaper bank differs from most because we mail diapers directly to families, eliminating transportation needs. We hope to partner with community agencies and The College of William & Mary to expand our services and create a more …

Diabetes Prevention Of The Hispanic Population: Health Lifestyle Management Education At Our Lady Of Guadelupe Clinic In Worthington, Minnesota., Laura J. Bade, Amber E. Dionne, Erin A. Manoles, Lisa R. Milbrant

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research study was to utilize educational tools on healthy lifestyles in order to promote Diabetes Mellitus Type II (DMII) prevention in the Hispanic population in Worthington, Minnesota. Hispanic adults are 1.7 times more likely to be diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) by a physician than non-Hispanics. Since DMII is a preventable disease, education focused on nutrition and activity will help prevent diabetes and its associated comorbidities. An educational seminar was conducted at Our Lady of Guadalupe in Worthington, Minnesota. A pretest/posttest was administered to assess the knowledge gained with the utilization of the educational tool. Despite …

Bmp2 Induced Osteogenic Differentiation Of Human Umbilical Cord Stem Cells In A Peptide-Based Hydrogel Scaffold, Shruthi Lakshmana

Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Craniofacial tissue loss due to traumatic injuries and congenital defects is a major clinical problem around the world. Cleft palate is the second most common congenital malformation in the United States occurring with an incidence of 1 in 700. Some of the problems associated with this defect are feeding difficulties, speech abnormalities and dentofacial anomalies. Current treatment protocol offers repeated surgeries with extended healing time. Our long-term goal is to regenerate bone in the palatal region using tissue-engineering approaches. Bone tissue engineering utilizes osteogenic cells, osteoconductive scaffolds and osteoinductive signals. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human umbilical cord (HUMSCs) are …

Ethical Dilemmas Posed In The Care Of Obese Patients In The Emergency Department, Arvind Venkat, Gregory Luke Larkin

Journal of Health Ethics

The rising prevalence of obesity represents a health care crisis. As the gateway to the health care system, the emergency department is the clinical setting where the difficulties posed by the care of obese patients are heightened. These difficulties include the increasing burden of obesity-related illnesses, the challenges posed in diagnostic evaluation and treatment and the known barriers to access to care seen in this patient population. The limitations posed by obesity on care in the emergency department, the one guaranteed access point for medical treatment, creates a series of ethical dilemmas for emergency physicians and the facilities in which …

Understanding And Treating The Psychosocial Consequences Of Infertility, Arthur L. Greil, Lone Schmidt, Brennan Peterson

Marriage and Family Therapy Faculty Books and Book Chapters

Psychological distress and infertility are linked in a complex pattern, such that distress may be a cause of infertility and reduce the probability of achieving a pregnancy at the same time that infertility may be a cause of psychological distress. Although infertile women are not more likely to be characterized by psychopathology, they are more likely to experience higher levels of distress than comparison groups. Infertile men also experience psychological distress, but women experience more infertility distress than men. Both infertility and its treatment are stressors putting a heavy psychological strain on couple relationships. Whereas there is general agreement about …

A New Methodology For The Synthesis Of 2-Alkyl-5,6-Bis(Alkylthio)Benzo[D]Thiazole-4,7-Dione, Jeena Foronda

Capstone Research Projects

Cancer is a rapidly growing fatal disease and with the various thiazole compounds being scientifically generated, possible treatment options can be implemented. Proper synthesis of 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone allows for a variety of compounds to be made with further treatment of alkylthio reagents. Both thioacetamide and thiobenzamide are used to react with 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone in order to build a library of thiazoles. Final compounds can be tested for the ability to inhibit recombinant enzyme activity and the capability to kill tumor cells. A basic oxidation procedure along with nucleophilic attack was used to create target products.

Genomic And Clinical Assessment Of Norrie Disease/Nd, Sourat Darabi, Annamalar Jeyasehar, Sloan Lemmon, Julie Eggert

Health, Education and Human Development Awards

Norrie Disease is a very rare x-linked recessive disorder that affects males from birth. The primary feature is congenital blindness. The purpose of this poster is to discuss the clinical features of Norrie Disease, assess the pattern of genetic inheritance with family history and pedigree data, highlight the genetic diagnosis via linkage analysis, deletion/duplication assay, and gene sequencing techniques, and indicate treatment of Norrie Disease. Mutation of the NDP gene, the subsequent disruption in the Norrin protein, the resulting phenotype in individuals affected by this mutation, as well as clinical diagnosis and treatment, are features of this presentation. The genetic …

Mitochondrial Dna Copy Numbers In Pyramidal Neurons Are Decreased And Mitochondrial Biogenesis Transcriptome Signaling Is Disrupted In Alzheimer’S Disease Hippocampi, Ann C. Rice, Paula M. Keeney, Norah K. Algarzae, Amy C. Ladd, Ravindar R. Thomas, James P. Bennett

