Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Stroke Rehabilitation In Pakistan: What We Know And What We Need To Do?, Farooq Azam Rathore, Akhtar Waheed

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Stroke is one of the leading causes of adult neurological disability all around the globe. There have been some remarkable improvements in the acute management of stroke. These include the use of thrombolysis, development of radiological investigations including computerized tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging and establishment of acute stroke units. There have been some promising advances the field of stroke rehabilitation as well in the last three decades.

Prof. Akhtar Ahmed – A Memoir Of Love, Respect, Admiration, And..., Ismail A. Khatri

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Prof. Akhtar Ahmed – a majzoob, how can it be. What an unusual analogy! I was kind of surprised when I heard this from one of my revered teachers Prof. Iftekhar Ahmed who happen to be one of the students of Prof. Akhtar Ahmed like me. However, when he explained this analogy it made complete sense. He explained that a majzoob throws stones on the salik and treats the salik harshly until he is confident that the salik can go through and endure the hardships on the path. Once satisfied, the majzoob opens up for the salik and the knowledge …

Pattern And Outcome Of Epilepsy At Department Of Neurology At Cmc Teaching Hospital Larkana, Alam Ibrahim Siddiqui, Badaruddin Junejo, Lal Chander Dhingra, Anila Mumtaz

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Epilepsy is third most common chronic neurological disease. Mortality is 2-3% more common in epilepsy patients than in general population. World wide survey have shown that epilepsy responds to treatment in about 70 % of epileptic patients and three fourth of the affected people do not get the treatment they need. So objective of our study was to know the outcome and pattern of epilepsy at Department of Neurology CMC teaching hospital Larkana ,so that in next step we could know which factors could reduce the morbitity and mortality due to epilepsy hence could prevent complications due to epilepsy. Total …

Radiological Findings In Peri-Partum Neurological Emergencies: Experience From A Tertiary Care Hospital, Pari Gul, Bushra Rehan, Saleha Anwar, Muhammad Usman Aziz

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Acute neurological diseases requiring hospitalization are unusual in young women. Some of these diseases are unique to pregnancy and the post-partum period including pre-ecclampsia. Others such as cerebral venous thrombosis, ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, etc. are indirectly related to pregnancy and seen less frequently. To explore the causes of neurological emergencies in this specific patient population, we performed a radiological audit of young women in pregnancy and postpartum period presenting with neurological emergencies. Material and methods: This was a retrospective study carried in the Department of Radiology, Liaquat National Hospital over one year from January 2013 till January 2014, after …

Frequency Of Peripheral Neuropathy In Newly Diagnosed Patients Of Diabetes Mellitus Iion Clinical And Electrophysiological Basis, Muslim Ali Lakhiar, Naila Naeem Shahbaz, Abdul Hafeez Bughio, Jai Prakash

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

To determine the frequency of peripheral neuropathy in newly diagnosed patients of Diabetes Mellitus type II on clinical and electrophysiological basis. Methods: This is Hospital based descriptive cross sectional study conducted at department of Neurology Civil Hospital Karachi/ Dow University of Health Sciences from 20th December 2011 to 20th June 2012. Data was collected from Neurology OPD, Medicine OPD and Diabetic Clinic Civil Hospital Karachi. Results: Total no of patients were 107 who were already diagnosed as type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Out of these, there were 57 (53.3%) male patients and 50 (46.7%) female patients, with ratio of males to …

Endovascular Treatment Of Spontaneous Indirect High Flow Carotid Cavernous Fistula With A Covered Stent., Qasim Bashir, Hina Nabi Ahmed

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

The treatment of symptomatic carotid-cavernous fistulas [CCF] has been historically treated in the developed world through the endovascular route. We report our first case of using a covered stent in a patient with spontaneous CCF. Method: Single patient with spontaneous indirect high flow CCF treated with a covered stent. We present retrospective analysis of technical success, initial and 6-month follow-up angiography and clinical outcome. Result: The stent was successfully navigated and deployed covering the CCF orifice. Immediate post stent deployment angiography showed marked reduction in flow and complete occlusion at 6-months. Clinically, patient showed near-complete recovery at 6 months. Conclusion: …

A Clinical Approach To Disorders Of Speech, Apoorva Pauranik

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Disorders of speech and communication, including Aphasia (mainly post stroke) are a major community health burden in terms of DALY (Disability Adjusted Life Years). Unfortunately they are relatively neglected with huge treatment gap. Traditionally aphasia related lesion sites have been grouped with reference to Rolandic & Sylvian fissures. However the theoretical models of language and speech organization in brain have undergone major conceptual shifts due to advances in cognitive neuropsychology, linguistics and functional neuro-imaging. Much more widely distributed overlapping neural networks are understood to be actively involved in various communication activities. The notion of speech centers or areas is somewhat …

First International Neuro Rehabilitation & 3rd National Rehabilitation Conference (31st October To 2nd November, 2014), Naveed Babur

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

The First International Neuro Rehabilitation & 3rd National Rehabilitation Conference was held at Isra Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences, Islamabad Campus Capital City of Pakistan from 31stOct to 2nd Nov, 2014.

