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2014

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Articles 6391 - 6420 of 9579

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Dose-Escalation Of Human Anti-Interferon-Alpha Receptor Monoclonal Antibody Medi-546 In Subjects With Systemic Sclerosis: A Phase 1, Multicenter, Open Label Study, A. Goldberg, T. Geppert, E. Schiopu, T. Frech, V. Hsu, R. W. Simms, S. L. Peng, Y. H. Yao, N. Elgeioushi, S. Yoo, +2 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Dose-Escalation Of Human Anti-Interferon-Alpha Receptor Monoclonal Antibody Medi-546 In Subjects With Systemic Sclerosis: A Phase 1, Multicenter, Open Label Study, A. Goldberg, T. Geppert, E. Schiopu, T. Frech, V. Hsu, R. W. Simms, S. L. Peng, Y. H. Yao, N. Elgeioushi, S. Yoo, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Introduction: Type I interferons (IFNs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). MEDI-546 is an investigational human monoclonal antibody directed against the type I IFN receptor. This Phase 1 study evaluated the safety/tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), immunogenicity, and pharmacodynamics (PD) of single and multiple intravenous doses of MEDI-546 in adults with SSc. Methods: Subjects (>= 18 years) with SSc were enrolled in an open-label, dose-escalation study to receive single (0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, 10.0, or 20.0 mg/kg), or 4 weekly intravenous doses (0.3, 1.0, or 5.0 mg/kg/week) of MEDI-546. Subjects were followed for 12 weeks. Safety assessments included …

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Effects Of Prostaglandin E-2 On P53 Mrna Transcription And P53 Mutagenesis During T-Cell-Independent Human B-Cell Clonal Expansion, S. Haque, X. J. Yan, L. Rosen, S. Mccormick, N. Chiorazzi, P. K. A. Mongini Jan 2014

Effects Of Prostaglandin E-2 On P53 Mrna Transcription And P53 Mutagenesis During T-Cell-Independent Human B-Cell Clonal Expansion, S. Haque, X. J. Yan, L. Rosen, S. Mccormick, N. Chiorazzi, P. K. A. Mongini

Journal Articles

Within T-cell-dependent germinal centers, p53 gene transcription is repressed by Bcl-6 and is thus less vulnerable to mutation. Malignant lymphomas within inflamed extranodal sites exhibit a relatively high incidence of p53 mutations. The latter might originate from normal B-cell clones manifesting activation-induced cytosine deaminase (AID) and up-regulated p53 following T-cell-independent (TI) stimulation. We here examine p53 gene transcription in such TI clones, with a focus on modulatory effects of prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)), and evaluate progeny for p53 mutations. Resting IgM(+)IgD(+)CD27(-) B cells from human tonsils were labeled with CFSE and stimulated in vitro with complement-coated antigen surrogate, IL-4, and BAFF …

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Effects Of Pulmonary Rehabilitation On Fatigue Severity Scale In Patients With Lung Disease, A. Talwar, S. Sahni, S. John, S. Verma, J. Cardenas-Garcia, N. Kohn Jan 2014

Effects Of Pulmonary Rehabilitation On Fatigue Severity Scale In Patients With Lung Disease, A. Talwar, S. Sahni, S. John, S. Verma, J. Cardenas-Garcia, N. Kohn

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: Fatigue is a known symptom of advanced lung disease and impacts quality of life and psychological health. Many of these patients undergo pulmonary rehabilitation as part of their therapy. Understanding the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on fatigue in these patients is important, as one may be able to design more focused rehabilitation programs. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on fatigue as measured by the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) in patients with advanced lung disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients were enrolled in a standardized 6 week pulmonary rehabilitation program. They were asked …

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Electromagnetic Interference With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators Causing Inadvertent Shock: Case Report And Review Of Current Literature, M. Akhtar, T. Bhat, M. Tantray, C. Lafferty, S. Faisal, S. Teli, H. Bhat, M. Raza, M. Khalid, S. Biekht Jan 2014

