Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Influence Of Polygenic Risk Scores On Heritability Of Anti-Ccp Level In Ra, J. Cui, K. E. Taylor, Y. C. Lee, H. Kallberg, M. E. Weinblatt, J. S. Coblyn, L. Klareskog, L. A. Criswell, P. K. Gregersen, E. W. Karlson, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

The objective of this study was to study genetic factors that influence quantitative anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody levels in RA patients. We carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis using 1975 anti-CCP + RA patients from three large cohorts, the Brigham Rheumatoid Arthritis Sequential Study (BRASS), North American Rheumatoid Arthritis Consortium (NARAC) and the Epidemiological Investigation of RA (EIRA). We also carried out a genome-wide complex trait analysis (GCTA) to estimate the heritability of anti-CCP levels. GWAS-meta-analysis showed that anti-CCP levels were most strongly associated with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region with a P-value of 2 x …

Intravenous Iron Exposure And Outcomes In Patients On Hemodialysis, S. Fishbane, A. T. Mathew, R. Wanchoo

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Lymphoma Risk In Systemic Lupus: Effects Of Disease Activity Versus Treatment, S. Bernatsky, R. Ramsey-Goldman, L. Joseph, J. F. Boivin, K. H. Costenbader, M. B. Urowitz, D. D. Gladman, P. R. Fortin, C. Aranow, A. E. Clarke, +27 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Objective To examine disease activity versus treatment as lymphoma risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods We performed case-cohort analyses within a multisite SLE cohort. Cancers were ascertained by regional registry linkages. Adjusted HRs for lymphoma were generated in regression models, for time-dependent exposures to immunomodulators (cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, mycophenolate, antimalarial drugs, glucocorticoids) demographics, calendar year, Sjogren's syndrome, SLE duration and disease activity. We used adjusted mean SLE Disease Activity Index scores (SLEDAI-2K) over time, and drugs were treated both categorically (ever/never) and as estimated cumulative doses. Results We studied 75 patients with lymphoma (72 non-Hodgkin, three Hodgkin) and …

Lenalidomide And Rituximab For The Initial Treatment Of Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Multicenter Clinical-Translational Study From The Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research Consortium, D. F. James, L. Werner, J. R. Brown, W. G. Wierda, J. C. Barrientos, J. E. Castro, A. Greaves, A. J. Johnson, K. R. Rai, T. J. Kipps, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Purpose Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory agent with therapeutic activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In preclinical models, lenalidomide acted synergistically with rituximab. The CLL Research Consortium initiated a phase II study to evaluate this combination in treatmentnaive patients. Patients and Methods Lenalidomide was initiated at 2.5 mg/day and was escalated based on treatment tolerability to a maximum of 10 mg/day, for 21 days/cycle, for a maximum of seven cycles. Rituximab was administered at the end of cycle 1 and was continued for seven cycles. Patients received allopurinol and aspirin for prophylaxis. Results Sixty-nine patients enrolled onto one of two age-specific …

Markers Of Inflammation In Schizophrenia: Association Vs. Causation, P. Manu, C. U. Correll, M. Wampers, A. J. Mitchell, M. Probst, D. Vancampfort, M. De Hert

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Mhc Associations With Clinical And Autoantibody Manifestations In European Sle, D. L. Morris, M. M. A. Fernando, K. E. Taylor, S. A. Chung, J. Nititham, M. E. Alarcon-Riquelme, L. F. Barcelloss, T. W. Behrens, P. K. Gregersen, Con Syst Lupus Erythematosus Genet, +13 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous disease affecting multiple organ systems and characterized by autoantibody formation to nuclear components. Although genetic variation within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is associated with SLE, its role in the development of clinical manifestations and autoantibody production is not well defined. We conducted a meta-analysis- of four independent European SLE case collections for associations between SLE sub-phenotypes and MHC single-nucleotide polymorphism genotypes, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and variant HLA amino acids. Of the 11 American College of Rheumatology criteria and 7 autoantibody sub-phenotypes examined, anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibody subsets exhibited the …

Guided Imagery For Stress And Symptom Management In Pregnant African American Women, Nancy Jallo, R. Jeanne Ruiz, R. K. Elswick Jr., Elise French