Neurology Publications

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major cause of adult-onset dementia and is characterized in its pre-diagnostic stage by reduced cerebral cortical glucose metabolism and in later stages by reduced cortical oxygen uptake, implying reduced mitochondrial respiration. Using quantitative PCR we determined the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene copy numbers from multiple groups of 15 or 20 pyramidal neurons, GFAP(+) astrocytes and dentate granule neurons isolated using laser capture microdissection, and the relative expression of mitochondrial biogenesis (mitobiogenesis) genes in hippocampi from 10 AD and 9 control (CTL) cases. AD pyramidal but not dentate granule neurons had significantly reduced mtDNA copy numbers …

Letrozole Versus Clomiphene For Infertility In The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Richard S. Legro, Robert Bryzki, Michael Diamond, Christos Coutifaris, William D. Schlaff, Peter Casson, Gregory M. Christman, Hao Huang, Qingshang Yan, Ruben Alvero, Daniel J. Haisenleder, Kurt T. Barnhart, G. Wright Bates, Rebecca Usadi, Scott Lucidi, Valerie Baker, J. C. Trussell, Stephen A. Krawetz, Peter Snyder, Dana Ohl, Nanette Santoro, Esther Eisenberg, Heping Zhang

Obstetrics and Gynecology Publications

BACKGROUND

Clomiphene is the current first-line infertility treatment in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome, but aromatase inhibitors, including letrozole, might result in better pregnancy outcomes.

Full Text of Background...

METHODS

In this double-blind, multicenter trial, we randomly assigned 750 women, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive letrozole or clomiphene for up to five treatment cycles, with visits to determine ovulation and pregnancy, followed by tracking of pregnancies. The polycystic ovary syndrome was defined according to modified Rotterdam criteria (anovulation with either hyperandrogenism or polycystic ovaries). Participants were 18 to 40 years of age, had at least one patent fallopian …

Its All In The Mind: Mind Controlled Prosthetics, Tziril Joselit

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

The problem with prosthetics is a longstanding problem that researchers have been working on for many years. They are attempting to create a prosthetic that acts as if it is the original limb or body part. In recent years they have discovered a technology that has assisted many of those who are greatly in need of a prosthetic, such as an amputee or someone who is “locked in”. “Locked in” refers to a person who is technically confined in his own body and has no methods of communication with the world. Brain-computer interface (BCI) has opened up a whole new …

Factors Associated With Risky Sexual Behavior Among Unmarried Most-At-Risk Young People In Cambodia, Siyan Yi, Sovannary Tuot, Kunthearith Yung, Sanh Kim, Chhorvann Chhea, Vonthanak Saphonn

Background: Recent surveys suggest that adolescents and young adults in Southeast Asian nations are at great risks of sexual reproductive health issues. This study explored factors associated with risky sexual behavior (RSB) among unmarried most-at-risk young people in Cambodia. Methods: A two-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 1,204 boys and 1,166 girls aged 10-24 from 252 hotspots in the capital city and seven provinces. A five-item scale was constructed to measure RSB. All variables were entered simultaneously in multivariate logistic regression models if they were significantly associated with RSB in bivariate analyses. Results: Of total, …

Probiotics: Achieving A Better Regulatory Fit, Diane E. Hoffmann, Claire M. Fraser, Francis Palumbo, Jacques Ravel, Virginia Rowthorn, Jack Schwartz

Faculty Scholarship

In 2007, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) launched the Human Microbiome Project (HMP), a $150 million initiative to characterize the microbial communities found at several different sites on the human body and to analyze the role of these microbes in human health and disease. Many lines of research have demonstrated the significant role of the microbiota in human physiology. The microbiota is involved, for example, in the healthy development of the immune system, prevention of infection from pathogenic or opportunistic microbes, and maintenance of intestinal barrier function. The HMP findings are helping us understand the role and variation of …

The Sustainable Action Against Hiv And Aids In Communities (Sahacom): Impacts On Health And Quality Of Life Of People Living With Hiv In Cambodia, Siyan Yi, Pheak Chhoun, Samantha Brant, Kelley Kita, Samedy Suong, Kouland Thin, Sovannary Tuot

This study evaluated the impacts of the Sustainable Action against HIV and AIDS in Communities (SAHACOM) Project on health and quality of life of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Outcome indicators from baseline documentation (2010) were compared to those obtained at midterm (2012) and end line (2014). Results showed that HIV prevalence among pregnant women aged 15–24 attending antenatal care decreased from 0.5% at baseline to 0.3% at midterm and end line. Proportion of PLHIV who were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) 12 months after the initiation of the treatment increased from 85% at baseline and midterm to 89.5% at end …