Electromagnetic Interference With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators Causing Inadvertent Shock: Case Report And Review Of Current Literature, M. Akhtar, T. Bhat, M. Tantray, C. Lafferty, S. Faisal, S. Teli, H. Bhat, M. Raza, M. Khalid, S. Biekht

Journal Articles

As the number of patients having implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) devices is increasing, it is important for the physicians and patients to be aware of situations and conditions that can result in interference with normal functioning of these devices. There are multiple cases of malfunction of ICDs reported in literature and it may be of great significance to have an overview of these incidents for appropriate recognition and future prevention. Here we are reviewing the available literature as well as reporting an interesting case of electromagnetic interference (EMI) resulting from leak of current in pool water causing firing of ICD.

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Endobronchial Ultrasound As A Confirmatory Tool For The Diagnosis Of Pulmonary Embolism, K. Harris, M. Chalhoub Jan 2014

Endobronchial Ultrasound As A Confirmatory Tool For The Diagnosis Of Pulmonary Embolism, K. Harris, M. Chalhoub

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Enhanced Nicotinic Receptor Mediated Relaxations In Gastroesophageal Muscle Fibers From Barrett's Esophagus Patients, L. S. Miller, A. K. Vegesna, A. S. Braverman, M. F. Barbe, M. R. Ruggieri Jan 2014

Enhanced Nicotinic Receptor Mediated Relaxations In Gastroesophageal Muscle Fibers From Barrett's Esophagus Patients, L. S. Miller, A. K. Vegesna, A. S. Braverman, M. F. Barbe, M. R. Ruggieri

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Ethnic Disparities In The Risk Of Colorectal Adenomas Associated With Aspirin And Statin Use: A Retrospective Multiethnic Study, A. H. Davis-Yadley, S. Lipka, H. Shen, H. Shah, S. Swarup, A. Barnowsky, J. Silpe, A. Abraham, P. Viswanathan, B. Krishnamachari, +4 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Ethnic Disparities In The Risk Of Colorectal Adenomas Associated With Aspirin And Statin Use: A Retrospective Multiethnic Study, A. H. Davis-Yadley, S. Lipka, H. Shen, H. Shah, S. Swarup, A. Barnowsky, J. Silpe, A. Abraham, P. Viswanathan, B. Krishnamachari, +4 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Although data on the inverse association between colorectal adenomas (CRA) and daily aspirin or statin therapy exists in white and black patients, scarce data exists on these associations in the Hispanic population. With a rapidly increasing Hispanic population in the United States, defining the association in Hispanics is crucial. METHODS: The study sample included 1,843 consecutive patients who underwent a colonoscopy (screening or diagnostic) from 2009 to 2011 at a community hospital in East Meadow, New York. Data was then extracted from patient charts regarding aspirin and/or statin use. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) …

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External Validation Of The Risk Assessment Model Of The International Medical Prevention Registry On Venous Thromboembolism (Improve) For Medical Patients In A Tertiary Health System, D. Rosenberg, A. Eichorn, M. Alarcon, L. Mccullagh, T. Mcginn, A. Spyropoulos Jan 2014

External Validation Of The Risk Assessment Model Of The International Medical Prevention Registry On Venous Thromboembolism (Improve) For Medical Patients In A Tertiary Health System, D. Rosenberg, A. Eichorn, M. Alarcon, L. Mccullagh, T. Mcginn, A. Spyropoulos

Journal Articles

Background-Hospitalized medical patients are at risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Universal application of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis has the potential to place a large number of patients at increased bleeding risk. In this study, we aimed to externally validate the International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism (IMPROVE) VTE risk assessment model in a hospitalized general medical population. Methods and Results-We identified medical discharges that met the IMPROVE protocol. Cases were defined as hospital-acquired VTE and confirmed by diagnostic study within 90 days of index hospitalization; matched controls were also identified. Risk factors for VTE were based on the IMPROVE risk assessment …

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The Gut Microbiota Influences Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability In Mice, V. Braniste, M. Al-Asmakh, C. Kowal, F. Anuar, A. Abbaspour, M. Toth, A. Korecka, B. T. Volpe, B. Diamond, S. Pettersson, +8 Additional Authors Jan 2014