School of Nursing Publications

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a guided imagery (GI) intervention for stress reduction in pregnant African American women beginning early in the second trimester. This prospective longitudinal study of 72 women used a randomized controlled experimental design with two groups conducted over 12 weeks. The intervention was a CD with 4 professionally recorded tracts designed and sequenced to influence study variables. Participants in both GI and usual care (UC) completed measures and donated 5 cc of blood at baseline, 8 weeks and 12 weeks. Participants also completed a daily stress scale. A mixed-effects linear …

Mindfulness: An Effective Coaching Tool For Improving Physical And Mental Health, Jo Lynne W. Robins, Laura G. Kiken, Melissa Holt, Nancy L. Mccain

School of Nursing Publications

Conscious attention to the present moment in a receptive way is known as mindfulness. A growing body of research indicates that mindfulness can be taught and cultivated to improve physical and mental health. Accordingly, as part of the coaching competency, mindfulness can be practiced and taught by advanced practice nurses to support lifestyle and behavioral changes, decrease perceived stress, enhance quality of life, and, ultimately, improve health and health outcomes. This article provides an overview of the mechanisms of action, evidence base, and practice of mindfulness, with an emphasis on how to easily incorporate this valuable skill into practice.

Mechanisms Of Cftr Functional Variants That Impair Regulated Bicarbonate Permeation And Increase Risk For Pancreatitis But Not For Cystic Fibrosis, Jessica Larusch, Jinsei Jung, Ignacio J. General, Michele D. Lewis, Hyun W. Park, Randall E. Brand, Andres Gelrud, Michelle A. Anderson, Peter A. Banks, Darwin Conwell, Christopher Lawrence, Joseph Romagnuolo, John Baillie, Samer Alkaade, Gregory Cote, Timothy B. Gradner, Stephen T. Amann, Adam Slivka, Bimaljit Sandhu, Amy Aloe, Michelle L. Kienholz, Dhiraj Yadav, M. Michael Barmada, Ivet Bahar, Min G. Lee, David C. Whitcomb

Internal Medicine Publications

CFTR is a dynamically regulated anion channel. Intracellular WNK1-SPAK activation causes CFTR to change permeability and conductance characteristics from a chloride-preferring to bicarbonate-preferring channel through unknown mechanisms. Two severe CFTR mutations (CFTRsev) cause complete loss of CFTR function and result in cystic fibrosis (CF), a severe genetic disorder affecting sweat glands, nasal sinuses, lungs, pancreas, liver, intestines, and male reproductive system. We hypothesize that those CFTR mutations that disrupt the WNK1-SPAK activation mechanisms cause a selective, bicarbonate defect in channel function (CFTRBD) affecting organs that utilize CFTR for bicarbonate secretion (e.g. the pancreas, nasal sinus, vas …

Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) Activation Mediates Sildenafil Induced Delayed Cardioprotection Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury In Mice, Mona Shalwala, Shu-Guang Zhu, Anindita Das, Fadi N. Salloum, Lei Xi, Rakesh C. Kukreja

Internal Medicine Publications

Background

It has been well documented that phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, sildenafil (SIL) protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I-R) injury. SIRT1 is part of the class III Sirtuin family of histone deacetylases that deacetylates proteins involved in cellular stress response including those related to I-R injury.

Objective/Hypothesis

We tested the hypothesis that SIL-induced cardioprotection may be mediated through activation of SIRT1.

Methods

Adult male ICR mice were treated with SIL (0.7 mg/kg, i.p.), Resveratrol (RSV, 5 mg/kg, a putative activator of SIRT1 used as the positive control), or saline (0.2 mL). The hearts were harvested 24 hours later and homogenized for SIRT1 …

Oral Supplementation With Non-Absorbable Antibiotics Or Curcumin Attenuates Western Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis And Glucose Intolerance In Ldlr−/− Mice – Role Of Intestinal Permeability And Macrophage Activation, Siddhartha S. Ghosh, Jinghua Bie, Jing Wang, Shobha Ghosh

Internal Medicine Publications

Association between circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and metabolic diseases (such as Type 2 Diabetes and atherosclerosis) has shifted the focus from Western diet-induced changes in gut microbiota per se to release of gut bacteria-derived products into circulation as the possible mechanism for the chronic inflammatory state underlying the development of these diseases. Under physiological conditions, an intact intestinal barrier prevents this release of LPS underscoring the importance of examining and modulating the direct effects of Western diet on intestinal barrier function. In the present study we evaluated two strategies, namely selective gut decontamination and supplementation with oral curcumin, to modulate Western-diet …