Brief Report On 14th International Neurology Update & 7th National Stroke Conference, Muhammad Malik

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Learning is an enduring burden for neurologists aiming to maintain a high standard of clinical practice and education. Keeping up to date with new developments in medicine is a real challenge. But it's a challenge all neurologists must take if they are to do justice to their patients and aim for superior clinical expertise. The colossal burden of neurological disorders in Pakistan often overwhelms neurologists and trainees leaving them little time for professional self development.

Effects Of Video Enhancement In A Stated-Choice Experiment On Medical Decision Making, Susanne Hoffmann, Joachim Winter, Francis G. Caro, Alison Gottlieb

Gerontology Institute Publications

Background. The internet can be useful in administering stated-choice experiments to understand medical decision making and refine the content of patient decision aids. In internet-based stated-choice experiments, video and audio files can be used to provide information to respondents. Quality of data may or may not be affected.

Objectives. In a methodological experiment concerned with administration of a stated-choice experiment on the internet concerned with knee-replacement surgery, we compared the data quality obtained with video-enhanced and conventional text formats.

Methods. Members of the RAND Corporation’s American Life Panel and 50 years of age or older (n=1616) were randomly assigned to …

Metadata Determination For A Cadaveric Collection, Shamsi Rebecca Berry

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

The number, size and complexity of research databases continue to grow unabated. Yet, despite significant advances in information technology, scientists continue to struggle with 'data wrangling' or issues of finding, sharing, and reusing data, often for unanticipated future purposes. Most research databases are designed ad hoc, by native investigators for specific research functions and immediate needs with little to no input from database designers, informaticians, or other subject matter experts. Little thought is usually given to the implications of future data retrieval, sharing and reuse. When the needs of future investigators or research requirements change, the original design of the …

Alcohol And Drug Use Amongst College Students In Relation To Sexual Abuse, Christyn Hollingsworth

Honors College Theses

The impact of child sexual abuse (CSA) and traumatic sexual experiences has been the subject of multiple studies in which harm was found. Among these harms are emotional distress, psychological issues, and substance abuse. This research analyzed and compared the responses to questions pertaining to substance use and attitudes regarding sexual interactions between college aged students with and without a history of sexual abuse. The participant’s answers were run through an ANOVA to determine statistical variance. Based on prior research, it was expected that victims consume alcohol and use drugs more frequently than non-victims in significant amounts. The findings in …

Site-Specific Mutation Of The Sensor Kinase Gras In Staphylococcus Aureus Alters The Adaptive Response To Distinct Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides, Ambrose L. Cheung, Arnold S. Bayer, Michael R. Yeaman, Yan Q. Xiong, Alan J. Waring, Guido Memmi, Niles Donegan

Dartmouth Scholarship

The Staphylococcus aureus two-component regulatory system, GraRS, is involved in resistance to killing by distinct host defense cationic antimicrobial peptides (HD-CAPs). It is believed to regulate downstream target genes such as mprF and dltABCD to modify the S. aureus surface charge. However, the detailed mechanism(s) by which the histidine kinase, GraS, senses specific HD-CAPs is not well defined. Here, we studied a well-characterized clinical methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain (MW2), its isogenic graS deletion mutant (ΔgraS strain), a nonameric extracellular loop mutant (ΔEL strain), and four residue-specific ΔEL mutants (D37A, P39A, P39S, and D35G D37G D41G strains). The ΔgraS and …

Social Networking Site Use Among Caregivers Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Murad Moqbel, Lauren Little

Information Systems Faculty Publications

Caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience higher levels of stress relative to those of children with other developmental disabilities and typical development. To date, little research has empirically examined the relationship between social supports, social networking site (SNS) use, and stress among caregivers of children with ASD. Using the resiliency model of family stress, adjustment, and adaptation as a theoretical framework, we explore the links between perceived social supports, SNS use, and stress among caregivers of children with ASD. We do this by conducting a crosssectional research design and using a structural equation modeling statistical approach. Practical …

Malrotation After Reamed Intramedullary Nailing With And Without A Fracture Table For Closed Fractures Of The Femoral Shaft, Rizwan Haroon Rashid, Akbar Jaleel Zubairi, Masood Umer