The Gut Microbiota Influences Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability In Mice, V. Braniste, M. Al-Asmakh, C. Kowal, F. Anuar, A. Abbaspour, M. Toth, A. Korecka, B. T. Volpe, B. Diamond, S. Pettersson, +8 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Pivotal to brain development and function is an intact blood-brain barrier (BBB), which acts as a gatekeeper to control the passage and exchange of molecules and nutrients between the circulatory system and the brain parenchyma. The BBB also ensures homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). We report that germ-free mice, beginning with intrauterine life, displayed increased BBB permeability compared to pathogen-free mice with a normal gut flora. The increased BBB permeability was maintained in germ-free mice after birth and during adulthood and was associated with reduced expression of the tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-5, which are known to …

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Histological Healing Favors Lower Risk Of Colon Carcinoma In Extensive Ulcerative Colitis, B. I. Korelitz, K. Sultan, M. Kothari, L. Arapos, J. Schneider, G. Panagopoulos Jan 2014

Histological Healing Favors Lower Risk Of Colon Carcinoma In Extensive Ulcerative Colitis, B. I. Korelitz, K. Sultan, M. Kothari, L. Arapos, J. Schneider, G. Panagopoulos

Journal Articles

AIM: To search for the answer in extensive ulcerative colitis as to whether histological inflammation persisting despite endoscopic mucosal healing serves to increase the risk of colon cancer (CC) or high grade dysplasia (HGD). METHODS: This is a single center (Lenox Hill Hospital) retrospective cohort and descriptive study of extensive ulcerative colitis (UC) for 20 years or more with a minimum of 3 surveillance colonoscopies and biopsies performed after the first 10 years of UC diagnosis. Data analyzed included: duration of UC, date of diagnosis of (CC) or (HGD), number of surveillance colonoscopies, and biopsies showing histological inflammation and its …

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Hormonal Milieu At Time Of B Cell Activation Controls Duration Of Autoantibody Response, V. Jeganathan, E. Peeva, B. Diamond Jan 2014

Hormonal Milieu At Time Of B Cell Activation Controls Duration Of Autoantibody Response, V. Jeganathan, E. Peeva, B. Diamond

Journal Articles

A strong gender bias is seen in many autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To investigate the basis for the female preponderance in SLE, we have been studying BALB/c mice in which B cells express the R4A heavy chain of an anti-DNA antibody in association with an endogenous light chain repertoire (R4Atg mice). In unmanipulated mice, approximately 5% of B cells express the R4A transgene. R4Atg mice do not spontaneously develop elevated serum titers of anti-DNA antibodies. Administration of either estradiol (E2) or prolactin (Pr) results in escape from tolerance of autoreactive B cells, expressed as an increase in …

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Identification Of Stage-Specific Genes Associated With Lupus Nephritis And Response To Remission Induction In (Nzb X Nzw)F1 And Nzm2410 Mice, R. Bethunaickan, C. C. Berthier, W. J. Zhang, R. Eksi, H. D. Li, Y. F. Guan, M. Kretzler, A. Davidson Jan 2014

Identification Of Stage-Specific Genes Associated With Lupus Nephritis And Response To Remission Induction In (Nzb X Nzw)F1 And Nzm2410 Mice, R. Bethunaickan, C. C. Berthier, W. J. Zhang, R. Eksi, H. D. Li, Y. F. Guan, M. Kretzler, A. Davidson

Journal Articles

Objective. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in renal inflammation during the progression, remission, and relapse of nephritis in murine lupus models using transcriptome analysis. Methods. Kidneys from (NZB x NZW)F1 (NZB/NZW) and NZM2410 mice were harvested at intervals during the disease course or after remission induction. Genome-wide expression profiles were obtained from microarray analysis of perfused kidneys. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for selected genes was used to validate the microarray data. Comparisons between groups using SAM, and unbiased analysis of the entire data set using singular value decomposition and self-organizing maps were performed. Results. Few changes in …