Impact Of Appropriate Antimicrobial Therapy For Patients With Severe Sepsis And Septic Shock – A Quality Improvement Study, Paula K. O. Yokota, Alexandre R. Marra, Marines D. V. Martino, Elivane S. Victor, Marcelino S. Durão, Michael B. Edmond, Oscar F. P. Dos Santos

Internal Medicine Publications

Background

There is ample literature available on the association between both time to antibiotics and appropriateness of antibiotics and clinical outcomes from sepsis. In fact, the current state of debate surrounds the balance to be struck between prompt empirical therapy and care in the choice of appropriate antibiotics (both in terms of the susceptibility of infecting organism and minimizing resistance arising from use of broad-spectrum agents). The objective of this study is to determine sepsis bundle compliance and the appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock and its impact on outcomes.

Material

This study was …

A Simple, Sensitive And Safe Method To Determine The Human Α/Β-Tryptase Genotype, Quang Trong Le, Sahar Lotfi-Emran, Hae-Ki Min, Lawrence B. Schwartz

Internal Medicine Publications

The human tryptase locus on chromosome 16 contains one gene encoding only β-tryptase and another encoding either β-tryptase or the homologous α-tryptase, providing α:β gene ratios of 0∶4, 1∶3 or 2∶2 in the diploid genome, these genotypes being of potential clinical relevance in severe atopy. Using an EcoRV restriction site in α- but not β- tryptase, PCR products, spanning intron 1 to exon 5, were used to determine α/β-tryptase gene ratios using non-radioactive labels, including ethidium bromide labeling of all PCR products, and either digoxigenin-primer or DY682-primer labeling of only the final PCR cycle products. Sensitivity increased ∼60-fold with each …

A Network Meta-Analysis On Randomized Trials Focusing On The Preventive Effect Of Statins On Contrast-Induced Nephropathy, Mariangela Peruzzi, Leonardo De Luca, Henrik S. Thomsen, Enrico Romagnoli, Fabrizio D’Ascenzo, Massimo Mancone, Gennaro Sardella, Luigi Lucisano, Antonio Abbate, Giacomo Frati, Giuseppe Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai

Internal Medicine Publications

Contrast-induced nephropathy is a common complication of iodinated contrast administration. Statins may reduce the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy, but data remain inconclusive. We summarized the evidence based on statins for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy with a network meta-analysis. Randomized trials focusing on statins were searched and pooled with random-effect odds ratios. A total of 14 trials (6,160 patients) were included, focusing on atorvastatin (high/low dose), rosuvastatin (high dose), simvastatin (high/low dose), and placebo or no statin therapy before contrast administration. The risk of contrast-induced nephropathy was reduced by atorvastatin high dose and rosuvastatin high dose, with no difference between …

Perception And Barriers To Indoor Air Quality And Perceived Impact On Respiratory Health: An Assessment In Rural Honduras, Audrey Le, Gonzalo Bearman, Kakotan Sanogo, Michael P. Stevens

Internal Medicine Publications

Objective. The aim of this study was to identify household-specific factors associated with respiratory symptoms and to study the perceived impact of indoor air pollution (IAP) as a health issue. Methods. An IRB-approved, voluntary, anonymous 23-item survey was conducted in Spanish at a medical outreach clinic in June 2012 and at the homes of survey respondents (N = 79). Comparative analyses were performed to investigate relationships between specific house characteristics and respiratory complaints. Results. Seventy-nine surveys were completed. Respiratory symptoms were frequently reported by survey respondents: 42% stated that smoke in their household caused them to have …

Impact Of Appropriate Antimicrobial Therapy For Patients With Severe Sepsis And Septic Shock – A Quality Improvement Study, Paula K. O. Yokota, Alexandre R. Marra, Marines D. V. Martino, Elivane S. Victor, Marcelino S. Durão, Michael B. Edmond, Oscar F. P. Dos Santos

Internal Medicine Publications

Background

There is ample literature available on the association between both time to antibiotics and appropriateness of antibiotics and clinical outcomes from sepsis. In fact, the current state of debate surrounds the balance to be struck between prompt empirical therapy and care in the choice of appropriate antibiotics (both in terms of the susceptibility of infecting organism and minimizing resistance arising from use of broad-spectrum agents). The objective of this study is to determine sepsis bundle compliance and the appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock and its impact on outcomes.