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract Introduction: To observe the effect of the choice of surgical table on the incidence of malrotation. Methods: The randomised trial was conducted from July 2012 to January 2013 at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, during which 74 patients were inducted. Randomisation was done via random allocation software version 1.0.0 and sealed envelopes were used to guide the choice of table. Malrotation was assessed by the operating surgeon using the lesser trochanteric shape signunder intra-operative fluoroscopy. SPSS 19 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The 74 patients in the study were divided into two groups of 37(50%) each using …

The Current Prevalence Of Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus In Midwestern Goat Herds, Bradley Todd Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus (CAEV) is an incurable disease of goats that has both social and economic impacts. Clinical disease in goats includes encephalitis in kids; chronic arthritis, inflammatory mastitis and progressive respiratory disease in adults. In the last 25 years there have been significant changes in the United States goat industry with rapid growth in the meat and dairy industries. Recent prevalence studies are lacking and historic studies may not reflect changes in the industry. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of CAEV in Midwestern herds that are not routinely acquiring new animals from known negative …

The Crebh In Hepatic Lipid And Lipoprotein Metabolism: Implication For The Pathogenesis Of Hyperlipidemia And Metainflammation, Miaoyun Zhao

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Hyperlipidemia is reemerging as an important cardiovascular disease risk factor and other metabolic disorders, such as obesity, insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes. Hepatic de novo lipogenesis is controlled by a family of the b-zip transcription factors, the sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs), which targets downstream genes involved in free fatty acids, triglycerides and cholesterol synthesis. Regulation of SREBPs signaling is controlled by a cluster of the ER membrane-bound proteins, the insulin induced gene-1(Insig-1) and gene-2 (Insig-2) and the SCAP protein. The cAMP responsive element binding protein H (CREBH) is a recently identified member of this family. CREBH is selectively and …

Dynamic Hip Screw Fixation For Inter-Trochanteric Fractures: Determinants Of Outcomes, Adil Aijaz Shah, Santosh Kumar, Abdull Rehman

Department of Surgery Docs

bstract

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate factors associated with revision of dynamic hip screw implant in patients undergoing the procedure for the fixation of intertrochanteric fractures.

METHODS:

The retrospective study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised records of patients who had undergone dynamic hip screw fixation surgery between 2008 and 2012. Medical records and data for all patients were obtained from the medical records office. For all patients, the record files were systematically reviewed using a structured, pre-defined data extraction sheet. SPSS 20 was used statistical analysis.

RESULTS:

Out of 317 patients who had undergone the procedure, …

Is A 20 Kg Load Sufficient To Simulate Fatigue In Squat Jumps?, Chris A. Bailey, T. Mcinnis, K. Sato, B. Johnston, Z. Sha, Michael H. Stone

ETSU Faculty Works

Abstract available in the Annual Coaches and Sport Science College.

Analysis Of Changes In Strength, Explosiveness, And Agility Performance Over An Ncaa Division I Tennis Career: A Case Study, Caleb D. Bazyler, Jacob R. Goodin, George Beckham, H. Santana, M. Swartz, Ashley A. Kavanaugh

ETSU Faculty Works

Abstract available in the 9th Annual Coaches and Sport Science College .

Impact Of An Interprofessional Communication Course On Nursing, Medical, And Pharmacy Students’ Communication Skill Self-Efficacy Beliefs, Nicholas E. Hagemeier, Rick Hess, Kyle S. Hagen, Emily L. Sorah

ETSU Faculty Works

Objective. To describe an interprofessional communication course in an academic health sciences center and to evaluate and compare interpersonal and interprofessional communication self-efficacy beliefs of medical, nursing, and pharmacy students before and after course participation, using Bandura’s self-efficacy theory as a guiding framework.

Design. First-year nursing (n=36), first-year medical (n=73), and second-year pharmacy students (n=83) enrolled in an interprofessional communication skills development course voluntarily completed a 33-item survey instrument based on Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) core competencies prior to and upon completion of the course during the fall semester of 2012.

Assessment. Nursing students entered the course with higher interpersonal …

Ethnic And Language Matching: Effects On Hispanics' Treatment Perceptions, Carlos Adrian Ojeda Cedeno

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Cultural adaptations to mental health treatment have been recommended to improve treatment outcomes in minorities, including Hispanics (Griner & Smith, 2006). One such adaptation includes matching the therapist to the client on culturally salient variables, such as spoken language or ethnic background. Yet, most investigations about the efficacy of matching have been correlational or have not examined language and ethnic match together (Cabassa, 2007). I investigated the effects of both ethnic and language matching on Hispanics' perceptions of psychological treatment. Participants were 100 Hispanic adults (36 men) randomly assigned to one of four conditions. In each condition, participants read a …

Measuring The Role Of Inhibition In Auditory Discrimination In Mice, Tazima Nur

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Understanding how inhibitory neurons affect sensory information processing in the cerebral cortex is an ongoing goal of both neuroscience and statistical physics research. In this master's thesis research project, an experimental system has been designed and built for studying how auditory dynamic range depends on inhibitory neurons, based on observations of mouse behavior. In this thesis, firstly, the topic of inhibition and information processing has been introduced. Then two papers related to inhibition and dynamic range has been reviewed in detail. One of the papers is an experimental work that analyzes the affect of inhibition on dynamic range. The other …

Use Of Fresh Parental Fibular Allograft For Reconstruction Of Skeletal Defects After Limb Salvage Surgery, Muhammad Masood Kadir, Raza Askari, Sher Baz

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To share early experience with paediatric patients having undergone skeletal reconstruction after limb salvage surgery.