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Ighv1-69 B Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Antibodies Cross-React With Hiv-1 And Hepatitis C Virus Antigens As Well As Intestinal Commensal Bacteria, K. K. Hwang, A. M. Trama, D. M. Kozink, S. L. Allen, K. R. Rai, R. Catera, X. J. Yan, C. C. Chu, N. Chiorazzi, B. F. Haynes, +12 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Ighv1-69 B Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Antibodies Cross-React With Hiv-1 And Hepatitis C Virus Antigens As Well As Intestinal Commensal Bacteria, K. K. Hwang, A. M. Trama, D. M. Kozink, S. L. Allen, K. R. Rai, R. Catera, X. J. Yan, C. C. Chu, N. Chiorazzi, B. F. Haynes, +12 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

IGHV1-B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) patients expressing unmutated immunoglobulin heavy variable regions (IGHVs) use the IGHV1-69 B cell receptor (BCR) in 25% of cases. Since HIV-1 envelope gp41 antibodies also frequently use IGHV1-69 gene segments, we hypothesized that IGHV1-69 B-CLL precursors may contribute to the gp41 B cell response during HIV-1 infection. To test this hypothesis, we rescued 5 IGHV1-69 unmutated antibodies as heterohybridoma IgM paraproteins and as recombinant IgG(1) antibodies from B-CLL patients, determined their antigenic specificities and analyzed BCR sequences. IGHV1-69 B-CLL antibodies were enriched for reactivity with HIV-1 envelope gp41, influenza, hepatitis C virus E2 protein and …

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Igm Myeloma Or Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Is The Big Question?, V. R. Bhatt, S. Murukutla, M. Naqi, S. Pant, S. Kedia, T. Terjanian Jan 2014

Igm Myeloma Or Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Is The Big Question?, V. R. Bhatt, S. Murukutla, M. Naqi, S. Pant, S. Kedia, T. Terjanian

Journal Articles

ABSTRACT: Although critical from therapeutic and prognostic perspectives, differentiating IgM Myeloma (MM) from Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) is fraught with failure. WM can usually be distinguished from IgM MM by the lymphoplasmacytic versus pure plasmacytic morphology, absent versus present lytic bone lesions, and immunophenotypic findings. However, all these features have their own limitations; hence, it requires constant vigilance and periodic re-evaluation. Here we describe a case of a 70-year-old woman initially diagnosed as smoldering IgM MM, who eventually turned out to have WM.

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Impact On House Staff Evaluation Scores When Changing From A Dreyfus- To A Milestone-Based Evaluation Model: One Internal Medicine Residency Program's Findings, K. A. Friedman, S. Balwan, F. Cacace, K. Katona, S. Sunday, S. Chaudhry Jan 2014

Impact On House Staff Evaluation Scores When Changing From A Dreyfus- To A Milestone-Based Evaluation Model: One Internal Medicine Residency Program's Findings, K. A. Friedman, S. Balwan, F. Cacace, K. Katona, S. Sunday, S. Chaudhry

Journal Articles

Purpose: As graduate medical education (GME) moves into the Next Accreditation System (NAS), programs must take a critical look at their current models of evaluation and assess how well they align with reporting outcomes. Our objective was to assess the impact on house staff evaluation scores when transitioning from a Dreyfus-based model of evaluation to a Milestone-based model of evaluation. Milestones are a key component of the NAS. Method: We analyzed all end of rotation evaluations of house staff completed by faculty for academic years 2010-2011 (pre-Dreyfus model) and 2011-2012 (post-Milestone model) in one large university-based internal medicine residency training …