Material

This study was …

A Simple, Sensitive And Safe Method To Determine The Human Α/Β-Tryptase Genotype, Quang Trong Le, Sahar Lotfi-Emran, Hae-Ki Min, Lawrence B. Schwartz

Internal Medicine Publications

The human tryptase locus on chromosome 16 contains one gene encoding only β-tryptase and another encoding either β-tryptase or the homologous α-tryptase, providing α:β gene ratios of 0∶4, 1∶3 or 2∶2 in the diploid genome, these genotypes being of potential clinical relevance in severe atopy. Using an EcoRV restriction site in α- but not β- tryptase, PCR products, spanning intron 1 to exon 5, were used to determine α/β-tryptase gene ratios using non-radioactive labels, including ethidium bromide labeling of all PCR products, and either digoxigenin-primer or DY682-primer labeling of only the final PCR cycle products. Sensitivity increased ∼60-fold with each …

Determining The Relationship Between Language And Attention In Elders With Nonfluent Aphasia, Amanda Wadams

ETD Archive

Researchers have questioned whether the occurrence of aphasia creates executive function deficiencies that result in cognitive-linguistic deficits. Aphasia is a breakdown in language comprehension and production caused by a focal lesion in the left hemisphere of the brain (Papathanasiou, Coppens, & Potagas, 2013). Executive function refers to a set of "higher order component functions required to control and coordinate performance on complex problem solving tasks" (Dick & Overton, 2010). Researchers have speculated that attention, an important part of executive function, may be compromised in addition to language deficits in persons with aphasia. The purpose of this exploratory multiple case comparison …

Sports Sponsorship: Fan Loyalty And Perception Of The Lake County Captains Minor League Baseball Team, Mark Daniel Weissman

ETD Archive

Sports sponsorship is a multi-billion dollar industry that takes place at all levels of sport. Each sponsorship comes with a different level of exposure for the sponsoring company. In most cases, the cost of the sponsorship has a significant relationship to the level of exposure received. Numerous studies have been conducted to assess fans' perception of sponsorship in sport. However, the majority of these studies were conducted at the professional or intercollegiate level. More than 41 million people attended Minor League Baseball games in 2012, and this number was higher than both the National Basketball Association and National Football League …

Inhibition Of The Mdm2 E3 Ligase Induces Apoptosis And Autophagy In Wild-Type And Mutant P53 Models Of Multiple Myeloma, And Acts Synergistically With Abt-737, Dongmin Gu, Shuhong Wang, Isere Kuiatse, Hua Wang, Jin He, Yun Dai, Richard J. Jones, Chad C. Bjorklund, Jing Yang, Steven Grant, Robert Z. Orlowski

Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center Publications

Intracellular proteolytic pathways have been validated as rational targets in multiple myeloma with the approval of two proteasome inhibitors in this disease, and with the finding that immunomodulatory agents work through an E3 ubiquitin ligase containing Cereblon. Another E3 ligase that could be a rational target is the murine double minute (MDM) 2 protein, which plays a role in p53 turnover. A novel inhibitor of this complex, MI-63, was found to induce apoptosis in p53 wild-type myeloma models in association with activation of a p53-mediated cell death program. MI-63 overcame adhesion-mediated drug resistance, showed anti-tumor activity in vivo, enhanced …

Live Cell Interferometry Quantifies Dynamics Of Biomass Partitioning During Cytokinesis, Thomas A. Zangle, Michael A. Teitell, Jason Reed

Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center Publications

The equal partitioning of cell mass between daughters is the usual and expected outcome of cytokinesis for self-renewing cells. However, most studies of partitioning during cell division have focused on daughter cell shape symmetry or segregation of chromosomes. Here, we use live cell interferometry (LCI) to quantify the partitioning of daughter cell mass during and following cytokinesis. We use adherent and non-adherent mouse fibroblast and mouse and human lymphocyte cell lines as models and show that, on average, mass asymmetries present at the time of cleavage furrow formation persist through cytokinesis. The addition of multiple cytoskeleton-disrupting agents leads to increased …

Circumvention Of Mcl-1-Dependent Drug Resistance By Simultaneous Chk1 And Mek1/2 Inhibition In Human Multiple Myeloma Cells, Xin-Yan Pei, Yun Dai, Jessica Felthousen, Shuang Shen, Yukie Takabatake, Liang Zhou, Leena E. Youssefian, Michael W. Sanderson, Wesley W. Bodie, Lora B. Kramer, Robert Z. Orlowski, Steven Grant

Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center Publications

The anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 plays a major role in multiple myeloma (MM) cell survival as well as bortezomib- and microenvironmental forms of drug resistance in this disease. Consequently, there is a critical need for strategies capable of targeting Mcl-1-dependent drug resistance in MM. The present results indicate that a regimen combining Chk1 with MEK1/2 inhibitors effectively kills cells displaying multiple forms of drug resistance stemming from Mcl-1 up-regulation in association with direct transcriptional Mcl-1 down-regulation and indirect disabling of Mcl-1 anti-apoptotic function through Bim up-regulation and increased Bim/Mcl-1 binding. These actions release Bak from Mcl-1, accompanied by Bak/Bax activation. Analogous …

Adjuvant Exemestane With Ovarian Suppression In Premenopausal Breast Cancer, Olivia Pagani, Meredith M. Regan, Barbara A. Walley, Gini F. Fleming, Marco Colleoni, István Láng, Henry L. Gomez, Carlo Tondini, Harold J. Burstein, Edith A. Perez, Eva Ciruelos, Vered Stearns, Hervé R. Bonnefoi, Silvana Martino, Charles E. Geyer Jr., Graziella Pinotti, Fabio Puglisi, Diana Crivellari, Thomas Ruhstaller, Eric P. Winer, Manuela Rabaglio-Poretti, Rudolf Maibach, Barbara Ruepp, Anita Giobbie-Hurder, Karen N. Price, Jürg Bernhard, Weixiu Luo, Karin Ribi, Giuseppe Viale, Alan S. Coates, Richard D. Gelber, Aron Goldhirsch, Prudence A. Francis

Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center Publications

BACKGROUND Adjuvant therapy with an aromatase inhibitor improves outcomes, as compared with tamoxifen, in postmenopausal women with hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer. METHODS In two phase 3 trials, we randomly assigned premenopausal women with hormone-receptor-positive early breast cancer to the aromatase inhibitor exemestane plus ovarian suppression or tamoxifen plus ovarian suppression for a period of 5 years. Suppression of ovarian estrogen production was achieved with the use of the gonadotropin-releasing-hormone agonist triptorelin, oophorectomy, or ovarian irradiation. The primary analysis combined data from 4690 patients in the two trials. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 68 months, disease-free survival at 5 years was …

Crystal Structures Of Influenza A Virus Matrix Protein M1: Variations On A Theme, Martin K. Safo, Faik N. Musayev, Philip D. Mosier, Qibing Zhou, Hang Xie, Umesh R. Desai

Medicinal Chemistry Publications

Matrix protein 1 (M1) of the influenza A virus plays multiple roles in virion assembly and infection. Interest in the pH dependence of M1's multiple functions led us to study the effect of subtle pH changes on M1 structure, resulting in the elucidation of a unique low-pH crystal structure of the N1-165-domain of A/WSN/33 (H1N1) M1 that has never been reported. Although the 2.2 Å crystal structure of M1 N-terminus shows a dimer with the two monomers interacting in a face-to-face fashion at low pH as observed earlier, a 44° rotation of the second monomer has led to a significantly …

Pediatric Emergency Medical Care In Yerevan, Armenia: A Knowledge And Attitudes Survey Of Out-Of-Hospital Emergency Physicians, Aline A. Baghdassarian, Ross I. Donaldson, Andrew D. Depiero, Nancy L. Chernett, Harsh Sule

Emergency Medicine Publications

Background

Out-of-hospital emergency care is at an early stage of development in Armenia, with the current emergency medical services (EMS) system having emergency physicians (EPs) work on ambulances along with nurses. While efforts are underway by the Ministry of Health and other organizations to reform the EMS system, little data exists on the status of pediatric emergency care (PEC) in the country. We designed this study to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of out-of-hospital emergency physicians in pediatric rapid assessment and resuscitation, and identify areas for PEC improvement.