METHODS:

A reterorespective audit study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from 1994 to 2011 An audit of the institutional tumour registry was done and relevant cases of paediatric patients having undergone skeletal reconstruction after limbsalvage surgery were tracked. Outcomes were objectively assessed through Musculoskeletal Tumour Society score. International Society of Limb Salvage grading was used to measure union of the graft to the host bone.

RESULTS:

Of the total 9 patients, 5(55.6%) were males and 4(44.4%) were females with an …

Functional And Radiological Outcome Of Intramedullary Nailing Vs. Plate Fixation For Humeral Shaft Fractures. Does Treatment Method Bring Any Difference?, Pervaiz Hashmi, Yasir Mohib

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

BACKGROUD:

Operative Management of Humeral shaft fractures may be accomplished with the help of Plate fixation or IM Nails. Controversy exists as to which modality is superior to the other in terms of fewer complications and better functional and radiologicaloutcome.

OBJECTIVE:

To compare the differences in radiological and functional outcome of humeral shaft fractures managed by platefixation and antegrade intramedullary nails.

METHODS:

The retrospective study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised records of Patients managed surgically for uncomplicated humeral shaft fractures between 2007 and 2012. The patients were followed up for one year at clinic, …

Operative Management Of Patients With Non-Spinal Metastatic Bone Disease. Does It Actually Improve Quality Of Life?, Masood Umer, Yasir Mohib, Hafiz Muhammad Umer

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the survival rate and functional outcome of skeletal stabilisation in patients with metastatic bone disease.

METHODS:

The retrospective study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data of patients with non-spinalmetastatic bone disease managed surgically from January 2002 to December 2010. All patients had been managed by experienced orthopaedic, oncology and multidisciplinary teams. Patients managed by non-oncologic orthopaedic surgeons were excluded. The prognostic influence of clinical, pathological and treatment variables on Musculoskeletal Tumour Society score, range of motion, local complications and death rate were measured. SPSS 19 was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS: …

The Effects Of Nebulized Saline Treatments On Diphthongal Vowel Production On Female Subjects With Sjögren's Syndrome, Keri Lynn Perry

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to analyze and quantify the effects of a nebulized saline treatment on speech production in eight females with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome (SS). The duration, formant frequency onset and offset, and slope were measured to determine the quality of participants' production of diphthongal American English vowels. Acoustic data were examined before treatment began, immediately following treatment, and during a one-week follow-up to determine the effects of a laryngeal hydration program that used nebulized saline to increase hydration of structures in the vocal tract. The vowels produced during the initial baseline condition were acoustically relatively similar …

Editorial, Raj Manchanda

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.

A Randomized Controlled Trial In The Management Of Alcohol Dependence: Homoeopathic Vs. Standard Allopathic Treatment, Central Council For Research In Homoeopathy Ccrh

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background and Objective: Alcoholism (alcohol dependence) is a chronic illness marked by dependence on alcohol consumption. It interferes with health, social as well as family life and job responsibilities. Based on the experience of an observational single-arm study with positive outcomes, this protocol is being implemented to compare the effectiveness of homoeopathic intervention with standard allopathic treatment. Materials and Methods: This will be a randomized controlled open-label comparative trial. Patients will be randomized to receive either Homoeopathy or Allopathy group of intervention using computerized randomization chart. The period of treatment cum follow up shall be for 1 year. Supportive counseling …

Assessing The Therapeutic Usefulness Of Ricinus Communis: A Multicentric Observational Clinical Verification Study, P Chakraborty, Subhash Kaushik, Pramodji Singh, S Nain, Ojit Singh, S Ramteke, K Das, L Debata, C Nayak

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: Clinical verification is an ongoing research programme of the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy, under which many symptoms of Indian and rarely used drugs in Homoeopathy have been clinically verified. Objectives: To clinically verify the symptomatology of Ricinus communis as observed during its proving conducted by Council and also to ascertain the clinical symptoms relieved in the process of verification. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and twenty-five patients from all age-groups and both sexes were enrolled from the outpatient departments (OPDs) of the institutes and units of the Council following the exclusion and inclusion criteria as per protocol …