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Interobserver Agreement For Single Operator Choledochoscopy Imaging: Can We Do Better?, A. Sethi, T. Doukides, D. V. Sejpal, D. K. Pleskow, A. Slivka, D. G. Adler, R. J. Shah, S. A. Edmundowicz, T. Itoi, M. Kahaleh, +3 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Interobserver Agreement For Single Operator Choledochoscopy Imaging: Can We Do Better?, A. Sethi, T. Doukides, D. V. Sejpal, D. K. Pleskow, A. Slivka, D. G. Adler, R. J. Shah, S. A. Edmundowicz, T. Itoi, M. Kahaleh, +3 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Background. The SpyGlass Direct Visualization System (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA) is routinely used during single operator choledochoscopy (SOC) to identify biliary lesions or strictures with a diagnostic accuracy up to 88%. The objective of this study was to determine the interobserver agreement (IOA) of modified scoring criteria for diagnosing biliary lesions/strictures. Methods. 27 SPY SOC video clips were reviewed and scored by 9 interventional endoscopists based on published criteria that included the presence and severity of surface structure, vasculature visualization, lesions, and findings. Results. Overall IOA was "slight" for all variables. The K statistics are as follows: surface (K = …

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Intravenous Albumin Infusion Is An Effective Therapy For Hyponatremia In Patient With Malignant Ascites, K. D. Jhaveri, A. Chawla, C. Xu, A. Hazzan Jan 2014

Intravenous Albumin Infusion Is An Effective Therapy For Hyponatremia In Patient With Malignant Ascites, K. D. Jhaveri, A. Chawla, C. Xu, A. Hazzan

Journal Articles

There are few reports about the treatment of moderate to severe hyponatremia associated with malignant liver metastasis. Here, we report using intravenous salt poor albumin infusion to treat hypervolemic cirrhosis related hyponatremia. A 58-year-old female with ascites secondary to metastatic breast cancer was referred to our department with symptomatic hyponatremia (serum sodium concentration of 121 mEq/L). The serum sodium level was corrected slowly over 2 days with intravenous albumin infusion and the patient's symptoms - fatigue, nausea, dizziness and headache improved.

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Iso-66, A Novel Inhibitor Of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor, Shows Efficacy In Melanoma And Colon Cancer Models, K. Ioannou, K. F. Cheng, G. V. Crichlow, A. I. Birmpilis, E. J. Lolis, O. E. Tsitsilonis, Y. Al-Abed Jan 2014

Iso-66, A Novel Inhibitor Of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor, Shows Efficacy In Melanoma And Colon Cancer Models, K. Ioannou, K. F. Cheng, G. V. Crichlow, A. I. Birmpilis, E. J. Lolis, O. E. Tsitsilonis, Y. Al-Abed

Journal Articles

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine, which possesses a contributing role in cancer progression and metastasis and, thus, is now considered a promising anticancer drug target. Many MIF-inactivating strategies have proven successful in delaying cancer growth. Here, we report on the synthesis of ISO-66, a novel, highly stable, small-molecule MIF inhibitor, an analog of ISO-1 with improved characteristics. The MIF:ISO-66 co-crystal structure demonstrated that ISO-66 ligates the tautomerase active site of MIF, which has previously been shown to play an important role in its biological functions. In vitro, ISO-66 enhanced specific and non-specific anticancer immune responses, …

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Magnesium Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury By Regulating Platinum Accumulation, M. H. Solanki, P. K. Chatterjee, M. Gupta, X. Y. Xue, A. Plagov, M. H. Metz, R. Mintz, P. C. Singhal, C. N. Metz Jan 2014

Magnesium Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury By Regulating Platinum Accumulation, M. H. Solanki, P. K. Chatterjee, M. Gupta, X. Y. Xue, A. Plagov, M. H. Metz, R. Mintz, P. C. Singhal, C. N. Metz

Journal Articles

Despite its success as a potent antineoplastic agent, similar to 25% of patients receiving cisplatin experience acute kidney injury (AKI) and must discontinue therapy. Impaired magnesium homeostasis has been linked to cisplatin-mediated AKI, and because magnesium deficiency is widespread, we examined the effect of magnesium deficiency and replacement on cisplatin-induced AKI in physiologically relevant older female mice. Magnesium deficiency significantly increased cisplatin-associated weight loss and markers of renal damage (plasma blood urea nitrogen and creatinine), histological changes, inflammation, and renal cell apoptosis and modulated signaling pathways (e.g., ERK1/2, p53, and STAT3). Conversely, these damaging effects were reversed by magnesium. Magnesium …