Methods

We distributed an anonymous, self-administered Knowledge and Attitudes survey to a …

Identification Of Novel Regulatory Cholesterol Metabolite, 5-Cholesten, 3Β,25-Diol, Disulfate, Shunlin Ren, Jin Koung Kim, Genta Kakiyama, Daniel Rodriguez-Agudo, William M. Pandak, Hae-Ki Min, Yanxia Ning

VCU Health Publications

Oxysterol sulfation plays an important role in regulation of lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses. In the present study, we report the discovery of a novel regulatory sulfated oxysterol in nuclei of primary rat hepatocytes after overexpression of the gene encoding mitochondrial cholesterol delivery protein (StarD1). Forty-eight hours after infection of the hepatocytes with recombinant StarD1 adenovirus, a water-soluble oxysterol product was isolated and purified by chemical extraction and reverse-phase HPLC. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis identified the oxysterol as 5-cholesten-3β, 25-diol, disulfate (25HCDS), and confirmed the structure by comparing with a chemically synthesized compound. Administration of 25HCDS to human THP-1-derived macrophages …

Clinical And Microbiologic Efficacy Of A Water Filter Program In A Rural Honduran Community, Jaclyn Arquiette, Michael P. Stevens, Jean M. Rabb, Kakotan Sanogo, Patrick Mason, Gonzalo Bearman

VCU Health Publications

Water purification in the rural Honduras is a focus of the nonprofit organization Honduras Outreach Medical Brigade Relief Effort (HOMBRE). We assessed water filter use and tested filter microbiologic and clinical efficacy. A 22-item questionnaire assessed water sources, obtainment/storage, purification, and incidence of gastrointestinal disease. Samples from home clay-based filters in La Hicaca were obtained and paired with surveys from the same home. We counted bacterial colonies of four bacterial classifications from each sample. Sixty-five surveys were completed. Forty-five (69%) individuals used a filter. Fifteen respondents reported diarrhea in their home in the last 30 days; this incidence was higher …

Abnormal Downward Gaze And Cold Caloric Examination Due To Propofol: A Case Study, Thuy-Anh Vu, Alia O'Meara, Jean Teasley

VCU Health Publications

Background: Adolescent patient with isolated abnormal downward gaze and oculovestibular (cold caloric) testing during propofol administration prompting concern of brainstem injury. PATIENT: An otherwise healthy 16 year old female presented after an intentional hanging. Brainstem reflexes were normal except that both eyes were in tonic downgaze on initial examination. Propofol was suspended for 30 minutes to evaluate level of responsiveness with eyes normalizing to midposition from tonic downgaze. With reinitiation of propofol, the eyes returned to the former position. C-collar stabilization prohibited oculocephalic (doll’s eyes) evaluation, and with cold caloric testing, eye movements were as follows: right sided cold water …

Targeting Tobacco In A Community-Based Addiction Recovery Cohort: Results From A Computerized, Brief, Randomized Intervention Trial, Alison Breland, Lauren Almond, Jennifer Kienzle, Steven J. Ondersma, Alton Hart, Michael Weaver, Pamela Dillon, Dace Svikis

Psychology Publications

Introduction. Nearly 80% of substance dependent individuals also use tobacco, and smoking cessation efforts during treatment for other substance use is associated with similar or even improved outcomes. However, smoking cessation is not routinely addressed during treatment for substance use disorders. The present study tested a computerized brief motivational intervention (C-BMI) for smoking cessation in an understudied population: a cohort recruited from a recovery community organization (RCO) center.

Methods. Following baseline assessment, participants were randomly assigned to either a 30-minute C-BMI plus access to free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), or an information-only control group plus NRT access. Results. Reductions in …

Neuropathological Responses To Chronic Nmda In Rats Are Worsened By Dietary N-3 Pufa Deprivation But Are Not Ameliorated By Fish Oil Supplementation, Vasken L. Keleshian, Matthew Kellom, Hyung-Wook Kim, Ameer Y. Taha, Yewon Cheon, Miki Igarashi, Stanley I. Rapoport, Jagadeesh S. Rao

Anatomy and Neurobiology Publications

Background

Dietary long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation may be beneficial for chronic brain illnesses, but the issue is not agreed on. We examined effects of dietary n-3 PUFA deprivation or supplementation, compared with an n-3 PUFA adequate diet (containing alpha-linolenic acid [18:3 n-3] but not docosahexaenoic acid [DHA, 22:6n-3]), on brain markers of lipid metabolism and excitotoxicity, in rats treated chronically with NMDA or saline.

Methods

Male rats after weaning were maintained on one of three diets for 15 weeks. After 12 weeks, each diet group was injected i.p. daily with saline (1 ml/kg) or a subconvulsive dose …