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Mammographically Detectable Breast Arterial Calcification And Atherosclerosis, N. Shah, V. Chainani, P. Delafontaine, A. Abdo, J. Lafferty, N. Abi Rafeh Jan 2014

Mammographically Detectable Breast Arterial Calcification And Atherosclerosis, N. Shah, V. Chainani, P. Delafontaine, A. Abdo, J. Lafferty, N. Abi Rafeh

Journal Articles

Breast arterial calcification (BAC), observed as an incidental finding on screening mammograms, represents degenerative calcific changes occurring in the mammary arteries, with increasing age. The aim of this review is to discuss relevant literature examining relation between BAC and atherosclerosis. After a thorough literature search, in OVID and PubMed, 199 studies were identified, of which 25 were relevant to our review. Data were abstracted from each study and statistical analysis was done, including calculation of odds ratios and construction of forest plots. A total of 35,542 patients were enrolled across 25 studies looking at an association between BAC and coronary …

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Management Of Serology Negative Human Hepatic Hydatidosis (Caused By Echinococcus Granulosus) In A Young Woman From Bangladesh In A Resource-Rich Setting: A Case Report, Daniel O. Griffin, Henry J. Donaghy, Barbara Edwards Jan 2014

Management Of Serology Negative Human Hepatic Hydatidosis (Caused By Echinococcus Granulosus) In A Young Woman From Bangladesh In A Resource-Rich Setting: A Case Report, Daniel O. Griffin, Henry J. Donaghy, Barbara Edwards

Journal Articles

Human cystic echinococcosis (hydatidosis) is a parasitic zoonosis with almost complete worldwide distribution. Echinococcus granulosus, the dog tapeworm, causes hydatidosis which accounts for 95% of human echinococcosis. Although this tapeworm is found in dogs as a definitive host and a number of intermediate hosts, humans are often infected from close contact with infected dogs. Humans are not part of the parasitic lifecycle and serve as accidental hosts. Hydatidosis is an important consideration in the differential diagnosis of hepatic cysts in individuals from endemic areas. Clinicians should be aware of the long incubation period, the high frequency of negative serological tests, …

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Measures Of User Experience In A Streptococcal Pharyngitis And Pneumonia Clinical Decision Support Tools, D. Mann, M. Knaus, L. Mccullagh, A. Sofianou, L. Rosen, T. Mcginn, J. Kannry Jan 2014

Measures Of User Experience In A Streptococcal Pharyngitis And Pneumonia Clinical Decision Support Tools, D. Mann, M. Knaus, L. Mccullagh, A. Sofianou, L. Rosen, T. Mcginn, J. Kannry

Journal Articles

Objective: To understand clinician adoption of CDS tools as this may provide important insights for the implementation and dissemination of future CDS tools. Materials and Methods: Clinicians (n=168) at a large academic center were randomized into intervention and control arms to assess the impact of strep and pneumonia CDS tools. Intervention arm data were analyzed to examine provider adoption and clinical workflow. Electronic health record data were collected on trigger location, the use of each component and whether an antibiotic, other medication or test was ordered. Frequencies were tabulated and regression analyses were used to determine the association of tool …

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Mif: Mood Improving/Inhibiting Factor?, J. Bloom, Y. Al-Abed Jan 2014

Mif: Mood Improving/Inhibiting Factor?, J. Bloom, Y. Al-Abed

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Although major depressive disorder imposes a serious public health burden and affects nearly one in six individuals in developed countries over their lifetimes, there is still no consensus on its pathophysiology. Inflammation and cytokines have emerged as a promising new avenue in depression research, and, in particular, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been shown to be significant in depression physiology. In this review we summarize current research on MIF and depression. We highlight the arguments for MIF as a pro-and antidepressant species and discuss the potential implications for therapeutics.

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Modulation Of Renin Angiotensin System Predominantly Alters Sclerotic Phenotype Of Glomeruli In Hivan, A. Plagov, X. Q. Lan, P. Rai, D. Kumar, R. Lederman, S. Rehman, A. Malhotra, G. H. Ding, P. N. Chander, P. C. Singhal Jan 2014

Modulation Of Renin Angiotensin System Predominantly Alters Sclerotic Phenotype Of Glomeruli In Hivan, A. Plagov, X. Q. Lan, P. Rai, D. Kumar, R. Lederman, S. Rehman, A. Malhotra, G. H. Ding, P. N. Chander, P. C. Singhal

Journal Articles

HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is a common complication of HIV-1 infection in patients with African ancestry in general and with APOL1 gene risk variants in particular. Although collapsing glomerulopathy is considered a hallmark of HIVAN, significant numbers of glomeruli in patients with HIVAN also display other variants of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). We propose that collapsed glomeruli as well as glomeruli with other variants of FSGS are manifestations of HIVAN and their prevalence depends on associated host factors. We explored the role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the manifestation of any specific glomerular phenotype in HIVAN. To evaluate the role …

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A Multicenter Population-Based Effectiveness Study Of Teleintensive Care Unit-Directed Ventilator Rounds Demonstrating Improved Adherence To A Protective Lung Strategy, Decreased Ventilator Duration, And Decreased Intensive Care Unit Mortality, T. Kalb, J. Raikhelkar, S. Meyer, F. Ntimba, J. Thuli, M. J. Gorman, I. Kopec, C. Scurlock Jan 2014

A Multicenter Population-Based Effectiveness Study Of Teleintensive Care Unit-Directed Ventilator Rounds Demonstrating Improved Adherence To A Protective Lung Strategy, Decreased Ventilator Duration, And Decreased Intensive Care Unit Mortality, T. Kalb, J. Raikhelkar, S. Meyer, F. Ntimba, J. Thuli, M. J. Gorman, I. Kopec, C. Scurlock

Journal Articles

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the study is to determine if teleintensive care unit (ICU)-directed daily ventilator rounds improved adherence to lung protective ventilation (LPV), reduced ventilator duration ratio (VDR), and ICU mortality ratios. Method used: A retrospective observational longitudinal quarterly analysis of adherence to low tidal volume LPV (< 7.5 mL/kg predicted body weight; PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen < 300), ventilator duration, and ICU mortality ratios (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV-adjusted). The teleICU practice used Philips (Andover, MA) VISICU eCareManager (TM) (Andover, MA) platform, providing ICU care and process improvement. Results: Before ventilator rounds implementation, there was wide variation in hospital adherence to low tidal volume (29.5 +/- 18.2; range 10%-69%). Longitudinal improvement was seen across hospitals in the 3 Qs after implementation, reaching statistical significance by Q3 postimplementation (44.9 +/- 15.7; P < .002 by 2-tailed Fisher exact test), maintained at 2 subsequent Qs (48% and 52%; P < .001). Ventilator duration ratio also showed preimplementation variability (1.08 +/- .34; range 0.71-1.90). After implementation, absolute and significant mean VDR reduction was observed (0.92 +/- .28; -15.8%, P < .05). Intensive care unit mortality ratio demonstrated longitudinal improvement, reaching significance after the Q3 postimplementation (0.94 vs 0.67; P < .04), and this was sustained in the most recent Q analyzed (0.65; P < .03). Conclusions: Implementation of teleICU-directed ventilator rounds was associated with improved and durable adherence to LPV and significant reductions in both VDR and ICU mortality. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3ol).

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Necrotizing Rpgn With Linear Anti Igg Deposits In A Patient With History Of Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: A Case Report, N. Parekh, E. Epstein, S. El-Sayegh Jan 2014

Necrotizing Rpgn With Linear Anti Igg Deposits In A Patient With History Of Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: A Case Report, N. Parekh, E. Epstein, S. El-Sayegh

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: Diagnosing the etiology of a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis is of vital importance to guide appropriate therapeutic management. This case highlights the complexity involved in establishing diagnosis when presentation is atypical. In certain cases diagnosis cannot be established based on clinical presentation or biopsy findings alone, and critical analysis of biopsy findings in context of clinical presentation is crucial to guide the clinical decision-making process. CASE PRESENTATION: A 47-year-old Hispanic male with history of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) in remission on azathioprine, presented with fatigue and lethargy. Physical examination was unremarkable. Laboratory data revealed elevated creatinine and otherwise normal electrolytes. …

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Nf-Kappa B-To-Ap-1 Switch: A Mechanism Regulating Transition From Endothelial Barrier Injury To Repair In Endotoxemic Mice, G. Liu, X. B. Ye, E. J. Miller, S. F. Liu Jan 2014

Nf-Kappa B-To-Ap-1 Switch: A Mechanism Regulating Transition From Endothelial Barrier Injury To Repair In Endotoxemic Mice, G. Liu, X. B. Ye, E. J. Miller, S. F. Liu

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Endothelial barrier disruption is a hallmark of multiple organ injury (MOI). However, mechanisms governing the restoration of endothelial barrier function are poorly understood. Here, we uncovered an NF-kappa B-to-AP-1 switch that regulates the transition from barrier injury to repair following endotoxemic MOI. Endothelial NF-kappa B mediates barrier repair by inhibiting endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis. Blockade of endothelial NF-kappa B pathway activated the activator protein (AP)-1 pathway (NF-kappa B-to-AP-1 switch), which compensated for the anti-apoptotic and barrier-repair functions of NF-kappa B. The NF-kappa B-to-AP-1 switch occurred at 24 hours (injury to repair transition phase), but not at 48 hours (repair phase) …

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Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia In A Patient Initially Believed To Have Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, S. Altafi, A. Volfson, M. J. Mckinley Jan 2014

Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia In A Patient Initially Believed To Have Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, S. Altafi, A. Volfson, M. J. Mckinley

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A Novel Mechanism Of B Cell-Mediated Immune Suppression Through Cd73 Expression And Adenosine Production, H. Kaku, K. F. Cheng, Y. Al-Abed, T. L. Rothstein Jan 2014

A Novel Mechanism Of B Cell-Mediated Immune Suppression Through Cd73 Expression And Adenosine Production, H. Kaku, K. F. Cheng, Y. Al-Abed, T. L. Rothstein

Journal Articles

Immune suppression by regulatory T cells and regulatory B cells is a critical mechanism to limit excess inflammation and autoimmunity. IL-10 is considered the major mediator of B cell induced immune suppression. We report a novel mechanism for immune suppression through adenosine generation by B cells. We identified a novel population of B cells that expresses CD73 as well as CD39, two ectoenzymes that together catalyze the extracellular dephosphorylation of adenine nucleotides to adenosine. Whereas CD39 expression is common among B cells, CD73 expression is not. Approximately 30-50% of B-1 cells (B220(+)CD23(-)) and IL-10 producing B (B10) cells (B220(+)CD5(+)CD1d(hi)) are …

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An Obligatory Role Of Nf-Kappa B In Mediating Bone Marrow Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cell Recruitment And Proliferation Following Endotoxemic Multiple Organ Injury In Mice, S. Z. Mao, X. B. Ye, G. Liu, D. M. Song, S. F. Liu Jan 2014

An Obligatory Role Of Nf-Kappa B In Mediating Bone Marrow Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cell Recruitment And Proliferation Following Endotoxemic Multiple Organ Injury In Mice, S. Z. Mao, X. B. Ye, G. Liu, D. M. Song, S. F. Liu

Journal Articles

Background: Recruitment of bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells (BMDEPCs) alleviates multiple organ injury (MOI) and improves outcomes. However, mechanisms mediating BMDEPC recruitment following septic MOI remain largely unknown. This study characterized the kinetics of BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation and defined the role of NF-kappa B in regulating BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation. Methods and Main Findings: Chimeric mice with an intact or disrupted NF-kappa B p50 gene and BMDEPC-restricted expression of green fluorescent protein were created and injected with LPS (2 mg/kg, i.p.). BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation in multiple organs were quantified. BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation are highly organ-dependent. Lungs …

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